diff options
| author | Ian Darwin <ian@cvs.openbsd.org> | 2010-07-01 02:32:44 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Ian Darwin <ian@cvs.openbsd.org> | 2010-07-01 02:32:44 +0000 |
| commit | 45ca25a442bb20327ed354e7d7e41562c1a44bd3 (patch) | |
| tree | d9a8046ae9e4128e860932712aa0331999b80bf5 /usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn | |
| parent | 4716bf471cde28d86c268064b1d84401ca0b7bd1 (diff) | |
Remove a long-dead skeleton found under the floorboards.
"go for it" tedu@, "kill it" deraadt@
Diffstat (limited to 'usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn')
78 files changed, 0 insertions, 2817 deletions
diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/Init b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/Init deleted file mode 100644 index 6e8313db101..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/Init +++ /dev/null @@ -1,14 +0,0 @@ -if test x$term != x -then - true - exit -fi -echo 'I need to know what kind of terminal you are using. -I will put you out of learn. Type these two commands - -term=xxx (where xxx is one of 300, 300S, 450, etc.) - (with no spaces!) -export term - -Then type "learn eqn" again.' -false diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L0 b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L0 deleted file mode 100644 index 4da00833205..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L0 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -#next -0.1a diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L0.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L0.1a deleted file mode 100644 index 865a9bafd7f..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L0.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,53 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.pl 1 -.ll 55 -WARNING: This course was written for UNIX in 1979, not 1999, -and has not yet been updated. Some details may be way out of date! -This course in particular may not work well on modern terminals/xterms! - -This script is designed to teach you the "eqn" language -for typing mathematics. -There are two versions of the program. "eqn" is for -use on the phototypesetter; "neqn" is for use on a -terminal like a DASI or GSI, or a Model 37 teletype. -The lessons are mostly written under the assumption -that you will be using neqn on a DASI or GSI or teletype; -a few things that are specific to eqn on the typesetter are -left to the end. - -The terminal MUST be a DASI or GSI or teletype, -or you will get some rather startling results -from this script. - -To verify that everything is working, this message -should come out with subscripts, superscripts, Greek -letters and so on. If it doesn't, we're in -trouble. -.sp -Summation sign: $ sum $ -.sp -Letter pi: $ pi $ -.sp -Subscript and superscript: $ x sub i ~=~ y sup j $ -.sp -If this looks ok, type yes. Otherwise, type no. -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn message | nroff -T$term -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#fail -Do you have the right kind of terminal? -If you are using a DASI or GSI, make -sure the switch labeled "PLOT" inside the cover -is set to ON. -If these fail, call for help; -otherwise type yes the next time. -#log -#next -1.1a diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1a deleted file mode 100644 index fbcee8d0f56..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,35 +0,0 @@ -#print -To properly print a file containing an equation, -you have to type a longer-than-usual command line. -If you are using a DASI or GSI, to print a file -"math" that contains mathematics, you must say - - neqn math | nroff -Txxx - -where "-Txxx" describes the terminal you are using. -This is usually one of - -T300 - -T300S - -T450 -It is very important that you get this line right. -If you don't, you'll not be happy with your output. - -In this directory is a file called "Example"; print -it properly, using whichever command line is -appropriate to your terminal. -Then type "ready". -#once #create Example -This is a little file that contains an -example of a subscript and superscript: -.ce -.EQ -a sub i + b sub i ~=~ c sub i sup 2 -.EN -.pl 1 -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -grep 'neqn Example *| *nroff -T' <.copy >/dev/null -#log -#next -1.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 60c00a68fd2..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,51 +0,0 @@ -#print -Most technical papers and memos consist of normal text -interspersed with occasional (or frequent) mathematical -expressions, such as the ones in the last lesson. -To tell neqn that something is mathematics, not normal -text, you must surround it by two "commands": - - A line that begins with - .EQ - marks the start of an expression. - - A line that begins with - .EN - marks the end of the expression. - -Thus, the lines -.EQ -x=y+1 -.EN -represent the equation - -x=y+1 - -The file "Example" in this directory has a line that contains -+ and - signs. Make that line into an equation -by adding .EQ and .EN before and after. -Print "Example" with neqn and nroff (and the appropriate -Txxx), -then type "ready". -#once #create Ref -This is a tiny little text -that includes one equation -or at least it will when you find this line: -.ce -.EQ -a = b + c - d -.EN -and convert it into an equation. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -This is a tiny little text -that includes one equation -or at least it will when you find this line: -.ce -a = b + c - d -and convert it into an equation. -.pl 1 -#user -#cmp Ref Example -#log -#next -1.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 77edb1f8399..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,39 +0,0 @@ -#print -It is usually wise to do your formatting with -the "-ms" macro package developed by Mike Lesk, since -it does a lot of dirty work for you without any effort -on your part. -One of the things "-ms" does is to arrange that equations -are "displayed" - that is, that they are neatly centered -and set off from the surrounding text. -Most of the "-ms" package is described in another script -called "macros", which you may have already learned. -For now, we need only know this much: to use "-ms" -with neqn, add "-ms" to your command line, right after -the word "nroff", like this - - neqn files... | nroff -ms -Txxx - -Notice where the "-ms" goes. - -In this directory is a file called "Example". -To prove that you can type the "-ms" in the right place, -print "Example" with "-ms", then type "ready". -#once #create Example -.PP -This is a tiny little text -that includes one equation -or at least it will when you find this line: -.EQ -x sub i = y sub i -.EN -and convert it into an equation. -(Naturally I changed it.) -.pl 1 -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -grep 'neqn Example *| *nroff -ms' <.copy >/dev/null -#log -#next -1.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1d deleted file mode 100644 index 949d4fac050..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,34 +0,0 @@ -#print -The "-ms" package lets you do some other nice things as -well. For example, you can arrange for a number to be -placed on an equation, in the right margin: - - a = b + c - d (1.23) - -by placing the number after the .EQ on the same line, -like this: - -.EQ (1.23) - -You must leave a space between .EQ and the number. - -In the file "Example", number the equation "17.1a" -and print it properly with neqn and nroff -ms. -(Don't forget -Txxx for your terminal.) -Then type "ready". -#once #create Example -.PP -This is a tiny little text -that includes one equation -or at least it will when you find this line: -.EQ -x sub i = y sub i + z sub i -.EN -and convert it into an equation. -(Naturally I changed it again.) -.pl 1 -#user -grep '\.EQ *17\.1a$' <Example >/dev/null -#log -#next -1.1e 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1e b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1e deleted file mode 100644 index bec107f5666..