path: root/man/XDGA.man

.\" $XFree86$
.\" 
.TH XDGA 3 __vendorversion__ "XFree86"
.SH NAME
XDGA \- XFree86 DGA extension client library
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <X11/extensions/xf86dga.h>
.HP
Bool
.BR XDGAQueryExtension (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int *" eventBase ,
.br
.RI "int *" errorBase )
.HP
Bool
.BR XDGAQueryVersion (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int *" majorVersion ,
.br
.RI "int *" minorVersion )
.HP
XDGAMode
.RB * XDGAQueryModes (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "int *" num )
.HP
XDGADevice
.RB * XDGASetMode (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "int " mode )
.HP
Bool
.BR XDGAOpenFramebuffer (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen )
.HP
void
.BR XDGACloseFramebuffer (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen )
.HP
void
.BR XDGASetViewport (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "int " x ,
.br
.RI "int " y ,
.br
.RI "int " flags )
.HP
void
.BR XDGAInstallColormap (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "Colormap " cmap )
.HP
Colormap
.BR XDGACreateColormap (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "XDGADevice *" device ,
.br
.RI "int " alloc )
.HP
void
.BR XDGASelectInput (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "long " event_mask )
.HP
void
.BR XDGAFillRectangle (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "int " x ,
.br
.RI "int " y ,
.br
.RI "unsigned int " width ,
.br
.RI "unsigned int " height ,
.br
.RI "unsigned long " color )
.HP
void
.BR XDGACopyArea (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "int " srcx ,
.br
.RI "int " srcy ,
.br
.RI "unsigned int " width ,
.br
.RI "unsigned int " height ,
.br
.RI "int " dstx ,
.br
.RI "int " dsty )
.HP
void
.BR XDGACopyTransparentArea (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "int " srcx ,
.br
.RI "int " srcy ,
.br
.RI "unsigned int " width ,
.br
.RI "unsigned int " height ,
.br
.RI "int " dstx ,
.br
.RI "int " dsty ,
.br
.RI "unsigned long " key )
.HP
int
.BR XDGAGetViewportStatus (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen )
.HP
void
.BR XDGASync (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen )
.HP
Bool
.BR XDGASetClientVersion (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy )
.HP
void
.BR XDGAChangePixmapMode (
.br
.RI "Display *" dpy ,
.br
.RI "int " screen ,
.br
.RI "int *" x ,
.br
.RI "int *" y ,
.br
.RI "int " mode )
.HP
void
.BR XDGAKeyEventToXKeyEvent (
.br
.RI "XDGAKeyEvent *" dk ,
.br
.RI "XKeyEvent *" xk )

.SH DESCRIPTION
The
.B XFree86-DGA
extension is an X server extension for allowing client programs direct
access to the video frame buffer.  This is a brief description of the
programming interface for version 2.0 of the
.B XFree86-DGA
extension.
.PP
.B XFree86-DGA
is not intended as a direct rendering API, but rather, as a mechanism
to "get the X Server out of the way" so that some other direct rendering
API can have full access to the hardware.  With this in mind, DGA does
provide clients some direct access to the hardware without requiring a
separate rendering API, but this access is limited to direct linear
framebuffer access.
.PP
Most of the reasons for the
.B XFree86-DGA
extension's existence are now better served in other ways.  Further
development of this extension is not expected, and it may be deprecated
in a future release.  The features that continue to be useful will either
be provided through other existing mechanisms, or through an extension
that address those needs more specifically.  Discussion of these issue
is encouraged in the XFree86 developer forum
.RI < devel@xfree86.org >.
.PP
.B XFree86-DGA
is initialized by passing a number corresponding to a valid
.I XDGAMode
to
.BR XDGASetMode ().
Clients can get a list of valid modes from
.BR XDGAQueryModes ().
Each
.I XDGAMode
corresponds to a different framebuffer layout.
.PP
.BR XDGAQueryModes ()
returns a pointer to an array of 
.IR XDGAMode s
which are valid for the given screen.
