diff options
author | Theo de Raadt <deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org> | 1996-01-05 14:00:24 +0000 |
---|---|---|
committer | Theo de Raadt <deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org> | 1996-01-05 14:00:24 +0000 |
commit | 69e6d7387ae9d8094c12039303640c702448d3ca (patch) | |
tree | 5ed564444a419044f6763f10eca75388e0ac2c67 /usr.sbin/syslogd/syslogd.c | |
parent | aa92519ee5ee55fd7e740bcdc80e8954c3d4644c (diff) |
sync with 4.4lite2 version, as well as netbsd changes merged by perry.
retain openbsd changes too.
Diffstat (limited to 'usr.sbin/syslogd/syslogd.c')
-rw-r--r-- | usr.sbin/syslogd/syslogd.c | 346 |
1 files changed, 181 insertions, 165 deletions
diff --git a/usr.sbin/syslogd/syslogd.c b/usr.sbin/syslogd/syslogd.c index 0bef15989fc..842497deab6 100644 --- a/usr.sbin/syslogd/syslogd.c +++ b/usr.sbin/syslogd/syslogd.c @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ /* - * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988 Regents of the University of California. - * All rights reserved. + * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993, 1994 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions @@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ */ #ifndef lint -char copyright[] = -"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988 Regents of the University of California.\n\ - All rights reserved.\n"; +static char copyright[] = +"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993, 1994\n\ + The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; #endif /* not lint */ #ifndef lint -/*static char sccsid[] = "from: @(#)syslogd.c 5.45 (Berkeley) 3/2/91";*/ -static char rcsid[] = "$Id: syslogd.c,v 1.2 1995/12/15 18:19:24 deraadt Exp $"; +/*static char sccsid[] = "@(#)syslogd.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/4/94";*/ +static char rcsid[] = "$NetBSD: syslogd.c,v 1.5 1996/01/02 17:48:41 perry Exp $"; #endif /* not lint */ /* @@ -69,30 +69,33 @@ static char rcsid[] = "$Id: syslogd.c,v 1.2 1995/12/15 18:19:24 deraadt Exp $"; #define DEFUPRI (LOG_USER|LOG_NOTICE) #define DEFSPRI (LOG_KERN|LOG_CRIT) #define TIMERINTVL 30 /* interval for checking flush, mark */ +#define TTYMSGTIME 1 /* timeout passed to ttymsg */ #include <sys/param.h> -#include <sys/errno.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/socket.h> -#include <sys/file.h> #include <sys/msgbuf.h> #include <sys/uio.h> #include <sys/un.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <sys/resource.h> -#include <sys/signal.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> +#include <arpa/inet.h> -#include <utmp.h> +#include <ctype.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <fcntl.h> #include <setjmp.h> +#include <signal.h> #include <stdio.h> -#include <ctype.h> +#include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> +#include <utmp.h> #include "pathnames.h" #define SYSLOG_NAMES @@ -186,27 +189,35 @@ int MarkInterval = 20 * 60; /* interval between marks in seconds */ int MarkSeq = 0; /* mark sequence number */ int SecureMode = 0; /* when true, speak only unix domain socks */ -extern int errno; -extern char *ctime(), *index(), *calloc(); - +void cfline __P((char *, struct filed *)); +char *cvthname __P((struct sockaddr_in *)); +int decode __P((const char *, CODE *)); +void die __P((int)); +void domark __P((int)); +void fprintlog __P((struct filed *, int, char *)); +void init __P((int)); +void logerror __P((char *)); +void logmsg __P((int, char *, char *, int)); +void printline __P((char *, char *)); +void printsys __P((char *)); +void reapchild __P((int)); +char *ttymsg __P((struct iovec *, int, char *, int)); +void usage __P((void)); +void wallmsg __P((struct filed *, struct iovec *)); + +int main(argc, argv) int argc; - char **argv; + char *argv[]; { - register int i; - register char *p; - int funix, inetm, fklog, klogm, len; + int ch, funix, i, inetm, fklog, klogm, len; struct sockaddr_un sunx, fromunix; struct sockaddr_in sin, frominet; FILE *fp; - int ch; - char line[MSG_BSIZE + 1]; - extern int optind; - extern char *optarg; - void die(), domark(), init(), reapchild(); + char *p, line[MSG_BSIZE + 1]; while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "dsf:m:p:")) != EOF) - switch((char)ch) { + switch(ch) { case 'd': /* debug */ Debug++; break; @@ -226,38 +237,39 @@ main(argc, argv) default: usage(); } - if (argc -= optind) + if ((argc -= optind) != 0) usage(); if (!Debug) - daemon(0, 0); + (void)daemon(0, 0); else setlinebuf(stdout); consfile.f_type = F_CONSOLE; - (void) strcpy(consfile.f_un.f_fname, ctty); - (void) gethostname(LocalHostName, sizeof LocalHostName); - if (p = index(LocalHostName, '.')) { + (void)strcpy(consfile.f_un.f_fname, ctty); + (void)gethostname(LocalHostName, sizeof(LocalHostName)); + if ((p = strchr(LocalHostName, '.')) != NULL) { *p++ = '\0'; LocalDomain = p; - } - else + } else LocalDomain = ""; - (void) signal(SIGTERM, die); - (void) signal(SIGINT, Debug ? die : SIG_IGN); - (void) signal(SIGQUIT, Debug ? die : SIG_IGN); - (void) signal(SIGCHLD, reapchild); - (void) signal(SIGALRM, domark); - (void) alarm(TIMERINTVL); - (void) unlink(LogName); - - bzero((char *)&sunx, sizeof(sunx)); + (void)signal(SIGTERM, die); + (void)signal(SIGINT, Debug ? die : SIG_IGN); + (void)signal(SIGQUIT, Debug ? die : SIG_IGN); + (void)signal(SIGCHLD, reapchild); + (void)signal(SIGALRM, domark); + (void)alarm(TIMERINTVL); + (void)unlink(LogName); + +#ifndef SUN_LEN +#define SUN_LEN(unp) (strlen((unp)->sun_path) + 2) +#endif + memset(&sunx, 0, sizeof(sunx)); sunx.sun_family = AF_UNIX; - (void) strncpy(sunx.sun_path, LogName, sizeof sunx.sun_path); + (void)strncpy(sunx.sun_path, LogName, sizeof(sunx.sun_path)); funix = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); - if (funix < 0 || bind(funix, (struct sockaddr *) &sunx, - sizeof(sunx.sun_family)+sizeof(sunx.sun_len)+ - strlen(sunx.sun_path)) < 0 || + if (funix < 0 || + bind(funix, (struct sockaddr *)&sunx, SUN_LEN(&sunx)) < 0 || chmod(LogName, 0666) < 0) { (void) sprintf(line, "cannot create %s", LogName); logerror(line); @@ -272,6 +284,9 @@ main(argc, argv) } if (finet >= 0) { struct servent *sp; + inetm = 0; + if (finet >= 0) { + struct servent *sp; sp = getservbyname("syslog", "udp"); if (sp == NULL) { @@ -279,7 +294,7 @@ main(argc, argv) logerror("syslog/udp: unknown service"); die(0); } - bzero((char *)&sin, sizeof(sin)); + memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin)); sin.sin_family = AF_INET; sin.sin_port = LogPort = sp->s_port; if (bind(finet, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0) { @@ -307,16 +322,15 @@ main(argc, argv) dprintf("off & running....