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Diffstat (limited to 'usr.sbin/named/named.8')
| -rw-r--r-- | usr.sbin/named/named.8 | 440 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 440 deletions
diff --git a/usr.sbin/named/named.8 b/usr.sbin/named/named.8 deleted file mode 100644 index 06a9b089088..00000000000 --- a/usr.sbin/named/named.8 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,440 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" from: @(#)named.8 6.9 (Berkeley) 3/16/91 -.\" $Id: named.8,v 1.1 1995/10/18 08:47:50 deraadt Exp $ -.\" -.Dd March 16, 1991 -.Dt NAMED 8 -.Os BSD 4 -.Sh NAME -.Nm named -.Nd Internet domain name server -.Sh SYNOPSIS -.Nm named -.Op Fl d Ar debuglevel -.Op Fl p Ar port# -.Oo Op Fl b -.Ar bootfile Oc -.Sh DESCRIPTION -.Nm Named -is the Internet domain name server. -See -.%T RFC883 -for more information on the Internet name-domain system. -Without any arguments, -.Nm named -will read the default boot file -.Pa /etc/named.boot , -read any initial data and listen for queries. -.Pp -Options are: -.Bl -tag -width Ds -.It Fl d -Print debugging information. -A number after the -.Fl d -determines the level of -messages printed. -.It Fl p -Use a different port number. The default is the standard port number -as listed in -.Pa /etc/services . -.It Fl b -Use an alternate boot file. This is optional and allows you to -specify a file with a leading dash. -.El -.Pp -Any additional argument is taken as the name of the boot file. -The boot file contains information about where the name server is to get -its initial data. If multiple boot files are specified, only the last -is used. -Lines in the boot file cannot be continued on subsequent lines. -The following is a small example: -.Bd -literal -; -; boot file for name server -; -directory /etc/namedb - -; type domain source host/file backup file - -cache . root.cache -primary Berkeley.EDU berkeley.edu.zone -primary 32.128.IN-ADDR.ARPA ucbhosts.rev -secondary CC.Berkeley.EDU 128.32.137.8 128.32.137.3 cc.zone.bak -secondary 6.32.128.IN-ADDR.ARPA 128.32.137.8 128.32.137.3 cc.rev.bak -primary 0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA localhost.rev -forwarders 10.0.0.78 10.2.0.78 -; slave -.Ed -.Pp -The ``directory'' line causes the server to change its -working directory to the directory specified. This can -be important for the correct processing of -.Li $INCLUDE -files -in primary zone files. -.Pp -The -.Dq cache -line specifies that data in -.Dq Pa root.cache -is to be -placed in the backup cache. -Its main use is to specify data such as locations of root domain servers. -This cache is not used during normal operation, -but is used as -.Dq hints -to find the current root servers. -The file -.Dq Pa root.cache -is in the same format as -.Dq Pa berkeley.edu.zone . -There can be more than one -.Dq cache -file specified. -.\"The first such file will be updated under certain conditions to snapshot the -.\"cache (see -.\" .Dv SIGQUIT -.\" below). -.\"The cache line can also have an optional interval argument after -.\"the filename. -.\"If an interval is listed, -.\"it requests the nameserver to dump the cache contents -.\"at that interval (in seconds). -.\"The example above requests the nameserver to dump the cache content -.\"every 3600 seconds (once an hour). -.\"The use of automatic cache file updates is not currently recommended -.\"because of the way the cache is currently managed by the server; -.\"although the entire cache will be dumped for later reloading, -.\"most of the cache contents will be ignored when reloaded. -.\"The exact dump interval will vary -.\"based on the minimum maintence interval time which is typically about -.\"5 minutes. -The cache files are processed in such a way as to preserve the -time-to-live's -of data dumped out. Data for the root nameservers is kept artificially -valid if necessary. -.Pp -The first -.Dq primary -line states that the file -.Dq Pa berkeley.edu.zone -contains -authoritative data for the -.Dq Berkeley. Ns Em EDU -zone. -The file -.Dq Pa berkeley.edu.zone -contains data in the master file format described in -.