initial import of NetBSD tree

1 files changed, 741 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sbin/newfs/newfs.c b/sbin/newfs/newfs.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6fdaf7d90a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sbin/newfs/newfs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,741 @@
+/*	$NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.19 1995/06/28 02:21:02 thorpej Exp $	*/
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+ *    must display the following acknowledgement:
+ *	This product includes software developed by the University of
+ *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+ * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef lint
+static char copyright[] =
+"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\n\
+	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#ifndef lint
+#if 0
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c	8.8 (Berkeley) 4/18/94";
+#else
+static char rcsid[] = "$NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.19 1995/06/28 02:21:02 thorpej Exp $";
+#endif
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+/*
+ * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
+ */
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/disklabel.h>
+#include <sys/file.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+
+#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
+#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <paths.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <syslog.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#if __STDC__
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#else
+#include <varargs.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "mntopts.h"
+
+struct mntopt mopts[] = {
+	MOPT_STDOPTS,
+	MOPT_ASYNC,
+	{ NULL },
+};
+
+#if __STDC__
+void	fatal(const char *fmt, ...);
+#else
+void	fatal();
+#endif
+
+int	getmaxpartitions __P((void));
+
+#define	COMPAT			/* allow non-labeled disks */
+
+/*
+ * The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes.
+ * Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints:
+ *	MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE
+ *	sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE
+ *	DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8
+ */
+#define	DFL_FRAGSIZE	1024
+#define	DFL_BLKSIZE	8192
+
+/*
+ * Cylinder groups may have up to many cylinders. The actual
+ * number used depends upon how much information can be stored
+ * on a single cylinder. The default is to use 16 cylinders
+ * per group.
+ */
+#define	DESCPG		16	/* desired fs_cpg */
+
+/*
+ * ROTDELAY gives the minimum number of milliseconds to initiate
+ * another disk transfer on the same cylinder. It is used in
+ * determining the rotationally optimal layout for disk blocks
+ * within a file; the default of fs_rotdelay is 0ms.
+ */
+#define ROTDELAY	0
+
+/*
+ * MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are
+ * placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect
+ * block worth of data blocks.
+ */
+#define MAXBLKPG(bsize)	((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t))
+
+/*
+ * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
+ * We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this
+ * to be far more than we will ever need.
+ */
+#define	NFPI		4
+
+/*
+ * For each cylinder we keep track of the availability of blocks at different
+ * rotational positions, so that we can lay out the data to be picked
+ * up with minimum rotational latency.  NRPOS is the default number of
+ * rotational positions that we distinguish.  With NRPOS of 8 the resolution
+ * of our summary information is 2ms for a typical 3600 rpm drive.  Caching
+ * and zoning pretty much defeats rotational optimization, so we now use a
+ * default of 1.
+ */
+#define	NRPOS		1	/* number distinct rotational positions */
+
+
+int	mfs;			/* run as the memory based filesystem */
+int	Nflag;			/* run without writing file system */
+int	Oflag;			/* format as an 4.3BSD file system */
+int	fssize;			/* file system size */
+int	ntracks;		/* # tracks/cylinder */
+int	nsectors;		/* # sectors/track */
+int	nphyssectors;		/* # sectors/track including spares */
+int	secpercyl;		/* sectors per cylinder */
+int	trackspares = -1;	/* spare sectors per track */
+int	cylspares = -1;		/* spare sectors per cylinder */
+int	sectorsize;		/* bytes/sector */
+#ifdef tahoe
+int	realsectorsize;		/* bytes/sector in hardware */
+#endif
+int	rpm;			/* revolutions/minute of drive */
+int	interleave;		/* hardware sector interleave */
+int	trackskew = -1;		/* sector 0 skew, per track */
+int	headswitch;		/* head switch time, usec */
+int	trackseek;		/* track-to-track seek, usec */
+int	fsize = 0;		/* fragment size */
+int	bsize = 0;		/* block size */
+int	cpg = DESCPG;		/* cylinders/cylinder group */
+int	cpgflg;			/* cylinders/cylinder group flag was given */
+int	minfree = MINFREE;	/* free space threshold */
+int	opt = DEFAULTOPT;	/* optimization preference (space or time) */
+int	density;		/* number of bytes per inode */
+int	maxcontig = 8;		/* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
+int	rotdelay = ROTDELAY;	/* rotational delay between blocks */
+int	maxbpg;			/* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
+int	nrpos = NRPOS;		/* # of distinguished rotational positions */
+int	bbsize = BBSIZE;	/* boot block size */
+int	sbsize = SBSIZE;	/* superblock size */
+int	mntflags = MNT_ASYNC;	/* flags to be passed to mount */
+u_long	memleft;		/* virtual memory available */
+caddr_t	membase;		/* start address of memory based filesystem */
+#ifdef COMPAT
+char	*disktype;
+int	unlabeled;
+#endif
+
+char	device[MAXPATHLEN];
+char	*progname;
+
+int
+main(argc, argv)
+	int argc;
+	char *argv[];
+{
+	extern char *optarg;
+	extern int optind;
+	register int ch;
+	register struct partition *pp;
+	register struct disklabel *lp;
+	struct disklabel mfsfakelabel;
+	struct disklabel *getdisklabel();
+	struct partition oldpartition;
+	struct stat st;
+	struct statfs *mp;
+	int fsi, fso, len, n, maxpartitions;
+	char *cp, *s1, *s2, *special, *opstring, buf[BUFSIZ];
+
+	if (progname = strrchr(*argv, '/'))
+		++progname;
+	else
+		progname = *argv;
+
+	if (strstr(progname, "mfs")) {
+		mfs = 1;
+		Nflag++;
+	}
+
+	maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions();
+	if (maxpartitions > 26)
+		fatal("insane maxpartitions value %d", maxpartitions);
+
+	opstring = mfs ?
