/* $OpenBSD: ld.c,v 1.30 2003/08/15 23:13:06 deraadt Exp $ */ /* $NetBSD: ld.c,v 1.52 1998/02/20 03:12:51 jonathan Exp $ */ /*- * This code is derived from software copyrighted by the Free Software * Foundation. * * Modified 1991 by Donn Seeley at UUNET Technologies, Inc. * * Modified 1993 by Paul Kranenburg, Erasmus University */ #ifndef lint #if 0 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ld.c 6.10 (Berkeley) 5/22/91"; #endif #endif /* not lint */ /* Linker `ld' for GNU Copyright (C) 1988 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */ /* Written by Richard Stallman with some help from Eric Albert. Set, indirect, and warning symbol features added by Randy Smith. */ /* Define how to initialize system-dependent header fields. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define GNU_BINUTIL_COMPAT /* forwards compatibility with binutils 2.x */ /*#define DEBUG_COMPAT*/ #include "ld.h" /* Vector of entries for input files specified by arguments. These are all the input files except for members of specified libraries. */ struct file_entry *file_table; int number_of_files; /* 1 => write relocation into output file so can re-input it later. */ int relocatable_output; /* 1 => building a shared object, set by `-Bshareable'. */ int building_shared_object; /* 1 => create the output executable. */ int make_executable; /* Force the executable to be output, even if there are non-fatal errors */ int force_executable; /* 1 => assign space to common symbols even if `relocatable_output'. */ int force_common_definition; /* 1 => assign jmp slots to text symbols in shared objects even if non-PIC */ int force_alias_definition; /* 1 => some files contain PIC code, affects relocation bits if `relocatable_output'. */ int pic_code_seen; /* 1 => segments must be page aligned (ZMAGIC, QMAGIC) */ int page_align_segments; /* 1 => data segment must be page aligned, even if `-n' or `-N' */ int page_align_data; /* 1 => do not use standard library search path */ int nostdlib; /* Version number to put in __DYNAMIC (set by -V) */ int soversion; int text_size; /* total size of text. */ int text_start; /* start of text */ int text_pad; /* clear space between text and data */ int data_size; /* total size of data. */ int data_start; /* start of data */ int data_pad; /* part of bss segment as part of data */ int bss_size; /* total size of bss. */ int bss_start; /* start of bss */ int text_reloc_size; /* total size of text relocation. */ int data_reloc_size; /* total size of data relocation. */ int rrs_section_type; /* What's in the RRS section */ int rrs_text_size; /* Size of RRS text additions */ int rrs_text_start; /* Location of above */ int rrs_data_size; /* Size of RRS data additions */ int rrs_data_start; /* Location of above */ /* Specifications of start and length of the area reserved at the end of the data segment for the set vectors. Computed in 'digest_symbols' */ int set_sect_start; /* start of set element vectors */ int set_sect_size; /* size of above */ int link_mode; /* Current link mode */ int pic_type; /* PIC type */ /* * When loading the text and data, we can avoid doing a close * and another open between members of the same library. * * These two variables remember the file that is currently open. * Both are zero if no file is open. * * See `each_file' and `file_close'. */ struct file_entry *input_file; int input_desc; /* The name of the file to write; "a.out" by default. */ char *output_filename; /* Output file name. */ FILE *outstream; /* Output file descriptor. */ struct exec outheader; /* Output file header. */ int magic; /* Output file magic. */ int oldmagic; int relocatable_output; /* `-r'-ed output */ symbol *entry_symbol; /* specified by `-e' */ int entry_offset; /* program entry if no `-e' given */ int page_size; /* Size of a page (machine dependent) */ /* * Keep a list of any symbols referenced from the command line (so * that error messages for these guys can be generated). This list is * zero terminated. */ symbol **cmdline_references; int cl_refs_allocated; /* * Which symbols should be stripped (omitted from the output): none, all, or * debugger symbols. */ enum { STRIP_NONE, STRIP_ALL, STRIP_DEBUGGER } strip_symbols; /* * Which local symbols should be omitted: none, all, or those starting with L. * This is irrelevant if STRIP_NONE. */ enum { DISCARD_NONE, DISCARD_ALL, DISCARD_L } discard_locals; int global_sym_count; /* # of nlist entries for global symbols */ int size_sym_count; /* # of N_SIZE nlist entries for output (relocatable_output only) */ int local_sym_count; /* # of nlist entries for local symbols. */ int non_L_local_sym_count; /* # of nlist entries for non-L symbols */ int debugger_sym_count; /* # of nlist entries for debugger info. */ int undefined_global_sym_count; /* # of global symbols referenced and not defined. */ int undefined_shobj_sym_count; /* # of undefined symbols referenced by shared objects */ int multiple_def_count; /* # of multiply defined symbols. */ int defined_global_sym_count; /* # of defined global symbols. */ int common_defined_global_count; /* # of common symbols. */ int undefined_weak_sym_count; /* # of weak symbols referenced and not defined. */ #if notused int special_sym_count; /* # of linker defined symbols. */ /* XXX - Currently, only __DYNAMIC and _G_O_T_ go here if required, * perhaps _etext, _edata and _end should go here too. */ #endif int global_alias_count; /* # of aliased symbols */ int set_symbol_count; /* # of N_SET* symbols. */ int set_vector_count; /* # of set vectors in output. */ int warn_sym_count; /* # of warning symbols encountered. */ int list_warning_symbols; /* 1 => warning symbols referenced */ struct string_list_element *set_element_prefixes; int trace_files; /* print names of input files as processed (`-t'). */ int write_map; /* write a load map (`-M') */ /* * `text-start' address is normally this much plus a page boundary. * This is not a user option; it is fixed for each system. */ int text_start_alignment; /* * Nonzero if -T was specified in the command line. * This prevents text_start from being set later to default values. */ int T_flag_specified; /* * Nonzero if -Tdata was specified in the command line. * This prevents data_start from being set later to default values. */ int Tdata_flag_specified; /* * Size to pad data section up to. * We simply increase the size of the data section, padding with zeros, * and reduce the size of the bss section to match. */ int specified_data_size; long *set_vectors; int setv_fill_count; /* * Control warnings if we see syntax obsolete in GNU binutils, or if * our forwards-compatible emulation of binutils flags is not * completely faithful. */ int warn_obsolete_syntax = 0; #ifdef DEBUG_COMPAT int warn_forwards_compatible_inexact = 1; #else int warn_forwards_compatible_inexact = 0; #endif static void decode_option(char *, char *); static void decode_command(int, char **); static int classify_arg(char *); static void load_symbols(void); static void enter_global_ref(struct localsymbol *, char *, struct file_entry *); static void digest_symbols(void); static void digest_pass1(void), digest_pass2(void); static void consider_file_section_lengths(struct file_entry *, void *); static void relocate_file_addresses(struct file_entry *, void *); static void consider_relocation(struct file_entry *, void *); static void consider_local_symbols(struct file_entry *, void *); static void perform_relocation(char *, int, struct relocation_info *, int, struct file_entry *, int); static void copy_text(struct file_entry *, void *); static void copy_data(struct file_entry *, void *); static void coptxtrel(struct file_entry *, void *); static void copdatrel(struct file_entry *, void *); static void write_output(void); static void write_header(void); static void write_text(void); static void write_data(void); static void write_rel(void); static void write_syms(void); static void assign_symbolnums(struct file_entry *, void *); static void cleanup(void); static int parse(char *, char *, char *); int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { if (atexit(cleanup)) err(1, "atexit"); /* Added this to stop ld core-dumping on very large .o files. */ #ifdef RLIMIT_STACK /* Get rid of any avoidable limit on stack size. */ { struct rlimit rlim; /* Set the stack limit huge so that alloca does not fail. */ if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim) != 0) warn("getrlimit"); else { rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max; if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim) != 0) warn("setrlimit"); } } #endif /* RLIMIT_STACK */ page_size = PAGSIZ; /* Clear the cumulative info on the output file. */ text_size = 0; data_size = 0; bss_size = 0; text_reloc_size = 0; data_reloc_size = 0; data_pad = 0; text_pad = 0; page_align_segments = 0; page_align_data = 0; /* Initialize the data about options. */ specified_data_size = 0; strip_symbols = STRIP_NONE; trace_files = 0; discard_locals = DISCARD_NONE; entry_symbol = 0; write_map = 0; relocatable_output = 0; force_common_definition = 0; T_flag_specified = 0; Tdata_flag_specified = 0; magic = DEFAULT_MAGIC; make_executable = 1; force_executable = 0; link_mode = DYNAMIC; #ifdef SUNOS4 link_mode |= SILLYARCHIVE; #endif soversion = DEFAULT_SOVERSION; /* Initialize the cumulative counts of symbols. */ local_sym_count = 0; non_L_local_sym_count = 0; debugger_sym_count = 0; undefined_global_sym_count = 0; warn_sym_count = 0; list_warning_symbols = 0; multiple_def_count = 0; common_defined_global_count = 0; /* Keep a list of symbols referenced from the command line */ cl_refs_allocated = 10; cmdline_references = (symbol **) xmalloc(cl_refs_allocated * sizeof(symbol *)); *cmdline_references = 0; /* Completely decode ARGV. */ decode_command(argc, argv); building_shared_object = (!relocatable_output && (link_mode & SHAREABLE)); if (building_shared_object && entry_symbol) { errx(1,"`-Bshareable' and `-e' options are mutually exclusive"); } /* Create the symbols `etext', `edata' and `end'. */ symtab_init(relocatable_output); /* * Determine whether to count the header as part of the text size, * and initialize the text size accordingly. This depends on the kind * of system and on the output format selected. */ if (magic == ZMAGIC || magic == QMAGIC) page_align_segments = 1; md_init_header(&outheader, magic, 0); text_size = sizeof(struct exec); text_size -= N_TXTOFF(outheader); if (text_size < 0) text_size = 0; entry_offset = text_size; if (!T_flag_specified && !relocatable_output) text_start = TEXT_START(outheader); /* The text-start address is normally this far past a page boundary. */ text_start_alignment = text_start % page_size; /* * Load symbols of all input files. Also search all libraries and * decide which library members to load. */ load_symbols(); /* Compute where each file's sections go, and relocate symbols. */ digest_symbols(); /* * Print error messages for any missing symbols, for any warning * symbols, and possibly multiple