%T RFC883 . -All domain names are relative to the origin, in this -case, -.Dq Berkeley. Ns Em EDU -(see below for a more detailed description). -The second -.Dq primary -line states that the file -.Dq Pa ucbhosts.rev -contains -authoritative data for the domain -.Dq 32.128.IN-ADDR.ARPA , -which is used -to translate addresses in network 128.32 to hostnames. -Each master file should begin with an -.Tn SOA -record for the zone -(see below). -.Pp -The first ``secondary'' line specifies that all authoritative data -under -.Dq CC.Berkeley. Ns Em EDU -is to be transferred from the name server -at 128.32.137.8. If the transfer fails it will try 128.32.137.3 and -continue trying the addresses, up to 10, listed on this line. -The secondary copy is also authoritative for the specified domain. -The first non-dotted-quad address on this line will be taken -as a filename in which to backup the transfered zone. -The name server will load the zone from this backup file if it exists -when it boots, providing a complete copy even if the master servers -are unreachable. -Whenever a new copy of the domain is received by automatic zone transfer -from one of the master servers, this file will be updated. -The second -.Dq secondary -line states that the address-to-hostname -mapping for the subnet 128.32.136 should be obtained from the same list -of master servers as the previous zone. -.Pp -The -.Dq forwarders -line specifies the addresses of sitewide servers -that will accept recursive queries from other servers. -If the boot file specifies one or more forwarders, then the -server will send all queries for data not in the cache to the forwarders first. -Each forwarder will be asked in turn until an answer is returned -or the list is exhausted. If no answer is forthcoming from a -forwarder, the server will continue as it would have without -the forwarders line unless it is in ``slave'' mode. -The forwarding facility is useful -to cause a large sitewide cache to be generated on a master, -and to reduce traffic over links to outside servers. -It can also be used to allow servers to run that do not have -access directly to the Internet, but wish to act as though -they do. -.Pp -The ``slave'' line (shown commented out) is used to put the server -in slave mode. In this mode, the server will only make queries to -forwarders. This option is normally used on machine that wish to -run a server but for physical or administrative reasons cannot -be given access to the Internet, but have access to a host that -does have access. -.Pp -The ``sortlist'' line can be used to indicate networks that are to be -preferred over other, unlisted networks. -Queries for host addresses from hosts on the same network as the server -will receive responses with local network addresses listed first, -then addresses on the sort list, then other addresses. -This line is only acted on at initial startup. -When reloading the nameserver with -a -.Dv SIGHUP , -this line will be ignored. -.Pp -The master file consists of control information -and a list of resource records for objects in the zone -of the forms: -.Bd -literal -$INCLUDE <filename> <opt_domain> -$ORIGIN <domain> -<domain> <opt_ttl> <opt_class> <type> <resource_record_data> -.Ed -.Pp -where -.Em domain -is -.Ql \&. -for root, -.Ql \&@ -for the current origin, or a standard domain -name. If -.Em domain -is a standard domain name that does not end with -.Ql \&. , -the current origin -is appended to the domain. Domain names ending with -.Ql \&. -are -unmodified. -The -.Em opt_domain -field is used to define an origin for the data in an included file. -It is equivalent to placing a -.Li $ORIGIN -statement before the first -line of the included file. The field is optional. -Neither the -.Em opt_domain -field nor -.Li $ORIGIN -statements in the included file modify the current origin -for this file. -The -.Em opt_ttl -field is an optional integer number for the time-to-live field. -It defaults to zero, meaning the minimum value specified in the -SOA record for the zone. -The -.Em opt_class -field is the object address type; currently only one type is supported, -.Sy IN , -for objects connected to the -.Tn DARPA -Internet. -The -.Em type -field contains one of the following tokens; the data expected in the -.Em resource_record_data -field is in parentheses. -.Bl -tag -width Fl -.It A -a host address (dotted quad) -.It \&NS -an authoritative name server (domain) -.It \&MX -a mail exchanger (domain) -.It CNAME -the canonical name for an alias (domain) -.It SOA -marks the start of a zone of authority (domain of originating host, -domain address of maintainer, a serial number and the following -parameters in seconds: refresh, retry, expire and minimum TTL -(see -.