+	    "NT:a:b:c:d:e:f:i:m:o:s:" :
+	    "NOS:T:a:b:c:d:e:f:i:k:l:m:n:o:p:r:s:t:u:x:";
+	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != EOF)
+		switch (ch) {
+		case 'N':
+			Nflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'O':
+			Oflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'S':
+			if ((sectorsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg);
+			break;
+#ifdef COMPAT
+		case 'T':
+			disktype = optarg;
+			break;
+#endif
+		case 'a':
+			if ((maxcontig = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad maximum contiguous blocks\n",
+				    optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'b':
+			if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
+				fatal("%s: bad block size", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'c':
+			if ((cpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad cylinders/group", optarg);
+			cpgflg++;
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			if ((rotdelay = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad rotational delay\n", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'e':
+			if ((maxbpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+		fatal("%s: bad blocks per file in a cylinder group\n",
+				    optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'f':
+			if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad fragment size", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'i':
+			if ((density = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad bytes per inode\n", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'k':
+			if ((trackskew = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad track skew", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'l':
+			if ((interleave = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad interleave", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'm':
+			if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
+				fatal("%s: bad free space %%\n", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'n':
+			if ((nrpos = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad rotational layout count\n",
+				    optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'o':
+			if (mfs)
+				getmntopts(optarg, mopts, &mntflags);
+			else {
+				if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
+					opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
+				else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
+					opt = FS_OPTTIME;
+				else
+	fatal("%s: unknown optimization preference: use `space' or `time'.");
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			if ((trackspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per track",
+				    optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'r':
+			if ((rpm = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad revolutions/minute\n", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 's':
+			if ((fssize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad file system size", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 't':
+			if ((ntracks = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad total tracks", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'u':
+			if ((nsectors = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad sectors/track", optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'x':
+			if ((cylspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
+				fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per cylinder",
+				    optarg);
+			break;
+		case '?':
+		default:
+			usage();
+		}
+	argc -= optind;
+	argv += optind;
+
+	if (argc != 2 && (mfs || argc != 1))
+		usage();
+
+	special = argv[0];
+	if (mfs && !strcmp(special, "swap")) {
+		/*
+		 * it's an MFS, mounted on "swap."  fake up a label.
+		 * XXX XXX XXX
+		 */
+		fso = -1;	/* XXX; normally done below. */
+
+		memset(&mfsfakelabel, 0, sizeof(mfsfakelabel));
+		mfsfakelabel.d_secsize = 512;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_nsectors = 64;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_ntracks = 16;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_ncylinders = 16;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_secpercyl = 1024;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_secperunit = 16384;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_rpm = 3600;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_interleave = 1;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_npartitions = 1;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_size = 16384;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_fsize = 1024;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_frag = 8;
+		mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_cpg = 16;
+
+		lp = &mfsfakelabel;
+		pp = &mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0];
+
+		goto havelabel;
+	}
+	cp = strrchr(special, '/');
+	if (cp == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * No path prefix; try /dev/r%s then /dev/%s.