definitions */ make_executable &= do_warnings(stderr); /* Print a map, if requested. */ if (write_map) print_symbols(stdout); /* Write the output file. */ if (make_executable || force_executable) write_output(); exit(!make_executable); } /* * Analyze a command line argument. Return 0 if the argument is a filename. * Return 1 if the argument is a option complete in itself. Return 2 if the * argument is a option which uses an argument. * * Thus, the value is the number of consecutive arguments that are part of * options. */ static int classify_arg(char *arg) { if (*arg != '-') return 0; switch (arg[1]) { case 'a': if (!strcmp(&arg[2], "ssert")) return 2; case 'A': case 'D': case 'e': case 'L': case 'R': case 'l': case 'o': case 'u': case 'V': case 'y': if (arg[2]) return 1; return 2; case 'B': if (!strcmp(&arg[2], "static")) return 1; if (!strcmp(&arg[2], "dynamic")) return 1; case 'T': if (arg[2] == 0) return 2; if (!strcmp(&arg[2], "text")) return 2; if (!strcmp(&arg[2], "data")) return 2; return 1; /* GNU binutils 2.x forward-compatible flags. */ case 'r': /* Ignore "-rpath" and hope ld.so.conf will cover our sins. */ if (!strcmp(&arg[1], "rpath")) return 2; return 1; case 's': /* Treat "-shared" and "-soname' like binutils 2.x does. */ if (!strcmp(&arg[1], "shared")) return 1; if (!strcmp(&arg[1], "soname")) return 2; break; } return 1; } /* * Process the command arguments, setting up file_table with an entry for * each input file, and setting variables according to the options. */ static void decode_command(int argc, char **argv) { int i; struct file_entry *p; number_of_files = 0; output_filename = "a.out"; /* * First compute number_of_files so we know how long to make * file_table. * Also process most options completely. */ for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) { int code = classify_arg(argv[i]); if (code) { if (i + code > argc) errx(1, "no argument following %s", argv[i]); decode_option(argv[i], argv[i + 1]); if (argv[i][1] == 'l' || argv[i][1] == 'A') number_of_files++; i += code - 1; } else number_of_files++; } if (!number_of_files) errx(1, "no input files"); p = file_table = (struct file_entry *) xmalloc(number_of_files * sizeof(struct file_entry)); bzero(p, number_of_files * sizeof(struct file_entry)); /* Now scan again and fill in file_table. */ /* All options except -A, -B and -l are ignored here. */ for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) { char *string; int code = classify_arg(argv[i]); if (code == 0) { p->filename = argv[i]; p->local_sym_name = argv[i]; p++; continue; } if (code == 2) string = argv[i + 1]; else string = &argv[i][2]; if (argv[i][1] == 'B') { if (strcmp(string, "static") == 0) link_mode &= ~DYNAMIC; else if (strcmp(string, "dynamic") == 0) link_mode |= DYNAMIC; else if (strcmp(string, "symbolic") == 0) link_mode |= SYMBOLIC; else if (strcmp(string, "forcearchive") == 0) link_mode |= FORCEARCHIVE; else if (strcmp(string, "shareable") == 0) link_mode |= SHAREABLE; #ifdef SUN_COMPAT else if (strcmp(string, "silly") == 0) link_mode |= SILLYARCHIVE; else if (strcmp(string, "~silly") == 0) link_mode &= ~SILLYARCHIVE; #endif } if (argv[i][1] == 'A') { if (p != file_table) errx(1, "-A specified before an input file other than the first"); p->filename = string; p->local_sym_name = string; p->flags |= E_JUST_SYMS; link_mode &= ~DYNAMIC; p++; } if (argv[i][1] == 'l') { p->filename = string; p->local_sym_name = concat("-l", string, ""); p->flags |= E_SEARCH_DIRS; if (link_mode & DYNAMIC && !relocatable_output) p->flags |= E_SEARCH_DYNAMIC; p++; } i += code - 1; } /* Now check some option settings for consistency. */ if (page_align_segments && (text_start - text_start_alignment) & (page_size - 1)) errx(1, "incorrect alignment of text start address"); /* Append the standard search directories to the user-specified ones. */ add_search_path(getenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH")); if (!nostdlib && getenv("LD_NOSTD_PATH") == NULL) std_search_path(); } static void add_cmdline_ref(symbol *sp) { symbol **ptr; for (ptr = cmdline_references; ptr < cmdline_references + cl_refs_allocated && *ptr; ptr++); if (ptr >= cmdline_references + cl_refs_allocated - 1) { int diff = ptr - cmdline_references; cl_refs_allocated *= 2; cmdline_references = (symbol **) xrealloc(cmdline_references, cl_refs_allocated * sizeof(symbol *)); ptr = cmdline_references + diff; } *ptr++ = sp; *ptr = (symbol *)0; } int set_element_prefixed_p(char *name) { struct string_list_element *p; int i; for (p = set_element_prefixes; p; p = p->next) { for (i = 0; p->str[i] != '\0' && (p->str[i] == name[i]); i++); if (p->str[i] == '\0') return 1; } return 0; } /* * Record an option and arrange to act on it later. ARG should be the * following command argument, which may or may not be used by this option. * * The `l' and `A' options are ignored here since they actually specify input * files. */ static void decode_option(char *swt, char *arg) { if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "Bstatic")) return; if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "Bdynamic")) return; if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "Bsymbolic")) return; if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "Bforcearchive")) return; if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "Bshareable")) { if (warn_obsolete_syntax) warnx("-Bshareable: obsolete syntax"); return; } if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "assert")) return; #ifdef GNU_BINUTIL_COMPAT if (strcmp(swt + 1, "-whole-archive") == 0) { /* XXX incomplete emulation */ link_mode |= FORCEARCHIVE; if (warn_forwards_compatible_inexact) warnx("-no-whole-archive treated as -Bshareable"); return; } if (strcmp(swt + 1, "-no-whole-archive") == 0) { /* XXX incomplete emulation */ if (warn_forwards_compatible_inexact) warnx("-no-whole-archive ignored"); return; } if (strcmp(swt + 1, "shared") == 0) { link_mode |= SHAREABLE; #ifdef DEBUG_COMPAT warnx("-shared treated as -Bshareable"); #endif return; } if (strcmp(swt + 1, "soname") == 0) { if (warn_forwards_compatible_inexact) warnx("-soname %s ignored", arg); return; } if (strcmp(swt + 1, "rpath") == 0) { if (warn_forwards_compatible_inexact) warnx("%s %s ignored", swt, arg); goto do_rpath; } #endif /* GNU_BINUTIL_COMPAT */ #ifdef SUN_COMPAT if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "Bsilly")) return; #endif if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "Ttext")) { text_start = parse(arg, "%x", "invalid argument to -Ttext"); T_flag_specified = 1; return; } if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "Tdata")) { rrs_data_start = parse(arg, "%x", "invalid argument to -Tdata"); Tdata_flag_specified = 1; return; } if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "noinhibit-exec")) { force_executable = 1; return; } if (!strcmp(swt + 1, "nostdlib")) { nostdlib = 1; return; } if (swt[2] != 0) arg = &swt[2]; switch (swt[1]) { case 'A': return; case 'D': specified_data_size = parse(arg, "%x", "invalid argument to -D"); return; case 'd': if (swt[2] == 0 || *arg == 'c') force_common_definition = 1; else if (*arg == 'p') force_alias_definition = 1; else errx(1, "-d option takes 'c' or 'p' argument"); return; case 'e': entry_symbol = getsym(arg); if (!entry_symbol->defined && !(entry_symbol->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) undefined_global_sym_count++; entry_symbol->flags |= GS_REFERENCED; add_cmdline_ref(entry_symbol); return; case 'l': return; case 'L': add_search_dir(arg); return; case 'R': do_rpath: rrs_search_paths = (rrs_search_paths == NULL) ? strdup(arg) : concat(rrs_search_paths, ":", arg); return; case 'M': write_map = 1; return; case 'N': magic = OMAGIC; return; case 'n': magic = NMAGIC; return; case 'o': output_filename = arg; return; case 'p': page_align_data = 1; return; #ifdef QMAGIC case 'Q': magic = QMAGIC; return; #endif case 'r': relocatable_output = 1; magic = OMAGIC; text_start = 0; return; case 'S': strip_symbols = STRIP_DEBUGGER; return; case 's': strip_symbols = STRIP_ALL; return; case 'T': text_start = parse(arg, "%x", "invalid argument to -T"); T_flag_specified = 1; return; case 't': trace_files = 1; return; case 'u': { symbol *sp = getsym(arg); if (!sp->defined && !(sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) undefined_global_sym_count++; sp->flags |= GS_REFERENCED; add_cmdline_ref(sp); } return; #if 1 case 'V': soversion = parse(arg, "%d", "invalid argument to -V"); return; #endif case 'X': discard_locals = DISCARD_L; return; case 'x': discard_locals = DISCARD_ALL; return; case 'y': { symbol *sp = getsym(&swt[2]); sp->flags |= GS_TRACE; } return; case 'z': magic = ZMAGIC; oldmagic = 0; #ifdef FreeBSD netzmagic = 1; #endif return; case 'Z': magic = oldmagic = ZMAGIC; #ifdef FreeBSD netzmagic = 0; #endif return; default: errx(1, "invalid command option `%s'", swt); } } /* Convenient functions for operating on one or all files being loaded. */ /* * Call FUNCTION on each input file entry. Do not call for entries for * libraries; instead, call once for each library member that is being * loaded. * * FUNCTION receives two arguments: the entry, and ARG. */ void each_file(void (*function)(struct file_entry *, void *), void *arg) { int i; for (i = 0; i < number_of_files; i++) { struct file_entry *entry = &file_table[i]; struct file_entry *subentry; if (entry->flags & E_SCRAPPED) continue; if (!(entry->flags & E_IS_LIBRARY)) (*function)(entry, arg); subentry = entry->subfiles; for (; subentry; subentry = subentry->chain) { if (subentry->flags & E_SCRAPPED) continue; (*function)(subentry, arg); } #ifdef SUN_COMPAT if (entry->silly_archive) { if (!(entry->flags & E_DYNAMIC)) warnx("Silly"); if (!(entry->silly_archive->flags & E_IS_LIBRARY)) warnx("Sillier"); subentry = entry->silly_archive->subfiles; for (; subentry; subentry = subentry->chain) { if (subentry->flags & E_SCRAPPED) continue; (*function)(subentry, arg); } } #endif } } /* Like `each_file' but ignore files that were just for symbol definitions. */ void each_full_file(void (*function)(struct file_entry *, void *), void *arg) { int i; for (i = 0; i < number_of_files; i++) { struct file_entry *entry = &file_table[i]; struct file_entry *subentry; if (entry->flags & (E_SCRAPPED | E_JUST_SYMS)) continue; #ifdef SUN_COMPAT if (entry->silly_archive) { if (!(entry->flags & E_DYNAMIC)) warnx("Silly"); if (!(entry->silly_archive->flags & E_IS_LIBRARY)) warnx("Sillier"); subentry = entry->silly_archive->subfiles; for (; subentry; subentry = subentry->chain) { if (subentry->flags & E_SCRAPPED) continue; (*function)(subentry, arg); } } #endif if (entry->flags & E_DYNAMIC) continue; if (!