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1e +++ /dev/null @@ -1,30 +0,0 @@ -#print -So far all the equations have been centered, which is what -"-ms" does unless you tell it differently. -You can also arrange for equations to be left-adjusted - -that is, right up against the left margin - by saying - .EQ L -If there is a number, place it _____after the L, separated by a -space, like this: - .EQ L (3a) - -Make the equation in "Example" left-justified with -the number (3.1a) in the right margin and print it -to make sure everything works. Then type "ready". -#once #create Example -.PP -This is a tiny little text -(which you're undoubtedly sick of by now) -that includes one equation -or at least it will when you find this line: -.EQ -x sup i = y sup i -.EN -and convert it into an equation. -(Naturally I changed it.) -.pl 1 -#user -grep '\.EQ *L *(3.1a)$' <Example >/dev/null -#log -#next -1.1f 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1f b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1f deleted file mode 100644 index 72d7e53dd3f..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L1.1f +++ /dev/null @@ -1,87 +0,0 @@ -#print -You can also make equations that are ________indented a fixed amount from -the left margin, with the command - .EQ I -Again, if there is an equation number, it follows the I. - -Convert all the equations in "Example" to indented ones. -(Naturally I've changed it.) -You can do this with a single editor command. - -Print "Example" with neqn and nroff -ms, -then type "ready". -#once #create Ref -.LP - EQUIVALENCES OF ONE SORT AND ANOTHER -.LP -.EQ I (2.01) -bold x sup { n alpha } (t) ~->~ bold x sup alpha ( bold X ,t). -.EN -.sp -.EQ I (2.02) -sum from n F( bold x sup { n alpha } (t)) -~->~ 1 over OMEGA INT F( bold x sup alpha ( bold X ,t))d bold \|X -.EN -.EQ I (2.03) -bold x ( bold X ,t) ~==~ -sum from { alpha =1} to N -rho sup alpha over rho sup 0 bold x sup alpha ( bold X ,t) -.EN -.EQ I (2.08) -sum from {alpha =1} to N -U sup { mu alpha } V sup { mu alpha } ~=~ delta sup { mu nu } -.EN -.EQ I (2.06) -bold y sup { T mu } ( bold X ,t) -~==~ sum from {alpha =1} to N -U sup { mu alpha } -bold x sup alpha -( bold X ,t) -.EN -.EQ I -~ partial over {partial d} - ( epsilon sub 0 bold E sup T times bold B ) sub i -- m sub ij,\|j ~=~ --q sup D E sub i sup T --( bold ~j sup D times bold B ) sub i -.EN -#once #create Example -.LP - EQUIVALENCES OF ONE SORT AND ANOTHER -.LP -.EQ (2.01) -bold x sup { n alpha } (t) ~->~ bold x sup alpha ( bold X ,t). -.EN -.sp -.EQ (2.02) -sum from n F( bold x sup { n alpha } (t)) -~->~ 1 over OMEGA INT F( bold x sup alpha ( bold X ,t))d bold \|X -.EN -.EQ (2.03) -bold x ( bold X ,t) ~==~ -sum from { alpha =1} to N -rho sup alpha over rho sup 0 bold x sup alpha ( bold X ,t) -.EN -.EQ (2.08) -sum from {alpha =1} to N -U sup { mu alpha } V sup { mu alpha } ~=~ delta sup { mu nu } -.EN -.EQ (2.06) -bold y sup { T mu } ( bold X ,t) -~==~ sum from {alpha =1} to N -U sup { mu alpha } -bold x sup alpha -( bold X ,t) -.EN -.EQ -~ partial over {partial d} - ( epsilon sub 0 bold E sup T times bold B ) sub i -- m sub ij,\|j ~=~ --q sup D E sub i sup T --( bold ~j sup D times bold B ) sub i -.EN -#user -#cmp Ref Example -#log -#next -2.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1a deleted file mode 100644 index 71423a98cea..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,77 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The next topic goes back to the problem of formatting -equations on the page. Sometimes it is desirable to -line up one part of an equation with some part -of a previous equation - for example, equals signs -are often lined up like this: -.EQ I -x mark = y sub i -.EN -.EQ I -lineup = z sub i -.EN -.EQ I -x sub i + y sub i lineup = z sub i -.EN - -To achieve this, you have to do several things. -(1) tell neqn to remember the place where things are -to be lined up, which is done by saying -"mark" just before the thing you want remembered: - .EQ I - x mark = y sub i - .EN -.br -(2) Then, in successive equations, telling neqn -to line up something on the previous mark, with -"lineup": - .EQ I - lineup = z sub i - .EN -.br -(3) You ____have __to use either ".EQ I" or ".EQ L"; -you can't line things up in a centered equation. - -For practice, modify "Example" so the -equations are lined up on the equals signs, then -type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -A test of mark and lineup: -.EQ I -x sub i ~ mark =~ 1 -.EN -.EQ I -x sub i + y sub i ~ lineup = ~2 -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -A test of mark and lineup: -.EQ I -x sub i ~ =~ 1 -.EN -.EQ I -x sub i + y sub i ~ =~ 2 -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#fail -Don't forget that tilde is a real character; -put the mark and lineup after it. -Remember .EQ I. -#log -#next -10.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 5b5c3896a9e..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,42 +0,0 @@ -#print -More practice with mark and lineup. -Modify "Example" so the + signs are lined up in -all of the equations, then type "ready". -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ I -x ~==~ a sub i ~ mark + ~ b sub i ~-~ c sub i -.EN -.EQ I -lineup + ~ d sub i - e sub i -.EN -.EQ I -lineup + ~ f sub i - g sub i -.EN -.EQ I -lineup + ~ ... -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ I -x ~==~ a sub i ~ + ~ b sub i ~-~ c sub i -.EN -.EQ I -+ ~ d sub i - e sub i -.EN -.EQ I -+ ~ f sub i - g sub i -.EN -.EQ I -+ ~ ... -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -10.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 88e2c2419f9..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,25 +0,0 @@ -#print -There are several warnings in order about mark and lineup. -First, remember that you must use ".EQ I" or ".EQ L". -Second, there can only be one mark or one lineup in any given -equation. -Finally, what you are doing must make sense, or -your results may be not what you wanted. - -Does this sequence produce output with the equals signs -lined up? - .EQ L - x mark = y - .EN - .EQ L - x+y mark = z - .EN -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -11.1a 10 -10.2c 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.2c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.2c deleted file mode 100644 index 53e1397550a..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L10.2c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,17 +0,0 @@ -#print -Does this sequence produce output with the equals signs -lined up? - .EQ I - x mark = y - .EN - .EQ I - x+y mark = z - .EN -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#log -#next -11.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1a deleted file mode 100644 index a03f703dabb..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,46 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -We have introduced a fair number of "magic" words like -sub and sup and over and pi and sum. What happens if -you need to print an equation that contains one of these -words __as ____text, like this: -.EQ -e sub "pi" -.EN - -The way to turn off special meanings of magic words is -to enclose them in the double quotes "...". The $e sub "pi"$ -was printed with - .EQ - e sub "pi" - .EN - -Using this knowledge, modify file "Example" so it produces output -that looks like the following, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -lim "sup" f( "pi" ) = p cdot i -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -lim sup f( pi ) = p cdot i -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -11.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 06fa2256341..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,34 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The quoting mechanism can also be used to turn off the special meaning -of things like the dollar sign and braces. -Modify "Example" so it prints the following output, then -type "ready". -.pl 1 -# -#once #create Ref -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The cost of processing is proportional to -$characters over "$"$. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -The cost of processing is proportional to -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -11.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 3b669c8a0a0..