From 8418a3a9fb81c8581093621e833267055150e1d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alan Coopersmith Date: Tue, 13 Oct 2009 14:58:56 -0700 Subject: Move Xprint protocol spec & overview man pages from xorg-docs Signed-off-by: Alan Coopersmith --- man/Xprint.man | 421 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ man/Xprint.sgml | 627 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 1048 insertions(+) create mode 100644 man/Xprint.man create mode 100644 man/Xprint.sgml (limited to 'man') diff --git a/man/Xprint.man b/man/Xprint.man new file mode 100644 index 0000000..39b0ccc --- /dev/null +++ b/man/Xprint.man @@ -0,0 +1,421 @@ +.\" -*- coding: us-ascii -*- +.TH Xprint __miscmansuffix__ "8 October 2004" +.SH NAME +Xprint \- The "X print service" - a portable, network-transparent printing system based on the X11 protocol +.SH SYNOPSIS +Xprint is a very flexible, extensible, scaleable, client/server +print system based on ISO 10175 (and some other specs) and the X11 +rendering protocol. +Using Xprint an application can search, query and use devices like +printers, FAX machines or create documents in formats like PDF. +In particular, an application can seek a printer, query supported +attributes (like paper size, trays, fonts etc.), configure the printer +device to match it\(cqs needs and print on it like on any other X device +reusing parts of the code which is used for the video card Xserver. +.SH OVERVIEW +The "X Print Service" technology allows X rendering to devices such as +printers and fax. Most of the service is available in the X11 +technology stack as Xp, with the remainder in single toolkit stacks (e.g. DtPrint for CDE). +Modifications have also been made to the LessTif/Motif/Qt technology +stacks to support Xprint. +.PP +The Xp portion consists of: +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +Xp Extension for the X-Server (included in the X-Server Xprt) +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +Xp Extension API for the client side (libXp/libXprintUtils) +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +PCL ddx driver that converts core X to native PCL +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +PDF ddx driver that converts core X to native PDF +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +PostScript ddx driver that converts core X to native PostScript +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +Raster ddx driver that generates xwd rasters which can be converted to PCL, PDF or PostScript rasters +.PP +.PP +From an X clients perspective, it can attach to one of two nearly +identical X-Servers, a "Video" X-Server, and a "Print" X-Server +which has the additional Xp capability but otherwise looks and +behaves the same. +.SH "HOW THE X PRINT SERVICE WORKS" +The X Print Service expands on the traditional X-Server and Xlib world +in four ways. +.TP 0.4i +1. +Most obvious is the use of "print ddx drivers" instead of +"video ddx drivers". While a video ddx driver modifies pixels +in a video frame buffer, a print ddx driver generates "page +description language (PDL)" output (such as PCL, PDF or PostScript) +or sends the print rendering instructions to a platform-specific +print API (like Win32/GDI). + +Once a print ddx driver generates PDL output, it can be sent to +a spooler such as \fBlp\fR(1) +or retrieved by the client (to implement functionality like "print-to-file"). + +Though not currently done, a single X-Server can support both +print and video ddx drivers. +.TP 0.4i +2. +Since printers support "paged" output, unlike video, a portion +of the Xp Extension supports APIs to delineate printed output. +For example, XpStartPage and XpEndPage tell the X-Server where +a physical page starts and ends in an otherwise continuous +stream of X rendering primitives. Likewise, XpStartJob and +XpEndJob determine when a collection of pages starts and ends. +XpEndJob typically causes the generated PDL to be submitted to +a spooler, such as \fBlp\fR(1). +.TP 0.4i +3. +Since printers have extensive capabilities, another portion of +the Xp Extension supports APIs to manipulate "print contexts". + +Once a printer is selected using the Xp Extension API, a print +context to represent it can be created. A print context +embodies the printer selected - it contains the printer's +default capabilities, selectable range of capabilities, +printer state, and generated output. Some "attributes" within +the print context can be modified by the user, and the +X-Server and print ddx driver will react accordingly. For +example, the attribute "content-orientation" can be set to +"landscape" or "portrait" (if the printer supports these +values - which can be queried using the Xprint API as well). +.TP 0.4i +4. +Since printers can have "built in" fonts, the Xp Extension in +the X-Server works with the print ddx drivers to make +available (for printing only) additional fonts on a per print +context basis. + +When