%T RFC883 ) ) -.It \&MB -a mailbox domain name (domain) -.It \&MG -a mail group member (domain) -.It \&MR -a mail rename domain name (domain) -.It NULL -ra null resource record (no format or data) -.It \&WKS -a well know service description (not implemented yet) -.It \&PTR -a domain name pointer (domain) -.It HINFO -host information (cpu_type OS_type ) -.It MINFO -mailbox or mail list information (request_domain error_domain) -.El -.Pp -Resource records normally end at the end of a line, -but may be continued across lines between opening and closing parentheses. -Comments are introduced by semicolons and continue to the end of the line. -.Pp -Each master zone file should begin with an SOA -record for the zone. -An example SOA -record is as follows: -.Bd -literal -@ IN SOA ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU. rwh.ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU. ( - 2.89 ; serial - 10800 ; refresh - 3600 ; retry - 3600000 ; expire - 86400 ) ; minimum -.Ed -.Pp -The SOA -lists a serial number, which should be changed each time the master -file is changed. -Secondary servers check the serial number at intervals specified by the refresh -time in seconds; if the serial number changes, a zone transfer will be done -to load the new data. -If a master server cannot be contacted when a refresh is due, the retry time -specifies the interval at which refreshes should be attempted until successful. -If a master server cannot be contacted within the interval given by the -expire time, all data from the zone is discarded by secondary servers. -The minimum value is the time-to-live used by records in the file -with no explicit time-to-live value. -.Sh NOTES -The boot file directives ``domain'' and ``suffixes'' have been -obsoleted by a more useful resolver based implementation of -suffixing for partially qualified domain names. The prior mechanisms -could fail under a number of situations, especially when then local -nameserver did not have complete information. -.Pp -The following signals have the specified effect when sent to the -server process using the -.Xr kill 1 -command. -.Bl -tag -width Fl -.It Dv SIGHUP -Causes server to read -.Pa named.boot -and reload database. -.It Dv SIGINT -Dumps current data base and cache to -.Pa /var/tmp/named_dump.db -.\".IP -.\" .Dv SIGQUIT -.\"Causes the server to checkpoint the cache into the first ``cache'' file. -.It Dv SIGIOT -Dumps statistics data into -.Pa /var/tmp/named.stats -if the server is -compiled -.Dv \-DSTATS . -Statistics data is appended to the file. -.It Dv SIGSYS -Dumps the profiling data in -.Pa /var/tmp -if the server is compiled -with profiling (server forks, chdirs and exits). -.It Dv SIGTERM -Dumps the primary and secondary database files. -Used to save modified data on shutdown if the -server is compiled with dynamic updating enabled. -.It Dv SIGUSR1 -Turns on debugging; each -.Dv SIGUSR1 -increments debug level. -.Pf ( Dv SIGEMT -on older systems without -.Dv SIGUSR1 ) -.It Dv SIGUSR2 -Turns off debugging completely. -.Pf ( Dv SIGFPE -on older systems without -.Dv SIGUSR2 ) -.El -.Sh FILES -.Bl -tag -width /var/tmp/named_dump.db -compact -.It Pa /etc/named.boot -name server configuration boot file -.It Pa /var/run/named.pid -the process id -.It Pa /var/tmp/named.run -debug output -.It Pa /var/tmp/named_dump.db -dump of the name server database -.It Pa /var/tmp/named.stats -nameserver statistics data -.El -.Sh SEE ALSO -.Xr kill 1 , -.Xr gethostbyname 3 , -.Xr signal 3 , -.Xr resolver 3 , -.Xr resolv.conf 5 , -.Xr hostname 7 , -.Rs -.%T RFC882 -.Re -.Rs -.%T RFC883 -.Re -.Rs -.%T RFC973 -.Re -.Rs -.%T RFC974 -.Re -.Rs -.%T "Name Server Operations Guide for BIND" -.Re -.Sh HISTORY -The -.Nm -command appeared in -.Bx 4.3 . |