+		 */
+		(void)sprintf(device, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
+		if (stat(device, &st) == -1)
+			(void)sprintf(device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
+		special = device;
+	}
+	if (Nflag) {
+		fso = -1;
+	} else {
+		fso = open(special, O_WRONLY);
+		if (fso < 0)
+			fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
+
+		/* Bail if target special is mounted */
+		n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT);
+		if (n == 0)
+			fatal("%s: getmntinfo: %s", special, strerror(errno));
+
+		len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
+		s1 = special;
+		if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0)
+			s1 += len;
+
+		while (--n >= 0) {
+			s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
+			if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) {
+				s2 += len - 1;
+				*s2 = 'r';
+			}
+			if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0)
+				fatal("%s is mounted on %s",
+				    special, mp->f_mntonname);
+			++mp;
+		}
+	}
+	if (mfs && disktype != NULL) {
+		lp = (struct disklabel *)getdiskbyname(disktype);
+		if (lp == NULL)
+			fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
+		pp = &lp->d_partitions[1];
+	} else {
+		fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY);
+		if (fsi < 0)
+			fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
+		if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0)
+			fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
+		if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && !mfs)
+			printf("%s: %s: not a character-special device\n",
+			    progname, special);
+		cp = strchr(argv[0], '\0') - 1;
+		if (cp == 0 || (*cp < 'a' || *cp > ('a' + maxpartitions - 1))
+		    && !isdigit(*cp))
+			fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition",
+			    argv[0]);
+#ifdef COMPAT
+		if (!mfs && disktype == NULL)
+			disktype = argv[1];
+#endif
+		lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi);
+		if (isdigit(*cp))
+			pp = &lp->d_partitions[0];
+		else
+			pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
+		if (pp->p_size == 0)
+			fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable",
+			    argv[0], *cp);
+		if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BOOT)
+			fatal("%s: `%c' partition overlaps boot program",
+			      argv[0], *cp);
+	}
+havelabel:
+	if (fssize == 0)
+		fssize = pp->p_size;
+	if (fssize > pp->p_size && !mfs)
+	       fatal("%s: maximum file system size on the `%c' partition is %d",
+			argv[0], *cp, pp->p_size);
+	if (rpm == 0) {
+		rpm = lp->d_rpm;
+		if (rpm <= 0)
+			rpm = 3600;
+	}
+	if (ntracks == 0) {
+		ntracks = lp->d_ntracks;
+		if (ntracks <= 0)
+			fatal("%s: no default #tracks", argv[0]);
+	}
+	if (nsectors == 0) {
+		nsectors = lp->d_nsectors;
+		if (nsectors <= 0)
+			fatal("%s: no default #sectors/track", argv[0]);
+	}
+	if (sectorsize == 0) {
+		sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
+		if (sectorsize <= 0)
+			fatal("%s: no default sector size", argv[0]);
+	}
+	if (trackskew == -1) {
+		trackskew = lp->d_trackskew;
+		if (trackskew < 0)
+			trackskew = 0;
+	}
+	if (interleave == 0) {
+		interleave = lp->d_interleave;
+		if (interleave <= 0)
+			interleave = 1;
+	}
+	if (fsize == 0) {
+		fsize = pp->p_fsize;
+		if (fsize <= 0)
+			fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, lp->d_secsize);
+	}
+	if (bsize == 0) {
+		bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize;
+		if (bsize <= 0)
+			bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks
+	 * that may be allocated sequentially. With filesystem clustering
+	 * it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum
+	 * transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering.
+	 */
+	if (maxcontig == 0)
+		maxcontig = MAX(1, MIN(MAXPHYS, MAXBSIZE) / bsize - 1);
+	if (density == 0)
+		density = NFPI * fsize;
+	if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
+		fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE);
+		opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
+	}
+	if (trackspares == -1) {
+		trackspares = lp->d_sparespertrack;
+		if (trackspares < 0)
+			trackspares = 0;
+	}
+	nphyssectors = nsectors + trackspares;
+	if (cylspares == -1) {
+		cylspares = lp->d_sparespercyl;
+		if (cylspares < 0)
+			cylspares = 0;
+	}
+	secpercyl = nsectors * ntracks - cylspares;
+	if (secpercyl != lp->d_secpercyl)
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d) %s (%lu)\n",
+			"Warning: calculated sectors per cylinder", secpercyl,
+			"disagrees with disk label", lp->d_secpercyl);
+	if (maxbpg == 0)
+		maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize);
+	headswitch = lp->d_headswitch;
+	trackseek = lp->d_trkseek;
+#ifdef notdef /* label may be 0 if faked up by kernel */
+	bbsize = lp->d_bbsize;
+	sbsize = lp->d_sbsize;
+#endif
+	oldpartition = *pp;
+#ifdef tahoe
+	realsectorsize = sectorsize;
+	if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) {		/* XXX */
+		int secperblk = DEV_BSIZE / sectorsize;
+
+		sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
+		nsectors /= secperblk;
+		nphyssectors /= secperblk;
+		secpercyl /= secperblk;
+		fssize /= secperblk;
