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authorTheo de Raadt <deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org>1995-10-18 08:53:40 +0000
committerTheo de Raadt <deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org>1995-10-18 08:53:40 +0000
commitd6583bb2a13f329cf0332ef2570eb8bb8fc0e39c (patch)
treeece253b876159b39c620e62b6c9b1174642e070e /usr.bin/more/more.1
initial import of NetBSD tree
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+.\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
+.\" Copyright (c) 1988 Mark Nudleman
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
+.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
+.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\" without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\" from: @(#)more.1 5.15 (Berkeley) 7/29/91
+.\" $Id: more.1,v 1.1 1995/10/18 08:45:49 deraadt Exp $
+.\"
+.Dd July 29, 1991
+.Dt MORE 1
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm more
+.Nd file perusal filter for crt viewing
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Nm more
+.Op Fl ceinus
+.Op Fl t Ar tag
+.Op Fl x Ar tabs
+.Op Fl / Ar pattern
+.Op Fl #
+.Op Ar
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+.Nm More
+is a filter for paging through text one screenful at a time. It
+uses
+.Xr termcap 3
+so it can run on a variety of terminals. There is even limited support
+for hardcopy terminals. (On a hardcopy terminal, lines which should be
+printed at the top of the screen are prefixed with an up-arrow.)
+.Ar File
+may be a single dash (``-''), implying stdin.
+.Sh OPTIONS
+Command line options are described below.
+Options are also taken from the environment variable
+.Ev MORE
+(make sure to precede them with a dash (``-'')) but command
+line options will override them.
+.Bl -tag -width flag
+.It Fl c
+Normally,
+.Nm more
+will repaint the screen by scrolling from the bottom of the screen.
+If the
+.Fl c
+option is set, when
+.Nm more
+needs to change the entire display, it will paint from the top line down.
+.It Fl d
+The
+.Fl d
+option causes the default prompt to include the basic directions
+``[Press space to continue, 'q' to quit.]''. The
+.Fl d
+option also causes the message ``[Press 'h' for instructions.]'' to be
+displayed when an invalid command is entered (normally, the bell is
+rung). This option is useful in environments where users may not be
+experienced with pagers.
+.It Fl e
+Normally, if displaying a single file,
+.Nm more
+exits as soon as it reaches end-of-file. The
+.Fl e
+option tells more to
+exit if it reaches end-of-file twice without an intervening operation.
+If the file is shorter than a single screen
+.Nm more
+will exit at end-of-file regardless.
+.It Fl i
+The
+.Fl i
+option causes searches to ignore case; that is,
+uppercase and lowercase are considered identical.
+.It Fl n
+The
+.Fl n
+flag suppresses line numbers.
+The default (to use line numbers) may cause
+.Nm more
+to run more slowly in some cases, especially with a very large input file.
+Suppressing line numbers with the
+.Fl n
+flag will avoid this problem.
+Using line numbers means: the line number will be displayed in the
+.Cm =
+command, and the
+.Cm v
+command will pass the current line number to the editor.
+.It Fl s
+The
+.Fl s
+option causes
+consecutive blank lines to be squeezed into a single blank line.
+.It Fl t
+The
+.Fl t
+option, followed immediately by a tag, will edit the file
+containing that tag. For more information, see the
+.Xr ctags 1
+command.
+.It Fl u
+By default,
+.Nm more
+treats backspaces and
+.Dv CR-LF
+sequences specially. Backspaces which appear
+adjacent to an underscore character are displayed as underlined text.
+Backspaces which appear between two identical characters are displayed
+as emboldened text.
+.Dv CR-LF
+sequences are compressed to a single linefeed
+character. The
+.Fl u
+option causes backspaces to always be displayed as
+control characters, i.e. as the two character sequence ``^H'', and
+.Dv CR-LF
+to be left alone.
+.It Fl x
+The
+.Fl x
+option sets tab stops every
+.Ar N
+positions. The default for
+.Ar N
+is 8.
+.It Fl /
+The
+.Fl /
+option specifies a string that will be searched for before
+each file is displayed.
+.Sh COMMANDS
+Interactive commands for
+.Nm more
+are based on
+.Xr vi 1 .
+Some commands may be preceeded by a decimal number, called N in the
+descriptions below.
+In the following descriptions, ^X means control-X.
+.Pp
+.Bl -tag -width Ic
+.It Ic h
+Help: display a summary of these commands.
+If you forget all the other commands, remember this one.
+.It Xo
+.Ic SPACE
+.No or
+.Ic f
+.No or
+.Ic \&^F
+.Xc
+Scroll forward N lines, default one window.
+If N is more than the screen size, only the final screenful is displayed.
+.It Ic b No or Ic \&^B
+Scroll backward N lines, default one window (see option -z below).