a print context is created and set for a given printer, +the X font calls may be able to access additional printer +fonts. To do this (typically), the X-Server must have access +to "printer metric files" (.pmf) that describe at minimum the +metrics of the built in fonts. +.PP +.SH USAGE +There are three tasks to start the X Print Service: +.TP 0.4i +1. +configuring the X Print Server, +.TP 0.4i +2. +starting the X Print Service +.TP 0.4i +3. +configuring the user session so that clients can find the running X Print Service +.PP +.PP +The tasks are described in detail below. +.SH "SERVER CONFIGURATION" +The X Print Server (Xprt) can read a number of configuration files which +control its behavior and support for printers. Each vendor platform has +a default location for this information. Xprt can also read the +environment variable \fBXPCONFIGDIR\fR to locate alternate configuration +directories. Common settings include: + +export XPCONFIGDIR=/X11/lib/X11/XpConfig/ +.PP +export XPCONFIGDIR=/proj/x11/xc/programs/Xserver/XpConfig/ + +.PP +Xprt has many built-in defaults, and lacking any configuration files, +will immediately try to support all printers visible via \fBlpstat\fR(1). +.PP +In order of importance for configuration by a system administrator, the +configuration files for a "C" locale are as follows (see \fBXprt\fR(__appmansuffix__) for more +details (including support for non-"C" locales)): +.TP +\fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/Xprinters\fR +\&'Xprinters' is the top most configuration file. It tells +Xprt which specific printer names (e.g. mylaser) should +be supported, and whether \fBlpstat\fR(1) or other commands +should be used to automatically supplement the list of +printers. +.TP +\fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/attributes/printer\fR +The 'printer' file maps printer names to model +configurations (see 'model-config' below). For example, +"mylaser" could be mapped to a "HPDJ1600C", and all other +arbitrary printers could be mapped to a default, such as +"HPLJ4SI". When depending on \fBlpstat\fR(1) in the Xprinters +file, setting up defaults in 'printer' becomes all the +more important. +.TP +\fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/attributes/document\fR +The 'document' file specifies the initial document values +for any print jobs. For example, which paper tray to +use, what default resolution, etc. +.TP +\fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/attributes/job\fR +The 'job' file specifies the initial job values for any +print jobs. For example, "notification-profile" can be +set so that when a print job is successfully sent to a +printer, e-mail is sent to the user. +.TP +\fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/models/PSdefault/model\-config\fR, \fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/models/PSdefault/fonts/fonts.dir\fR, \fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/models/PSdefault/fonts/9nb00051.pmf\fR, \fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/models/PSdefault/fonts/9nb00093.pmf\fR +The 'model-config' file has attributes that describe the +printer model\(cqs capabilities and default settings. +Printer model fonts may also be present. The model-config +file also identifies the print ddx driver to be used. +For each printer model supported, a complete hierarchy of +files should exist. In most cases, these files do not +need to be modified. +.TP +\fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/ddx\-config/raster/pcl\fR, \fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/ddx\-config/raster/pdf\fR, \fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/ddx\-config/raster/postscript\fR +The print ddx drivers can have highly specific +configuration files to control their behavior. In most +cases, these files do not need to be modified. +.PP +More information in how to configure and customize the X print server can be found in the +\fBXprt\fR(__appmansuffix__) +manual page. +.SH "STARTING UP" +The summary checklist for starting the X Print Service is as follows: +.TP 0.4i +1. +Choose an execution model for the X Print Service. The X +Print Service can be run on a per-user session basis, per +machine basis, or can be run on a few machines globally +available to a number of users. +.TP 0.4i +2. +If print jobs are to be submitted to a spooler (almost always +the case), make sure all needed printers are available to the +spooler subsystem (most often \fBlp\fR(1)) +on the same machine running the X Print Service. +.TP 0.4i +3. +Configure the X Print Server. See ``X Print Server +Configuration''. +.TP 0.4i +4. +Depending on #1, start the X Print Server process "Xprt", and +then the toolkit-specific Print Dialog Manager Daemon process +(such as CDEnext's "dtpdmd") at the appropriate times. +Note that libXprintUtils-based applications/toolkits do not need +a Print Dialog Manager Daemon process to use Xprint. +.PP +The