.I num
is the number of elements in the array.  The returned array can be freed
with XFree(3).  The
.I XDGAMode
structure is as follows:
.PP
.nf
.ta .5i 2i
typedef struct {
   int num;
   char *name;
   float verticalRefresh;
   int flags;
   int imageWidth;
   int imageHeight;
   int pixmapWidth;
   int pixmapHeight;
   int bytesPerScanline;
   int byteOrder;
   int depth;
   int bitsPerPixel;
   unsigned long redMask;
   unsigned long greenMask;
   unsigned long blueMask;
   short visualClass;
   int viewportWidth;
   int viewportHeight;
   int xViewportStep;
   int yViewportStep;
   int maxViewportX;
   int maxViewportY;
   int viewportFlags;
   int reserved1;
   int reserved2;
.br
} XDGAMode;
.fi
.TP 8
.I num
A unique identifying number
.RI ( num
> 0) for the mode.  This is the number referenced when initializing the mode.
.TP 8
.I name
The name of the corresponding modeline as given in the XF86Config file.
.TP 8
.I verticalRefresh
The vertical refresh rate for the modeline (in Hz).
.TP 8
.I flags
Any of the following may be OR'd together:
.RS 8
.TP 4
.B XDGAConcurrentAccess
Indicates that concurrent client/server access to the framebuffer is
possible.  If this flag is not set it is very important to call
.BR XDGASync ()
before directly accessing the framebuffer if a call to
.BR XDGAFillRectangle (),
.BR XDGACopyArea ()
or
.BR XDGACopyTransparentArea ()
or any Xlib rendering function has been made prior to such accesses.
.TP 4
.B XDGASolidFillRect
Indicates that
.BR XDGAFillRectangle ()
is supported.
.TP 4
.B XDGABlitRect
Indicates that
.BR XDGACopyArea ()
is supported.
.TP 4
.B XDGABlitTransRect
Indicates that
.BR XDGACopyTransparentArea ()
is supported.
.TP 4
.B XDGAPixmap
Indicates that a Pixmap will be returned when the mode is initialized.
This means that rendering with Xlib is possible for this mode.
.TP 4
.B XDGAInterlaced
.TP 4
.B XDGADoublescan
Indicates that the mode is an interlaced or doublescan mode.
.RE
.TP 8
.I imageWidth
.TP 8
.I imageHeight
The width and height of the framebuffer area accessible by the client.
This rectangle is always justified to the upper left-hand corner.
.TP 8
.I pixmapWidth
.TP 8
.I pixmapHeight
The width and height of the framebuffer area accessible by Xlib.  This
rectangle is always justified to the upper left-hand corner.  These
fields are only valid if the
.B XDGAPixmap
flag is set in the
.I flags
field.
.TP 8
.I bytesPerScanline
The pitch of the framebuffer in bytes.
.TP 8
.I byteOrder
.B MSBFirst
or
.BR LSBFirst .
.TP 8
.I depth
The number of bits in each pixel which contain usable data.
.TP 8
.I bitsPerPixel
The number of bits taken up by each pixel.
.TP 8
.I redMask
.TP 8
.I greenMask
.TP 8
.I blueMask
The RGB masks.  These do not apply to color-indexed modes.
.TP 8
.I visualClass
.BR TrueColor ,
.BR PseudoColor ,
.BR DirectColor ,
etc.
.TP 8
.I viewportWidth
.TP 8
.I viewportHeight
The dimensions of the portion of the framebuffer which will be displayed
on the screen.
.TP 8
.I xViewPortStep
.TP 8
.I yViewPortStep
The granularity of the x,y viewport positioning possible with the
.BR XDGASetViewport ()
function.
.TP 8
.I maxViewportX
.TP 8
.I maxViewportY
The maximum x and y positions possible with the 
.BR XDGASetViewport ()
function.
.TP 8
.I viewportFlags
Any of the following may be OR'd together
.RS 8
.TP 4
.B XDGAFlipRetrace
Indicates that the hardware can switch viewports during the vertical
retrace.
.TP 4
.B XDGAFlipImmediate
Indicates that the hardware can switch viewports immediately without
waiting for the vertical retrace.