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,31 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Modify "Example" so it prints the following output, then -type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The cost of processing is proportional to -${ "{" characters "}" } over "$"$. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -The cost of processing is proportional to -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -11.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1d deleted file mode 100644 index 8b75cebc5e0..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,18 +0,0 @@ -#print -One thing to keep in mind, although it generally -isn't going to affect you, is that the quote " -is a delimiter just like blank or tilde - -it turns off subscripts and superscripts, and so -on. -Experiment a bit, and decide if - e sup "{t}" -is the same as - e sup "{"t"}" -Type yes if they are the same, no if they are different. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -11.1e 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1e b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1e deleted file mode 100644 index 2c4a35660e6..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1e +++ /dev/null @@ -1,26 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Sometimes there will be a need for a subscript or superscript -that has nothing to the left of it, as in references like - $"" sup 1$Smith, J. `A great paper...' - -Experiment and decide if you can get this effect -by writing simply - %sup 1%Smith, J..... - -Type yes if this works, no if it does not. -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn message | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -11.1f 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1f b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1f deleted file mode 100644 index 0a726f4babf..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1f +++ /dev/null @@ -1,48 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The way to handle the problem of a subscript or superscript -on nothing is to provide something to hang the subscript -or superscript on. -One possibility is to use a tilde, but that has a real width, -and might spoil the appearance of the output. -The best solution is this: - - "" sup 1 ... - -The expression "" has no width, so everything works -out properly. The use of "" may seem a bit unnatural -but it's an idiom that you get used to quite quickly. - -For practice, modify "Example" so it produces -output that looks like this, -then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -"" sup + H sub 2 ~ "<=>" ~ "" sup - H ~+~ "" sup + H -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxx -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#fail -Don't forget spaces; don't forget to quote -things when needed (including <=>). -#log -#next -11.1g 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1g b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1g deleted file mode 100644 index 66216e15aab..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L11.1g +++ /dev/null @@ -1,32 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -For practice, modify "Example" so it produces -output that looks like this, -then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -{ lim ~ "sup" } bar ~f(x) ~=~ x -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxx -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -12.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1a deleted file mode 100644 index a9382b60dac..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,53 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The next step is to learn how to put big parentheses, -brackets, braces or bars around equations, like this: -.EQ -left | a sup 2 over b sub i right | -.EN - -This is done with two new words called "left" and "right". -To put bars around something, you simply say, in the middle -of an equation, - left | something right | -and the job is done. -"something" can indeed be anything, from a single letter -up to some horribly complicated mess. -The bars grow to the right height to cover the -"something", automatically. -To produce the example above, all that was needed was - .EQ - left | a sup 2 over b sub i right | - .EN - -For practice, modify file "Example" so it produces output -that looks like this, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -left | -{a over b ~+~ c over d} over 2 -right | -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -12.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 6886309a61b..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,29 +0,0 @@ -#print -Bars are not the only characters you can put -around an equation. -If you say - left ( thing right ) -you will get large parentheses around "thing". -You can also use [ and ] for large square brackets -and { and } for large braces. - -The main problem is that on your terminal there is -no good way for neqn to draw large braces -or brackets or parens. So neqn replaces all of these -with bars. -Use the right character anyway, though - things do -work properly on the typesetter. And who knows, some day -neqn may get improved as well. - -With the current version of neqn, does the input - left { a over b right } -produce the same output as - left [ a over b right ] -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#log -#next -12.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 20bf122ccbd..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,44 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Of course the thing with bars or braces around it can -still be part of larger expressions: the input - .EQ - left | {a over b ~+~ c over d} over 2 right | over a+b+c+d - .EN -produces -.EQ -left | {a over b ~+~ c over d} over 2 right | over a+b+c+d -.EN - -For practice, modify file "Example" so it produces output -that looks like this, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -left | -{a over b ~+~ c over d} over 2 -right | -sup half -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -12.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1d deleted file mode 100644 index 32f1d480e8c..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,21 +0,0 @@ -#print -.LP -The "right" part of a left-right construction can be -omitted if it is not used; just leave that part out. -The main thing to watch out for is that now you will -need braces to enclose the entire construction, "left" and all - -otherwise neqn will not know where to stop in -figuring out how high the thing is. - -For example, will - left "{" a + b over c over d -produce the same output as - { left "{" a } + b over c over d -Answer yes or no after experimenting. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -12.1e 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1e b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1e deleted file mode 100644 index fc78d36289a..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L12.1e +++ /dev/null @@ -1,43 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.PP -There are also occasions when you want to omit -the left part and keep the right part. -This is a bit more complicated, since for obscure -reasons neqn won't let you actually leave the -left part out completely. -But you can ask it to print no character, -instead of using bars, by saying - left "" thing right | -.LP -This is similar to the way we used quotes before, to get -a zero-width thing before a superscript. - -For practice, modify file "Example" so it produces output -that looks like this, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -left "" -int from 0 to {2 pi} sin (x) dx ~=~ -cos (x) right | sub 0 sup {2 pi} -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1a deleted file mode 100644 index cf2956cdd19..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,38 +0,0 @@ -#print -You may have noticed that neqn threw away the spaces -in several of the examples we did. For example, in -.EQ -a = b + c - d -.EN -the output equation looks like -a=b+c-d -regardless of spaces in the input. - -Spaces are always thrown away, and so are new lines - you -can type an equation on as many lines as you like. -This latitude is permitted mainly to make it easy to type equations - -longer equations are easier to edit when they are typed -as a series of short input lines instead of one giant -one. - -Will the printed output of this equation -.EQ -a -+ -b -+ -c -.EN -be any different from this one? -.EQ -a+b+c -.EN -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -2.1b 10 -2.2a 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 277f17e41c6..