+		pp->p_size /= secperblk;
+	}
+#endif
+	mkfs(pp, special, fsi, fso);
+#ifdef tahoe
+	if (realsectorsize != DEV_BSIZE)
+		pp->p_size *= DEV_BSIZE / realsectorsize;
+#endif
+	if (!Nflag && memcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition)))
+		rewritelabel(special, fso, lp);
+	if (!Nflag)
+		close(fso);
+	close(fsi);
+#ifdef MFS
+	if (mfs) {
+		struct mfs_args args;
+
+		sprintf(buf, "mfs:%d", getpid());
+		args.fspec = buf;
+		args.export.ex_root = -2;
+		if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY)
+			args.export.ex_flags = MNT_EXRDONLY;
+		else
+			args.export.ex_flags = 0;
+		args.base = membase;
+		args.size = fssize * sectorsize;
+		if (mount(MOUNT_MFS, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0)
+			fatal("%s: %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
+	}
+#endif
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+#ifdef COMPAT
+char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified";
+#else
+char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label";
+#endif
+
+struct disklabel *
+getdisklabel(s, fd)
+	char *s;
+	int fd;
+{
+	static struct disklabel lab;
+
+	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) {
+#ifdef COMPAT
+		if (disktype) {
+			struct disklabel *lp, *getdiskbyname();
+
+			unlabeled++;
+			lp = getdiskbyname(disktype);
+			if (lp == NULL)
+				fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
+			return (lp);
+		}
+#endif
+		warn("ioctl (GDINFO)");
+		fatal(lmsg, s);
+	}
+	return (&lab);
+}
+
+rewritelabel(s, fd, lp)
+	char *s;
+	int fd;
+	register struct disklabel *lp;
+{
+#ifdef COMPAT
+	if (unlabeled)
+		return;
+#endif
+	lp->d_checksum = 0;
+	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
+	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) {
+		warn("ioctl (WDINFO)");
+		fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s);
+	}
+#if vax
+	if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) {
+		register i;
+		int cfd;
+		daddr_t alt;
+		char specname[64];
+		char blk[1024];
+		char *cp;
+
+		/*
+		 * Make name for 'c' partition.
+		 */
+		strcpy(specname, s);
+		cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1;
+		if (!isdigit(*cp))
+			*cp = 'c';
+		cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY);
+		if (cfd < 0)
+			fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno));
+		memset(blk, 0, sizeof(blk));
+		*(struct disklabel *)(blk + LABELOFFSET) = *lp;
+		alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors;
+		for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
+			off_t offset;
+
+			offset = alt + i;
+			offset *= lp->d_secsize;
+			if (lseek(cfd, offset, SEEK_SET) == -1)
+				fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s",
+				    strerror(errno));
+			if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize)
+				warn("alternate label %d write", i/2);
+		}
+		close(cfd);
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+/*VARARGS*/
+void
+#if __STDC__
+fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
+#else
+fatal(fmt, va_alist)
+	char *fmt;
+	va_dcl
+#endif
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+#if __STDC__
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+#else
+	va_start(ap);
+#endif
+	if (fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_GETFL) < 0) {
+		openlog(progname, LOG_CONS, LOG_DAEMON);
+		vsyslog(LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
+		closelog();
+	} else {
+		vwarnx(fmt, ap);
+	}
+	va_end(ap);
+	exit(1);
+	/*NOTREACHED*/
+}
+
+int
+getmaxpartitions()
+{
+	int maxpart, mib[2];
+	size_t varlen;
+
+	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
+	mib[1] = KERN_MAXPARTITIONS;
+	varlen = sizeof(maxpart);
+	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &maxpart, &varlen, NULL, 0) < 0)
+		fatal("getmaxpartitions: %s", strerror(errno));
+
+	return (maxpart);
+}
+
+usage()
+{
+	if (mfs) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device mount-point\n",
+			progname);
+	} else
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
+		    progname,
+#ifdef COMPAT
+		    " [device-type]");
+#else
+		    "");
+#endif
+	fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
+	fprintf(stderr,
+	    "\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-O create a 4.3BSD format filesystem\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
+#ifdef COMPAT
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
+#endif
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-c cylinders/group\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-d rotational delay between contiguous blocks\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-k sector 0 skew, per track\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-l hardware sector interleave\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of distinguished rotational positions\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-p spare sectors per track\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-r revolutions/minute\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-t tracks/cylinder\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "\t-x spare sectors per cylinder\n");
+	exit(1);
+}