sync with ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzdata2000d.tar.gz, ok millert@

1 files changed, 166 insertions, 78 deletions

diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/asia b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/asia
index 23047d52293..6d9f5172fe6 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/asia
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/asia
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# @(#)asia	7.42
+# @(#)asia	7.55
 
 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@
 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
 #
 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (4th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1995).
-# Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below.
+# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
 #
-# Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source
+# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@
 # I found in the UCLA library.
 #
 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
-# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Antique Collectors Club (1997).
+# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
 #
 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
@@ -78,23 +77,20 @@ Zone	Asia/Kabul	4:36:48 -	LMT	1890
 			4:30	-	AFT
 
 # Armenia
-# From Paul Eggert (1998-??-??):
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
 # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
-# but usno1995 has Armenia at 4:00 (with DST), and Edgar Der-Danieliantz
+# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997.
+# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others.  Edgar Der-Danieliantz
 # <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
 # in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995.  IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
 # Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
 # but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
-# What a mess!  We guess Yerevan DST stayed in sync with Moscow between 1990
-# and 1995, did not use DST in 1996, and started using DST again in 1997.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Yerevan	2:58:00 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			3:00	-	YERT	1957 Mar    # Yerevan Time
 			4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
 			3:00	1:00	YERST	1991 Sep 23 # independence
-			3:00	1:00	AMST	1991 Sep 29 2:00s # Armenia Time
-			3:00	-	AMT	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
-			4:00 RussiaAsia	AM%sT	1996
+			3:00 RussiaAsia	AM%sT	1995 Sep 24 2:00s
 			4:00	-	AMT	1997
 			4:00 RussiaAsia	AM%sT			
 
@@ -190,7 +186,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Phnom_Penh	6:59:40 -	LMT	1906 Jun  9
 # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
 # Go with Shanks for now.  I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.
 
-# From Shanks (1995):
+# From Shanks:
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Shang	1940	only	-	Jun	 3	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Shang	1940	1941	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
@@ -238,15 +234,14 @@ Rule	HK	1979	1980	-	May	Sun>=8	3:30	1:00	S
 Rule	HK	1979	1980	-	Oct	Sun>=16	3:30	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Hong_Kong	7:36:36 -	LMT	1904 Oct 30
-			8:00	HK	HK%sT	1997 Jul  1 # return to China
-			8:00	PRC	C%sT
+			8:00	HK	HK%sT
 
 
 ###############################################################################
 
 # Taiwan
 
-# Shanks (1995) writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
+# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
 # was still controlled by Japan.  This is hard to believe, but we don't
 # have any other information.
 
@@ -330,6 +325,14 @@ Zone	Asia/Tbilisi	2:59:16 -	LMT	1880
 			4:00	1:00	GEST	1997 Mar lastSun
 			4:00 E-EurAsia	GE%sT
 
+# East Timor
+# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+Zone	Asia/Dili	8:22:20 -	LMT	1912
+			8:00	-	TPT	1942 Feb 21 23:00
+			9:00	-	JST	1945 Aug
+			9:00	-	TPT	1976 May  3
+			8:00	-	TPT	# East Timor Time
+
 # India
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Calcutta	5:53:28 -	LMT	1880
@@ -346,7 +349,9 @@ Zone	Asia/Calcutta	5:53:28 -	LMT	1880
 # Indonesia
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Asia/Jakarta	7:07:12 -	LMT	1867 Aug 10
-			7:07:12	-	JMT	1924 Jan  1 0:13 # Jakarta MT
+# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
+# but this must be a typo.
+			7:07:12	-	JMT	1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
 			7:20	-	JAVT	1932 Nov	 # Java Time
 			7:30	-	JAVT	1942 Mar 23
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Aug
@@ -365,10 +370,10 @@ Zone Asia/Jayapura	9:22:48 -	LMT	1932 Nov
 			9:00	-	JAYT
 