(entry->flags & E_IS_LIBRARY)) (*function)(entry, arg); subentry = entry->subfiles; for (; subentry; subentry = subentry->chain) { if (subentry->flags & E_SCRAPPED) continue; (*function)(subentry, arg); } } } /* Close the input file that is now open. */ static void file_close(void) { close(input_desc); input_desc = 0; input_file = 0; } /* * Open the input file specified by 'entry', and return a descriptor. The * open file is remembered; if the same file is opened twice in a row, a new * open is not actually done. */ int file_open(struct file_entry *entry) { int fd; if (entry->superfile && (entry->superfile->flags & E_IS_LIBRARY)) return file_open(entry->superfile); if (entry == input_file) return input_desc; if (input_file) file_close(); if (entry->flags & E_SEARCH_DIRS) { fd = findlib(entry); } else fd = open(entry->filename, O_RDONLY, 0); if (fd >= 0) { input_file = entry; input_desc = fd; return fd; } if (entry->flags & E_SEARCH_DIRS) errx(1, "%s: no match", entry->local_sym_name); else err(1, "%s", entry->filename); return fd; } int text_offset(struct file_entry *entry) { return entry->starting_offset + N_TXTOFF (entry->header); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* * Read a file's header into the proper place in the file_entry. FD is the * descriptor on which the file is open. ENTRY is the file's entry. */ void read_header(int fd, struct file_entry *entry) { int len; if (lseek(fd, entry->starting_offset, L_SET) != entry->starting_offset) err(1, "%s: read_header: lseek", get_file_name(entry)); len = read(fd, &entry->header, sizeof(struct exec)); if (len != sizeof (struct exec)) err(1, "%s: read_header: read", get_file_name(entry)); md_swapin_exec_hdr(&entry->header); if (N_BADMAG (entry->header)) errx(1, "%s: bad magic", get_file_name(entry)); if (N_BADMID(entry->header)) errx(1, "%s: non-native input file", get_file_name(entry)); entry->flags |= E_HEADER_VALID; } /* * Read the symbols of file ENTRY into core. Assume it is already open, on * descriptor FD. Also read the length of the string table, which follows * the symbol table, but don't read the contents of the string table. */ void read_entry_symbols(int fd, struct file_entry *entry) { int str_size; struct nlist *np; int i; if (!(entry->flags & E_HEADER_VALID)) read_header(fd, entry); np = (struct nlist *)alloca(entry->header.a_syms); entry->nsymbols = entry->header.a_syms / sizeof(struct nlist); if (entry->nsymbols == 0) return; entry->symbols = (struct localsymbol *) xmalloc(entry->nsymbols * sizeof(struct localsymbol)); if (lseek(fd, N_SYMOFF(entry->header) + entry->starting_offset, L_SET) != N_SYMOFF(entry->header) + entry->starting_offset) err(1, "%s: read_symbols: lseek(syms)", get_file_name(entry)); if (entry->header.a_syms != read(fd, np, entry->header.a_syms)) errx(1, "%s: read_symbols: premature end of file in symbols", get_file_name(entry)); md_swapin_symbols(np, entry->header.a_syms / sizeof(struct nlist)); for (i = 0; i < entry->nsymbols; i++) { entry->symbols[i].nzlist.nlist = *np++; entry->symbols[i].nzlist.nz_size = 0; entry->symbols[i].symbol = NULL; entry->symbols[i].next = NULL; entry->symbols[i].entry = entry; entry->symbols[i].gotslot_offset = -1; entry->symbols[i].flags = 0; } entry->strings_offset = N_STROFF(entry->header) + entry->starting_offset; if (lseek(fd, entry->strings_offset, 0) == (off_t)-1) err(1, "%s: read_symbols: lseek(strings)", get_file_name(entry)); if (sizeof str_size != read(fd, &str_size, sizeof str_size)) errx(1, "%s: read_symbols: cannot read string table size", get_file_name(entry)); entry->string_size = md_swap_long(str_size); } /* * Read the string table of file ENTRY open on descriptor FD, into core. */ void read_entry_strings(int fd, struct file_entry *entry) { if (entry->string_size == 0) return; if (!(entry->flags & E_HEADER_VALID) || !entry->strings_offset) errx(1, "%s: read_strings: string table unavailable", get_file_name(entry)); if (lseek(fd, entry->strings_offset, L_SET) != entry->strings_offset) err(1, "%s: read_strings: lseek", get_file_name(entry)); if (read(fd, entry->strings, entry->string_size) != entry->string_size) errx(1, "%s: read_strings: premature end of file in strings", get_file_name(entry)); return; } /* Read in the relocation sections of ENTRY if necessary */ void read_entry_relocation(int fd, struct file_entry *entry) { struct relocation_info *reloc; off_t pos; if (!entry->textrel) { reloc = (struct relocation_info *) xmalloc(MAX(entry->header.a_trsize, 1)); pos = text_offset(entry) + entry->header.a_text + entry->header.a_data; if (lseek(fd, pos, L_SET) != pos) err(1, "%s: read_reloc(text): lseek", get_file_name(entry)); if (read(fd, reloc, entry->header.a_trsize) != entry->header.a_trsize) errx(1, "%s: read_reloc(text): premature EOF", get_file_name(entry)); md_swapin_reloc(reloc, entry->header.a_trsize / sizeof(*reloc)); entry->textrel = reloc; entry->ntextrel = entry->header.a_trsize / sizeof(*reloc); } if (!entry->datarel) { reloc = (struct relocation_info *) xmalloc(MAX(entry->header.a_drsize, 1)); pos = text_offset(entry) + entry->header.a_text + entry->header.a_data + entry->header.a_trsize; if (lseek(fd, pos, L_SET) != pos) err(1, "%s: read_reloc(data): lseek", get_file_name(entry)); if (read(fd, reloc, entry->header.a_drsize) != entry->header.a_drsize) errx(1, "%s: read_reloc(data): premature EOF", get_file_name(entry)); md_swapin_reloc(reloc, entry->header.a_drsize / sizeof(*reloc)); entry->datarel = reloc; entry->ndatarel = entry->header.a_drsize / sizeof(*reloc); } } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int current_file; /* * Check whether a library name appears in the list of files * still to link in: used to avoid linking dependent libraries * that will be pulled in anyways. */ int will_see_later(const char *name) { int i; for (i = current_file+1; i < number_of_files; i++) if ((file_table[i].flags & E_SEARCH_DIRS) && strcmp(name, file_table[i].filename) == 0) return 1; return 0; } /* * Read in the symbols of all input files. */ static void load_symbols(void) { if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "Loading symbols:\n\n"); for (current_file = 0; current_file < number_of_files; current_file++) read_file_symbols(&file_table[current_file]); if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "\n"); } /* * If ENTRY is a rel file, read its symbol and string sections into core. If * it is a library, search it and load the appropriate members (which means * calling this function recursively on those members). */ void read_file_symbols(struct file_entry *entry) { int fd; int len; struct exec hdr; fd = file_open(entry); len = read(fd, &hdr, sizeof hdr); if (len != sizeof hdr) errx(1, "%s: read_file_symbols(header): premature EOF", get_file_name(entry)); md_swapin_exec_hdr(&hdr); if (!N_BADMAG (hdr)) { if (N_IS_DYNAMIC(hdr) && !(entry->flags & E_JUST_SYMS)) { if (relocatable_output) { errx(1, "%s: -r and shared objects currently not supported", get_file_name(entry)); return; } #if notyet /* Compatibility */ if (!(N_GETFLAG(hdr) & EX_PIC)) warnx("%s: EX_PIC not set", get_file_name(entry)); #endif entry->flags |= E_DYNAMIC; if (entry->superfile || rrs_add_shobj(entry)) read_shared_object(fd, entry); else entry->flags |= E_SCRAPPED; } else { if (N_GETFLAG(hdr) & EX_PIC) pic_code_seen = 1; read_entry_symbols(fd, entry); entry->strings = (char *)alloca(entry->string_size); read_entry_strings(fd, entry); read_entry_relocation(fd, entry); enter_file_symbols(entry); entry->strings = 0; } } else { char armag[SARMAG]; lseek (fd, 0, 0); if (SARMAG != read(fd, armag, SARMAG) || strncmp (armag, ARMAG, SARMAG)) errx(1, "%s: malformed input file (not rel or archive)", get_file_name(entry)); entry->flags |= E_IS_LIBRARY; search_library(fd, entry); } file_close(); } /* * Enter the external symbol defs and refs of ENTRY in the hash table. */ void enter_file_symbols(struct file_entry *entry) { struct localsymbol *lsp, *lspend; if (trace_files) prline_file_name(entry, stderr); lspend = entry->symbols + entry->nsymbols; for (lsp = entry->symbols; lsp < lspend; lsp++) { struct nlist *p = &lsp->nzlist.nlist; if (p->n_type == (N_SETV | N_EXT)) continue; /* * Turn magically prefixed symbols into set symbols of * a corresponding type. */ if (set_element_prefixes && set_element_prefixed_p(entry->strings+lsp->nzlist.nz_strx)) lsp->nzlist.nz_type += (N_SETA - N_ABS); if (SET_ELEMENT_P(p->n_type)) { set_symbol_count++; if (!relocatable_output) enter_global_ref(lsp, p->n_un.n_strx + entry->strings, entry); } else if (p->n_type == N_WARNING) { char *msg = p->n_un.n_strx + entry->strings; /* Grab the next entry. */ lsp++; p = &lsp->nzlist.nlist; if (p->n_type != (N_UNDF | N_EXT)) { warnx( "%s: Warning symbol without external reference following.", get_file_name(entry)); make_executable = 0; lsp--; /* Process normally. */ } else { symbol *sp; char *name = p->n_un.n_strx + entry->strings; /* Deal with the warning symbol. */ lsp->flags |= LS_WARNING; enter_global_ref(lsp, name, entry); sp = getsym(name); if (sp->warning == NULL) { sp->warning = (char *)xstrdup(msg); warn_sym_count++; } else if (strcmp(sp->warning, msg)) warnx( "%s: multiple definitions for warning symbol `%s'", get_file_name(entry), sp->name); } } else if (p->n_type & N_EXT) { enter_global_ref(lsp, p->n_un.n_strx + entry->strings, entry); } else if (p->n_un.n_strx && (p->n_un.n_strx + entry->strings)[0] == LPREFIX) lsp->flags |= LS_L_SYMBOL; } } /* * Enter one global symbol in the hash table. LSP points to the `struct * localsymbol' from the file that describes the global symbol. NAME is the * symbol's name. ENTRY is the file entry for the file the symbol comes from. * * LSP is put on the chain of all such structs that refer to the same symbol. * This chain starts in the `refs' for symbols from relocatable objects. A * backpointer to the global symbol is kept in LSP. * * Symbols from shared objects are linked through `soref'. For such symbols * that's all we do at this stage, with the exception of the case where the * symbol is a common. The `referenced' bit is only set for references from * relocatable objects. * */ static void enter_global_ref(struct localsymbol *lsp, char *name, struct file_entry *entry) { struct nzlist *nzp = &lsp->nzlist; symbol *sp = getsym(name); int type = nzp->nz_type; int oldref = (sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED); int olddef = sp->defined; int com = sp->defined && sp->common_size; if (type == (N_INDR | N_EXT) && !olddef) { sp->alias = getsym(entry->strings + (lsp + 1)->nzlist.nz_strx); if (sp == sp->alias) { warnx("%s: %s is alias for itself", get_file_name(entry), name); /* Rewrite symbol as global text symbol with value 0 */ lsp->nzlist.nz_type = N_TEXT|N_EXT; lsp->nzlist.nz_value = 0; make_executable = 0; } else { if ((entry->flags & E_DYNAMIC) == 0) global_alias_count++; if (sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED) { if (!