details are described below. +.PP +Because the X Print Service is based on X, it can be easily distributed. +The most significant factors in which execution model to choose will be +driven by: +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +how many printers will be accessable through the printer +subsystem on any given machine. A system administrator may +choose to cluster printers on a few given machines, or +scatter them across an organization and possibly make +extensive use of remote spoolers to make them globally +available. +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +how many machines will need a copy of the X Print Server +configuration files. The files have been architected so +that one super-set version of them can be maintained and +distributed (e.g. via NFS), and a per-machine or per-user +version of the `Xprinters' is all that is needed to have the +appropriate information in them utilized or ignored. +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +how many users can demand services from a given X Print +Service. +.PP +With the above in mind, some obvious execution models include: +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +Global - in this model, the system administrator is choosing +to run the X Print Service on a *few* select machines with +appropriate printers configured, and allow clients access to +the global resource. This can centralize the administration +of printers and configuration files, but may have to be +monitored for performance loading. + +Startup would likely be done by boot-up scripts (such as \fB/etc/init.d/xprint\fR). +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +Per-machine - every machine with potential X Print Service +users would run the service. Printer and configuration file +administration is decentralized, and usage would be limited +to the users on the machine. + +Startup would likely be done by boot-up scripts (such as \fB/etc/init.d/xprint\fR). +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +Per-user session - every user would run an entire X Print +Service for themselves. In the future, the Video X Server +normally started may contain Print X Server capability, so +this model becomes very natural. + +Startup would likely be done at session login or by +launching actions or processes manually once the user +logs in. Note: Deamons like "dtpdmd" must be started after Xprt. +.PP +.PP +Starting of the processes is straight forward. In strict order (example is for manually starting the X print server for CDEnext usage): +.TP 0.4i +1. + +.nf +[machineA] % Xprt [\-XpFile ] [:dispNum] & +.fi + + +Note that Xprt will look for configuration files in either +a default location or where \fBXPCONFIGDIR\fR points. + +\fB\-XpFile\fR specifies an alternate `Xprinters' file, rather +than the default one or `\fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/Xprinters\fR'. +.TP 0.4i +2. + +.nf +[machineA] % dtpdmd \-d machineA[:dispNum] [\-l /tmp/dtpdmd.log] & +.fi + + +The dtpdmd will maintain an X-Selection on the X-Server, +and will start dtpdm's as required to service requests. +.PP +.PP +In all but the per-user session model, the machine running the dtpdmd +(thus dtpdm's) will need display authorization to the users video +display. +.SH "CLIENT CONFIGURATION" +Once a X Print Server and dtpdmd have been started -- many of them +in some cases -- clients will need to find and use them. There are +two mechanisms that allow clients to discover X Print Servers and +printers. +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +"X Print Specifier" - assuming usage of the DtPrint/XprintUtils-based print +applications, the following notation is understood: + + +.nf +printer_name@machine[:dispNum] +.fi + + +For example: + + +.nf +colorlj7@printhub:2 +.fi + + +In the above example, the X Print Server running at `printhub:2' +is assumed to support the printer named `colorlj7'. +.TP 0.2i +\(bu +\fB${XPSERVERLIST}\fR - assuming usage of the DtPrint print dialogs, +the environment variable \fB${XPSERVERLIST}\fR can contain a list +of X Print Servers. For example: + + +.nf +XPSERVERLIST="printhub:2 printhub:3 otherdept:0" +.fi + + +Then in the dialogs, only a printer name needs to be entered. +The dialog will then search the X Print Servers in \fB${XPSERVERLIST}\fR +for a server than supports the printer, and then establish +contact. +.PP +.SH "END-USER SEQUENCE" +From most CDEnext applications, printing is accomplished by bringing +down the menu and selecting . This will result in +the DtPrintSetupBox dialog, which will request the name of a printer, +and offer limited capability to configure print options (e.g. number +of copies). If the user wishes, they can select , which +will start a dtpdm capable of modifying additional print options. +Finally, the user should select . +.SH ENVIRONMENT +.TP +\fB${XPCONFIGDIR}\fR +This environment variable points to the root +of the Xprint server