.\" $OpenBSD: X509_new.3,v 1.37 2023/04/30 14:49:47 tb Exp $ .\" full merge up to: OpenSSL 99d63d46 Oct 26 13:56:48 2016 -0400 .\" .\" This file is a derived work. .\" The changes are covered by the following Copyright and license: .\" .\" Copyright (c) 2016, 2018, 2019, 2021 Ingo Schwarze .\" .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. .\" .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. 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IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR .\" ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, .\" SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; .\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, .\" STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED .\" OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .Dd $Mdocdate: April 30 2023 $ .Dt X509_NEW 3 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm X509_new , .Nm X509_dup , .Nm X509_REQ_to_X509 , .Nm X509_free , .Nm X509_up_ref , .Nm X509_chain_up_ref .Nd X.509 certificate object .Sh SYNOPSIS .In openssl/x509.h .Ft X509 * .Fn X509_new void .Ft X509 * .Fo X509_dup .Fa "X509 *a" .Fc .Ft X509 * .Fo X509_REQ_to_X509 .Fa "X509_REQ *req" .Fa "int days" .Fa "EVP_PKEY *pkey" .Fc .Ft void .Fo X509_free .Fa "X509 *a" .Fc .Ft int .Fo X509_up_ref .Fa "X509 *a" .Fc .Ft STACK_OF(X509) * .Fo X509_chain_up_ref .Fa "STACK_OF(X509) *chain" .Fc .Sh DESCRIPTION .Fn X509_new allocates and initializes an empty .Vt X509 object with reference count 1. It represents an ASN.1 .Vt Certificate structure defined in RFC 5280 section 4.1. It can hold a public key together with information about the person, organization, device, or function the associated private key belongs to. .Pp .Fn X509_dup creates a deep copy of .Fa a using .Xr ASN1_item_dup 3 , setting the reference count of the copy to 1. .Pp .Fn X509_REQ_to_X509 allocates a new certificate object, copies the public key from .Fa req into it, copies the subject name of .Fa req to both the subject and issuer names of the new certificate, sets the .Fa notBefore field to the current time and the .Fa notAfter field to the given number of .Fa days in the future, and signs the new certificate with .Xr X509_sign 3 using .Fa pkey and the MD5 algorithm. If .Fa req contains at least one attribute, the version of the new certificate is set to 2. .Pp .Fn X509_free decrements the reference count of the .Vt X509 structure .Fa a and frees it up if the reference count reaches 0. If .Fa a is a .Dv NULL pointer, no action occurs. .Pp .Fn X509_up_ref increments the reference count of .Fa a by 1. This function is useful if a certificate structure is being used by several different operations each of which will free it up after use: this avoids the need to duplicate the entire certificate structure. .Pp .Fn X509_chain_up_ref performs a shallow copy of the given .Fa chain using .Fn sk_X509_dup and increments the reference count of each contained certificate by 1. Its purpose is similar to .Fn X509_up_ref : The returned chain persists after the original is freed. .Sh RETURN VALUES .Fn X509_new , .Fn X509_dup , and .Fn X509_REQ_to_X509 return a pointer to the newly allocated object or .Dv NULL if an error occurs; an error code can be obtained by .Xr ERR_get_error 3 . .Pp .Fn X509_up_ref returns 1 for success or 0 for failure. .Pp .Fn X509_chain_up_ref returns the copy of the .Fa chain or .Dv NULL if an error occurs. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr AUTHORITY_KEYID_new 3 , .Xr BASIC_CONSTRAINTS_new 3 , .Xr crypto 3 , .Xr d2i_X509 3 , .Xr PKCS8_PRIV_KEY_INFO_new 3 , .Xr X509_ALGOR_new 3 , .Xr X509_ATTRIBUTE_new 3 , .Xr X509_check_ca 3 , .Xr X509_check_host 3 , .Xr X509_check_issued 3 , .Xr X509_check_private_key 3 , .Xr X509_check_purpose 3 , .Xr X509_check_trust 3 , .Xr X509_CINF_new 3 , .Xr X509_cmp 3 , .Xr X509_CRL_new 3 , .Xr X509_digest 3 , .Xr X509_EXTENSION_new 3 , .Xr X509_find_by_subject 3 , .Xr X509_get0_notBefore 3 , .Xr X509_get0_signature 3 , .Xr X509_get1_email 3 , .Xr X509_get_ex_new_index 3 , .Xr X509_get_extension_flags 3 , .Xr X509_get_pubkey 3 , .Xr X509_get_pubkey_parameters 3 , .Xr X509_get_serialNumber 3 , .Xr X509_get_subject_name 3 , .Xr X509_get_version 3 , .Xr X509_INFO_new 3 , .Xr X509_load_cert_file 3 , .Xr X509_LOOKUP_hash_dir 3 , .Xr X509_LOOKUP_new 3 , .Xr X509_NAME_new 3 , .Xr X509_OBJECT_new 3 , .Xr X509_PKEY_new 3 , .Xr X509_print_ex 3 , .Xr X509_PUBKEY_new 3 , .Xr X509_PURPOSE_set 3 , .Xr X509_REQ_new 3 , .Xr X509_SIG_new 3 , .Xr X509_sign 3 , .Xr X509_STORE_CTX_new 3 , .Xr X509_STORE_get_by_subject 3 , .Xr X509_STORE_new 3 , .Xr X509_TRUST_set 3 .Sh STANDARDS RFC 5280: Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile .Sh HISTORY .Fn X509_new and .Fn X509_free appeared in SSLeay 0.4 or earlier, .Fn X509_dup in SSLeay 0.4.4, and .Fn X509_REQ_to_X509 in SSLeay 0.6.0 . These functions have been available since .Ox 2.4 . .Pp .Fn X509_up_ref first appeared in OpenSSL 1.1.0 and has been available since .Ox 6.1 . .Pp .Fn X509_chain_up_ref first appeared in OpenSSL 1.0.2 and has been available since .Ox 6.3 . .Sh BUGS The X.509 public key infrastructure and its data types contain too many design bugs to list them. For lots of examples, see the classic .Lk https://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~pgut001/pubs/x509guide.txt\ "X.509 Style Guide" that .An Peter Gutmann published in 2000.