 # Iran
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-12-17), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales:
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales:
 # Ahmea Alavi in
 # <a href="http://tehran.stanford.edu/Iran_Lib/Calendar/taghveem.txt">
-# TAGHVEEM (1993-08-04)
+# TAGHVEEM (1993-07-12)
 # </a>
 # writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day
 # of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.''  This disagrees with the SSIM:
@@ -382,6 +387,10 @@ Zone Asia/Jayapura	9:22:48 -	LMT	1932 Nov
 #	1995	03-21	03-21	09-22!= 09-23
 #	1996	03-21!=	03-20	09-21!= 09-22
 #	1997	03-21	03-21	09-21!= 09-23
+#	1998	03-21	03-21	09-21!= 09-23
+#	1999	03-22!=	03-21	09-22!= 09-23
+#	2000	03-21!=	03-20	09-21!= 09-22
+#	2001	03-17!=	03-21	09-19!= 09-23
 #
 # Go with Alavi starting with 1992.
 # I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates.
@@ -455,6 +464,7 @@ Rule	Iraq	1984	1985	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Iraq	1985	1990	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
 Rule	Iraq	1986	1990	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	D
 # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
+# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this.
 Rule	Iraq	1991	max	-	Apr	 1	3:00s	1:00	D
 Rule	Iraq	1991	max	-	Oct	 1	3:00s	0	D
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -472,7 +482,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Baghdad	2:57:40	-	LMT	1890
 # ISRAEL              2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
 # ISRAEL              3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 10 - SEP 3
 
-# From Shanks (1995):
+# From Shanks:
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Zion	1940	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Zion	1942	1944	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	S
@@ -516,7 +526,7 @@ Rule	Zion	1988	only	-	Apr	 9	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Zion	1988	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
 
 # From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il>
-# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16 and 1998-12-28):
+# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, and 2000-01-17):
 
 # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
 # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
@@ -530,7 +540,11 @@ Rule	Zion	1988	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
 # conflicts with the Jewish New Year.  Starting in 1999, the change to
 # daylight savings time will still be on a Friday morning but from
 # 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
-# will now also be on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST.
+# will now also be on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
+# 1999 only.  In the years from 2000 to 2002, the change back will be from
+# 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST the morning after the Jewish festival of
+# Shmini Atzeret (i.e. the morning of the 23rd of Tishrei in the lunar
+# Hebrew calendar).
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Zion	1989	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
@@ -578,18 +592,29 @@ Rule	Zion	1998	only	-	Sep	 6	0:00	0	S
 Rule	Zion	1999	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Zion	1999	only	-	Sep	 3	2:00	0	S
 
-# Due to imminent elections in 1999, there are no dates for the year 2000
-# and beyond.  There was a move to legislate the DST rules in Israel, but
-# due to the government's fall, it most likely won't be brought to the Knesset
-# for first reading before the elections and will probably be altered by the
-# newly elected government.
+# Minister of Interior, Natan Sharansky, has announced the dates for
+# the years 2000-2002.  However, sources inside the ministry have noted
+# that the end date of 2000 and both dates of 2001-2002 should be regarded
+# as tentative pending final approval.
+#
+# The official announcement for the years 2000-2002 can be viewed at:
+#
+#	ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2002.ps.gz
 
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-01-30):
-# Here are guesses for rules after 1999.
+# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
+Rule	Zion	2000	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Zion	2000	only	-	Oct	22	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Zion	2001	only	-	Apr	 6	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Zion	2001	only	-	Oct	10	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Zion	2002	only	-	Mar	29	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Zion	2002	only	-	Sep	29	2:00	0	S
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-17):
+# Here are guesses for rules after 2002.
 # They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all.
 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
-Rule	Zion	2000	max	-	Apr	Fri>=1	2:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Zion	2000	max	-	Sep	Fri>=1	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Zion	2003	max	-	Mar	Fri>=25	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Zion	2003	max	-	Oct	 1	2:00	0	S
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Jerusalem	2:20:56 -	LMT	1880
@@ -648,6 +673,20 @@ Zone	Asia/Tokyo	9:18:59	-	LMT	1887 Dec 31 15:00u
 # Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
 
 # Jordan
+#
+# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
+# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
+# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
+# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
+# all year round.
+#
+# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
+# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
+# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
+# by one hour.  This is the latest government decision and it's final!
+# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
+# government's departments from six to seven hours.
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule    Jordan	1973	only	-	Jun	6	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule    Jordan	1973	1975	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
@@ -666,9 +705,12 @@ Rule    Jordan	1991	only	-	Apr	17	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule    Jordan	1991	only	-	Sep	27	0:00	0	-
 Rule    Jordan	1992	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule    Jordan	1992	1993	-	Oct	Fri>=1	0:00	0	-
-Rule    Jordan	1993	max	-	Apr	Fri>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule    Jordan	1993	1998	-	Apr	Fri>=1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule    Jordan	1994	only	-	Sep	Fri>=15	0:00	0	-
-Rule    Jordan	1995	max	-	Sep	Fri>=15	0:00s	0	-
+Rule    Jordan	1995	1998	-	Sep	Fri>=15	0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Jordan	1999	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Jordan	1999	max	-	Sep	lastThu	0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Jordan	2000	max	-	Mar	lastThu	0:00s	1:00	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Amman	2:23:44 -	LMT	1931
 			2:00	Jordan	EE%sT
@@ -703,16 +745,17 @@ Zone	Asia/Aqtau	3:21:04	-	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Aktau
 			4:00 E-EurAsia	AQT%sT
 