configuration directory hierarchy. +If the variable is not defined, the default +path is be assumed. The default path may be +\fB/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xserver/\fR, +\fB/usr/lib/X11/xserver/\fR, +\fB/usr/share/Xprint/xserver/\fR or +\fB/usr/openwin/server/etc/XpConfig\fR, depending on the +system, and may be configured in \fB/etc/init.d/xprint\fR. +.TP +\fB${LANG}\fR +This environment variable selects the locale settings used by the Xprint server. +Xprt allows language-specific settings (stored in \fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/${LANG}/print/\fR) +which will override the default settings (stored in \fB${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/\fR). +If \fB${LANG}\fR is not set "C" is assumed. +.TP +\fB${XPSERVERLIST}\fR +The environment variable \fB${XPSERVERLIST}\fR contains a list +of display identifiers (separated by whitespace) which tell an +application where it can find the Xprint servers. Usually +\fB${XPSERVERLIST}\fR is set by the profile startup scripts (e.g. +\fB/etc/profile\fR or \fB/etc/profile.d/xprint.sh\fR) using the output of +\fB/etc/init.d/xprint get_xpserverlist\fR. + +Example: + +.nf + + export XPSERVERLIST="`/etc/init.d/xprint get_xpserverlist`" +.fi + + +Alternatively \fB${XPSERVERLIST}\fR can be set +manually. Example: + +.nf + + export XPSERVERLIST="littlecat:80 bitdog:72" +.fi + +instructs an application to find an Xprint server at display +80 on the machine "littlecat" and at display 72 on the +machine bigdog. +.TP +\fB${XPRINTER}\fR +The environment variable \fB${XPRINTER}\fR +defines the default printer used by print +applications. The syntax is either +\fIprintername\fR or +\fIprintername\fR@\fIdisplay\fR. + +Examples: +.RS +.TP +\fBXPRINTER=ps003\fR +tells an application to look for the +first printer named "ps003" on all Xprint +servers. +.TP +\fBXPRINTER=hplaser19@littlecat:80\fR +tells an application to use the printer "hplaser19" +on the Xprint server at display +"littlecat:80". +.RE + + +If \fB${XPRINTER}\fR is not set the applications +will examine the values of the \fB${PDPRINTER}\fR, +\fB${LPDEST}\fR, and +\fB${PRINTER}\fR environment variables (in that order). +.SH "SEE ALSO" +\fBX11\fR(__miscmansuffix__), \fBxplsprinters\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBxprehashprinterlist\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBxphelloworld\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBxpxmhelloworld\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBxpawhelloworld\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBxpxthelloworld\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBxpsimplehelloworld\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBXserver\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBXprt\fR(__appmansuffix__), \fBlibXp\fR(__libmansuffix__), \fBlibXprintUtils\fR(__libmansuffix__), \fBlibXprintAppUtils\fR(__libmansuffix__), \fBXmPrintShell\fR(__libmansuffix__), \fBXawPrintShell\fR(__libmansuffix__), Xprint FAQ (http://xprint.mozdev.org/docs/Xprint_FAQ.html), Xprint main site (http://xprint.mozdev.org/) +.SH AUTHORS +This manual page was written by +Roland Mainz based on the original X11R6.6 +\fBxc/programs/Xserver/XpConfig/README\fR. diff --git a/man/Xprint.sgml b/man/Xprint.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1f7e0a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/man/Xprint.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ + + + + + + + Xprint + __miscmansuffix__ + + + Xprint + + The "X print service" - a portable, network-transparent printing system based on the X11 protocol + + + Xprint is a very flexible, extensible, scaleable, client/server + print system based on ISO 10175 (and some other specs) and the X11 + rendering protocol. + Using Xprint an application can search, query and use devices like + printers, FAX machines or create documents in formats like PDF. + In particular, an application can seek a printer, query supported + attributes (like paper size, trays, fonts etc.), configure the printer + device to match it’s needs and print on it like on any other X device + reusing parts of the code which is used for the video card Xserver. + + + + + OVERVIEW + + The "X Print Service" technology allows X rendering to devices such as + printers and fax. Most of the service is available in the X11 + technology stack as Xp, with the remainder in single toolkit stacks (e.g. DtPrint for CDE). + Modifications have also been made to the LessTif/Motif/Qt technology + stacks to support Xprint. + + + The Xp portion consists of: + + Xp Extension for the X-Server (included in the X-Server Xprt) + Xp Extension API for the client side (libXp/libXprintUtils) + PCL ddx driver that converts core X to native PCL + PDF ddx driver that converts core X to native PDF + PostScript ddx driver that converts core X to native PostScript + Raster ddx driver that generates xwd rasters which can be