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-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
- <head>
- <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
-
- <title>Server-Wide Configuration</title>
- </head>
- <!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
-
- <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF"
- vlink="#000080" alink="#FF0000">
- <div align="CENTER">
- <img src="images/sub.gif" alt="[APACHE DOCUMENTATION]" />
-
- <h3>Apache HTTP Server</h3>
- </div>
-
-
-
- <h1 align="center">Server-Wide Configuration</h1>
-
- <p>This document explains some of the directives provided by
- the <a href="mod/core.html">core</a> server which are used to
- configure the basic operations of the server.</p>
-
- <ul>
- <li><a href="#identification">Server Identification</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="#locations">File Locations</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="#process">Process Creation</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="#network">Network Configuration</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="#resource">Limiting Resource Usage</a></li>
- </ul>
- <hr />
-
- <h2><a id="identification" name="identification">Server
- Identification</a></h2>
-
- <table border="1">
- <tr>
- <td valign="top"><strong>Related Directives</strong><br />
- <br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#serversignature">ServerSignature</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#servertokens">ServerTokens</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a><br />
- </td>
- </tr>
- </table>
-
- <p>The <code>ServerAdmin</code> and <code>ServerTokens</code>
- directives control what information about the server will be
- presented in server-generated documents such as error messages.
- The <code>ServerTokens</code> directive sets the value of the
- Server HTTP response header field.</p>
-
- <p>The <code>ServerName</code> and
- <code>UseCanonicalName</code> directives are used by the server
- to determine how to construct self-referential URLs. For
- example, when a client requests a directory, but does not
- include the trailing slash in the directory name, Apache must
- redirect the client to the full name including the trailing
- slash so that the client will correctly resolve relative
- references in the document.</p>
- <hr />
-
- <h2><a id="locations" name="locations">File Locations</a></h2>
-
- <table border="1">
- <tr>
- <td valign="top"><strong>Related Directives</strong><br />
- <br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#coredumpdirectory">CoreDumpDirectory</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#lockfile">Lockfile</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#pidfile">PidFile</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#scoreboardfile">ScoreBoardFile</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a><br />
- </td>
- </tr>
- </table>
-
- <p>These directives control the locations of the various files
- that Apache needs for proper operation. When the pathname used
- does not begin with a slash "/", the files are located relative
- to the <code>ServerRoot</code>. Be careful about locating files
- in paths which are writable by non-root users. See the <a
- href="misc/security_tips.html">security tips</a> documentation
- for more details.</p>
- <hr />
-
- <h2><a id="process" name="process">Process Creation</a></h2>
-
- <table border="1">
- <tr>
- <td valign="top"><strong>Related Directives</strong><br />
- <br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#bs2000account">BS2000Account</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#group">Group</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#maxclients">MaxClients</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#maxrequestsperchild">MaxRequestsPerChild</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#maxspareservers">MaxSpareServers</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#minspareservers">MinSpareServers</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#servertype">ServerType</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#startservers">StartServers</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#user">User</a><br />
- </td>
- </tr>
- </table>
-
- <p>When <code>ServerType</code> is set to its recommended value
- of <code>Standalone</code>, Apache 1.3 for Unix is a
- pre-forking web server. A single control process is responsible
- for launching child processes which listen for connections and
- serve them when they arrive. Apache always tries to maintain
- several <em>spare</em> or idle server processes, which stand
- ready to serve incoming requests. In this way, clients do not
- need to wait for a new child processes to be forked before
- their requests can be served.</p>
-
- <p>The <code>StartServers</code>, <code>MinSpareServers</code>,
- <code>MaxSpareServers</code>, and <code>MaxServers</code>
- regulate how the parent process creates children to serve
- requests. In general, Apache is very self-regulating, so most
- sites do not need to adjust these directives from their default
- values. Sites which need to serve more than 256 simultaneous
- requests may need to increase <code>MaxClients</code>, while
- sites with limited memory may need to decrease
- <code>MaxClients</code> to keep the server from thrashing
- (swapping memory to disk and back). More information about