\n"); - init(); - (void) signal(SIGHUP, init); + init(0); + (void)signal(SIGHUP, init); for (;;) { int nfds, readfds = FDMASK(funix) | inetm | klogm; - errno = 0; dprintf("readfds = %#x\n", readfds); - nfds = select(20, (fd_set *) &readfds, (fd_set *) NULL, - (fd_set *) NULL, (struct timeval *) NULL); + nfds = select(20, (fd_set *)&readfds, (fd_set *)NULL, + (fd_set *)NULL, (struct timeval *)NULL); if (nfds == 0) continue; if (nfds < 0) { @@ -337,9 +351,9 @@ main(argc, argv) } } if (readfds & FDMASK(funix)) { - len = sizeof fromunix; + len = sizeof(fromunix); i = recvfrom(funix, line, MAXLINE, 0, - (struct sockaddr *) &fromunix, &len); + (struct sockaddr *)&fromunix, &len); if (i > 0) { line[i] = '\0'; printline(LocalHostName, line); @@ -347,12 +361,10 @@ main(argc, argv) logerror("recvfrom unix"); } if (readfds & inetm) { - len = sizeof frominet; + len = sizeof(frominet); i = recvfrom(finet, line, MAXLINE, 0, - (struct sockaddr *) &frominet, &len); + (struct sockaddr *)&frominet, &len); if (i > 0) { - extern char *cvthname(); - line[i] = '\0'; printline(cvthname(&frominet), line); } else if (i < 0 && errno != EINTR) @@ -361,9 +373,11 @@ main(argc, argv) } } +void usage() { - (void) fprintf(stderr, + + (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: syslogd [-f conffile] [-m markinterval] [-p logpath]\n"); exit(1); } @@ -372,15 +386,13 @@ usage() * Take a raw input line, decode the message, and print the message * on the appropriate log files. */ - +void printline(hname, msg) char *hname; char *msg; { - register char *p, *q; - register int c; - char line[MAXLINE + 1]; - int pri; + int c, pri; + char *p, *q, line[MAXLINE + 1]; /* test for special codes */ pri = DEFUPRI; @@ -422,18 +434,15 @@ printline(hname, msg) /* * Take a raw input line from /dev/klog, split and format similar to syslog(). */ - +void printsys(msg) char *msg; { - register char *p, *q; - register int c; - char line[MAXLINE + 1]; - int pri, flags; - char *lp; - - (void) strcpy(line, _PATH_UNIX); - (void) strcat(line, ": "); + int c, pri, flags; + char *lp, *p, *q, line[MAXLINE + 1]; + + (void)strcpy(line, _PATH_UNIX); + (void)strcat(line, ": "); lp = line + strlen(line); for (p = msg; *p != '\0'; ) { flags = SYNC_FILE | ADDDATE; /* fsync file after write */ @@ -465,17 +474,15 @@ time_t now; * Log a message to the appropriate log files, users, etc. based on * the priority. */ - +void logmsg(pri, msg, from, flags) int pri; char *msg, *from; int flags; { - register struct filed *f; - int fac, prilev; - int omask, msglen; + struct filed *f; + int fac, msglen, omask, prilev; char *timestamp; - time_t time(); dprintf("logmsg: pri %o, flags %x, from %s, msg %s\n", pri, flags, from, msg); @@ -490,7 +497,7 @@ logmsg(pri, msg, from, flags) msg[9] != ':' || msg[12] != ':' || msg[15] != ' ') flags |= ADDDATE; - (void) time(&now); + (void)time(&now); if (flags & ADDDATE) timestamp = ctime(&now) + 4; else { @@ -513,9 +520,9 @@ logmsg(pri, msg, from, flags) if (f->f_file >= 0) { fprintlog(f, flags, msg); - (void) close(f->f_file); + (void)close(f->f_file); } - (void) sigsetmask(omask); + (void)sigsetmask(omask); return; } for (f = Files; f; f = f->f_next) { @@ -537,7 +544,7 @@ logmsg(pri, msg, from, flags) if ((flags & MARK) == 0 && msglen == f->f_prevlen && !strcmp(msg, f->f_prevline) && !strcmp(from, f->f_prevhost)) { - (void) strncpy(f->f_lasttime, timestamp, 