.RE
.PP
.BR XDGASetMode ()
initialises the
.I XDGAMode
corresponding to
.IR num .
To exit DGA mode and return to normal server operation, call
.BR XDGASetMode ()
with
.I num
set to zero.
.BR XDGASetMode ()
returns a pointer to an
.I XDGADevice
if successful.  The XDGADevice can be freed with XFree(3).  The
.I XDGADevice
structure is as follows:
.PP
.nf
.ta .5i 2i
typedef struct {
   XDGAMode mode;
   unsigned char *data;
   Pixmap pixmap;
.br
} XDGADevice;
.fi
.TP 8
.I mode
The
.I XDGAMode
structure, identical to the information returned by
.BR XDGAQueryModes ().
.TP 8
.I data
If direct framebuffer access is desired and possible, this field will
contain a pointer to the mapped framebuffer memory.  Generally, this
field will be zero unless a call to
.BR XDGAOpenFramebuffer ()
is made prior to initialization of the mode.
.TP 8
.I pixmap
If the mode supports Xlib rendering as indicated by
.B XDGAPixmap
in the
.I flags
field, this will contain a Pixmap handle suitable for passing as the
drawable argument to Xlib functions.  This field will be zero if Xlib
rendering is not supported.
.PP
.BR XDGAQueryExtension ()
checks for the presence of the extension and returns the event and error bases.
.PP
.BR XDGAQueryVersion ()
returns the
.B XFree86-DGA
major and minor version numbers.
.PP
.BR XDGAOpenFramebuffer ()
maps the framebuffer memory.  The client needs sufficient privileges to be
able to do this.
.BR XDGAOpenFramebuffer ()
should be called prior to initializing a DGA mode if direct framebuffer
access is desired for that mode.
.BR XDGAOpenFramebuffer ()
does not need to be called if direct framebuffer access is not required.
If the framebuffer is opened,
.PP
.BR XDGACloseFramebuffer ()
should be called prior to client exit to unmap the memory.
.PP
.BR XDGAChangePixmapMode ()
can be used to change between two pixmap sizes in cases where a Pixmap is
available for Xlib rendering.  The following values for the
.I mode
parameter are available:
.RS 8
.TP 4
.B XDGAPixmapModeLarge
The pixmap size is defined by the
.I pixmapWidth
and
.I  pixmapHeight
fields in the
.I XDGAMode
structure.  The
.I x
and
.I y
values are ignored in this case.
.TP 4
.B XDGAPixmapModeSmall
The pixmap size is defined by the
.I viewportWidth
and
.I viewportHeight
fields in the
.I XDGAMode
structure.  In this mode, the
.I x
and
.I y
values specify where in the framebuffer this pixmap rectangle is located.
It may be placed anywhere within the Xlib renderable region described
by the
.I pixmapWidth
and
.I pixmapHeight
fields in the
.IR XDGAMode .
The
.I x
and
.I y
values returned are the resultant location of the pixmap and may be
different from the requested x,y location due to platform specific
alignment constraints.  All Xlib rendering is clipped to this pixmap
rectangle.
.RE
.PP
.BR XDGASetViewport ()
sets the upper left-hand corner of the rectangle of framebuffer that is
to be displayed on the screen.  Not all locations may be supported by
the hardware and requested locations will be adjusted according to the
.I xViewPortStep
and
.I yViewPortStep
fields in the
.IR XDGAMode .
.PP
.I flags
can be
.B XDGAFlipRetrace
or
.B XDGAFlipImmediate
to adjust the viewport location at the next vertical retrace or
immediately.  Values other than the supported values advertised in the
mode's
.I viewportFlags
field will result in hardware-specific default behavior.
.B XDGAFlipImmediate
will block until the flip is completed.
.B XDGAFlipRetrace
will generally NOT block so it is necessary to monitor the viewport
status with
.BR XDGAGetViewportStatus ().
.B XDGAFlipImmediate
requests during pending
.B XDGAFlipRetrace
requests will be ignored.