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,50 +0,0 @@ -#print -Since spaces are thrown away, what do you do when -you want spaces? The answer is that you have to ask for -them explicitly. -If you type a "~" (tilde) it will be replaced by a space -on output; use one tilde for each space. -Thus to get -a + b -you need -.EQ -a~+~b -.EN - -Modify the equation in file "Example" so there is one space -around each of the operators =, + and -, so it looks like - -a = b + c - d - -Print it with neqn and nroff -ms to verify it. -Type "ready" when done. -#once #create Ref -.PP -You probably thought you were done with this ridiculous -example of just -.EQ -a ~=~ -b ~+~ c -~-~d -.EN -Sorry, but you will probably even see it again. -.pl 1 -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once #create Example -.PP -You probably thought you were done with this ridiculous -example of just -.EQ -a = -b + c --d -.EN -Sorry, but you will probably even see it again. -.pl 1 -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -2.1c 10 -2.2b 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 37a4b313fa8..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,57 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.nf -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -Several of the examples we did earlier had Greek letters -and other mathematical symbols in them. -The way to get things like $pi$ and $sum$ and $int$ is -rather easy - you just spell out their names, like this: - -$pi$ is pi - -$sum$ is sum - -$int$ is int - -and so on. -The main thing you must always remember about these names -is that when they appear in an equation, they must be -separated from surrounding symbols by blanks or tildes, -OR THEY WILL NOT BE RECOGNIZED. - -For practice, modify "Example" so the symbol $partial$ -is replaced by $sum$ everywhere it appears. -Type "ready" when you're done. -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.PP -The symbol -.EQ -sum -.EN -often appears in lines like -.EQ -{ sum x } over { sum y } = y over x -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message | nroff -T$term -#once #create Example -.PP -The symbol -.EQ -partial -.EN -often appears in lines like -.EQ -{ partial x } over { partial y } = y over x -.EN -.pl 1 -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -2.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1d deleted file mode 100644 index 22bb134613f..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,57 +0,0 @@ -#print -The file "Chars" contains a longer list of characters that -you can obtain with neqn. -Print the file "Chars" with neqn and nroff -ms, then -type "ready". (Don't forget -Txxx.) -#once #create Chars -.LP -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.nf -$alpha$ alpha -$beta$ beta -$gamma$ gamma -$GAMMA$ GAMMA -$delta$ delta -$DELTA$ DELTA -$epsilon$ epsilon -$zeta$ zeta -$eta$ eta -$THETA$ THETA -$theta$ theta -$lambda$ lambda -$LAMBDA$ LAMBDA -$mu$ mu -$nu$ nu -$xi$ xi -$pi$ pi -$PI$ PI -$rho$ rho -$sigma$ sigma -$SIGMA$ SIGMA -$tau$ tau -$phi$ phi -$PHI$ PHI -$psi$ psi -$PSI$ PSI -$omega$ omega -$OMEGA$ OMEGA -$partial$ partial -$integral$ integral -$int$ int -$sum$ sum -$prod$ prod -$<=$ <= -$>=$ >= -$==$ == -$cdot$ cdot -$...$ ... -.pl 1 -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -grep 'neqn Chars *| *nroff' <.copy >/dev/null -#log -#next -2.1e 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1e b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1e deleted file mode 100644 index bf6eb69e147..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1e +++ /dev/null @@ -1,34 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.PP -For practice, in this directory there is a file called -"Example". It contains an equation. Make it -look like this: -.EQ -int from i to j f( pi ) ~=~ LAMBDA (x) -.EN -by changing the character names as appropriate -and adding spaces where needed. -Type "ready" when you're satisfied. -.pl 1 -#once neqn message | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -int from i to j f( pi ) ~=~ LAMBDA (x) -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -sum from i to j f(q) = lambda (x) -.EN -.pl 1 -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X2 & -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X1 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -2.1f 10 -2.2e 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1f b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1f deleted file mode 100644 index 70acf0e2886..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.1f +++ /dev/null @@ -1,46 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.LP -One of the most common problems in using neqn is forgetting -to leave spaces or tildes around "magic" words like "pi" -or "int" or "sum". The result is that the magic words -cease to be magic, and just look like ordinary strings -of letters. - -In the file "Example", there are several such errors. -Find them, and fix them so the output looks -like this, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -sum ~=~ pi ~+~1 -.EN -.EQ -a~=~ pi (x) -.EN -.EQ -alpha ~=~ beta ~+~ gamma ~+~ delta -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -sum=pi+1 -.EN -.EQ -a=pi(x) -.EN -.EQ -alpha=beta+gamma+delta -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -3.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2a deleted file mode 100644 index e7820cd4f84..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,25 +0,0 @@ -#print -Will the output from the first equation below be different -from the second? - -.EQ -X = Y -+Z -.EN - -.EQ -x = y -+ z -.EN - -Answer yes if they will be different, -no if they will be the same. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#fail -Look more closely at ____what letters are being printed. -#log -#next -2.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2b deleted file mode 100644 index 13bcad1cfe6..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,38 +0,0 @@ -#print -One more example of spaces before getting on to something -new. -In the file "Example", change the spacing so the equation -reads - -a = b+c-d - -Print the example with "-ms". -Type "ready" when you're done. -#once #create Ref -.PP -Here it is again. One example goes a long way. -.EQ -a ~=~ -b + c --d -.EN -Sorry, but you will probably even see it again. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.PP -Here it is again. One example goes a long way. -.EQ -a = -b + c --d -.EN -Sorry, but you will probably even see it again. -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -2.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2e b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2e deleted file mode 100644 index a4b3dac4bae..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L2.2e +++ /dev/null @@ -1,37 +0,0 @@ -#print -Make the two equations in "Example" look like these two, -then type "ready". - -#once #create Ref -.ND -.LP -.EQ (1.1) -PI ~=~ ( pi sub 1 , pi sub 2 ,..., pi sub n ) -.EN -.EQ (1.2) -pi bar ~=~ sum ( alpha , beta ) -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.ND -.LP -.EQ -PHI = ( phi sub 1 , phi sub 2 ,..., phi sub n ) -.EN -.EQ -phi bar = sum (A,B) -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#fail -Don't forget equation numbering and spaces -where needed. Print file "Chars" if you've forgotten -the character names. -#log -#next -2.1f diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1a deleted file mode 100644 index a33f08973a2..