15); + (void)strncpy(f->f_lasttime, timestamp, 15); f->f_prevcount++; dprintf("msg repeated %d times, %ld sec of %d\n", f->f_prevcount, now - f->f_time, @@ -558,12 +565,12 @@ logmsg(pri, msg, from, flags) fprintlog(f, 0, (char *)NULL); f->f_repeatcount = 0; f->f_prevpri = pri; - (void) strncpy(f->f_lasttime, timestamp, 15); - (void) strncpy(f->f_prevhost, from, + (void)strncpy(f->f_lasttime, timestamp, 15); + (void)strncpy(f->f_prevhost, from, sizeof(f->f_prevhost)); if (msglen < MAXSVLINE) { f->f_prevlen = msglen; - (void) strcpy(f->f_prevline, msg); + (void)strcpy(f->f_prevline, msg); fprintlog(f, flags, (char *)NULL); } else { f->f_prevline[0] = 0; @@ -572,17 +579,18 @@ logmsg(pri, msg, from, flags) } } } - (void) sigsetmask(omask); + (void)sigsetmask(omask); } +void fprintlog(f, flags, msg) - register struct filed *f; + struct filed *f; int flags; char *msg; { struct iovec iov[6]; - register struct iovec *v; - register int l; + struct iovec *v; + int l; char line[MAXLINE + 1], repbuf[80], greetings[200]; v = iov; @@ -639,9 +647,9 @@ fprintlog(f, flags, msg) l = MAXLINE; if (sendto(finet, line, l, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr, - sizeof f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr) != l) { + sizeof(f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr)) != l) { int e = errno; - (void) close(f->f_file); + (void)close(f->f_file); f->f_type = F_UNUSED; errno = e; logerror("sendto"); @@ -668,7 +676,7 @@ fprintlog(f, flags, msg) again: if (writev(f->f_file, iov, 6) < 0) { int e = errno; - (void) close(f->f_file); + (void)close(f->f_file); /* * Check for errors on TTY's due to loss of tty */ @@ -686,7 +694,7 @@ fprintlog(f, flags, msg) logerror(f->f_un.f_fname); } } else if (flags & SYNC_FILE) - (void) fsync(f->f_file); + (void)fsync(f->f_file); break; case F_USERS: @@ -706,16 +714,17 @@ fprintlog(f, flags, msg) * Write the specified message to either the entire * world, or a list of approved users. */ - +void wallmsg(f, iov) - register struct filed *f; + struct filed *f; struct iovec *iov; { static int reenter; /* avoid calling ourselves */ - register FILE *uf; - register int i; + FILE *uf; struct utmp ut; - char *p, *ttymsg(); + int i; + char *p; + char line[sizeof(ut.ut_line) + 1]; if (reenter++) return; @@ -725,11 +734,13 @@ wallmsg(f, iov) return; } /* NOSTRICT */ - while (fread((char *) &ut, sizeof ut, 1, uf) == 1) { + while (fread((char *)&ut, sizeof(ut), 1, uf) == 1) { if (ut.ut_name[0] == '\0') continue; + strncpy(line, ut.ut_line, sizeof(ut.ut_line)); + line[sizeof(ut.ut_line)] = '\0'; if (f->f_type == F_WALL) { - if (p = ttymsg(iov, 6, ut.ut_line, 1)) { + if ((p = ttymsg(iov, 6, line, TTYMSGTIME)) != NULL) { errno = 0; /* already in msg */ logerror(p); } @@ -741,7 +752,8 @@ wallmsg(f, iov) break; if (!strncmp(f->f_un.f_uname[i], ut.ut_name, UT_NAMESIZE)) { - if (p = ttymsg(iov, 6, ut.ut_line, 1)) { + if ((p = ttymsg(iov, 6, line, TTYMSGTIME)) + != NULL) { errno = 0; /* already in msg */ logerror(p); } @@ -749,16 +761,17 @@ wallmsg(f, iov) } } } - (void) fclose(uf); + (void)fclose(uf); reenter = 0; } void -reapchild() +reapchild(signo) + int signo; { union wait status; - while (wait3((int *)&status, WNOHANG, (struct rusage *) NULL) > 0) + while (wait3((int *)&status, WNOHANG, (struct rusage *)NULL) > 0) ; } @@ -770,8 +783,7 @@ cvthname(f) struct sockaddr_in *f; { struct