 # Kirgizstan
+# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Kirgiz	1992	1996	-	Apr	Sun>=7	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Kirgiz	1991	1996	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Kirgiz	1992	1996	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Kirgiz	1997	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:30	1:00	S
 Rule	Kirgiz	1997	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:30	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Bishkek	4:58:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			5:00	-	FRUT	1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
 			6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
-			5:00	1:00	FRUST	1991 Aug 31 # independence
+			5:00	1:00	FRUST	1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
 			5:00	Kirgiz	KG%sT		    # Kirgizstan Time
 
 ###############################################################################
@@ -724,7 +767,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Bishkek	4:58:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 # Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987.  He did not know
 # at what time of day DST starts or ends.
 
-# From Shanks (1995):
+# From Shanks:
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	ROK	1960	only	-	May	15	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	ROK	1960	only	-	Sep	13	0:00	0	S
@@ -787,7 +830,8 @@ Rule	Lebanon	1989	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lebanon	1990	1992	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lebanon	1992	only	-	Oct	4	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Lebanon	1993	max	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Lebanon	1993	max	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Lebanon	1993	1998	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Lebanon	1999	max	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Beirut	2:22:00 -	LMT	1880
 			2:00	Lebanon	EE%sT
@@ -819,31 +863,62 @@ Zone	Indian/Maldives	4:54:00 -	LMT	1880	# Male
 			5:00	-	MVT		# Maldives Time
 
 # Mongolia
+
 # Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map
 # Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01)
-# </a>
 # both say that it has just one.
-# Let's comment out the western and eastern Mongolian time zones
-# till we know what their principal towns are.
+
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
+# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
+# General Information Mongolia
+# </a> (1999-09)
+# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
+# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
+# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
+# eight hours."
+
+# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
+# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
+# being the last year it was implemented.  The dates of implementation I am
+# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
+# of implementation may have been different....
+# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
+# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
+# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
+# For now, we'll comment out the east zone (Choybalsan)
+# and use Shanks's and the IATA's data for the daylight-saving rules.
+# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
+# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
+# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
+# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
+# is good enough for our purposes.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Mongol	1981	1984	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Mongol	1981	1984	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Mongol	1985	1990	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Mongol	1985	1990	-	Sep	lastSun	3:00	0	-
-Rule	Mongol	1991	max	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Mongol	1991	1998	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Mongol	1991	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Mongol	1996	only	-	Oct	Fri>=22	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Mongol	1997	max	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
+# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25; go with Shanks.
+Rule	Mongol	1996	only	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Mongol	1997	1998	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
+# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-#Zone	Asia/Dariv	6:14:32 -	LMT	1905 Aug
-#			6:00	-	DART	1978	# Dariv Time
-#			7:00	Mongol	DAR%sT
-Zone	Asia/Ulan_Bator	7:07:32 -	LMT	1905 Aug
-			7:00	-	ULAT	1978	# Ulan Bator Time
+Zone	Asia/Hovd	6:06:36 -	LMT	1905 Aug
+			6:00	-	HOVT	1978	# Hovd Time
+			7:00	Mongol	HOV%sT
+Zone	Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 -	LMT	1905 Aug
+			7:00	-	ULAT	1978	# Ulaanbaatar Time
 			8:00	Mongol	ULA%sT
-#Zone Asia/Baruun-Urt	7:33:00 -	LMT	1905 Aug
-#			8:00	-	BART	1978	# Baruun-Urt Time
-#			9:00	Mongol	BAR%sT
+# We're not sure about this entry yet, so we'll omit it for now.
+#Zone Asia/Choybalsan	7:38:00 -	LMT	1905 Aug
+#			8:00	-	CHOT	1978	# Choybalsan Time
+#			9:00	Mongol	CHO%sT	19??
+#			8:00	Mongol	ULA%sT
 
 # Nepal
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -929,7 +1004,17 @@ Zone	Asia/Karachi	4:28:12 -	LMT	1907
 # one-hour forward at this time.  As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
 # the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
 