converted to PCL, PDF or PostScript rasters + + + + From an X clients perspective, it can attach to one of two nearly + identical X-Servers, a "Video" X-Server, and a "Print" X-Server + which has the additional Xp capability but otherwise looks and + behaves the same. + + + + + HOW THE X PRINT SERVICE WORKS + + The X Print Service expands on the traditional X-Server and Xlib world + in four ways. + + + + + Most obvious is the use of "print ddx drivers" instead of + "video ddx drivers". While a video ddx driver modifies pixels + in a video frame buffer, a print ddx driver generates "page + description language (PDL)" output (such as PCL, PDF or PostScript) + or sends the print rendering instructions to a platform-specific + print API (like Win32/GDI). + + + Once a print ddx driver generates PDL output, it can be sent to + a spooler such as lp1 + or retrieved by the client (to implement functionality like "print-to-file"). + + + Though not currently done, a single X-Server can support both + print and video ddx drivers. + + + + + + Since printers support "paged" output, unlike video, a portion + of the Xp Extension supports APIs to delineate printed output. + For example, XpStartPage and XpEndPage tell the X-Server where + a physical page starts and ends in an otherwise continuous + stream of X rendering primitives. Likewise, XpStartJob and + XpEndJob determine when a collection of pages starts and ends. + XpEndJob typically causes the generated PDL to be submitted to + a spooler, such as lp1. + + + + + Since printers have extensive capabilities, another portion of + the Xp Extension supports APIs to manipulate "print contexts". + + + Once a printer is selected using the Xp Extension API, a print + context to represent it can be created. A print context + embodies the printer selected - it contains the printer's + default capabilities, selectable range of capabilities, + printer state, and generated output. Some "attributes" within + the print context can be modified by the user, and the + X-Server and print ddx driver will react accordingly. For + example, the attribute "content-orientation" can be set to + "landscape" or "portrait" (if the printer supports these + values - which can be queried using the Xprint API as well). + + + + + Since printers can have "built in" fonts, the Xp Extension in + the X-Server works with the print ddx drivers to make + available (for printing only) additional fonts on a per print + context basis. + + + When a print context is created and set for a given printer, + the X font calls may be able to access additional printer + fonts. To do this (typically), the X-Server must have access + to "printer metric files" (.pmf) that describe at minimum the + metrics of the built in fonts. + + + + + + + + USAGE + + There are three tasks to start the X Print Service: + + configuring the X Print Server, + starting the X Print Service + configuring the user session so that clients can find the running X Print Service + + + + The tasks are described in detail below. + + + + + SERVER CONFIGURATION + + The X Print Server (Xprt) can read a number of configuration files which + control its behavior and support for printers. Each vendor platform has + a default location for this information. Xprt can also read the + environment variable XPCONFIGDIR to locate alternate configuration + directories. Common settings include: + + + export XPCONFIGDIR=/X11/lib/X11/XpConfig/ + export XPCONFIGDIR=/proj/x11/xc/programs/Xserver/XpConfig/ + + + + Xprt has many built-in defaults, and lacking any configuration files, + will immediately try to support all printers visible via lpstat1. + + + In order of importance for configuration by a system administrator, the + configuration files for a "C" locale are as follows (see Xprt__appmansuffix__ for more + details (including support for non-"C" locales)): + + + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/Xprinters + + + 'Xprinters' is the top most configuration file. It tells + Xprt which specific printer names (e.g. mylaser) should + be supported, and whether lpstat1 or other commands + should be used to automatically supplement the list of + printers. + + + + + + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/attributes/printer + + + The 'printer' file maps printer names to model + configurations (see 'model-config' below). For example, + "mylaser" could be mapped to a "HPDJ1600C", and all other + arbitrary printers could be mapped to a default, such as + "HPLJ4SI". When depending on lpstat1 in the Xprinters + file, setting up defaults in 'printer' becomes all the + more important. + + + + + + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/attributes/document + + + The 'document' file specifies the initial document values + for any print jobs. For example, which paper tray to + use, what default resolution, etc. + + + + + + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/attributes/job + + + The 