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-.\" $OpenBSD: nslookup.8,v 1.5 2003/07/02 08:19:58 jmc Exp $
-.\"
-.\" ++Copyright++ 1985, 1989
-.\" -
-.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1989
-.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\" without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\" -
-.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
-.\"
-.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
-.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
-.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
-.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
-.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
-.\" specific, written prior permission.
-.\"
-.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
-.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
-.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
-.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
-.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
-.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
-.\" SOFTWARE.
-.\" -
-.\" --Copyright--
-.\"
-.\" @(#)nslookup.8 5.3 (Berkeley) 6/24/90
-.\"
-.Dd June 24, 1990
-.Dt NSLOOKUP 8
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm nslookup
-.Nd query Internet name servers interactively
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Nm nslookup
-.Op Fl option Ar ...
-.Op Ar host-to-find | Fl Op Ar server
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Ic Nslookup
-is a program to query Internet domain name servers.
-.Ic Nslookup
-has two modes: interactive and non-interactive.
-Interactive mode allows the user to query name servers for
-information about various hosts and domains or to print a list of hosts
-in a domain.
-Non-interactive mode is used to print just the name and requested information
-for a host or domain.
-.Sh ARGUMENTS
-Interactive mode is entered in the following cases:
-.Bl -tag -width "a) "
-.It a)
-when no arguments are given (the default name server will be used),
-.It b)
-when the first argument is a hyphen (-) and the second argument
-is the host name or Internet address of a name server.
-.El
-.Pp
-Non-interactive mode is used when the name or Internet address
-of the host to be looked up
-is given as the first argument.
-The optional second argument specifies
-the host name or address of a name server.
-.Pp
-The options listed under the
-.Dq Li set
-command below can be specified in
-the
-.Pa .nslookuprc
-file in the user's home directory if they are listed
-one per line.
-Options can also be specified
-on the command line if they precede the arguments and are prefixed with
-a hyphen.
-For example, to change the default query type to host information,
-and the initial timeout to 10 seconds, type:
-.Bd -literal -offset indent
- nslookup -query=hinfo -timeout=10
-.Ed
-.Sh INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
-Commands may be interrupted at any time by typing a control-C.
-To exit, type a control-D
-.Pq Dv EOF
-or type
-.Li exit .
-The command line length must be less than 256 characters.
-To treat a built-in command as a host name,
-precede it with an escape character
-.Pq Sq \e .
-.Sy "N.B.: An unrecognized command will be interpreted as a host name."
-.Bl -tag -width "lserver"
-.It Ar host Op Ar server
-Look up information for
-.Ar host
-using the current default server or using
-.Ar server ,
-if specified.
-If
-.Ar host
-is an Internet address and the query type is
-.Dv A
-or
-.Dv PTR ,
-the name of the host is returned.
-If
-.Ar host
-is a name and does not have a trailing period, the default
-domain name is appended to the name.
-(This behavior depends on the state of the
-.Ic set
-options
-.Ic domain , srchlist , defname ,
-and
-.Ic search . )
-.Pp
-To look up a host not in the current domain, append a period to
-the name.
-.It Ic server Ar domain
-.It Ic lserver Ar domain
-Change the default server to
-.Ar domain ;
-.Ic lserver
-uses the initial server to look up information about
-.Ar domain ,
-while
-.Ic server
-uses the current default server.
-If an authoritative answer can't be found, the names of servers
-that might have the answer are returned.
-.It Ic exit
-Exits the program.
-.It Xo
-.Ic set
-.Ar keyword Ns Op = Ns Ar value
-.Xc
-This command is used to change state information that affects the lookups.
-Valid keywords are:
-.Bl -tag -width "class=v"
-.It Ic all
-Prints the current values of the frequently used options to
-.Ic set .
-Information about the current default server and host is also printed.
-.It Ic class Ns = Ns Ar value
-Change the query class to one of:
-.Bl -tag -width "HESIOD "
-.It Dv IN
-the Internet class
-.It Dv CHAOS
-the Chaos class
-.It Dv HESIOD
-the MIT Athena Hesiod class
-.It Dv ANY
-wildcard (any of the above)
-.El
-.Pp
-The class specifies the protocol group of the information.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Dv IN ;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic cl )
-.It Xo
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic debug
-.Xc
-Turn debugging mode on.
-A lot more information is printed about the
-packet sent to the server and the resulting answer.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic nodebug ;
-abbreviation =
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic deb )
-.It Xo
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic d2
-.Xc
-Turn exhaustive debugging mode on.
-Essentially all fields of every packet are printed.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic nod2 )
-.It Ic domain Ns = Ns Ar name
-Change the default domain name to
-.Ar name .
-The default domain name is appended to a lookup request depending on the
-state of the
-.Ic defname
-and
-.Ic search
-options.
-The domain search list contains the parents of the default domain if it has
-at least two components in its name.
-For example, if the default domain
-is CC.Berkeley.EDU, the search list is CC.Berkeley.EDU and Berkeley.EDU.
-Use the
-.Dq Ic set srchlist
-command to specify a different list.
-Use the
-.Dq Ic set all
-command to display the list.
-.Pp
-(Default = value from
-.Xr hostname 1 ,
-.Pa /etc/resolv.conf ,
-or
-.Ev LOCALDOMAIN ;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic do )
-.It Xo
-.Sm off
-.Ic srchlist No =
-.Ar name1 No /
-.Ar name2 No /
-.Ar ...