(sp->alias->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) { sp->alias->flags |= GS_REFERENCED; if (!sp->alias->defined) undefined_global_sym_count++; } } } } if (entry->flags & E_DYNAMIC) { lsp->next = sp->sorefs; sp->sorefs = lsp; lsp->symbol = sp; /* * Handle commons from shared objects: * 1) If symbol hitherto undefined, turn it into a common. * 2) If symbol already common, update size if necessary. */ /*XXX - look at case where commons are only in shared objects */ if (type == (N_UNDF | N_EXT) && nzp->nz_value) { if (!olddef) { if (oldref) undefined_global_sym_count--; common_defined_global_count++; sp->common_size = nzp->nz_value; sp->defined = N_UNDF | N_EXT; } else if (com && sp->common_size < nzp->nz_value) { sp->common_size = nzp->nz_value; } } else if (type != (N_UNDF | N_EXT) && !oldref) { /* * This is an ex common... */ if (com) common_defined_global_count--; sp->common_size = 0; if (sp != dynamic_symbol && sp != got_symbol) sp->defined = 0; } /* * Handle size information in shared objects. */ if (nzp->nz_size > sp->size) sp->size = nzp->nz_size; if ((lsp->flags & LS_WARNING) && (sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) /* * Prevent warning symbols from getting * gratuitously referenced. */ list_warning_symbols = 1; return; } lsp->next = sp->refs; sp->refs = lsp; lsp->symbol = sp; if (lsp->flags & LS_WARNING) { /* * Prevent warning symbols from getting * gratuitously referenced. */ if (sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED) list_warning_symbols = 1; return; } if (sp->warning) list_warning_symbols = 1; sp->flags |= GS_REFERENCED; if (sp == dynamic_symbol || sp == got_symbol) { if (type != (N_UNDF | N_EXT) && !(entry->flags & E_JUST_SYMS)) errx(1,"Linker reserved symbol %s defined as type %x ", name, type); return; } if (olddef && N_ISWEAK(&nzp->nlist) && !(sp->flags & GS_WEAK)) { #ifdef DEBUG printf("%s: not overridden by weak symbol from %s\n", sp->name, get_file_name(entry)); #endif return; } if (type == (N_SIZE | N_EXT)) { if (relocatable_output && nzp->nz_value != 0 && sp->size == 0) size_sym_count++; if (sp->size < nzp->nz_value) sp->size = nzp->nz_value; } else if (type != (N_UNDF | N_EXT) || nzp->nz_value) { /* * Set `->defined' here, so commons and undefined globals * can be counted correctly. */ if (!sp->defined || sp->defined == (N_UNDF | N_EXT)) { sp->defined = type; } if ((sp->flags & GS_WEAK) && !N_ISWEAK(&nzp->nlist)) { /* * Upgrade an existing weak definition. * We fake it by pretending the symbol is undefined; * must undo any common fiddling, however. */ if (!oldref) errx(1, "internal error: enter_glob_ref: " "weak symbol not referenced"); if (!olddef && !com) undefined_weak_sym_count--; undefined_global_sym_count++; sp->defined = type; sp->flags &= ~GS_WEAK; olddef = 0; if (com) common_defined_global_count--; com = 0; sp->common_size = 0; } if (oldref && !olddef) { /* * It used to be undefined and we're defining it. */ undefined_global_sym_count--; if (sp->flags & GS_WEAK) /* Used to be a weak reference */ undefined_weak_sym_count--; if (undefined_global_sym_count < 0 || undefined_weak_sym_count < 0) errx(1, "internal error: enter_glob_ref: " "undefined_global_sym_count = %d, " "undefined_weak_sym_count = %d", undefined_global_sym_count, undefined_weak_sym_count); } if (N_ISWEAK(&nzp->nlist)) /* The definition is weak */ sp->flags |= GS_WEAK; if (!olddef && type == (N_UNDF | N_EXT) && nzp->nz_value) { /* * First definition and it's common. */ common_defined_global_count++; sp->common_size = nzp->nz_value; } else if (com && type != (N_UNDF | N_EXT)) { /* * It used to be common and we're defining * it as something else. */ common_defined_global_count--; sp->common_size = 0; } else if (com && type == (N_UNDF | N_EXT) && sp->common_size < nzp->nz_value) /* * It used to be common and this is a new common entry * to which we need to pay attention. */ sp->common_size = nzp->nz_value; if (SET_ELEMENT_P(type) && (!olddef || com)) set_vector_count++; } else if (!oldref && !com) { /* * An unreferenced symbol can already be defined * as common by shared objects. */ undefined_global_sym_count++; if (N_ISWEAK(&nzp->nlist)) { /* The reference is weak */ sp->flags |= GS_WEAK; undefined_weak_sym_count++; } } if (sp == end_symbol && (entry->flags & E_JUST_SYMS) && !T_flag_specified) text_start = nzp->nz_value; if (sp->flags & GS_TRACE) { char *reftype; switch (type & N_TYPE) { case N_UNDF: reftype = nzp->nz_value ? "defined as common" : "referenced"; break; case N_ABS: reftype = "defined as absolute"; break; case N_TEXT: reftype = "defined in text section"; break; case N_DATA: reftype = "defined in data section"; break; case N_BSS: reftype = "defined in BSS section"; break; case N_INDR: reftype = "alias"; break; case N_SIZE: reftype = "size spec"; break; default: reftype = "I don't know this type"; break; } fprintf(stderr, "symbol %s %s%s in ", sp->name, (N_ISWEAK(&nzp->nlist))?"weakly ":"", reftype); print_file_name (entry, stderr); fprintf(stderr, "\n"); } } /* * Having entered all the global symbols and found the sizes of sections of * all files to be linked, make all appropriate deductions from this data. * * We propagate global symbol values from definitions to references. We compute * the layout of the output file and where each input file's contents fit * into it. * * This is now done in several stages. * * 1) All global symbols are examined for definitions in relocatable (.o) * files. The symbols' type is set according to the definition found, * but its value can not yet be determined. In stead, we keep a pointer * to the file entry's localsymbol that bequeathed the global symbol with * its definition. Also, multiple (incompatible) definitions are checked * for in this pass. If no definition comes forward, the set of local * symbols originating from shared objects is searched for a definition. * * 2) Then the relocation information of each relocatable file is examined * for possible contributions to the RRS section. * * 3) When this is done, the sizes and start addresses are set of all segments * that will appear in the output file (including the RRS segment). * * 4) Finally, all symbols are relocated according according to the start * of the entry they are part of. Then global symbols are assigned their * final values. Also, space for commons and imported data are allocated * during this pass, if the link mode in effect so demands. * */ static void digest_symbols(void) { if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "Digesting symbol information:\n\n"); if (!relocatable_output) { /* * The set sector size is the number of set elements + a word * for each symbol for the length word at the beginning of * the vector, plus a word for each symbol for a zero at the * end of the vector (for incremental linking). */ set_sect_size = (set_symbol_count + 2 * set_vector_count) * sizeof (unsigned long); set_vectors = (long *)xmalloc (set_sect_size); setv_fill_count = 0; } /* Pass 1: check and define symbols */ defined_global_sym_count = 0; digest_pass1(); each_full_file(consider_relocation, (void *)0); /* Text */ each_full_file(consider_relocation, (void *)1); /* Data */ each_file(consider_local_symbols, (void *)0); /* * Compute total size of sections. * RRS data is the first output data section, RRS text is the last * text section. Thus, DATA_START is calculated from RRS_DATA_START * and RRS_DATA_SIZE, while RRS_TEXT_START is derived from TEXT_START * and TEXT_SIZE. */ consider_rrs_section_lengths(); each_full_file(consider_file_section_lengths, (void *)0); rrs_text_start = text_start + text_size; text_size += rrs_text_size; data_size += rrs_data_size; /* * If necessary, pad text section to full page in the file. Include * the padding in the text segment size. */ if (page_align_segments || page_align_data) { text_pad = PALIGN(text_size, page_size) - text_size; text_size += text_pad; } outheader.a_text = text_size; /* * Make the data segment address start in memory on a suitable * boundary. */ if (!Tdata_flag_specified) rrs_data_start = text_start + DATA_START(outheader) - TEXT_START(outheader); data_start = rrs_data_start + rrs_data_size; if (!relocatable_output) { set_sect_start = rrs_data_start + data_size; data_size += MALIGN(set_sect_size); } bss_start = rrs_data_start + data_size; #ifdef DEBUG printf("textstart = %#x, textsize = %#x, rrs_text_start = %#x, rrs_text_size %#x\n", text_start, text_size, rrs_text_start, rrs_text_size); printf("datastart = %#x, datasize = %#x, rrs_data_start %#x, rrs_data_size %#x\n", data_start, data_size, rrs_data_start, rrs_data_size); printf("bssstart = %#x, bsssize = %#x\n", bss_start, bss_size); printf("set_sect_start = %#x, set_sect_size = %#x\n", set_sect_start, set_sect_size); #endif /* Compute start addresses of each file's sections and symbols. */ each_full_file(relocate_file_addresses, (void*) 0); relocate_rrs_addresses(); /* Pass 2: assign values to symbols */ digest_pass2(); if (end_symbol) { /* These are null if -r. */ etext_symbol->value = text_start + text_size - text_pad; edata_symbol->value = rrs_data_start + data_size; end_symbol->value = rrs_data_start + data_size + bss_size; } /* * Figure the data_pad now, so that it overlaps with the bss * addresses. */ if (specified_data_size && specified_data_size > data_size) data_pad = specified_data_size - data_size; if (page_align_segments) data_pad = PALIGN(data_pad + data_size, page_size) - data_size; bss_size -= data_pad; if (bss_size < 0) bss_size = 0; data_size += data_pad; /* * Calculate total number of symbols that will go into * the output symbol table (barring DISCARD_* settings). */ global_sym_count = defined_global_sym_count + undefined_global_sym_count; if (dynamic_symbol->flags & GS_REFERENCED) global_sym_count++; if (got_symbol->flags & GS_REFERENCED) global_sym_count++; if (relocatable_output || building_shared_object) { /* For each alias we write out two struct nlists */ global_sym_count += global_alias_count; /* Propagate warning symbols; costs two extra struct nlists */ global_sym_count += 2 * warn_sym_count; } if (relocatable_output) /* We write out the original N_SIZE symbols */ global_sym_count += size_sym_count; #ifdef DEBUG printf( "global symbols %d " "(defined %d, undefined %d, weak %d, aliases %d, warnings 2 * %d, " "size symbols %d)\ncommons %d, locals: %d, debug symbols: %d, set_symbols %d\n", global_sym_count, defined_global_sym_count, undefined_global_sym_count, undefined_weak_sym_count, global_alias_count, warn_sym_count, size_sym_count, common_defined_global_count, local_sym_count, debugger_sym_count, set_symbol_count); #endif } /* * Determine the definition of each global symbol. */ static void digest_pass1(void) { /* * For each symbol, verify that it is defined globally at most * once within relocatable files (except when building a shared lib). * and set the `defined' field if there is a definition. * * Then check the shared object symbol chain for any remaining * undefined symbols. Set the `so_defined' field for any * definition find this way. */ FOR_EACH_SYMBOL(i, sp) { symbol *spsave; struct localsymbol *lsp; struct nlist *q = NULL; int defs = 0; if (!(sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) { #if 0 /* Check for undefined symbols in shared objects */ int type; for (lsp = sp->sorefs; lsp; lsp = lsp->next) { type = lsp->nzlist.nlist.n_type; if ((type & N_EXT) && type != (N_UNDF | N_EXT)) break; } if ((type & N_EXT) && type == (N_UNDF | N_EXT)) undefined_shobj_sym_count++; #endif /* Superfluous symbol from shared object */ continue; } if (sp->so_defined) /* Already examined; must have been an alias */ continue; if (sp == got_symbol || sp == dynamic_symbol) continue; for (lsp = sp->refs; lsp; lsp = lsp->next) { struct nlist *p = &lsp->nzlist.nlist; int type = p->n_type; if (SET_ELEMENT_P(type)) { if (relocatable_output) errx(1, "internal error: global ref to set el %s with -r", sp->name); if (!defs++) { sp->defined = N_SETV | N_EXT; sp->value = setv_fill_count++ * sizeof(long); } else if ((sp->defined & N_TYPE) != N_SETV) { sp->mult_defs = 1; multiple_def_count++; } /* Keep count and remember symbol */ sp->setv_count++; set_vectors[setv_fill_count++] = (long)p; if (building_shared_object) { struct relocation_info reloc; /* * Make sure to relocate the contents * of this set vector. */ bzero(&reloc, sizeof(reloc)); RELOC_INIT_SEGMENT_RELOC(&reloc); RELOC_ADDRESS(&reloc) = setv_fill_count * sizeof(long); alloc_rrs_segment_reloc(NULL, &reloc); } } else if ((type & N_EXT) && type != (N_UNDF | N_EXT) && (type & N_TYPE) != N_FN && (type & N_TYPE) != N_SIZE) { /* non-common definition */ if (!N_ISWEAK(p)) ++defs; if (defs > 1) { sp->mult_defs = 1; multiple_def_count++; } else if (!N_ISWEAK(p) || (!sp->def_lsp && !sp->common_size)) { sp->def_lsp = lsp; lsp->entry->flags |= E_SYMBOLS_USED; sp->defined = type; sp->aux = N_AUX(p); } } } /* * If this symbol has acquired final definition, we're done. * Commons must be allowed to bind to shared object data * definitions. */ if (sp->defined && (sp->common_size == 0 || relocatable_output || building_shared_object)) { if ((sp->defined & N_TYPE) == N_SETV) /* Allocate zero entry in set vector */ setv_fill_count++; /* * At this stage, we do not know whether an alias * is going to be defined for real here, or whether * it refers to a shared object symbol. The decision * is deferred until digest_pass2(). */ if (!sp->alias) defined_global_sym_count++; continue; } if (relocatable_output) /* We're done */ continue; /* * Still undefined, search the shared object symbols for a * definition. This symbol must go into the RRS. */ if (building_shared_object) { /* Just punt for now */ undefined_global_sym_count--; if (undefined_global_sym_count < 0) errx(1, "internal error: digest_pass1,1: %s: undefined_global_sym_count = %d", sp->name, undefined_global_sym_count); continue; } spsave=sp; /*XXX*/ again: for (lsp = sp->sorefs; lsp; lsp = lsp->next) { struct nlist *p = &lsp->nzlist.nlist; int type = p->n_type; if ((type & N_EXT) && type != (N_UNDF | N_EXT) && (type & N_TYPE) != N_FN) { /* non-common definition */ if (sp->common_size) { /* * This common has an so defn; switch * to it iff defn is: data, first-class * and not weak. */ if (N_AUX(p) != AUX_OBJECT || N_ISWEAK(p) || (lsp->entry->flags & E_SECONDCLASS)) continue; /* * Change common to so ref. First, * downgrade common to undefined. */ sp->common_size = 0; sp->defined = 0; common_defined_global_count--; undefined_global_sym_count++; } /* Let WEAK symbols take precedence over second class */ if (q != NULL && N_ISWEAK(q) && (lsp->entry->flags & E_SECONDCLASS)) continue; q = p; sp->def_lsp = lsp; sp->so_defined = type; sp->aux = N_AUX(p); if (lsp->entry->flags & E_SECONDCLASS) /* Keep looking for something better */ continue; if (N_ISWEAK(p)) /* Keep looking for something better */ continue; break; } } if (sp->def_lsp) { #ifdef DEBUG printf("pass1: SO definition for %s, type %x in %s at %#x\n", sp->name, sp->so_defined, get_file_name(sp->def_lsp->entry), sp->def_lsp->nzlist.nz_value); #endif sp->def_lsp->entry->flags |= E_SYMBOLS_USED; if (sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED) { undefined_global_sym_count--; } else sp->flags |= GS_REFERENCED; if (undefined_global_sym_count < 0) errx(1, "internal error: digest_pass1,2: " "%s: undefined_global_sym_count = %d", sp->name, undefined_global_sym_count); if (sp->alias && !(sp->alias->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) { sp = sp->alias; goto again; } } else if (sp->defined) { if (sp->common_size == 0) errx(1, "internal error: digest_pass1,3: " "%s: not a common: %x", sp->name, sp->defined); /* * Common not bound to shared object data; treat * it now like other defined symbols were above. */ if (!sp->alias) defined_global_sym_count++; } sp=spsave; /*XXX*/ } END_EACH_SYMBOL; if (setv_fill_count != set_sect_size/sizeof(long)) errx(1, "internal error: allocated set symbol space (%d) " "doesn't match actual (%d)", set_sect_size/sizeof(long), setv_fill_count); } /* * Scan relocation info in ENTRY for contributions to the RRS section * of the output file. */ static void consider_relocation( struct file_entry *entry, void *dataseg) { struct relocation_info *reloc, *end; struct localsymbol *lsp; symbol *sp; #ifdef ALLOW_SPARC_MIX static int locked_pic_small = 0; #endif if (dataseg == 0) { /* Text relocations */ reloc = entry->textrel; end = entry->textrel + entry->ntextrel; } else { /* Data relocations */ reloc = entry->datarel; end = entry->datarel + entry->ndatarel; } for (; reloc < end; reloc++) { if (relocatable_output) { lsp = &entry->symbols[reloc->r_symbolnum]; if (RELOC_BASEREL_P(reloc)) { pic_code_seen = 1; /* Compatibility */ if (!RELOC_EXTERN_P(reloc)) lsp->flags |= LS_RENAME; } continue; } /* * First, do the PIC specific relocs. * r_relative and r_copy should not occur at this point * (we do output them). The others break down to these * combinations: * * jmptab: extern: needs jmp slot * !extern: "intersegment" jump/call, * should get resolved in output * * baserel: extern: need GOT entry * !extern: may need GOT entry, * machine dependent * * baserel's always refer to symbol through `r_symbolnum' * whether extern or not. Internal baserels refer to statics * that must be accessed either *through* the GOT table like * global data, or by means of an offset from the GOT table. * The macro RELOC_STATICS_THROUGH_GOT_P() determines which * applies, since this is a machine (compiler?) dependent * addressing mode. */ if (RELOC_JMPTAB_P(reloc)) { if (!RELOC_EXTERN_P(reloc)) continue; lsp = &entry->symbols[reloc->r_symbolnum]; sp = lsp->symbol; if (sp->alias) sp = sp->alias; if (sp->flags & GS_TRACE) { fprintf(stderr, "symbol %s has jmpslot in %s\n", sp->name, get_file_name(entry)); } alloc_rrs_jmpslot(entry, sp); } else if (RELOC_BASEREL_P(reloc)) { lsp = &entry->symbols[reloc->r_symbolnum]; alloc_rrs_gotslot(entry, reloc, lsp); /* sparc assembler instructions sometimes hold RELOC_22/RELOC_11, even when using the small -fpic model. This should not yield an error though. The linker is still thoroughly unsubtle about it and constrains everything to +/-4096 of the GOT */ #ifdef ALLOW_SPARC_MIX if (!locked_pic_small) { if (pic_type != PIC_TYPE_NONE && RELOC_PIC_TYPE(reloc) != pic_type) { warnx("%s: reloc type mix, enforcing pic model", get_file_name(entry)); pic_type = PIC_TYPE_SMALL; locked_pic_small = 1; } else pic_type = RELOC_PIC_TYPE(reloc); } #else pic_type = RELOC_PIC_TYPE(reloc); if (pic_type != PIC_TYPE_NONE && RELOC_PIC_TYPE(reloc) != pic_type) errx(1, "%s: illegal reloc type mix", get_file_name(entry)); pic_type = RELOC_PIC_TYPE(reloc); #endif } else if (RELOC_EXTERN_P(reloc)) { /* * Non-PIC relocations. * If the definition comes from a shared object * we need a relocation entry in RRS. * * If the .so definition is N_TEXT a jmpslot is * allocated. * * If it is N_DATA we allocate an address in BSS (?) * and arrange for the data to be copied at run-time. * The symbol is temporarily marked with N_SIZE in * the `defined' field, so we know what to do in * pass2() and during actual relocation. We convert * the type back to something real again when writing * out the symbols. * */ lsp = &entry->symbols[reloc->r_symbolnum]; sp = lsp->symbol; if (sp == NULL) errx(1, "%s: bogus relocation record", get_file_name(entry)); if (sp->alias) sp = sp->alias; /* * Skip refs to _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_ and __DYNAMIC */ if (sp == got_symbol) { if (!CHECK_GOT_RELOC(reloc)) errx(1, "%s: Unexpected relocation type for GOT symbol", get_file_name(entry)); continue; } /* * This symbol gives rise to a RRS entry */ if (building_shared_object) { if (sp->flags & GS_TRACE) { fprintf(stderr, "symbol %s RRS entry in %s\n", sp->name, get_file_name(entry)); } alloc_rrs_reloc(entry, sp); continue; } if (force_alias_definition && sp->so_defined && sp->aux == AUX_FUNC) { /* Call to shared library procedure */ alloc_rrs_jmpslot(entry, sp); } else if (sp->size && sp->so_defined && sp->aux == AUX_OBJECT) { /* Reference to shared library data */ alloc_rrs_cpy_reloc(entry, sp); sp->defined = N_SIZE; } else if (!sp->defined && sp->common_size == 0 && sp->so_defined) alloc_rrs_reloc(entry, sp); } else { /* * Segment relocation. * Prepare an RRS relocation as these are load * address dependent. */ if (building_shared_object && !RELOC_PCREL_P(reloc)) { alloc_rrs_segment_reloc(entry, reloc); } } } } /* * Determine the disposition of each local symbol. */ static void consider_local_symbols(struct file_entry *entry, void *dummy) { struct localsymbol *lsp, *lspend; if (entry->flags & E_DYNAMIC) return; lspend = entry->symbols + entry->nsymbols; /* * For each symbol determine whether it should go * in the output symbol table. */ for (lsp = entry->symbols; lsp < lspend; lsp++) { struct nlist *p = &lsp->nzlist.nlist; int type = p->n_type; if (type == N_WARNING) continue; if (SET_ELEMENT_P (type)) { /* * This occurs even if global. These types of * symbols are never written globally, though * they are stored globally. */ if (relocatable_output) lsp->flags |= LS_WRITE; } else if (!(type & (N_STAB | N_EXT))) { /* * Ordinary local symbol */ if ((lsp->flags & LS_RENAME) || ( discard_locals != DISCARD_ALL && !(discard_locals == DISCARD_L && (lsp->flags & LS_L_SYMBOL))) ) { lsp->flags |= LS_WRITE; local_sym_count++; } } else if (!