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,53 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.PP -Now that we have some of the preliminaries out of the way, -we can get on to doing real mathematics. -I have been slipping small things into the example files -as we go along so that you will at least have seen -some common neqn constructions. - -One of the most frequent is the word "sub", which -indicates a subscript, like this: - - .EQ - x sub i + y sub j - .EN - -which produces -.EQ -x sub i + y sub j -.EN -The main thing to notice is that the blanks are delimiters - -the subscript of "x" is "i"; the blank after the "i" marks -the end of the subscript. - -Modify the file "Example" so the equation in it looks like -this: -.EQ -x sub alpha ~=~ y sub pi ~+~ z sub pi -.EN -Then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -x sub alpha ~=~ y sub pi ~+~ z sub pi -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxx -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -3.1b 10 -3.2a 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 6fe31e213fe..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,41 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.PP -Naturally there is a superscript operation that's exactly -like "sub", except that it goes up instead of down. -It is called "sup". To make -.EQ -x sup i+j -.EN -for example, you type - .EQ - x sup i+j - .EN - -Make the file "Example" produce the same output -as the following, then type "ready". -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -x sup alpha ~=~ y sup pi ~+~ z sup pi -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxx -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#fail -Don't forget that there are spaces -around the = and +. -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -3.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 2cc13fd2bcc..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,39 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.PP -Subscripts and superscripts can appear in the same equation, -and any subscripted or superscripted thing can have -a subscript or superscript. -For example, you can say - - .EQ - x sub i sub j ~+~ y sup i sup j - .EN - -to get -.EQ -x sub i sub j ~+~ y sup i sup j -.EN -Modify "Example" to produce the following output, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -2 sup 2 sup 2 sup 2 ~=~ 65536 -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxx -.EN -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -3.1d 10 -3.2c 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1d deleted file mode 100644 index d3848c18cdf..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,49 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.PP -There is one special construction with subscripts -and superscripts that you have to be aware of, although -it almost always does what you want automatically. -When something has both a subscript and a superscript, -it is usually printed as -.EQ -x sub i sup j -.EN -instead of -.EQ -{x sub i} sup j -.EN -To produce this effect, with the superscript _____above the -subscript instead of to the right, you have to type -the subscript ______before the superscript, like this: - - .EQ - x sub i sup j - .EN - -That's all there is to it. - -Modify "Example" to produce the following output, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -x sub ij sup kmn = y sub i sub j -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxx -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -3.1e 10 -3.2d 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1e b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1e deleted file mode 100644 index 49fdba797c9..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.1e +++ /dev/null @@ -1,41 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.PP -One common typing error that you should watch out for -is forgetting to end a superscript or subscript -with a blank or other delimiter (like tilde). -For instance, you often see output like -.EQ -f(x sup 2)=1 -.EN -because there wasn't a space left between the 2 and the ). -What we really wanted, of course, was -.EQ -f(x sup 2 )=1 -.EN - -Modify "Example" to produce this output, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -g( x sup pi ) -= pi (gx sup 2 ) -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -g( x sup pi) -=pi(gxsup2) -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -4.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2a deleted file mode 100644 index 9c55cd50bd5..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,14 +0,0 @@ -#print -Do - x sub i +y sub j -and - x sub i+y sub j -produce the same output? -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -3.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2c deleted file mode 100644 index 267c01eaca6..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,25 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.PP -Modify "Example" to produce this output, then type "ready". -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -x sup 2 + y sup 2 = z sup 2 -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxx -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -3.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2d deleted file mode 100644 index ee3fd49c8a1..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L3.2d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,17 +0,0 @@ -#print -Does the equation - - x sup pi sub i - -produce the same output as - - x sub i sup pi - -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -3.1e 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1a deleted file mode 100644 index a4942907159..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,42 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The next neqn word to learn is "over", which makes -fractions like -.EQ -a+b over c -.EN -In fact that line was made by - .EQ - a+b over c - .EN -To begin with an easy one, reproduce -the equation below in the file "Example", then type -ready. -(To get $>=$, type ">=".) -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -x+1 over y+1 ~>=~ x over y -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -4.1b 10 -4.2a 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1b deleted file mode 100644 index a989edde18b..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,33 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.LP -Of course you can use reserved words like "pi" or "int" -with the "over" construction. For example, modify -"Example" so its output looks like the following, then -type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -alpha over beta ~=~ pi over 2 -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#fail -The names are alpha, beta and pi. -I hope your trouble wasn't any more -complicated than that. -#log -#next -4.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 5ebbd5b1e3b..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,20 +0,0 @@ -#print -Does the neqn input - .EQ - a - over - b - .EN -produce the same output as the input - .EQ - a over b - .EN -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#log -#next -4.1d 10 -4.2c 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1d deleted file mode 100644 index 1eea10d9916..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,41 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.LP -You can put fractions over fractions with multiple "over"'s -just as you can do multiple subscripts and superscripts, -although fractions within fractions are much -less common (probably because they are harder for -people to read). -Anyway, if you want, for example, something like -.EQ -a over b over c -.EN -you just type - .EQ - a over b over c - .EN - -As a drill, change "Example" so it produces an equation -that looks like the following one, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -x over x+x over x+x+x -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -right here -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -5.1a diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.2a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.2a deleted file mode 100644 index 223612e867c..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.2a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,28 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.LP -Another practice one for using "over". -Modify the file "Example" so it produces -output that looks like this one, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -a + b over c + d = e over f -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -4.