-.Sm on
-.Xc
-Change the default domain name to
-.Ar name1
-and the domain search list
-to
-.Ar name1 , name2 ,
-etc.
-A maximum of 6 names separated by slashes (/)
-can be specified.
-For example,
-.Bd -literal -offset indent
-set srchlist=lcs.MIT.EDU/ai.MIT.EDU/MIT.EDU
-.Ed
-.Pp
-sets the domain to lcs.MIT.EDU and the search list to the three names.
-This command overrides the
-default domain name and search list of the
-.Dq Ic set domain
-command.
-Use the
-.Dq Ic set all
-command to display the list.
-.Pp
-(Default = value based on
-.Xr hostname 1 ,
-.Pa /etc/resolv.conf ,
-or
-.Ev LOCALDOMAIN ;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic srchl )
-.It Xo
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic defname
-.Xc
-If set, append the default domain name to a single-component lookup request
-(i.e., one that does not contain a period).
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic defname ;
-abbreviation =
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic defname )
-.It Xo
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic search
-.Xc
-If the lookup request contains at least one period but
-.Em doesn't
-end with a trailing period, append the domain names in the domain search list
-to the request until an answer is received.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic search ;
-abbreviation =
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic sea )
-.It Ic port Ns = Ns Ar value
-Change the default TCP/UDP name server port to
-.Ar value .
-.Pp
-(Default = 53;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic \&po )
-.It Ic querytype Ns = Ns Ar value
-.It Ic type Ns = Ns Ar value
-Change the type of information query to one of:
-.Bl -tag -width "HINFO "
-.It Dv A
-the host's Internet address.
-.It Dv CNAME
-the canonical name for an alias.
-.It Dv HINFO
-the host CPU and operating system type.
-.It Dv MINFO
-the mailbox or mail list information.
-.It Dv MX
-the mail exchanger.
-.It Dv NS
-the name server for the named zone.
-.It Dv PTR
-the host name if the query is an Internet address;
-otherwise, the pointer to other information.
-.It Dv SOA
-the domain's
-.Dq start-of-authority
-information.
-.It Dv TXT
-the text information.
-.It Dv UINFO
-the user information.
-.It Dv WKS
-the supported well-known services.
-.El
-.Pp
-Other types
-.Dv ( ANY , AXFR , MB ,
-.Dv MD , MF , NULL )
-are described in the RFC-1035 document.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Dv A ;
-abbreviations =
-.Ic q , ty )
-.It Xo
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic recurse
-.Xc
-Tell the name server to query other servers if it does not have the
-information.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic recurse ;
-abbreviation =
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic rec )
-.It Ic retry Ns = Ns Ar number
-Set the number of retries to
-.Ar number .
-When a reply to a request is not received within a certain
-amount of time (changed with
-.Dq Ic set timeout ) ,
-the timeout period is doubled and the request is resent.
-The retry value controls how many times a request is resent before giving up.
-.Pp
-(Default = 4, abbreviation =
-.Ic ret )
-.It Ic root Ns = Ns Ar host
-Change the name of the root server to
-.Ar host .
-This affects the
-.Dq Ic root
-command.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic ns.internic.net. ;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic ro )
-.It Ic timeout Ns = Ns Ar number
-Change the initial timeout interval for waiting for a reply to
-.Ar number
-seconds.
-Each retry doubles the timeout period.
-.Pp
-(Default = 5 seconds; abbreviation =
-.Ic ti )
-.It Xo
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic vc
-.Xc
-Always use a virtual circuit when sending requests to the server.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic novc ;
-abbreviation =
-.Oo Ic no Oc Ns Ic v )
-.El
-.El
-.Sh FILES
-.Bl -tag -width "/etc/resolv.confXXX" -compact
-.It Pa /etc/resolv.conf
-initial domain name and name server addresses
-.El
-.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
-If the lookup request was not successful, an error message is printed.
-Possible errors are:
-.Bl -tag -width "Timed"
-.It Li Timed out
-The server did not respond to a request after a certain amount of
-time (changed with
-.Dq Ic set timeout Ns = Ns Ar value )
-and a certain number of retries (changed with
-.Do
-.Ic set retry Ns = Ns Ar value
-.Dc ) .
-.It Li \&No response from server
-No name server is running on the server machine.
-.It Li \&No records
-The server does not have resource records of the current query type for the
-host, although the host name is valid.
-The query type is specified with the
-.Dq Ic set querytype
-command.
-.It Li Non-existent domain
-The host or domain name does not exist.
-.It Li Connection refused
-.It Li Network is unreachable
-The connection to the name or finger server could not be made
-at the current time.
-This error commonly occurs with
-.Ic ls
-and
-.Ic finger
-requests.
-.It Li Server failure
-The name server found an internal inconsistency in its database
-and could not return a valid answer.
-.It Li Refused
-The name server refused to service the request.
-.It Li Format error
-The name server found that the request packet was not in the proper format.
-It may indicate an error in
-.Nm nslookup .
-.El
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr dig 1 ,
-.Xr resolver 3 ,
-.Xr resolver 5 ,
-.Xr named 8
-.Pp
-.Bl -tag -width "RFC 1034 " -compact
-.It RFC 1034
-Domain Names \- Concepts and Facilities
-.It RFC 1035
-Domain Names \- Implementation and Specification
-.El
-.Sh AUTHORS
-Andrew Cherenson
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-11-28 07:02:40 +0000