'job' file specifies the initial job values for any + print jobs. For example, "notification-profile" can be + set so that when a print job is successfully sent to a + printer, e-mail is sent to the user. + + + + + + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/models/PSdefault/model-config + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/models/PSdefault/fonts/fonts.dir + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/models/PSdefault/fonts/9nb00051.pmf + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/models/PSdefault/fonts/9nb00093.pmf + + + + The 'model-config' file has attributes that describe the + printer model’s capabilities and default settings. + Printer model fonts may also be present. The model-config + file also identifies the print ddx driver to be used. + + For each printer model supported, a complete hierarchy of + files should exist. In most cases, these files do not + need to be modified. + + + + + + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/ddx-config/raster/pcl + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/ddx-config/raster/pdf + ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/ddx-config/raster/postscript + + + + The print ddx drivers can have highly specific + configuration files to control their behavior. In most + cases, these files do not need to be modified. + + + + + + More information in how to configure and customize the X print server can be found in the + Xprt__appmansuffix__ + manual page. + + + + + STARTING UP + + The summary checklist for starting the X Print Service is as follows: + + + + + Choose an execution model for the X Print Service. The X + Print Service can be run on a per-user session basis, per + machine basis, or can be run on a few machines globally + available to a number of users. + + + + + If print jobs are to be submitted to a spooler (almost always + the case), make sure all needed printers are available to the + spooler subsystem (most often lp1) + on the same machine running the X Print Service. + + + + + Configure the X Print Server. See ``X Print Server + Configuration''. + + + + + Depending on #1, start the X Print Server process "Xprt", and + then the toolkit-specific Print Dialog Manager Daemon process + (such as CDEnext's "dtpdmd") at the appropriate times. + Note that libXprintUtils-based applications/toolkits do not need + a Print Dialog Manager Daemon process to use Xprint. + + + + The details are described below. + + + Because the X Print Service is based on X, it can be easily distributed. + The most significant factors in which execution model to choose will be + driven by: + + + + how many printers will be accessable through the printer + subsystem on any given machine. A system administrator may + choose to cluster printers on a few given machines, or + scatter them across an organization and possibly make + extensive use of remote spoolers to make them globally + available. + + + + + how many machines will need a copy of the X Print Server + configuration files. The files have been architected so + that one super-set version of them can be maintained and + distributed (e.g. via NFS), and a per-machine or per-user + version of the `Xprinters' is all that is needed to have the + appropriate information in them utilized or ignored. + + + + + how many users can demand services from a given X Print + Service. + + + + + With the above in mind, some obvious execution models include: + + + + Global - in this model, the system administrator is choosing + to run the X Print Service on a *few* select machines with + appropriate printers configured, and allow clients access to + the global resource. This can centralize the administration + of printers and configuration files, but may have to be + monitored for performance loading. + + + Startup would likely be done by boot-up scripts (such as /etc/init.d/xprint). + + + + + + Per-machine - every machine with potential X Print Service + users would run the service. Printer and configuration file + administration is decentralized, and usage would be limited + to the users on the machine. + + + Startup would likely be done by boot-up scripts (such as /etc/init.d/xprint). + + + + + + Per-user session - every user would run an entire X Print + Service for themselves. In the future, the Video X Server + normally started may contain Print X Server capability, so + this model becomes very natural. + + + Startup would likely be done at session login or by + launching actions or processes manually once the user + logs in. Note: Deamons like "dtpdmd" must be started after Xprt. + + + + + + Starting of the processes is straight forward. In strict order (example is for manually starting the X print server for CDEnext usage): + + + + [machineA] % Xprt [-XpFile <Xprinters file>] [:dispNum] & + + + Note that Xprt will look for configuration files in either + a default location or where XPCONFIGDIR points. + + + specifies