(type & N_EXT)) { /* * Debugger symbol */ if (strip_symbols == STRIP_NONE) { lsp->flags |= LS_WRITE; debugger_sym_count++; } } } /* * Count one for the local symbol that we generate, * whose name is the file's name (usually) and whose address * is the start of the file's text. */ if (discard_locals != DISCARD_ALL) local_sym_count++; } /* * Accumulate the section sizes of input file ENTRY into the section sizes of * the output file. */ static void consider_file_section_lengths(struct file_entry *entry, void *dummy) { entry->text_start_address = text_size; /* If there were any vectors, we need to chop them off */ text_size += entry->header.a_text; entry->data_start_address = data_size; data_size += entry->header.a_data; entry->bss_start_address = bss_size; bss_size += MALIGN(entry->header.a_bss); text_reloc_size += entry->header.a_trsize; data_reloc_size += entry->header.a_drsize; } /* * Determine where the sections of ENTRY go into the output file, * whose total section sizes are already known. * Also relocate the addresses of the file's local and debugger symbols. */ static void relocate_file_addresses(struct file_entry *entry, void *dummy) { struct localsymbol *lsp, *lspend; entry->text_start_address += text_start; /* * Note that `data_start' and `data_size' have not yet been * adjusted for `data_pad'. If they had been, we would get the wrong * results here. */ entry->data_start_address += data_start; entry->bss_start_address += bss_start; #ifdef DEBUG printf("%s: datastart: %#x, bss %#x\n", get_file_name(entry), entry->data_start_address, entry->bss_start_address); #endif lspend = entry->symbols + entry->nsymbols; for (lsp = entry->symbols; lsp < lspend; lsp++) { struct nlist *p = &lsp->nzlist.nlist; int type = p->n_type; /* * If this belongs to a section, update it * by the section's start address */ switch (type & N_TYPE) { case N_TEXT: case N_SETT: p->n_value += entry->text_start_address; break; case N_DATA: case N_SETD: case N_SETV: /* * A symbol whose value is in the data section is * present in the input file as if the data section * started at an address equal to the length of the * file's text. */ p->n_value += entry->data_start_address - entry->header.a_text; break; case N_BSS: case N_SETB: /* likewise for symbols with value in BSS. */ p->n_value += entry->bss_start_address - (entry->header.a_text + entry->header.a_data); break; } } } /* * Assign a value to each global symbol. */ static void digest_pass2(void) { FOR_EACH_SYMBOL(i, sp) { int size; int align = sizeof(int); if (!(sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) continue; if (sp->alias && (relocatable_output || building_shared_object || (sp->alias->defined && !sp->alias->so_defined))) { /* * The alias points at a defined symbol, so it * must itself be counted as one too, in order to * compute the correct number of symbol table entries. */ if (!sp->defined) { if (building_shared_object && !sp->alias->defined) /* Exclude aliases in shared objects */ continue; /* * Change aliased symbol's definition too. * These things happen if shared object commons * or data is going into our symbol table. */ if (sp->so_defined != (N_INDR+N_EXT)) warnx( "pass2: %s: alias isn't", sp->name); sp->defined = sp->so_defined; sp->so_defined = 0; } defined_global_sym_count++; } if ((sp->defined & N_TYPE) == N_SETV) { /* * Set length word at front of vector and zero byte * at end. Reverse the vector itself to put it in * file order. */ unsigned long i, *p, *q; unsigned long length_word_index = sp->value / sizeof(long); /* Relocate symbol value */ sp->value += set_sect_start; set_vectors[length_word_index] = sp->setv_count; /* * Relocate vector to final address. */ for (i = 0; i < sp->setv_count; i++) { struct nlist *p = (struct nlist *) set_vectors[1+i+length_word_index]; set_vectors[1+i+length_word_index] = p->n_value; if (building_shared_object) { struct relocation_info reloc; bzero(&reloc, sizeof(reloc)); RELOC_INIT_SEGMENT_RELOC(&reloc); RELOC_ADDRESS(&reloc) = (1 + i + length_word_index) * sizeof(long) + set_sect_start; RELOC_TYPE(&reloc) = (p->n_type - (N_SETA - N_ABS)) & N_TYPE; claim_rrs_segment_reloc(NULL, &reloc); } } /* * Reverse the vector. */ p = &set_vectors[length_word_index + 1]; q = &set_vectors[length_word_index + sp->setv_count]; while (p < q) { unsigned long tmp = *p; *p++ = *q; *q-- = tmp; } /* Clear terminating entry */ set_vectors[length_word_index + sp->setv_count + 1] = 0; continue; } if (sp->def_lsp) { if (sp->defined && (sp->defined & ~N_EXT) != N_SETV) sp->value = sp->def_lsp->nzlist.nz_value; if (sp->so_defined && (sp->def_lsp->entry->flags & E_SECONDCLASS)) /* Flag second-hand definitions */ undefined_global_sym_count++; if (sp->flags & GS_TRACE) printf("symbol %s assigned to location %#lx\n", sp->name, sp->value); } /* * If not -r'ing, allocate common symbols in the BSS section. */ if (building_shared_object && !(link_mode & SYMBOLIC)) /* No common allocation in shared objects */ continue; if ((size = sp->common_size) != 0) { /* * It's a common. */ if (sp->defined != (N_UNDF + N_EXT)) errx(1, "%s: common isn't", sp->name); } else if ((size = sp->size) != 0 && sp->defined == N_SIZE) { /* * It's data from shared object with size info. */ if (!sp->so_defined) errx(1, "%s: Bogus N_SIZE item", sp->name); } else /* * It's neither */ continue; if (relocatable_output && !force_common_definition) { sp->defined = 0; undefined_global_sym_count++; defined_global_sym_count--; continue; } /* * Round up to nearest sizeof (int). I don't know whether * this is necessary or not (given that alignment is taken * care of later), but it's traditional, so I'll leave it in. * Note that if this size alignment is ever removed, ALIGN * above will have to be initialized to 1 instead of sizeof * (int). */ size = PALIGN(size, sizeof(int)); while (align < MAX_ALIGNMENT && !(size & align)) align <<= 1; bss_size = PALIGN(bss_size + data_size + rrs_data_start, align) - (data_size + rrs_data_start); sp->value = rrs_data_start + data_size + bss_size; if (sp->defined == (N_UNDF | N_EXT)) sp->defined = N_BSS | N_EXT; else { sp->so_defined = 0; defined_global_sym_count++; } bss_size += size; if (write_map) printf("Allocating %s %s: %x at %lx\n", sp->defined==(N_BSS|N_EXT)?"common":"data", sp->name, size, sp->value); } END_EACH_SYMBOL; } /* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Write the output file */ void write_output(void) { struct stat statbuf; int filemode; mode_t u_mask; if (lstat(output_filename, &statbuf) == 0) { if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) (void)unlink(output_filename); } u_mask = umask(0); (void)umask(u_mask); outstream = fopen(output_filename, "w"); if (outstream == NULL) err(1, "open: %s", output_filename); if (fstat(fileno(outstream), &statbuf) < 0) err(1, "fstat: %s", output_filename); filemode = statbuf.st_mode; if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode) && chmod(output_filename, filemode & ~0111) == -1) err(1, "chmod: %s", output_filename); /* Output the a.out header. */ write_header(); /* Output the text and data segments, relocating as we go. */ write_text(); write_data(); /* Output the merged relocation info, if requested with `-r'. */ if (relocatable_output) write_rel(); /* Output the symbol table (both globals and locals). */ write_syms(); /* Output the RSS section */ write_rrs(); if (chmod (output_filename, filemode | (0111 & ~u_mask)) == -1) err(1, "chmod: %s", output_filename); fflush(outstream); /* Report I/O error such as disk full. */ if (ferror(outstream) || fclose(outstream) != 0) err(1, "write_output: %s", output_filename); outstream = 0; } /* Total number of symbols to be written in the output file. */ static int nsyms; void write_header(void) { int flags; if (link_mode & SHAREABLE) /* Output is shared object */ flags = EX_DYNAMIC | EX_PIC; else if (relocatable_output && pic_code_seen) /* Output is relocatable and contains PIC code */ flags = EX_PIC; else if (rrs_section_type == RRS_FULL) /* Output is a dynamic executable */ flags = EX_DYNAMIC; else /* * Output is a static executable * or a non-PIC relocatable object */ flags = 0; if (oldmagic && (flags & EX_DPMASK)) warnx("Cannot set flag in old magic headers"); N_SET_FLAG (outheader, flags); outheader.a_text = text_size; outheader.a_data = data_size; outheader.a_bss = bss_size; outheader.a_entry = (entry_symbol ? entry_symbol->value : text_start + entry_offset); if (strip_symbols == STRIP_ALL) nsyms = 0; else nsyms = global_sym_count + local_sym_count + debugger_sym_count; if (relocatable_output) nsyms += set_symbol_count; outheader.a_syms = nsyms * sizeof (struct nlist); if (relocatable_output) { outheader.a_trsize = text_reloc_size; outheader.a_drsize = data_reloc_size; } else { outheader.a_trsize = 0; outheader.a_drsize = 0; } md_swapout_exec_hdr(&outheader); mywrite(&outheader, 1, sizeof(struct exec), outstream); md_swapin_exec_hdr(&outheader); /* * Output whatever padding is required in the executable file * between the header and the start of the text. */ #ifndef COFF_ENCAPSULATE padfile(N_TXTOFF(outheader) - sizeof outheader, outstream); #endif } /* * Relocate the text segment of each input file * and write to the output file. */ void write_text(void) { if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "Copying and relocating text:\n\n"); each_full_file(copy_text, (void *)0); file_close(); if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "\n"); padfile(text_pad, outstream); } /* * Read the text segment contents of ENTRY, relocate them, and write the * result to the output file. If `-r', save the text relocation for later * reuse. */ void copy_text(struct file_entry *entry, void *dummy) { char *bytes; int fd; if (trace_files) prline_file_name(entry, stderr); fd = file_open(entry); /* Allocate space for the file's text section */ bytes = (char *)alloca(entry->header.a_text); /* Deal with relocation information however is appropriate */ if (entry->textrel == NULL) errx(1, "%s: no text relocation", get_file_name(entry)); /* Read the text section into core. */ if (lseek(fd, text_offset(entry), L_SET) == (off_t)-1) err(1, "%s: copy_text: lseek", get_file_name(entry)); if (entry->header.a_text != read(fd, bytes, entry->header.a_text)) errx(1, "%s: copy_text: premature EOF", get_file_name(entry)); /* Relocate the text according to the text relocation. */ perform_relocation (bytes, entry->header.a_text, entry->textrel, entry->ntextrel, entry, 0); /* Write the relocated text to the output file. */ mywrite(bytes, entry->header.a_text, 1, outstream); } /* * Relocate the data segment of each input file * and write to the output file. */ void write_data(void) { off_t pos; if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "Copying and relocating data:\n\n"); pos = N_DATOFF(outheader) + data_start - rrs_data_start; if (fseek(outstream, pos, SEEK_SET) != 0) errx(1, "write_data: fseek"); each_full_file(copy_data, (void *)0); file_close(); /* * Write out the set element vectors. See digest symbols for * description of length of the set vector section. */ if (set_vector_count) { swap_longs(set_vectors, set_symbol_count + 2*set_vector_count); mywrite(set_vectors, set_symbol_count + 2*set_vector_count, sizeof (unsigned long), outstream); } if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "\n"); padfile(data_pad, outstream); } /* * Read the data segment contents of ENTRY, relocate them, and write the * result to the output file. If `-r', save the data relocation for later * reuse. See comments in `copy_text'. */ void copy_data(struct file_entry *entry, void *dummy) { char *bytes; int fd; if (trace_files) prline_file_name (entry, stderr); fd = file_open(entry); bytes = (char *)alloca(entry->header.a_data); if (entry->datarel == NULL) errx(1, "%s: no data relocation", get_file_name(entry)); if (lseek(fd, text_offset(entry) + entry->header.a_text, L_SET) == (off_t)-1) err(1, "%s: copy_data: lseek", get_file_name(entry)); if (entry->header.a_data != read(fd, bytes, entry->header.a_data)) errx(1, "%s: copy_data: premature