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diff --git a/share/man/man8/compat_freebsd.8 b/share/man/man8/compat_freebsd.8 new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a72d72529d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/share/man/man8/compat_freebsd.8 @@ -0,0 +1,273 @@ +.\" $OpenBSD: compat_freebsd.8,v 1.1 1996/08/09 16:43:27 deraadt Exp $ +.\" $NetBSD: compat_linux.8,v 1.1 1995/03/05 23:30:36 fvdl Exp $ +.\" +.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Frank van der Linden +.\" All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project +.\" by Frank van der Linden +.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products +.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES +.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. +.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, +.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT +.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, +.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY +.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT +.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF +.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.Dd June 4, 1995 +.Dt COMPAT_FREEBSD 8 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm COMPAT_FREEBSD +.Nd setup procedure for running FreeBSD binaries +.Sh DESCRIPTION +OpenBSD supports running FreeBSD binaries. Most binaries should work, +except programs that use FreeBSD-specific features. These include +i386-specific calls, such as syscons utilities, and audio devices. +The FreeBSD compatibility feature is active for kernels compiled +with the +.Nm COMPAT_FREEBSD +option enabled. + +A lot of programs are dynamically linked. This means, that you will +also need the FreeBSD shared libraries that the program depends on, and +the runtime linker. Also, you will need to create a "shadow root" +directory for FreeBSD binaries on your OpenBSD system. This directory +is named /emul/freebsd. Any file operations done by FreeBSD programs +run under OpenBSD will look in this directory first. So, if a FreeBSD +program opens, for example, /etc/passwd, OpenBSD will +first try to open /emul/freebsd/etc/passwd, and if that does not exist +open the 'real' /etc/passwd file. It is recommended that you install +FreeBSD packages that include configuration files, etc under /emul/freebsd, +to avoid naming conflicts with possible OpenBSD counterparts. Shared +libraries should also be installed in the shadow tree. +.Pp +Generally, you will need to look for the shared libraries that FreeBSD +binaries depend on only the first few times that you install a FreeBSD +program on your OpenBSD system. After a while, you will have a sufficient +set of FreeBSD shared libraries on your system to be able to run newly +imported FreeBSD binaries without any extra work. + +.Ss Setting up shared libraries +How to get to know which shared libraries FreeBSD binaries need, and where +to get them? Basically, there are 2 possibilities (when following +these instructions: you will need to be root on your OpenBSD system to +do the necessary installation steps). + +.Bl -tag -width 123 -compact +.It 1. +You have access to a FreeBSD system. In this case you can +temporarily install the binary there, see what shared libraries +it needs, and copy them to your OpenBSD system. Example: you have +just ftp-ed the FreeBSD binary of SimCity. Put it on the FreeBSD +system you have access to, and check which shared libraries it +needs by running `ldd sim': +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width 123 -compact -offset indent +.It me@freebsd% ldd /usr/local/lib/SimCity/res/sim +.nf +/usr/local/lib/SimCity/res/sim: + -lXext.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libXext.so.6.0 (0x100c1000) + -lX11.6 => /usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6.0 (0x100c9000) + -lc.2 => /usr/lib/libc.so.2.1 (0x10144000) + -lm.2 => /usr/lib/libm.so.2.0 (0x101a7000) + -lgcc.261 => /usr/lib/libgcc.so.261.0 (0x101bf000) +.fi +.El +.Pp +You would need go get all the files from the last column, and +put them under /emul/freebsd. This means you eventually have +these files on your OpenBSD system: +.Pp +.nf +/emul/freebsd/usr/X11R6/lib/libXext.so.6.0 +/emul/freebsd/usr/X11R6/lib/libX11.so.6.0 +/emul/freebsd/usr/lib/libc.so.2.1 +/emul/freebsd/usr/lib/libm.so.2.0 +/emul/freebsd/usr/lib/libgcc.so.261.0 +.fi +.Pp +Note that if you already have a FreeBSD shared library with a +matching major revision number to the first column of the 'ldd' +output, you won't need to copy the file named in the last column +to your system, the one you already have should work. It is +advisable to copy the shared library anyway if it is a newer version, +though. You can remove the old one. So, if you have these libraries +on your system: +.Pp +.nf +/emul/freebsd/usr/lib/libc.so.2.0 +.fi +.Pp +and you find that the ldd output for a new binary you want to +install is: +.nf +.Pp + -lc.2 => /usr/lib/libc.so.2.1 (0x10144000) +.fi +.Pp +you won't need to worry about copying /usr/lib/libc.so.2.1 too, +because the program should work fine with the slightly older version. +You can decide to replace the libc.so anyway, and that should leave +you with: +.Pp +.nf +/emul/freebsd/usr/lib/libc.so.2.1 +.fi +.Pp +Finally, you must make sure that you have the FreeBSD