an alternate `Xprinters' file, rather + than the default one or `${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/Xprinters'. + + + + + [machineA] % dtpdmd -d machineA[:dispNum] [-l /tmp/dtpdmd.log] & + + + The dtpdmd will maintain an X-Selection on the X-Server, + and will start dtpdm's as required to service requests. + + + + + + In all but the per-user session model, the machine running the dtpdmd + (thus dtpdm's) will need display authorization to the users video + display. + + + + + CLIENT CONFIGURATION + + Once a X Print Server and dtpdmd have been started -- many of them + in some cases -- clients will need to find and use them. There are + two mechanisms that allow clients to discover X Print Servers and + printers. + + + + + "X Print Specifier" - assuming usage of the DtPrint/XprintUtils-based print + applications, the following notation is understood: + + + printer_name@machine[:dispNum] + + + For example: + + + colorlj7@printhub:2 + + + In the above example, the X Print Server running at `printhub:2' + is assumed to support the printer named `colorlj7'. + + + + + ${XPSERVERLIST} - assuming usage of the DtPrint print dialogs, + the environment variable ${XPSERVERLIST} can contain a list + of X Print Servers. For example: + + + XPSERVERLIST="printhub:2 printhub:3 otherdept:0" + + + Then in the dialogs, only a printer name needs to be entered. + The dialog will then search the X Print Servers in ${XPSERVERLIST} + for a server than supports the printer, and then establish + contact. + + + + + + + + END-USER SEQUENCE + + From most CDEnext applications, printing is accomplished by bringing + down the <File> menu and selecting <Print...>. This will result in + the DtPrintSetupBox dialog, which will request the name of a printer, + and offer limited capability to configure print options (e.g. number + of copies). If the user wishes, they can select <Setup...>, which + will start a dtpdm capable of modifying additional print options. + Finally, the user should select <Print>. + + + + + ENVIRONMENT + + + ${XPCONFIGDIR} + + This environment variable points to the root + of the Xprint server configuration directory hierarchy. + If the variable is not defined, the default + path is be assumed. The default path may be + /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xserver/, + /usr/lib/X11/xserver/, + /usr/share/Xprint/xserver/ or + /usr/openwin/server/etc/XpConfig, depending on the + system, and may be configured in /etc/init.d/xprint. + + + + + ${LANG} + + + This environment variable selects the locale settings used by the Xprint server. + Xprt allows language-specific settings (stored in ${XPCONFIGDIR}/${LANG}/print/) + which will override the default settings (stored in ${XPCONFIGDIR}/C/print/). + If ${LANG} is not set "C" is assumed. + + + + + + ${XPSERVERLIST} + + The environment variable ${XPSERVERLIST} contains a list + of display identifiers (separated by whitespace) which tell an + application where it can find the Xprint servers. Usually + ${XPSERVERLIST} is set by the profile startup scripts (e.g. + /etc/profile or /etc/profile.d/xprint.sh) using the output of + /etc/init.d/xprint get_xpserverlist. + Example: + + + export XPSERVERLIST="`/etc/init.d/xprint get_xpserverlist`" + + + Alternatively ${XPSERVERLIST} can be set + manually. Example: + + + export XPSERVERLIST="littlecat:80 bitdog:72" + + + instructs an application to find an Xprint server at display + 80 on the machine "littlecat" and at display 72 on the + machine bigdog. + + + + + + ${XPRINTER} + + + The environment variable ${XPRINTER} + defines the default printer used by print + applications. The syntax is either + printername or + printername@display. + Examples: + + + XPRINTER=ps003 + + tells an application to look for the + first printer named "ps003" on all Xprint + servers. + + + + + + XPRINTER=hplaser19@littlecat:80 + + tells an application to use the printer "hplaser19" + on the Xprint server at display + "littlecat:80". + + + + + + If ${XPRINTER} is not set the applications + will examine the values of the ${PDPRINTER}, + ${LPDEST}, and + ${PRINTER} environment variables (in that order). + + + + + + + + SEE ALSO + + + + + + + + X11__miscmansuffix__ + xplsprinters__appmansuffix__ + xprehashprinterlist__appmansuffix__ + xphelloworld__appmansuffix__ + xpxmhelloworld__appmansuffix__ + xpawhelloworld__appmansuffix__ + xpxthelloworld__appmansuffix__ + xpsimplehelloworld__appmansuffix__ + Xserver__appmansuffix__ + Xprt__appmansuffix__ + + libXp__libmansuffix__ + libXprintUtils__libmansuffix__ + libXprintAppUtils__libmansuffix__ + XmPrintShell__libmansuffix__ + XawPrintShell__libmansuffix__ + Xprint FAQ (http://xprint.mozdev.org/docs/Xprint_FAQ.html) + Xprint main site (http://xprint.mozdev.org/) + + + + + + AUTHORS + + This manual page was written by + Roland Mainz roland.mainz@nrubsig.org based on the original X11R6.6 + xc/programs/Xserver/XpConfig/README. + + + + -- cgit v1.2.3