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diff --git a/share/man/man4/ns.4 b/share/man/man4/ns.4 new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fd7c6bb4f9e --- /dev/null +++ b/share/man/man4/ns.4 @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ +.\" $NetBSD: ns.4,v 1.3 1994/11/30 16:22:26 jtc Exp $ +.\" +.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1991, 1993 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)ns.4 8.2 (Berkeley) 11/30/93 +.\" +.Dd November 30, 1993 +.Dt NS 4 +.Os BSD 4.3 +.Sh NAME +.Nm ns +.Nd Xerox Network Systems(tm) protocol family +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm options NS +.Nm options NSIP +.Nm pseudo-device ns +.Sh DESCRIPTION +The +.Tn NS +protocol family is a collection of protocols +layered atop the +.Em Internet Datagram Protocol +.Pq Tn IDP +transport layer, and using the Xerox +.Tn NS +address formats. +The +.Tn NS +family provides protocol support for the +.Dv SOCK_STREAM , SOCK_DGRAM , SOCK_SEQPACKET , +and +.Dv SOCK_RAW +socket types; the +.Dv SOCK_RAW +interface is a debugging tool, allowing you to trace all packets +entering, (or with toggling kernel variable, additionally leaving) the local +host. +.Sh ADDRESSING +.Tn NS +addresses are 12 byte quantities, consisting of a +4 byte Network number, a 6 byte Host number and a 2 byte port number, +all stored in network standard format. +(on the +.Tn VAX +these are word and byte reversed; on the +.Tn SUN +they are not +reversed). The include file +.Aq Pa netns/ns.h +defines the +.Tn NS +address as a structure containing unions (for quicker +comparisons). +.Pp +Sockets in the Internet protocol family use the following +addressing structure: +.Bd -literal -offset indent +struct sockaddr_ns { + short sns_family; + struct ns_addr sns_addr; + char sns_zero[2]; +}; +.Ed +.Pp +where an +.Ar ns_addr +is composed as follows: +.Bd -literal -offset indent +union ns_host { + u_char c_host[6]; + u_short s_host[3]; +}; + +union ns_net { + u_char c_net[4]; + u_short s_net[2]; +}; + +struct ns_addr { + union ns_net x_net; + union ns_host x_host; + u_short x_port; +}; +.Ed +.Pp +Sockets may be created with an address of all zeroes to effect +.Dq wildcard +matching on incoming messages. +The local port address specified in a +.Xr bind 2 +call is restricted to be greater than +.Dv NSPORT_RESERVED +(=3000, in +.Aq Pa netns/ns.h ) +unless the creating process is running +as the super-user, providing a space of protected port numbers. +.Sh PROTOCOLS +The +.Tn NS +protocol family supported by the operating system +is comprised of +the Internet Datagram Protocol +.Pq Tn IDP +.Xr idp 4 , +Error Protocol (available through +.Tn IDP ) , +and +Sequenced Packet Protocol +.Pq Tn SPP +.Xr spp 4 . +.Pp +.Tn SPP +is used to support the +.Dv SOCK_STREAM +and +.Dv SOCK_SEQPACKET +abstraction, +while +.Tn IDP +is used to support the +.Dv SOCK_DGRAM +abstraction. +The Error protocol is responded to by the kernel +to handle and report errors in protocol processing; +it is, however, +only accessible to user programs through heroic actions. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr intro 3 , +.Xr byteorder 3 , +.Xr gethostbyname 3 , +.Xr getnetent 3 , +.Xr getprotoent 3 , +.Xr getservent 3 , +.Xr ns 3 , +.Xr intro 4 , +.Xr spp 4 , +.Xr idp 4 , +.Xr nsip 4 +.Rs +.%T "Internet Transport Protocols" +.%R Xerox Corporation document XSIS +.%N 028112 +.Re +.Rs +.%T "An Advanced 4.3 BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial" +.Re +.Sh HISTORY +The +.Nm +protocol family +appeared in +.Bx 4.3 . |