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diff --git a/gnu/usr.bin/dc/dc.1 b/gnu/usr.bin/dc/dc.1 deleted file mode 100644 index 186d311b264..00000000000 --- a/gnu/usr.bin/dc/dc.1 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,390 +0,0 @@ -.TH DC 1 "07 Apr 1994" "GNU Project" -.ds dc \fIdc\fP -.ds Dc \fIDc\fP -.SH -NAME -dc \- an arbitrary precision calculator -.SH -SYNOPSIS -dc -.SH -DESCRIPTION -.PP -\*(Dc is a reverse-polish desk calculator which supports -unlimited precision arithmetic. -It also allows you to define and call macros. -Normally \*(dc reads from the standard input; -if any command arguments are given to it, they are filenames, -and \*(dc reads and executes the contents of the files before reading -from standard input. -All normal output is to standard output; -all error output is to standard error. -.PP -A reverse-polish calculator stores numbers on a stack. -Entering a number pushes it on the stack. -Arithmetic operations pop arguments off the stack and push the results. -.PP -To enter a number in -.IR dc , -type the digits with an optional decimal point. -Exponential notation is not supported. -To enter a negative number, -begin the number with ``_''. -``-'' cannot be used for this, -as it is a binary operator for subtraction instead. -To enter two numbers in succession, -separate them with spaces or newlines. -These have no meaning as commands. -.PD -.SH -Printing Commands -.TP -.B p -Prints the value on the top of the stack, -without altering the stack. -A newline is printed after the value. -.TP -.B P -Prints the value on the top of the stack, popping it off, -and does not print a newline after. -.TP -.B f -Prints the entire contents of the stack -.ig -and the contents of all of the registers, -.. -without altering anything. -This is a good command to use if you are lost or want -to figure out what the effect of some command has been. -.PD -.SH -Arithmetic -.TP -.B + -Pops two values off the stack, adds them, -and pushes the result. -The precision of the result is determined only -by the values of the arguments, -and is enough to be exact. -.TP -.B - -Pops two values, -subtracts the first one popped from the second one popped, -and pushes the result. -.TP -.B * -Pops two values, multiplies them, and pushes the result. -The number of fraction digits in the result is controlled -by the current precision value (see below) and does not -depend on the values being multiplied. -.TP -.B / -Pops two values, -divides the second one popped from the first one popped, -and pushes the result. -The number of fraction digits is specified by the precision value. -.TP -.B % -Pops two values, -computes the remainder of the division that the -.B / -command would do, -and pushes that. -The division is done with as many fraction digits -as the precision value specifies, -and the remainder is also computed with that many fraction digits. -.TP -.B ^ -Pops two values and exponentiates, -using the first value popped as the exponent -and the second popped as the base. -The fraction part of the exponent is ignored. -The precision value specifies the number of fraction -digits in the result. -.TP -.B v -Pops one value, -computes its square root, -and pushes that. -The precision value specifies the number of fraction digits in the result. -.PP -Most arithmetic operations are affected by the ``precision value'', -which you can set with the -.B k -command. -The default precision value is zero, -which means that all arithmetic except for -addition and subtraction produces integer results. -.PP -The remainder operation -.B % -requires some explanation: -applied to arguments ``a'' and ``b'' it produces ``a - (b * (a / b))'', -where ``a / b'' is computed in the current precision. -.SH -Stack Control -.TP -.B c -Clears the stack, rendering it empty. -.TP -.B d -Duplicates the value on the top of the stack, -pushing another copy of it. -Thus, ``4d*p'' computes 4 squared and prints it. -.SH -Registers -.PP -\*(Dc provides 256 memory registers, -each named by a single character. -You can store a number or a string in a register and retrieve it later. -.TP -.BI s r -Pop the value off the top of the stack and store -it into register -.IR r . -.TP -.BI l r -Copy the value in register -.I r -and push it onto the stack. -This does not alter the contents of -.IR r . -.PP -Each register also contains its own stack. -The current register value is the top of the register's stack. -.TP -.BI S r -Pop the value off the top of the (main) stack and -push it onto the stack of register -.IR r . -The previous value of the register becomes inaccessible. -.TP -.BI L r -Pop the value off the top of register -.IR r 's -stack and push it onto the main stack. -The previous value -in register -.IR r 's -stack, if any, -is now accessible via the -.BI l r -command. -.ig -.PP -The -.B f -command prints a list of all registers that have contents stored in them, -together with their