-# These rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
+# Daoud Kuttab writes in
+# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
+# Holiday havoc
+# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
+# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
+# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
+# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
+# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
+
+# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule EgyptAsia	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule EgyptAsia	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
@@ -937,18 +1022,23 @@ Rule EgyptAsia	1958	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule EgyptAsia	1959	1967	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S
 Rule EgyptAsia	1959	1965	-	Sep	30	3:00	0	-
 Rule EgyptAsia	1966	only	-	Oct	 1	3:00	0	-
+
+Rule Palestine	1999	max	-	Apr	Fri>=15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule Palestine	1999	max	-	Oct	Fri>=15	0:00	0	-
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Gaza	2:17:52	-	LMT	1900 Oct
 			2:00	Zion	EET	1948 May 15
 			2:00 EgyptAsia	EE%sT	1967 Jun  5
 			2:00	Zion	I%sT	1996
-			2:00	Jordan	EE%sT
+			2:00	Jordan	EE%sT	1999
+			2:00 Palestine	EE%sT
 
 # Paracel Is
 # no information
 
 # Philippines
-# Howse writes that until 1844 the Philippines kept American date.
+# Howse writes (p 153) that until 1844 the Philippines kept American date.
 # The rest of this data is from Shanks.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Phil	1936	only	-	Nov	1	0:00	1:00	S
@@ -992,12 +1082,11 @@ Zone	Asia/Singapore	6:55:24 -	LMT	1880
 
 # Sri Lanka
 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
-# <a href="http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html">
-# Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout (1996-05-24)
-# </a>
+# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
+# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
+# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
-# Transitions before 1996 are from Shanks (1995).
 #
 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
 # by Shamindra in
@@ -1047,22 +1136,25 @@ Rule	Syria	1991	1992	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Syria	1992	only	-	Apr	 8	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Syria	1993	only	-	Mar	26	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Syria	1993	only	-	Sep	25	0:00	0	-
-# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1997-03-31; (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
-# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; ignore all these claims for now.
-Rule	Syria	1994	max	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
+# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
+# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
+# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks.
+Rule	Syria	1994	1996	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Syria	1994	max	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Syria	1997	1998	-	Mar	lastMon	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Syria	1999	max	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Damascus	2:25:12 -	LMT	1920
 			2:00	Syria	EE%sT
 
 # Tajikistan
-# From Shanks (1995), who writes ``date of change uncertain'' for 1991.
+# From Shanks.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Dushanbe	4:35:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			5:00	-	DUST	1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
 			6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
-			5:00	1:00	DUSST	1991 Sep  9 # independence
-			5:00 RussiaAsia	TJ%sT	1992
+			5:00	1:00	DUSST	1991 Sep  9 2:00s
 			5:00	-	TJT		    # Tajikistan Time
 
 # Thailand
@@ -1072,16 +1164,13 @@ Zone	Asia/Bangkok	6:42:04	-	LMT	1880
 			7:00	-	ICT
 
 # Turkmenistan
-# From Shanks (1995):
+# From Shanks.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Ashkhabad	3:53:32 -	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Ashgabat
 			4:00	-	ASHT	1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
-			5:00	-	ASHT	1981 Apr  1
-			5:00	1:00	ASHST	1981 Oct  1
-			6:00	-	ASHT	1982 Apr  1
-			5:00 RussiaAsia	ASH%sT	1991
-			5:00	-	ASHT	1991 Oct 27 # independence
-			5:00 RussiaAsia	TM%sT	1993	# Turkmenistan Time
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	ASH%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00
+			4:00 RussiaAsia	ASH%sT	1991 Oct 27 # independence
+			4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT	1992 Jan 19 2:00
 			5:00	-	TMT
 
 # United Arab Emirates
@@ -1090,22 +1179,21 @@ Zone	Asia/Dubai	3:41:12 -	LMT	1920
 			4:00	-	GST
 
 # Uzbekistan
-# From Shanks (1995):
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Samarkand	4:27:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			4:00	-	SAMT	1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
 			5:00	-	SAMT	1981 Apr  1
 			5:00	1:00	SAMST	1981 Oct  1
 			6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time
-			5:00	-	TAST	1991 Sep  1 # independence
-			5:00	-	UZT	1992
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	TAS%sT	1991 Sep  1 # independence
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	UZ%sT	1992
 			5:00 RussiaAsia	UZ%sT	1993
 			5:00	-	UZT
 Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			5:00	-	TAST	1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
 			6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
-			5:00	-	TAST	1991 Sep  1 # independence
-			5:00	-	UZT	1992
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	TAS%sT	1991 Sep  1 # independence
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	UZ%sT	1992
 			5:00 RussiaAsia	UZ%sT	1993
 			5:00	-	UZT
 
@@ -1113,7 +1201,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
 # Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
 # We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
-# From Shanks (1991):
+# From Shanks:
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Saigon	7:06:40 -	LMT	1906 Jun  9
 			7:06:20	-	SMT	1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?