.PP
.BR XDGAGetViewportStatus ()
keeps track of the
.BR XDGASetViewport ()
requests still pending.  The return value of the function will have
consecutive bits set (LSB justified), each bit representing a pending
viewport change.  For example:
.PP
.nf
     while(XDGAGetViewportStatus(dpy, screen));
.fi
.PP
waits for all pending viewport changes to finish.
.PP
.nf
     while(0x2 & XDGAGetViewportStatus(dpy, screen));
.fi
.PP
waits until all but the last viewport changes have completed.
.PP
.BR XDGACreateColormap ()
is similar to the Xlib function XCreateColormap(3) except that it takes
an
.I XDGADevice
as an argument instead of a Window and Visual.  Though XCreateColormap(3)
may create usable colormaps in some cases,
.BR XDGACreateColormap ()
is the preferred method for creating colormaps in DGA since there may
not be an advertised visual compatible with the DGA device.
.PP
.BR XDGAInstallColormap ()
must be used to install colormaps in DGA mode.  XInstallColormap(3) will
not work.
.PP
.BR XDGASelectInput ()
enables DGA's own event mechanism.  This function is similar to
XSelectInput(3), and all Xlib Key, Button and Motion masks are supported.
The following DGA events are defined:
.PP
.nf
.ta .5i 2i
typedef struct {
   int type;             /\(** ButtonPress or ButtonRelease + the DGA event base*/
   unsigned long serial; /\(** # or last request processed by the server */
   Display *display;     /\(** Display the event was read from */
   int screen;           /\(** The screen number the event came from */
   Time time;            /\(** milliseconds */
   unsigned int state;   /\(** key or button mask */
   unsigned int button;  /\(** detail */
.br
} XDGAButtonEvent;
.fi
.PP
.nf
.ta .5i 2i
typedef struct {
   int type;             /\(** KeyPress or KeyRelease + the DGA event base*/
   unsigned long serial; /\(** # or last request processed by the server */
   Display *display;     /\(** Display the event was read from */
   int screen;           /\(** The screen number the event came from */
   Time time;            /\(** milliseconds */
   unsigned int state;   /\(** key or button mask */
   unsigned int keycode; /\(** detail */
.br
} XDGAKeyEvent;
.fi
.PP
.nf
.ta .5i 2i
typedef struct {
   int type;             /\(** MotionNotify + the DGA event base*/
   unsigned long serial; /\(** # or last request processed by the server */
   Display *display;     /\(** Display the event was read from */
   int screen;           /\(** The screen number the event came from */
   Time time;            /\(** milliseconds */
   unsigned int state;   /\(** key or button mask */
   int dx;               /\(** relative pointer motion */
   int dy;               /\(** relative pointer motion */
.br
} XDGAMotionEvent;
.fi
.PP
.BR XDGAKeyEventToXKeyEvent ()
is a helper function to translate
.IR XDGAKeyEvent s
into
.IR XKeyEvent s
suitable for use with XLookupKeysym(3).
.PP
.BR XDGAFillRectangle (),
.BR XDGACopyArea (),
and
.BR XDGACopyTransparentArea ()
are included with some reservation since DGA is not intended as a
rendering API.  These are merely convenience routines and are optionally
supported.  The associated flags will be set in the
.IR XDGAMode 's
.I flags
field if these functions are supported.  These functions will be no-ops
otherwise. they do not provide direct access to the hardware, but are
simply context-less operations performed by the server.
.PP
.BR XDGASync ()
blocks until all server rendering to the framebuffer completes.  If Xlib
or the 3 rendering functions above are used,
.BR XDGASync ()
must be called before the client directly accesses the framebuffer as
the server rendering is asynchronous with the client and may have not
completed.  This is especially important if the
.B XDGAConcurrentAccess
flag is not set in the
.IR XDGAMode 's
.I flags
field since concurrent access by the server and client may result in a
system lockup.
.SH SEE ALSO
XFree86(1), XF86Config(__filemansuffix__)
.SH AUTHORS
.B XFree86-DGA
version 2 was written by Mark Vojkovich.  Version 1 was written by Jon
Tombs, Harm Hanemaayer, Mark Vojkovich.