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.2c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.2c deleted file mode 100644 index 84b786f0904..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L4.2c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,19 +0,0 @@ -#print -Does the neqn input - .EQ - ~a - over - b~ - .EN -produce the same output as the input - .EQ - a~ over ~b - .EN -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -4.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1a deleted file mode 100644 index b867a59f712..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,45 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -So far we have carefully skirted around a potential -problem; maybe you've wondered about it. -Suppose we want to produce an equation that looks -like this: -.EQ -x sup { pi + 1 } -.EN -The superscript is complicated, in that it contains -both a $pi$ and a +1, which has to be separated -from the $pi$ by a blank. -But I already told you that a blank terminates -the superscript. What's going on? - -As the first step to finding out, will the input -equation - - x sup pi + 1 - -produce the output - - $x sup {pi + 1}$ ? -Answer yes or no. -(You can play with the file "Example" if you like.) -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn message | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -5.1b diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 64e952f1195..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,47 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The problem is really that we need a way to tell neqn -that in spite of blanks, a group of things (like the $pi$ -and the +1) have to be kept together as a single superscript. -The way that this is done is to enclose the group in -braces - the characters { and } - like this: - - .EQ - x sup {pi + 1} - .EN - -This tells neqn that everything inside the braces belongs -to the superscript, in spite of blanks and tildes. -(You don't need blanks before and after braces themselves - -like tildes, they act as delimiters.) - -Modify the file "Example" so that the output looks like -the following, then type "ready". -(To get $==$, type "==".) -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -x sup {pi +1} == y sup z sup {alpha + beta} -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -5.1c 10 -5.2b 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 2b77825c26a..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,40 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Braces are an exceedingly useful construction. -Wherever you have a place where you could have used -a single thing like the letter "x", you can plug in -anything in braces, and the whole thing will -be positioned properly. You can use braces with sub and sup -and over, and all the other magic words we -haven't seen yet. - -First let's use braces with "over". -Modify "Example" to produce this output, then -type "ready". -(Recall that $partial$ is called "partial".) -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -{partial y} over {partial x} ~=~ alpha over {alpha +1} -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -5.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1d deleted file mode 100644 index 7b22c337cb5..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,57 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -You will get lots of practice -using braces as we go along. -One thing to keep in mind is that -braces can appear ______within braces. -(Remember that I said that anywhere you -could use an "x" you could put something in -braces instead. So to get this: -.EQ -e sup {x sup {pi +1} + y sup {pi +1}} -.EN -you can type - - e sup {x sup {pi +1} + y sup {pi +1}} - -The big superscript (the one on the "e") has -a pair of braces that take in everything. -Then the "x" and the "y" each have braces -to delimit their superscripts. -Of course the braces have to go in the right -places, or you won't get the output you -want. - -To verify that you are still following this -lesson, modify "Example" so it looks like -this, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -e sup { - {x sup {pi +1} + y sup {pi +1}} over 2} -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -e sup {x sup {pi +1} + y sup {pi +1}} -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#fail -Don't forget that you need braces for the overall superscript, -and also for the "over" part. -#log -#next -5.1e 10 -5.2d 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1e b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1e deleted file mode 100644 index 79a845abad6..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1e +++ /dev/null @@ -1,40 +0,0 @@ -#print -Once you start using braces, there are a number of -mistakes that you can make. For example, you can -leave a brace out, or you can get them out of order -(Like } xxx { ), or you can get them in illegal places. -For all of these, neqn tells you "syntax error", -then tries to say what file and line numbers are -involved. -The line numbers are often not exact, but -they are very close. When you get such a message, -print a line or two before and after the line -numbers named in the syntax error message. - -The file "Example" contains a syntax error. -What line does neqn believe it begins on? -Type "answer N", where N is the line number. -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ 3 -e sup -x sup 2 + e sup -x sub i sup 2 + e sup{-x sub i}sup 2 -.EN -.EQ 4 - e sup{-{x sub i sup 2 + y sub i sup 2}over 2} -= e sup{- x over y} -.EN -.EQ 5 -a over b = c over d = A over B times C over D -.EN -.EQ 8 -B sub a sub 2 + -B sub a sup 2 +B{ sub a}sup 2 + (B sub a ) sup 2 + (B sup 2 ) sub a -+B sup 2 sup x -.EN -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match 13 -#log -#next -5.1f 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1f b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1f deleted file mode 100644 index 14b48bd42d0..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1f +++ /dev/null @@ -1,11 +0,0 @@ -#print -Is the construction - a {sup pi +1} -legal in neqn? Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -5.1g 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1g b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1g deleted file mode 100644 index 046420c1e69..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1g +++ /dev/null @@ -1,17 +0,0 @@ -#print -It is often possible to leave out braces, -but when you do be sure that you get the -answer you really wanted. -For example, does - x sup a over b -produce the same output as - x sup {a over b} -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -5.1h 10 -5.2g 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1h b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1h deleted file mode 100644 index af14087fe1b..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.1h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,48 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -One thing that you will occasionally need -is to be able to get a literal { or } in your -output, for an expression like -.EQ -{ "{" a + b "}" } over 2 -.EN -The way to do this is to place the braces -that are really to appear ______inside ______quotes, -like this: - .EQ - { "{" a + b "}" } over 2 - .EN -.br -The quotes temporarily turn off the special meaning -of the braces so that you can have them printed. - -The file "Example" has a lot of square brackets in -it. Modify them so they are all braces when they are -printed - so they look like this - then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -f"{" x sub 1 ,..., x sub n "}" ~=~ "{" x sub 1 ,..., x sub n "}" -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -f[ x sub 1 ,..., x sub n ] ~=~ [ x sub 1 ,..., x sub n ] -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -6.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2b deleted file mode 100644 index 924e401973b..