contents. -Only the current contents of each register -(the top of its stack) -is printed. -.. -.SH -Parameters -.PP -\*(Dc has three parameters that control its operation: -the precision, the input radix, and the output radix. -The precision specifies the number -of fraction digits to keep in the result of most arithmetic operations. -The input radix controls the interpretation of numbers typed in; -all numbers typed in use this radix. -The output radix is used for printing numbers. -.PP -The input and output radices are separate parameters; -you can make them unequal, -which can be useful or confusing. -The input radix must be between 2 and 36 inclusive. -The output radix must be at least 2. -The precision must be zero or greater. -The precision is always measured in decimal digits, -regardless of the current input or output radix. -.TP -.B i -Pops the value off the top of the stack -and uses it to set the input radix. -.TP -.B o -Pops the value off the top of the stack -and uses it to set the output radix. -.TP -.B k -Pops the value off the top of the stack -and uses it to set the precision. -.TP -.B I -Pushes the current input radix on the stack. -.TP -.B O -Pushes the current output radix on the stack. -.TP -.B K -Pushes the current precision on the stack. -.SH -Strings -.PP -\*(Dc can operate on strings as well as on numbers. -The only things you can do with strings are -print them and execute them as macros -(which means that the contents of the string are processed as -\*(dc commands). -All registers and the stack can hold strings, -and \*(dc always knows whether any given object is a string or a number. -Some commands such as arithmetic operations demand numbers -as arguments and print errors if given strings. -Other commands can accept either a number or a string; -for example, the -.B p -command can accept either and prints the object -according to its type. -.TP -.BI [ characters ] -Makes a string containing -.I characters -(contained between balanced -.B [ -and -.B ] -characters), -and pushes it on the stack. -For example, -.B [foo]P -prints the characters -.B foo -(with no newline). -.TP -.B x -Pops a value off the stack and executes it as a macro. -Normally it should be a string; -if it is a number, -it is simply pushed back onto the stack. -For example, -.B [1p]x -executes the macro -.B 1p -which pushes -.B 1 -on the stack and prints -.B 1 -on a separate line. -.PP -Macros are most often stored in registers; -.B [1p]sa -stores a macro to print -.B 1 -into register -.BR a , -and -.B lax -invokes this macro. -.TP -.BI > r -Pops two values off the stack and compares them -assuming they are numbers, -executing the contents of register -.I r -as a macro if the original top-of-stack -is greater. -Thus, -.B 1 2>a -will invoke register -.BR a 's -contents and -.B 2 1>a -will not. -.TP -.BI < r -Similar but invokes the macro if the original top-of-stack is less. -.TP -.BI = r -Similar but invokes the macro if the two numbers popped are equal. -.ig -This can also be validly used to compare two strings for equality. -.. -.TP -.B ? -Reads a line from the terminal and executes it. -This command allows a macro to request input from the user. -.TP -.B q -exits from a macro and also from the macro which invoked it. -If called from the top level, -or from a macro which was called directly from the top level, -the -.B q -command will cause \*(dc to exit. -.TP -.B Q -Pops a value off the stack and uses it as a count -of levels of macro execution to be exited. -Thus, -.B 3Q -exits three levels. -The -.B Q -command will never cause \*(dc to exit. -.SH -Status Inquiry -.TP -.B Z -Pops a value off the stack, -calculates the number of digits it has -(or number of characters, if it is a string) -and pushes that number. -.TP -.B X -Pops a value off the stack, -calculates the number of fraction digits it has, -and pushes that number. -For a string, -the value pushed is -.\" -1. -0. -.TP -.B z -Pushes the current stack depth; -the number of objects on the stack before the execution of the -.B z -command. -.SH -Miscellaneous -.TP -.B ! -Will run the rest of the line as a system command. -.TP -.B # -Will interpret the rest of the line as a comment. -.TP -.BI : r -Will pop the top two values off of the stack. -The old second-to-top value will be stored in the array -.IR r , -indexed by the old top-of-stack value. -.TP -.BI ; r -Pops the top-of-stack and uses it as an index into -the array -.IR r . -The selected value is then pushed onto the stack. -.SH -NOTES -.PP -The array operations -.B : -and -.B ; -are usually only used by traditional implementations of -.IR bc . -(The GNU -.I bc -is self contained and does not need \*(dc to run.) -The comment operator -.B # -is a new command not found in traditional implementations of -.IR dc . -.SH -BUGS -.PP -Email bug reports to -.BR bug-gnu-utils@prep.ai.mit.edu . -Be sure to include the word ``dc'' somewhere in the ``Subject:'' field. |