- tuning process creation is provided in the <a
- href="misc/perf-tuning.html">performance hints</a>
- documentation.</p>
-
- <p>While the parent process is usually started as root under
- Unix in order to bind to port 80, the child processes are
- launched by Apache as a less-privileged user. The
- <code>User</code> and <code>Group</code> directives are used to
- set the privileges of the Apache child processes. The child
- processes must be able to read all the content that will be
- served, but should have as few privileges beyond that as
- possible. In addition, unless <a href="suexec.html">suexec</a>
- is used, these directives also set the privileges which will be
- inherited by CGI scripts.</p>
-
- <p><code>MaxRequestsPerChild</code> controls how frequently the
- server recycles processes by killing old ones and launching new
- ones.</p>
-
- <p>Under Windows, Apache launches one control process and one
- child process. The child process creates multiple threads to
- serve requests. The number of threads is controlled by the
- <code>ThreadsPerChild</code> directive.</p>
- <hr />
-
- <h2><a id="network" name="network">Network
- Configuration</a></h2>
-
- <table border="1">
- <tr>
- <td valign="top"><strong>Related Directives</strong><br />
- <br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#bindaddress">BindAddress</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#keepalive">KeepAlive</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#keepalivetimeout">KeepAliveTimeout</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#listen">Listen</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#listenbacklog">ListenBackLog</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#acceptfilter">AcceptFilter</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#acceptmutex">AcceptMutex</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#maxkeepaliverequests">MaxKeepAliveRequests</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#port">Port</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#sendbuffersize">SendBufferSize</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#timeout">TimeOut</a><br />
- </td>
- </tr>
- </table>
-
- <p>When Apache starts, it connects to some port and address on
- the local machine and waits for incoming requests. By default,
- it listens to all addresses on the machine, and to the port as
- specified by the <code>Port</code> directive in the server
- configuration. However, it can be told to listen to more than
- one port, to listen to only selected addresses, or a
- combination. This is often combined with the <a
- href="vhosts/">Virtual Host</a> feature which determines how
- Apache responds to different IP addresses, hostnames and
- ports.</p>
-
- <p>There are two directives used to restrict or specify which
- addresses and ports Apache listens to. The
- <code>BindAddress</code> directive is used to restrict the
- server to listening to a single IP address. The
- <code>Listen</code> directive can be used to specify multiple
- IP addresses and/or Ports to which Apache will listen.</p>
-
- <p>The <code>ListenBackLog</code>, <code>SendBufferSize</code>,
- and <code>TimeOut</code> directives are used to adjust how
- Apache interacts with the network.<code>AcceptFilter</code>
- controls a BSD specific filter optimization. See the BSD
- section on <a href="misc/perf-bsd44.html">performance hints</a>
- documentation. <code>AcceptMutex</code> controls which accept
- mutex method will be used. For an explanation of what this is
- and why it's needed, see the <a
- href="misc/perf-tuning.html">performance tuning guide</a></p>
-
- <p>The <code>KeepAlive</code>, <code>KeepAliveTimeout</code>,
- and <code>MaxKeepAliveRequests</code> directives are used to
- configure how Apache handles persistent connections.</p>
- <hr />
-
- <h2><a id="resource" name="resource">Limiting Resource
- Usage</a></h2>
-
- <table border="1">
- <tr>
- <td valign="top"><strong>Related Directives</strong><br />
- <br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#limitrequestbody">LimitRequestBody</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#limitrequestfields">LimitRequestFields</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#limitrequestfieldsize">LimitRequestFieldsize</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#limitrequestline">LimitRequestLine</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#rlimitcpu">RLimitCPU</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#rlimitmem">RLimitMEM</a><br />
- <a href="mod/core.html#rlimitnproc">RLimitNPROC</a><br />
- <a
- href="mod/core.html#threadstacksize">ThreadStackSize</a><br />
- </td>
- </tr>
- </table>
-
- <p>The <code>LimitRequest</code>* directives are used to place
- limits on the amount of resources Apache will use in reading
- requests from clients. By limiting these values, some kinds of
- denial of service attacks can be mitigated.</p>
-
- <p>The <code>RLimit</code>* directives are used to limit the
- amount of resources which can be used by processes forked off
- from the Apache children. In particular, this will control
- resources used by CGI scripts and SSI exec commands.</p>
-
- <p>The <code>ThreadStackSize</code> directive is used only on
- Netware to control the stack size.</p>
- <hr />
-
- <h3 align="CENTER">Apache HTTP Server</h3>
- <a href="./"><img src="images/index.gif" alt="Index" /></a>
-
- </body>
-</html>
-