hostent *hp; - register char *p; - extern char *inet_ntoa(); + char *p; dprintf("cvthname(%s)\n", inet_ntoa(f->sin_addr)); @@ -786,16 +798,16 @@ cvthname(f) inet_ntoa(f->sin_addr)); return (inet_ntoa(f->sin_addr)); } - if ((p = index(hp->h_name, '.')) && strcmp(p + 1, LocalDomain) == 0) + if ((p = strchr(hp->h_name, '.')) && strcmp(p + 1, LocalDomain) == 0) *p = '\0'; return (hp->h_name); } void -domark() +domark(signo) + int signo; { - register struct filed *f; - time_t time(); + struct filed *f; now = time((time_t *)NULL); MarkSeq += TIMERINTVL; @@ -813,30 +825,33 @@ domark() BACKOFF(f); } } - (void) alarm(TIMERINTVL); + (void)alarm(TIMERINTVL); } /* * Print syslogd errors some place. */ +void logerror(type) char *type; { - char buf[100], *strerror(); + char buf[100]; if (errno) - (void) sprintf(buf, "syslogd: %s: %s", type, strerror(errno)); + (void)snprintf(buf, + sizeof(buf), "syslogd: %s: %s", type, strerror(errno)); else - (void) sprintf(buf, "syslogd: %s", type); + (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "syslogd: %s", type); errno = 0; dprintf("%s\n", buf); logmsg(LOG_SYSLOG|LOG_ERR, buf, LocalHostName, ADDDATE); } void -die(sig) +die(signo) + int signo; { - register struct filed *f; + struct filed *f; char buf[100]; for (f = Files; f != NULL; f = f->f_next) { @@ -844,28 +859,28 @@ die(sig) if (f->f_prevcount) fprintlog(f, 0, (char *)NULL); } - if (sig) { - dprintf("syslogd: exiting on signal %d\n", sig); - (void) sprintf(buf, "exiting on signal %d", sig); + if (signo) { + dprintf("syslogd: exiting on signal %d\n", signo); + (void)sprintf(buf, "exiting on signal %d", signo); errno = 0; logerror(buf); } - (void) unlink(LogName); + (void)unlink(LogName); exit(0); } /* * INIT -- Initialize syslogd from configuration table */ - void -init() +init(signo) + int signo; { - register int i; - register FILE *cf; - register struct filed *f, *next, **nextp; - register char *p; - char cline[BUFSIZ]; + int i; + FILE *cf; + struct filed *f, *next, **nextp; + char *p; + char cline[LINE_MAX]; dprintf("init\n"); @@ -879,15 +894,15 @@ init() fprintlog(f, 0, (char *)NULL); switch (f->f_type) { - case F_FILE: - case F_TTY: - case F_CONSOLE: - case F_FORW: - (void) close(f->f_file); + case F_FILE: + case F_TTY: + case F_CONSOLE: + case F_FORW: + (void)close(f->f_file); break; } next = f->f_next; - free((char *) f); + free((char *)f); } Files = NULL; nextp = &Files; @@ -907,15 +922,17 @@ init() * Foreach line in the conf table, open that file. */ f = NULL; - while (fgets(cline, sizeof cline, cf) != NULL) { + while (fgets(cline, sizeof(cline), cf) != NULL) { /* * check for end-of-section, comments, strip off trailing * spaces and newline character. */ - for (p = cline; isspace(*p); ++p); + for (p = cline; isspace(*p); ++p) + continue; if (*p == NULL || *p == '#') continue; - for (p = index(cline, '\0'); isspace(*--p);); + for (p = strchr(cline, '\0'); isspace(*--p);) + continue; *++p = '\0'; f = (struct filed *)calloc(1, sizeof(*f)); *nextp = f; @@ -924,7 +941,7 @@ init() } /* close the configuration file */ - (void) fclose(cf); + (void)fclose(cf); Initialized = 1; @@ -963,17 +980,14 @@ init() /* * Crack a configuration file line */ - +void cfline(line, f) char *line; - register struct filed *f; + struct filed *f; { - register char *p; - register char *q; - register int i; - char *bp; - int