runtime linker +and its config files on your system. You should copy these +files from the FreeBSD system to their appropriate place on your +OpenBSD system (in the /emul/freebsd tree): +.Pp +.nf +usr/libexec/ld.so +var/run/ld.so.hints +.fi +.Pp +.It 2. +You don't have access to a FreeBSD system. In that case, you +should get the extra files you need from various ftp sites. +Information on where to look for the various files is appended +below. For now, let's assume you know where to get the files. +.Pp +Retrieve the following files (from _one_ ftp site to avoid +any version mismatches), and install them under /emul/freebsd +(i.e. foo/bar is installed as /emul/freebsd/foo/bar): +.Pp +.nf +sbin/ldconfig +usr/bin/ldd +usr/lib/libc.so.x.y.z +usr/libexec/ld.so +.fi +.Pp +ldconfig and ldd don't necessarily need to be under /emul/freebsd, +you can install them elsewhere in the system too. Just make sure +they don't conflict with their OpenBSD counterparts. A good idea +would be to install them in /usr/local/bin as ldconfig-freebsd and +ldd-freebsd. +.Pp +Run the FreeBSD ldconfig program with directory arguments in +which the FreeBSD runtime linker should look for shared libs. +/usr/lib are standard, you could run like the following: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width 123 -compact -offset indent +.It me@openbsd% mkdir -p /emul/freebsd/var/run +.It me@openbsd% touch /emul/freebsd/var/run/ld.so.hints +.It me@openbsd% ldconfig-freebsd /usr/X11R6/lib /usr/local/lib +.El +.Pp +Note that argument directories of ldconfig are +mapped to /emul/freebsd/XXXX by +OpenBSD's compat code, and should exist as such on your system. +Make sure /emul/freebsd/var/run/ld.so.hints is exist when you run +FreeBSD's ldconfig, if not, you may lose OpenBSD's /var/run/ld.so.hints. + +FreeBSD ldconfig should be statically +linked, so it doesn't need any shared libraries by itself. +It will create the file /emul/freebsd/var/run/ld.so.hints. +You should rerun the FreeBSD version of the ldconfig program +each time you add a new shared library. +.Pp +You should now be set up for FreeBSD binaries which only need +a shared libc. You can test this by running the FreeBSD ldd +on itself. Suppose that you have it installed as ldd-freebsd, it +should produce something like: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width 123 -compact -offset indent +.It me@openbsd% ldd-freebsd `which ldd-freebsd` +.nf +/usr/local/bin/ldd-freebsd: + -lc.2 => /usr/lib/libc.so.2.1 (0x1001a000) +.fi +.El +.Pp +This being done, you are ready to install new FreeBSD binaries. +Whenever you install a new FreeBSD program, you should check +if it needs shared libraries, and if so, whether you have +them installed in the /emul/freebsd tree. To do this, you run +the FreeBSD version ldd on the new program, and watch its output. +ldd (see also the manual page for ldd(1)) will print a list +of shared libraries that the program depends on, in the +form -l<majorname> => <fullname>. +.Pp +If it prints "not found" in stead of <fullname> it means that +you need an extra library. Which library this is, is shown +in <majorname>, which will be of the form XXXX.<N> +You will need to find a libXXXX.so.<N>.<mm> on a FreeBSD ftp site, +and install it on your system. The XXXX (name) and <N> (major +revision number) should match; the minor number(s) <mm> are +less important, though it is advised to take the most +recent version. +.El + +.Ss Finding the necessary files. +.Nm Note: +the information below is valid as of the time this +document was written (Jun, 1995), but certain details +such as names of ftp sites, directories and distribution names +may have changed by the time you read this. +.Pp +FreeBSD distribution is +available on a lot of ftp sites. Sometimes the files are unpacked, +and you can get the individual files you need, but mostly they +are stored in distribution sets, usually consisting of subdirectories +with gzipped tar files in them. The primary ftp sites for the +distributions are: +.Pp +.nf +ftp.freebsd.org:/pub/FreeBSD +.fi +.Pp +Mirror sites are described on: +.Pp +.nf +ftp.freebsd.org:/pub/FreeBSD/MIRROR.SITES +.fi +.Pp +This distribution consists of a number of tar-ed and gzipped files, +Normally, they're controlled by an install program, but you can +retrieve files "by hand" too. The way to look something up is to retrieve all +the files in the distribution, and ``tar ztvf'' through them for the file +you need. Here is an example of a list of files that you might need. +.Pp +.Bd -unfilled -offset indent +Needed Files + +ld.so 2.0-RELEASE/bindist/bindist.?? +ldconfig 2.0-RELEASE/bindist/bindist.?? +ldd 2.0-RELEASE/bindist/bindist.?? +libc.so.2 2.0-RELEASE/bindist/bindist.?? +libX11.so.6.0 2.0-RELEASE/XFree86-3.1/XFree86-3.1-bin.tar.gz +libX11.so.6.0 XFree86-3.1.1/X311bin.tgz +libXt.so.6.0 2.0-RELEASE/XFree86-3.1/XFree86-3.1-bin.tar.gz +libXt.so.6.0 XFree86-3.1.1/X311bin.tgz +.\" libX11.so.3 oldlibs +.\" libXt.so.3 oldlibs +.Ed +.Pp +The Files called ``bindist.??'' are tar-ed, gzipped and split, +so you can extract contents by ``cat bindist.?? | tar zpxf -''. +.Pp +Extract the files from these gzipped tarfiles in your /emul/freebsd directory +(possibly omitting or afterwards removing files you don't need), and you +are done. +.Sh BUGS +The information about FreeBSD distributions may become outdated. |