EOF", get_file_name(entry)); perform_relocation(bytes, entry->header.a_data, entry->datarel, entry->ndatarel, entry, 1); mywrite(bytes, entry->header.a_data, 1, outstream); } /* * Relocate ENTRY's text or data section contents. DATA is the address of the * contents, in core. DATA_SIZE is the length of the contents. PC_RELOCATION * is the difference between the address of the contents in the output file * and its address in the input file. RELOC is the address of the * relocation info, in core. NRELOC says how many there are. */ int pc_relocation; void perform_relocation(char *data, int data_size, struct relocation_info *reloc, int nreloc, struct file_entry *entry, int dataseg) { struct relocation_info *r = reloc; struct relocation_info *end = reloc + nreloc; int text_relocation = entry->text_start_address; int data_relocation = entry->data_start_address - entry->header.a_text; int bss_relocation = entry->bss_start_address - entry->header.a_text - entry->header.a_data; pc_relocation = dataseg ? entry->data_start_address - entry->header.a_text : entry->text_start_address; for (; r < end; r++) { int addr = RELOC_ADDRESS(r); long addend = md_get_addend(r, data+addr); long relocation; /* * Loop over the relocations again as we did in * consider_relocation(), claiming the reserved RRS * relocations. */ if (addr >= data_size) errx(1, "%s: relocation address out of range", get_file_name(entry)); if (RELOC_JMPTAB_P(r)) { int symindex = RELOC_SYMBOL(r); struct localsymbol *lsp = &entry->symbols[symindex]; symbol *sp; if (symindex >= entry->nsymbols) errx(1, "%s: relocation symbolnum out of range", get_file_name(entry)); sp = lsp->symbol; if (sp == NULL) errx(1, "%s: bogus relocation record", get_file_name(entry)); if (sp->alias) sp = sp->alias; if (relocatable_output) relocation = addend; else if (!RELOC_EXTERN_P(r)) { relocation = addend + data_relocation - text_relocation; } else relocation = addend + claim_rrs_jmpslot(entry, r, sp, addend); } else if (RELOC_BASEREL_P(r)) { int symindex = RELOC_SYMBOL(r); struct localsymbol *lsp = &entry->symbols[symindex]; if (symindex >= entry->nsymbols) errx(1, "%s: relocation symbolnum out of range", get_file_name(entry)); if (relocatable_output) relocation = addend; else if (!RELOC_EXTERN_P(r)) relocation = claim_rrs_internal_gotslot( entry, r, lsp, addend); else relocation = claim_rrs_gotslot( entry, r, lsp, addend); } else if (RELOC_EXTERN_P(r)) { int symindex = RELOC_SYMBOL(r); symbol *sp; if (symindex >= entry->nsymbols) errx(1, "%s: relocation symbolnum out of range", get_file_name(entry)); sp = entry->symbols[symindex].symbol; if (sp == NULL) errx(1, "%s: bogus relocation record", get_file_name(entry)); if (sp->alias) sp = sp->alias; if (relocatable_output) { relocation = addend; /* * In PIC code, we keep the reference to the * external symbol, even if defined now. */ if (!pic_code_seen) relocation += sp->value; } else if (sp->defined) { if (sp->flags & GS_TRACE) { fprintf(stderr, "symbol %s defined as %x in %s\n", sp->name, sp->defined, get_file_name(entry) ); } if (sp == got_symbol) { /* Handle _GOT_ refs */ relocation = addend + sp->value + md_got_reloc(r); } else if (building_shared_object) { /* * Normal (non-PIC) relocation needs * to be converted into an RRS reloc * when building a shared object. */ r->r_address += dataseg? entry->data_start_address: entry->text_start_address; relocation = addend; if (claim_rrs_reloc( entry, r, sp, &relocation)) continue; } else if (sp->defined == N_SIZE) { /* * If size is known, arrange a * run-time copy. */ if (!sp->size) errx(1, "Copy item isn't: %s", sp->name); relocation = addend + sp->value; r->r_address = sp->value; claim_rrs_cpy_reloc(entry, r, sp); } else /* Plain old relocation */ relocation = addend + sp->value; } else { /* * If the symbol is undefined, we relocate it * in a way similar to -r case. We use an * RRS relocation to resolve the symbol at * run-time. The r_address field is updated * to reflect the changed position in the * output file. */ if (sp->flags & GS_TRACE) { fprintf(stderr, "symbol %s claims RRS in %s%s\n", sp->name, get_file_name(entry), (sp->so_defined == (N_TEXT+N_EXT) && sp->flags & GS_HASJMPSLOT)? " (JMPSLOT)":""); } if (sp->so_defined == (N_TEXT+N_EXT) && sp->flags & GS_HASJMPSLOT) { /* * Claim a jmpslot if one was allocated. * * At this point, a jmpslot can only * result from a shared object reference * while `force_alias' is in effect. */ relocation = addend + claim_rrs_jmpslot( entry, r, sp, addend); } else { r->r_address += dataseg? entry->data_start_address: entry->text_start_address; relocation = addend; if ((building_shared_object || sp->so_defined) && claim_rrs_reloc(entry, r, sp, &relocation)) continue; } } } else { switch (RELOC_TYPE(r)) { case N_TEXT: case N_TEXT | N_EXT: relocation = addend + text_relocation; break; case N_DATA: case N_DATA | N_EXT: /* * A word that points to beginning of the * data section initially contains not 0 but * rather the "address" of that section in * the input file, which is the length of the * file's text. */ relocation = addend + data_relocation; break; case N_BSS: case N_BSS | N_EXT: /* * Similarly, an input word pointing to the * beginning of the bss initially contains * the length of text plus data of the file. */ relocation = addend + bss_relocation; break; case N_ABS: case N_ABS | N_EXT: /* * Don't know why this code would occur, but * apparently it does. */ break; default: errx(1, "%s: nonexternal relocation invalid", get_file_name(entry)); } /* * When building a shared object, these segment * relocations need a "load address relative" * RRS fixup. */ if (building_shared_object && !RELOC_PCREL_P(r)) { r->r_address += dataseg? entry->data_start_address: entry->text_start_address; claim_rrs_segment_reloc(entry, r); } } if (RELOC_PCREL_P(r)) relocation -= pc_relocation; md_relocate(r, relocation, data+addr, relocatable_output); } } /* * For relocatable_output only: write out the relocation, * relocating the addresses-to-be-relocated. */ void write_rel(void) { int count = 0; if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "Writing text relocation:\n\n"); /* * Assign each global symbol a sequence number, giving the order * in which `write_syms' will write it. * This is so we can store the proper symbolnum fields * in relocation entries we write. */ /* BLECH - Assign number 0 to __DYNAMIC (!! Sun compatibility) */ if (dynamic_symbol->flags & GS_REFERENCED) dynamic_symbol->symbolnum = count++; FOR_EACH_SYMBOL(i, sp) { if (sp == dynamic_symbol) continue; if (sp->warning) count += 2; if (!(sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) continue; sp->symbolnum = count++; if (sp->size) count++; if (sp->alias) count++; } END_EACH_SYMBOL; if (count != global_sym_count) errx(1, "internal error: write_rel: count = %d", count); each_full_file(assign_symbolnums, (void *)&count); /* Write out the relocations of all files, remembered from copy_text. */ each_full_file(coptxtrel, (void *)0); if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "\nWriting data relocation:\n\n"); each_full_file(copdatrel, (void *)0); if (trace_files) fprintf(stderr, "\n"); } /* * Assign symbol ordinal numbers to local symbols in each entry. */ static void assign_symbolnums(struct file_entry *entry, void *arg) { struct localsymbol *lsp, *lspend; int *countp = arg; int n = *countp; lspend = entry->symbols + entry->nsymbols; if (discard_locals != DISCARD_ALL) /* Count the N_FN symbol for this entry */ n++; for (lsp = entry->symbols; lsp < lspend; lsp++) { if (lsp->flags & LS_WRITE) lsp->symbolnum = n++; } *countp = n; } static void coptxtrel(struct file_entry *entry, void *dummy) { struct relocation_info *r, *end; int reloc = entry->text_start_address; r = entry->textrel; end = r + entry->ntextrel; for (; r < end; r++) { int symindex; struct localsymbol *lsp; symbol *sp; RELOC_ADDRESS(r) += reloc; symindex = RELOC_SYMBOL(r); lsp = &entry->symbols[symindex]; if (!RELOC_EXTERN_P(r)) { if (!pic_code_seen) continue; if (RELOC_BASEREL_P(r)) RELOC_SYMBOL(r) = lsp->symbolnum; continue; } if (symindex >= entry->nsymbols) errx(1, "%s: relocation symbolnum out of range", get_file_name(entry)); sp = lsp->symbol; #ifdef N_INDR /* Resolve indirection. */ if ((sp->defined & ~N_EXT) == N_INDR) { if (sp->alias == NULL) errx(1, "internal error: alias in hyperspace"); sp = sp->alias; } #endif /* * If the symbol is now defined, change the external * relocation to an internal one. */ if (sp->defined) { if (!pic_code_seen) { RELOC_EXTERN_P(r) = 0; RELOC_SYMBOL(r) = (sp->defined & N_TYPE); } else RELOC_SYMBOL(r) = sp->symbolnum; } else /* * Global symbols come first. */ RELOC_SYMBOL(r) = sp->symbolnum; } md_swapout_reloc(entry->textrel, entry->ntextrel); mywrite(entry->textrel, entry->ntextrel, sizeof(struct relocation_info), outstream); } static void copdatrel(struct file_entry *entry, void *dummy) { struct relocation_info *r, *end; /* * Relocate the address of the relocation. Old address is relative to * start of the input file's data section. New address is relative to * start of the output file's data section. */ int reloc = entry->data_start_address - text_size; r = entry->datarel; end = r + entry->ndatarel; for (; r < end; r++) { int symindex; symbol *sp; int symtype; RELOC_ADDRESS(r) += reloc; if (!RELOC_EXTERN_P(r)) { if (RELOC_BASEREL_P(r)) errx(1, "%s: Unsupported relocation type", get_file_name(entry)); continue; } symindex = RELOC_SYMBOL(r); sp = entry->symbols[symindex].symbol; if (symindex >= entry->header.a_syms) errx(1, "%s: relocation symbolnum out of range", get_file_name(entry)); #ifdef N_INDR /* Resolve indirection. */ if ((sp->defined & ~N_EXT) == N_INDR) { if (sp->alias == NULL) errx(1, "internal error: alias in hyperspace"); sp = sp->alias; } #endif symtype = sp->defined & N_TYPE; if (!pic_code_seen && ( symtype == N_BSS || symtype == N_DATA || symtype == N_TEXT || symtype == N_ABS)) { RELOC_EXTERN_P(r) = 0; RELOC_SYMBOL(r) = symtype; } else /* * Global symbols come first. */ RELOC_SYMBOL(r) = entry->symbols[symindex].symbol->symbolnum; } md_swapout_reloc(entry->datarel, entry->ndatarel); mywrite(entry->datarel, entry->ndatarel, sizeof(struct relocation_info), outstream); } void write_file_syms(struct file_entry *, void *); void write_string_table(void); /* Offsets and current lengths of symbol and string tables in output file. */ static int symtab_offset; static int symtab_len; /* Address in output file where string table starts. */ static int strtab_offset; /* Offset within string table where the strings in `strtab_vector' should be written. */ static int strtab_len; /* Total size of string table strings allocated so far, including strings in `strtab_vector'. */ static int strtab_size; /* Vector whose elements are strings to be added to the string table. */ static char **strtab_vector; /* Vector whose elements are the lengths of those strings. */ static int *strtab_lens; /* Index in `strtab_vector' at which the next string will be stored. */ static int strtab_index; /* * Add