+If N is more than the screen size, only the final screenful is displayed.
+.It Ic j No or Ic RETURN
+Scroll forward N lines, default 1.
+The entire N lines are displayed, even if N is more than the screen size.
+.It Ic k
+Scroll backward N lines, default 1.
+The entire N lines are displayed, even if N is more than the screen size.
+.It Ic d No or Ic \&^D
+Scroll forward N lines, default one half of the screen size.
+If N is specified, it becomes the new default for
+subsequent d and u commands.
+.It Ic u No or Ic \&^U
+Scroll backward N lines, default one half of the screen size.
+If N is specified, it becomes the new default for
+subsequent d and u commands.
+.It Ic g
+Go to line N in the file, default 1 (beginning of file).
+.It Ic G
+Go to line N in the file, default the end of the file.
+.It Ic p No or Ic \&%
+Go to a position N percent into the file. N should be between 0
+and 100. (This works if standard input is being read, but only if
+.Nm more
+has already read to the end of the file. It is always fast, but
+not always useful.)
+.It Ic r No or Ic \&^L
+Repaint the screen.
+.It Ic R
+Repaint the screen, discarding any buffered input.
+Useful if the file is changing while it is being viewed.
+.It Ic m
+Followed by any lowercase letter,
+marks the current position with that letter.
+.It Ic \&'
+(Single quote.)
+Followed by any lowercase letter, returns to the position which
+was previously marked with that letter.
+Followed by another single quote, returns to the position at
+which the last "large" movement command was executed, or the
+beginning of the file if no such movements have occurred.
+All marks are lost when a new file is examined.
+.It Ic \&! Ns Ar command
+Invoke a shell command. The characters `%', `#', and `!'
+are replaced by the current file name, previous filename
+and previous shell command, respectively. If there is no
+current or previous filename, `%' and `#' are not expanded.
+`\%' `\#' and `\!' are replaced by `%', `#' and `!',
+respectively.
+.It Ic \&/ Ns Ar pattern
+Search forward in the file for the N-th line containing the pattern.
+N defaults to 1.
+The pattern is a regular expression, as recognized by
+.Xr ed .
+The search starts at the second line displayed.
+.It Ic \&? Ns Ar pattern
+Search backward in the file for the N-th line containing the pattern.
+The search starts at the line immediately before the top line displayed.
+.It Ic \&/\&! Ns Ar pattern
+Like /, but the search is for the N-th line
+which does NOT contain the pattern.
+.It Ic \&?\&! Ns Ar pattern
+Like ?, but the search is for the N-th line
+which does NOT contain the pattern.
+.It Ic n
+Repeat previous search, for N-th line containing the last pattern
+(or
+.Tn NOT
+containing the last pattern, if the previous search
+was /! or ?!).
+.It Ic E Ns Op Ar filename
+Examine a new file.
+If the filename is missing, the "current" file (see the N and P commands
+below) from the list of files in the command line is re-examined.
+If the filename is a pound sign (#), the previously examined file is
+re-examined.
+.It Ic N No or Ic \&:n
+Examine the next file (from the list of files given in the command line).
+If a number N is specified (not to be confused with the command N),
+the N-th next file is examined.
+.It Ic P No or Ic \&:p
+Examine the previous file.
+If a number N is specified, the N-th previous file is examined.
+.It Ic \&:t
+Go to supplied tag.
+.It Ic v
+Invokes an editor to edit the current file being viewed.
+The editor is taken from the environment variable
+.Ev EDITOR ,
+or defaults to
+.Xr vi 1 .
+.It Ic \&= No or Ic \&^G
+These options print out the number of the file currently being displayed
+relative to the total number of files there are to display, the current
+line number, the current byte number and the total bytes to display, and
+what percentage of the file has been displayed. If
+.Nm more
+is reading from stdin, or the file is shorter than a single screen, some
+of these items may not be available. Note, all of these items reference
+the first byte of the last line displayed on the screen.
+.It Xo
+.Ic q
+.No or
+.Ic \&:q
+.No or
+.Ic ZZ
+.Xc
+Exits
+.Nm more .
+.El
+.Sh ENVIRONMENT
+.Nm More
+utilizes the following environment variables, if they exist:
+.Bl -tag -width Fl
+.It Ev MORE
+This variable may be set with favored options to
+.Nm more .
+.It Ev EDITOR
+Specify default editor.
+.It Ev SHELL
+Current shell in use (normally set by the shell at login time).
+.It Ev TERM
+Specifies terminal type, used by more to get the terminal
+characteristics necessary to manipulate the screen.
+.El
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr ctags 1 ,
+.Xr vi 1
+.Sh AUTHOR
+This software is derived from software contributed to Berkeley
+by Mark Nudleman.
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Nm more
+command appeared in
+.Bx 3.0 .