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-.\" $OpenBSD: st.4,v 1.15 2003/06/06 10:29:42 jmc Exp $
-.\"
-.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
-.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
-.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
-.\" Science Department.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\" without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\"
-.\" from: @(#)st.4 8.2 (Berkeley) 11/30/93
-.\"
-.Dd November 30, 1993
-.Dt ST 4 hp300
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm st
-.Nd
-.Tn CCS SCSI
-tape driver
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Cd "st* at oscsi? target ? lun ?"
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-The
-.Nm
-driver was written especially to support the Exabyte
-.Tn EXB-8200 8MM
-Cartridge
-Tape Subsystem.
-It has several extensions specific to the Exabyte, but should support other
-tape drives as long as they follow the
-.Tn ANSI SCSI-I
-specification.
-Besides extensive use with an Exabyte, the driver has been tested with an
-Archive
-.Tn QIC-24
-tape drive.
-The
-.Nm
-tape interface provides a standard tape drive interface
-as described in
-.Xr mtio 4
-with the following exceptions:
-.Bl -enum
-.It
-Density is dependent on device type.
-Current Exabyte hardware has only one density.
-The
-.Tn EXB-8500
-drive, when released, will have a high
-density format of
-.Tn 5.6GB .
-On an Archive
-.Tn QIC-24
-drive the driver reads both
-.Tn QIC-11
-and
-.Tn QIC-24
-formats
-but writes only
-.Tn QIC-24 .
-.It
-Only the ``raw'' interface is supported.
-.El
-.Pp
-Special Exabyte Support:
-.Pp
-The
-.Dv MTIOCGET
-.Xr ioctl 2
-call on an Exabyte returns this structure:
-.Bd -literal
-struct mtget {
- short mt_type; /* type of magtape device */
- short mt_dsreg; /* sc_flags */
- short mt_erreg; /* high 8 bytes error status */
- /* low 8 bytes percentage of Rewrites
- if writing, ECC errors if reading */
- short mt_resid; /* Mbyte until end of tape */
-};
-.Ed
-.Pp
-Bit 4 in the minor device number is used
-to select long filemarks or short filemarks.
-A long filemark occupies 2.12 MBytes of space on the tape, while a short
-filemark occupies 488 KBytes.
-A long filemark includes an erase gap while the short filemark does not.
-The tape can be positioned on the
-.Tn BOT
-side of a long filemark allowing
-data to be appended with a write operation.
-Since the short filemark does not contain an erase gap which would allow
-writing it is considered to be non-erasable.
-If either type of filemark is followed by blank tape, data may be appended
-on its
-.Tn EOT
-side.
-.Pp
-Bit 5 in the minor device number selects fixed block mode with a block
-size of 1K.
-Variable length records are the default if bit 5 is not set.
-.Pp
-For unit 0 here are the effects of minor device bits 2,3,4,5.
-For other units add the
-.Em unit#
-to each of the device names.
-.Bl -column norewind density filemarks -offset indent
-.Em norewind high short fixed
-.Em density filemarks block mode
-rst0
-nrst0 X
-rst8 X
-nrst8 X X
-rst16 X
-nrst16 X X
-rst24 X X
-nrst24 X X X
-rst32 X
-nrst32 X X
-rst40 X X
-nrst40 X X X
-rst48 X X
-nrst48 X X X
-rst56 X X X
-nrst56 X X X X
-.El
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr mt 1 ,
-.Xr \&ct 4 ,
-.Xr hd 4 ,
-.Xr intro 4 ,
-.Xr mtio 4 ,
-.Xr oscsi 4 ,
-.Xr sd 4
-.Rs
-.%T EXB-8200 8MM Cartridge Tape Subsystem Interface User Manual
-.Re
-.Sh BUGS
-The
-.Tn HP
-98268
-.Tn SCSI
-controller hardware can not do odd length
-.Tn DMA
-transfers.
-If odd length
-.Tn DMA I/O
-is requested the driver will use the
-"Program Transfer Mode" of the Fujitsu
-.Tn MB87030
-chip.
-Read requests are normally even length for which a
-.Tn DMA
-transfer is used.
-If, however, the driver detects that an odd length read has happened
-(when an even length was requested) it will issue the
-.Dv EIO
-error and the last byte of the read
-data will be 0x00.
-Odd length read requests must match the size of the requested data block
-on tape.
-.Pp
-The following only applies when using long filemarks.
-Short filemarks can not be overwritten.
-.Bd -filled -offset 4n
-Due to the helical scan and the erase mechanism, there is a writing
-limitation on Exabyte drives.
-.Dq Li tar r
-or
-.Dq Li tar u
-will not work
-.Pf ( Dq Li tar c
-is ok).
-One can only start writing at 1) beginning of tape, 2) on the
-end of what was last written, 3) "front" side of a regular (long) filemark.
-For example, you have a tape with 3 tar files.
-If you want to save the first file, but overwrite the second two files with
-new data, on a normal
-1/4" or 1/2" drive you would do:
-.Pp
-.Li "mt fsf 1; tar cf /dev/nrst0 ..."
-.Pp
-but for an Exabyte you need to do:
-.Pp
-.Li "mt fsf 1; mt bsf 1; mt weof 1; tar cf /dev/nrst0 ..."
-.Pp
-The regular long filemark consists of an erased zone 3.8" long
-(needed to begin a write).
-In this case, the first filemark is rewritten in place, which creates an
-erased zone
-.Em after
-it, clearing the
-way to write more on the tape.
-The erase head is not helical.
-.Pp
-One can position a tape to the end of what was last written by reading
-until a
-.Tn \*qBLANK CHECK\*q
-error is returned.
-Writing can be started at this point.
-(This applies to both long and short filemarks.)
-The tape does not become positioned somewhere down the "erased" area as
-does a conventional magtape.
-One can issue multiple reads at the
-.Tn \*qBLANK CHECK\*q
-error, but the Exabyte stays positioned at the beginning of the
-blank area, ready to accept write commands.
-File skip operations do not stop at blank tape and will run into old data
-or run to the end of the tape, so you have to be careful not to
-.Dq Li mt fsf too_many .
-.Ed
-.Pp
-Archive support gets confused if asked to move more filemarks than there are
-on the tape.
-.Pp
-This man page needs some work.
-Some of these are not really bugs, just unavoidable consequences of the
-hardware.