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,32 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Try another example with braces, for practice. -Make the file "Example" produce output that looks -like this line, then type "ready". -(The character $rho$ is "rho".) -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -alpha sub i sup {pi + rho + 1} ~=~ 1 -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -replace me -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -5.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2d deleted file mode 100644 index a6ab2e11679..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,31 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Modify "Example" so it produces this output, then -type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -{partial e sup {-{x sup 2 + y sup 2} over 2}} over -{partial x} ~=~ f(x) -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxxx -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -5.1e 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2g b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2g deleted file mode 100644 index c3238cc50e2..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L5.2g +++ /dev/null @@ -1,13 +0,0 @@ -#print -Does - x sup a over b -produce the same output as - {x sup a} over b -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#log -#next -5.1h 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1a deleted file mode 100644 index fc51f1fa4b6..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,60 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -So far every equation you have typed in -has been "displayed" - neatly centered or indented, and -offset from the surrounding text. -But not all equations are like that. -Very often they appear right in the middle of -running text as subscripts like $x sub i$ or special characters -like $pi$ or $partial$. How are these done? - -The idea is this. Two characters (which may be identical) -are set aside as "delimiters". When the -left delimiter is seen anywhere in ___any line, -it marks the beginning of an in-line equation. -The end is marked by the right delimiter. Between the -delimiters, all the normal rules of neqn apply. - -Suppose we say the delimiters are % signs. -Then to get $pi$, you have to type %pi%. - -To make sure that you can do this much, find the -$pi$, $alpha$ and $sum$ characters in "Example" -and make them into in-line equations. -Use % and % as the delimiter characters. -(This is the most frequent choice, by the way.) -Type "ready" when you're done. -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -This line contains some $pi$ and $alpha$ Greek -and $sum$ as well. Don't forget that spaces -inside dollar signs are ignored, while spaces -outside them are significant. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -This line contains some pi and alpha Greek -and sum as well. Don't forget that spaces -inside dollar signs are ignored, while spaces -outside them are significant. -.pl 1 -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -6.1b diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 743e5ffd9f5..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,37 +0,0 @@ -#print -There is one other thing you have to do before -you can use a character as a delimiter - you -have to tell neqn that you are going to. -To do this, as the very first thing in your -input you must put these three lines: - -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN - -(If you like, other characters than $ can be used, -but we will stick to dollar signs here.) -Until you do this, $ signs have no special -significance to neqn. - -Modify the file "Example" by adding the "delim" -lines to the beginning, and check that $ signs are -now significant. Type "ready" when you are done. -#once #create Ref -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Now is the $times$ for all good $mu$ $epsilon$ $nu$ -to come to the aid of their party. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -Now is the $times$ for all good $mu$ $epsilon$ $nu$ -to come to the aid of their party. -.pl 1 -#user -#cmp Ref example -#log -#next -6.1c 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1c deleted file mode 100644 index bebfcb45e59..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,27 +0,0 @@ -#print -One thing to keep in mind is that outside of -$ signs, spaces are significant just as they -were before. Inside $ signs, spaces are significant -only as delimiters, and will not add any space -to the output. -Furthermore, inside delimiters, new lines also -don't matter, just as they didn't matter between -the .EQ and .EN. - -Do the lines - -Let $alpha$ be the size of the vector $pi$. - -and - -Let $ alpha $ be the size of the vector $ pi $. - -produce the same output? -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#log -#next -6.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1d deleted file mode 100644 index 2552ccd4e96..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L6.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,18 +0,0 @@ -#print -Do the inputs - -Let $x sub i$ and $y sub i$ be $>= z sub i$. - -and - -Let $x sub i$ and $y sub i$ be $>=$ $z sub i$. - -produce the same output? -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -7.1a diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1a deleted file mode 100644 index f41f56bf9fb..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,48 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The next construction we're going to look at -is one for putting things above and below other -things, in a rather specialized way. -For example, if you want something like -.EQ -sum from i to j -.EN -you type - .EQ - sum from i to j - .EN -The words "from" and "to" are more magic, like -sub or sup or over. The "from" part is centered -under the main piece; the "to" part is centered -above it. -As a warmup, modify "Example" so it produces -output that looks like the following, then type -ready. -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Let $Q( pi )$ be $sum from {i= pi sub 1} to {i= pi sub 2} x sub i$. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -7.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1b deleted file mode 100644 index d9ece995fa3..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,50 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -As you might expect from our previous discussions, -any part of a - - thing from thing to thing - -construction can be as complicated as you wish. -The only limitation is that the individual "thing"'s -may well need braces around them to make it -clear to neqn which part goes with which. - -For example, suppose you want -.EQ -sum from {pi = 0} to {pi = n} -.EN -Then you have to ensure that the $pi =0$ and -$pi =n$ parts are included in braces or -they will not work right. - -Modify file "Example" so the output looks like -the example above, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -sum from {pi = 0} to {pi =n} -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -sum from pi = 0 to pi = n -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -7.1c 10 -7.2b 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1c deleted file mode 100644 index 0d20a68c23e..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,35 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -It is also quite permissible to leave out -either the "from" part or the "to" part -of a from-to construction. For example, -modify "Example" so its output looks like this, -then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -lim from {x-> pi /2} ( tan~x) sup {sin~2x}~=~1 -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -lim from xxx ( tan~x) sup {sin~2x}~=~1 -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -7.1d 10 -7.2c 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1d b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1d deleted file mode 100644 index 72eb0c49b9b..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.1d +++ /dev/null @@ -1,37 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Let's do one more example of from-to for practice -before we go on to the next topic. -Modify "Example" so it produces output that looks -like this, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Let $Q( pi )$ be $sum from {i= pi sub 1} to {i= pi sub 2} x sub i$. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#fail -Don't forget to set delimiters before the .LP line, -and get the spaces right around the dollar signs. -#log -#next -8.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.2b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.2b deleted file mode 100644 index 281237b0656..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.2b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,17 +0,0 @@ -#print -Does the input - - sum from {i = -n} to {i = +n} - -produce the same output as the input - - sum from i=-n to i=+n - -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#log -#next -7.1c diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.2c b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.2c deleted file mode 100644 index 5bb518fb2c6..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L7.2c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,30 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Modify file "Example" so it looks like this, -then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -sum to N+n-m x sub mn > 0 -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxx -.EN -.pl 1 -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -7.1d 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.1a deleted file mode 100644 index 06caba47f10..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,49 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.LP -The next neqn operation is called "sqrt" - it makes -square root signs over things, like this: -.EQ -sqrt a+b -.EN -(They don't look very good on a terminal, unfortunately.) -This one is very easy - to print the line above, you -say - .EQ - sqrt a+b - .EN -The "sqrt" operates on the first thing it finds -so if you want something more complicated, like -.EQ -sqrt {pi +1} -.EN -you have to use braces to enclose the entire -thing. This one was printed with - .EQ - sqrt {pi +1} - .EN -And that's all there is to sqrt. - -Modify "Example" so it looks like this, then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -f(x) ~=~ sqrt {ax sup 2 +bx+c} -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -f(x).... -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -8.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.1b deleted file mode 100644 index d6bf449a173..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,34 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.LP -Since "sqrt thing" is really a single object, you -often don't need braces around it, although there -may well be braces around "thing" itself. -For example, you can say - .EQ - 1 over sqrt {ax sup2 +bx+c} - .EN -to produce -.EQ -1 over sqrt {ax sup 2 +bx+c} -.EN -Does the input - .EQ - e sup sqrt {pi x} - .EN -produce the same output as - .EQ - e sup {sqrt {pi x}} - .EN -Answer yes or no. -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn message | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match yes -#log -#next -9.1a 10 -8.2b 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.2b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.2b deleted file mode 100644 index c4c74784bf6..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L8.2b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,17 +0,0 @@ -#print -Does the input - .EQ - e sup sqrt {pi x} - .EN -produce the same output as - .EQ - e sup sqrt pi x - .EN -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -9.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.1a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.1a deleted file mode 100644 index 4a07a8f828e..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.1a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,66 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -The next step is to learn about "diacriticals", which -is a big word for funny marks on symbols, like -a bar over something ($x bar$), or a tilde or hat on -something ($x tilde ,~a hat$), or perhaps a dot -or dotdot ($T dot ,~U dotdot$), or even an -underlining like $abc under$. - -These are all easy. Each funny character -has a name, and all you have to do is put the name -after the thing you want the character on. -Thus - x hat makes $x hat$ - y bar makes $y bar$ - T dot makes $T dot$ - x tilde makes $x tilde$ (notice that we spell tilde) - u dotdot makes $u dotdot$ (looks ugly on a terminal) -.br -and - i under makes $i under$. - -Except for "bar" and "under", these are almost always -attached to just a single letter. -If you want to put a bar over something longer, like -${2 pi +1} bar$, simply enclose the thing in braces: - - {2 pi +1} bar - -Modify "Example" to produce output that looks like this, -then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Let $x bar$, $y bar$, and $z bar$ be the components of $pi bar$. -Let ${alpha +1} bar$ be the mean value of $alpha hat$. -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Let x bar, y bar, and z bar be the components of pi bar. -Let alpha +1 bar be the mean value of alpha hat. -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#fail -Don't forget to set delimiters at the beginning, -and get the spaces right around the dollar signs. -#log -#next -9.1b 10 -9.2a 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.1b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.1b deleted file mode 100644 index 32ef65cf3f1..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.1b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,48 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -You sometimes have to make explicit what you -mean when you say "bar", by putting in braces -to enclose the parts that you want the bar -to be over. -For example, what has to be done to make -the output -.EQ -{x sub i} bar -.EN -Find out (by putting braces in the right place -if necessary) in the file "Example", then -type "ready" after you have successfully modified it. -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -.EQ -{x sub i} bar -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -.EQ -x sub i bar -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -10.1a 10 -9.2b 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.2a b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.2a deleted file mode 100644 index 8d1e6cd111f..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.2a +++ /dev/null @@ -1,31 +0,0 @@ -#once #create message -.ND -.tr %$ -.EQ -delim $$ -.EN -.LP -Modify "Example" to produce output that looks like this, -then type "ready". -.pl 1 -#once #create Ref -.LP -.EQ -x bar ~=~ E(x) bar ~/~ E( x bar ) -.EN -.pl 1 -#once #create Example -.LP -.EQ -xxxx -.EN -.pl 1 -# -#once neqn Ref | nroff >X1 & -#once neqn message Ref | nroff -T$term %s/tinyms - -#user -neqn Example | nroff >X2 -#cmp X1 X2 -#log -#next -9.1b 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.2b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.2b deleted file mode 100644 index 521f27d18bb..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.2b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,20 +0,0 @@ -#print -Which equation prints a longer bar? - - xyz sub i bar - -or - - x yz sub i bar - -Type "answer N", where N is 1 if it's -the first one, 2 if it's the second, and -0 if they are the same length. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match 0 -#log -#next -10.1a 10 -9.3b 5 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.3b b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.3b deleted file mode 100644 index a7a3029faaf..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/L9.3b +++ /dev/null @@ -1,13 +0,0 @@ -#print -Does - ax bar -produce the same output as - a x bar -Answer yes or no. -#copyin -#user -#uncopyin -#match no -#log -#next -10.1a 10 diff --git a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/tinyms b/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/tinyms deleted file mode 100644 index 676465f13a3..00000000000 --- a/usr.bin/learn/lib/eqn/tinyms +++ /dev/null @@ -1,24 +0,0 @@ -.\" short set of macros to simulate behavior of -.\" most common -ms macros: -.\" .PP, .LP, .EQ, .EN -.\" -.de PP -.br -.sp -.ll 60n -.fi -.ti +5n -.. -.de LP -.br -.sp -.ll 60n -.fi -.. -.de EQ -.sp -.ce -.. -.de EN -.sp -.. |