pri; struct hostent *hp; + int i, pri; + char *bp, *p, *q; char buf[MAXLINE], ebuf[100]; dprintf("cfline(%s)\n", line); @@ -981,7 +995,7 @@ cfline(line, f) errno = 0; /* keep strerror() stuff out of logerror messages */ /* clear out file entry */ - bzero((char *) f, sizeof *f); + memset(f, 0, sizeof(*f)); for (i = 0; i <= LOG_NFACILITIES; i++) f->f_pmask[i] = INTERNAL_NOPRI; @@ -993,12 +1007,12 @@ cfline(line, f) continue; /* collect priority name */ - for (bp = buf; *q && !index("\t,;", *q); ) + for (bp = buf; *q && !strchr("\t,;", *q); ) *bp++ = *q++; *bp = '\0'; /* skip cruft */ - while (index(", ;", *q)) + while (strchr(", ;", *q)) q++; /* decode priority name */ @@ -1007,7 +1021,7 @@ cfline(line, f) else { pri = decode(buf, prioritynames); if (pri < 0) { - (void) sprintf(ebuf, + (void)sprintf(ebuf, "unknown priority name \"%s\"", buf); logerror(ebuf); return; @@ -1015,8 +1029,8 @@ cfline(line, f) } /* scan facilities */ - while (*p && !index("\t.;", *p)) { - for (bp = buf; *p && !index("\t,;.", *p); ) + while (*p && !strchr("\t.;", *p)) { + for (bp = buf; *p && !strchr("\t,;.", *p); ) *bp++ = *p++; *bp = '\0'; if (*buf == '*') @@ -1025,7 +1039,7 @@ cfline(line, f) else { i = decode(buf, facilitynames); if (i < 0) { - (void) sprintf(ebuf, + (void)sprintf(ebuf, "unknown facility name \"%s\"", buf); logerror(ebuf); @@ -1049,7 +1063,7 @@ cfline(line, f) case '@': if (!InetInuse) break; - (void) strcpy(f->f_un.f_forw.f_hname, ++p); + (void)strcpy(f->f_un.f_forw.f_hname, ++p); hp = gethostbyname(p); if (hp == NULL) { extern int h_errno; @@ -1057,16 +1071,16 @@ cfline(line, f) logerror(hstrerror(h_errno)); break; } - bzero((char *) &f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr, - sizeof f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr); + memset(&f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr, 0, + sizeof(f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr)); f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr.sin_port = LogPort; - bcopy(hp->h_addr, (char *) &f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr.sin_addr, hp->h_length); + memmove(&f->f_un.f_forw.f_addr.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length); f->f_type = F_FORW; break; case '/': - (void) strcpy(f->f_un.f_fname, p); + (void)strcpy(f->f_un.f_fname, p); if ((f->f_file = open(p, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND, 0)) < 0) { f->f_file = F_UNUSED; logerror(p); @@ -1088,7 +1102,7 @@ cfline(line, f) for (i = 0; i < MAXUNAMES && *p; i++) { for (q = p; *q && *q != ','; ) q++; - (void) strncpy(f->f_un.f_uname[i], p, UT_NAMESIZE); + (void)strncpy(f->f_un.f_uname[i], p, UT_NAMESIZE); if ((q - p) > UT_NAMESIZE) f->f_un.f_uname[i][UT_NAMESIZE] = '\0'; else @@ -1106,22 +1120,24 @@ cfline(line, f) /* * Decode a symbolic name to a numeric value */ - +int decode(name, codetab) - char *name; + const char *name; CODE *codetab; { - register CODE *c; - register char *p; - char buf[40]; + CODE *c; + char *p, buf[40]; if (isdigit(*name)) return (atoi(name)); - (void) strcpy(buf, name); - for (p = buf; *p; p++) - if (isupper(*p)) - *p = tolower(*p); + for (p = buf; *name && p < &buf[sizeof(buf) - 1]; p++, name++) { + if (isupper(*name)) + *p = tolower(*name); + else + *p = *name; + } + *p = '\0'; for (c = codetab; c->c_name; c++) if (!strcmp(buf, c->c_name)) return (c->c_val); |