the string NAME to the output file string table. Record it in * `strtab_vector' to be output later. Return the index within the string * table that this string will have. */ static int assign_string_table_index(char *name) { int index = strtab_size; int len = strlen(name) + 1; strtab_size += len; strtab_vector[strtab_index] = name; strtab_lens[strtab_index++] = len; return index; } /* * Write the contents of `strtab_vector' into the string table. This is done * once for each file's local&debugger symbols and once for the global * symbols. */ void write_string_table(void) { int i; if (fseek(outstream, strtab_offset + strtab_len, SEEK_SET) != 0) err(1, "write_string_table: %s: fseek", output_filename); for (i = 0; i < strtab_index; i++) { mywrite(strtab_vector[i], strtab_lens[i], 1, outstream); strtab_len += strtab_lens[i]; } } /* Write the symbol table and string table of the output file. */ void write_syms(void) { /* Number of symbols written so far. */ int syms_written = 0; struct nlist nl; /* * Buffer big enough for all the global symbols. One extra struct * for each indirect symbol to hold the extra reference following. */ struct nlist *buf = (struct nlist *) alloca(global_sym_count * sizeof(struct nlist)); /* Pointer for storing into BUF. */ struct nlist *bufp = buf; /* Size of string table includes the bytes that store the size. */ strtab_size = sizeof strtab_size; symtab_offset = N_SYMOFF(outheader); symtab_len = 0; strtab_offset = N_STROFF(outheader); strtab_len = strtab_size; if (strip_symbols == STRIP_ALL) return; /* First, write out the global symbols. */ /* * Allocate two vectors that record the data to generate the string * table from the global symbols written so far. This must include * extra space for the references following indirect outputs. */ strtab_vector = (char **)alloca((global_sym_count) * sizeof(char *)); strtab_lens = (int *)alloca((global_sym_count) * sizeof(int)); strtab_index = 0; /* * __DYNAMIC symbol *must* be first for Sun compatibility, as Sun's * ld.so reads the shared object's first symbol. This means that * (Sun's) shared libraries cannot be stripped! (We only assume * that __DYNAMIC is the first item in the data segment) * * If defined (ie. not relocatable_output), make it look * like an internal symbol. */ if (dynamic_symbol->flags & GS_REFERENCED) { nl.n_other = 0; nl.n_desc = 0; nl.n_type = dynamic_symbol->defined; if (nl.n_type == N_UNDF) nl.n_type |= N_EXT; else nl.n_type &= ~N_EXT; nl.n_value = dynamic_symbol->value; nl.n_un.n_strx = assign_string_table_index(dynamic_symbol->name); *bufp++ = nl; syms_written++; } /* Scan the symbol hash table, bucket by bucket. */ FOR_EACH_SYMBOL(i, sp) { if (sp == dynamic_symbol) /* Already dealt with above */ continue; /* * Propagate N_WARNING symbols. */ if ((relocatable_output || building_shared_object) && sp->warning) { nl.n_type = N_WARNING; nl.n_un.n_strx = assign_string_table_index(sp->warning); nl.n_value = 0; nl.n_other = 0; nl.n_desc = 0; *bufp++ = nl; syms_written++; nl.n_type = N_UNDF + N_EXT; nl.n_un.n_strx = assign_string_table_index(sp->name); nl.n_value = 0; nl.n_other = 0; nl.n_desc = 0; *bufp++ = nl; syms_written++; } if (!(sp->flags & GS_REFERENCED)) /* Came from shared object but was not used */ continue; if (sp->so_defined || (sp->alias && sp->alias->so_defined)) /* * Definition came from shared object, * don't mention it here */ continue; if (!sp->defined && !relocatable_output) { /* * We're building a shared object and there * are still undefined symbols. Don't output * these, symbol was discounted in digest_pass1() * (they are in the RRS symbol table). */ if (building_shared_object) continue; if (!(sp->flags & GS_WEAK)) warnx("symbol %s remains undefined", sp->name); } if (syms_written >= global_sym_count) errx(1, "internal error: number of symbols exceeds alloc'd %d", global_sym_count); /* * Construct a `struct nlist' for the symbol. */ nl.n_other = 0; nl.n_desc = 0; if (sp->defined > 1) { /* * defined with known type */ if (!relocatable_output && !building_shared_object && sp->alias && sp->alias->defined > 1) { /* * If the target of an indirect symbol has * been defined and we are outputting an * executable, resolve the indirection; it's * no longer needed. */ nl.n_type = sp->alias->defined; nl.n_value = sp->alias->value; nl.n_other = N_OTHER(0, sp->alias->aux); } else { int bind = 0; if (sp->defined == N_SIZE) nl.n_type = N_DATA | N_EXT; else nl.n_type = sp->defined; if (nl.n_type == (N_INDR|N_EXT) && sp->value != 0) errx(1, "%s: N_INDR has value %#lx", sp->name, sp->value); nl.n_value = sp->value; if (sp->def_lsp) bind = N_BIND(&sp->def_lsp->nzlist.nlist); nl.n_other = N_OTHER(bind, sp->aux); } } else if (sp->common_size) { /* * defined as common but not allocated, * happens only with -r and not -d, write out * a common definition. * * common condition needs to be before undefined * condition because unallocated commons are set * undefined in digest_symbols. */ nl.n_type = N_UNDF | N_EXT; nl.n_value = sp->common_size; } else if (!sp->defined) { /* undefined -- legit only if -r */ nl.n_type = N_UNDF | N_EXT; nl.n_value = 0; } else errx(1, "internal error: %s defined in mysterious way", sp->name); /* * Allocate string table space for the symbol name. */ nl.n_un.n_strx = assign_string_table_index(sp->name); /* Output to the buffer and count it. */ *bufp++ = nl; syms_written++; /* * Write second symbol of an alias pair. */ if (nl.n_type == N_INDR + N_EXT) { if (sp->alias == NULL) errx(1, "internal error: alias in hyperspace"); nl.n_type = N_UNDF + N_EXT; nl.n_un.n_strx = assign_string_table_index(sp->alias->name); nl.n_value = 0; nl.n_other = 0; nl.n_desc = 0; *bufp++ = nl; syms_written++; } /* * Write N_SIZE symbol for a symbol with a known size. */ if (relocatable_output && sp->size) { nl.n_type = N_SIZE + N_EXT; nl.n_un.n_strx = assign_string_table_index(sp->name); nl.n_value = sp->size; nl.n_other = 0; nl.n_desc = 0; *bufp++ = nl; syms_written++; } #ifdef DEBUG printf("writesym(#%d): %s, type %x\n", syms_written, sp->name, sp->defined); #endif } END_EACH_SYMBOL; if (syms_written != strtab_index || strtab_index != global_sym_count) errx(1, "internal error: wrong number (%d) of global symbols " "written into output file, should be %d", syms_written, global_sym_count); /* Output the buffer full of `struct nlist's. */ if (fseek(outstream, symtab_offset + symtab_len, SEEK_SET) != 0) err(1, "write_syms: fseek"); md_swapout_symbols(buf, bufp - buf); mywrite(buf, bufp - buf, sizeof(struct nlist), outstream); symtab_len += sizeof(struct nlist) * (bufp - buf); /* Write the strings for the global symbols. */ write_string_table(); /* Write the local symbols defined by the various files. */ each_file(write_file_syms, (void *)&syms_written); file_close(); if (syms_written != nsyms) errx(1, "internal error: wrong number of symbols (%d) " "written into output file, should be %d", syms_written, nsyms); if (symtab_offset + symtab_len != strtab_offset) errx(1, "internal error: inconsistent symbol table length: %d vs %d", symtab_offset + symtab_len, strtab_offset); if (fseek(outstream, strtab_offset, SEEK_SET) != 0) err(1, "write_syms: fseek"); strtab_size = md_swap_long(strtab_size); mywrite(&strtab_size, 1, sizeof(int), outstream); } /* * Write the local and debugger symbols of file ENTRY. Increment * *SYMS_WRITTEN_ADDR for each symbol that is written. */ /* * Note that we do not combine identical names of local symbols. dbx or gdb * would be confused if we did that. */ void write_file_syms(struct file_entry *entry, void *arg) { int *syms_written_addr = arg; struct localsymbol *lsp, *lspend; /* Upper bound on number of syms to be written here. */ int max_syms = entry->nsymbols + 1; /* * Buffer to accumulate all the syms before writing them. It has one * extra slot for the local symbol we generate here. */ struct nlist *buf = (struct nlist *) alloca(max_syms * sizeof(struct nlist)); struct nlist *bufp = buf; if (entry->flags & E_DYNAMIC) return; /* * Make tables that record, for each symbol, its name and its name's * length. The elements are filled in by `assign_string_table_index'. */ strtab_vector = (char **)alloca(max_syms * sizeof(char *)); strtab_lens = (int *)alloca(max_syms * sizeof(int)); strtab_index = 0; /* Generate a local symbol for the start of this file's text. */ if (discard_locals != DISCARD_ALL) { struct nlist nl; nl.n_type = N_FN | N_EXT; nl.n_un.n_strx = assign_string_table_index(entry->local_sym_name); nl.n_value = entry->text_start_address; nl.n_desc = 0; nl.n_other = 0; *bufp++ = nl; (*syms_written_addr)++; } /* Read the file's string table. */ entry->strings = (char *)alloca(entry->string_size); read_entry_strings(file_open(entry), entry); lspend = entry->symbols + entry->nsymbols; for (lsp = entry->symbols; lsp < lspend; lsp++) { struct nlist *p = &lsp->nzlist.nlist; char *name; if (!(lsp->flags & LS_WRITE)) continue; if (p->n_un.n_strx == 0) name = NULL; else if (!(lsp->flags & LS_RENAME)) name = p->n_un.n_strx + entry->strings; else { char *cp = p->n_un.n_strx + entry->strings; size_t len = strlen(entry->local_sym_name) + 1 + strlen(cp) + 1; name = (char *)alloca(len); (void)snprintf(name, len, "%s.%s", entry->local_sym_name, cp); } /* * If this symbol has a name, allocate space for it * in the output string table. */ if (name) p->n_un.n_strx = assign_string_table_index(name); /* Output this symbol to the buffer and count it. */ *bufp++ = *p; (*syms_written_addr)++; } /* All the symbols are now in BUF; write them. */ if (fseek(outstream, symtab_offset + symtab_len, SEEK_SET) != 0) err(1, "write local symbols: fseek"); md_swapout_symbols(buf, bufp - buf); mywrite(buf, bufp - buf, sizeof(struct nlist), outstream); symtab_len += sizeof(struct nlist) * (bufp - buf); /* * Write the string-table data for the symbols just written, using * the data in vectors `strtab_vector' and `strtab_lens'. */ write_string_table(); entry->strings = 0; /* Since it will disappear anyway. */ } /* * Parse the string ARG using scanf format FORMAT, and return the result. * If it does not parse, report fatal error * generating the error message using format string ERROR and ARG as arg. */ static int parse(char *arg, char *format, char *error) { int x; if (1 != sscanf(arg, format, &x)) errx(1, error, arg); return x; } /* * Output COUNT*ELTSIZE bytes of data at BUF to the descriptor FD. */ void mywrite(void *buf, int count, int eltsize, FILE *fd) { if (fwrite(buf, eltsize, count, fd) != count) err(1, "write"); } static void cleanup(void) { struct stat statbuf; rrs_summarize_warnings(); if (outstream == 0) return; if (fstat(fileno(outstream), &statbuf) == 0) { if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) (void)unlink(output_filename); } } /* * Output PADDING zero-bytes to descriptor FD. * PADDING may be negative; in that case, do nothing. */ void padfile(int padding, FILE *fd) { char *buf; if (padding <= 0) return; buf = (char *)alloca(padding); bzero(buf, padding); mywrite(buf, padding, 1, fd); }