.\" $OpenBSD: pw_init.3,v 1.11 2007/11/19 22:07:37 jmc Exp $ .\" .\" Copyright (c) 1995 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" This code is derived from software developed by the Computer Systems .\" Engineering group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory under DARPA contract .\" BG 91-66 and contributed to Berkeley. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .Dd $Mdocdate: November 19 2007 $ .Dt PW_INIT 3 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm pw_init , .Nm pw_setdir , .Nm pw_file , .Nm pw_edit , .Nm pw_prompt , .Nm pw_copy , .Nm pw_scan , .Nm pw_error .Nd utility functions for interactive passwd file updates .Sh SYNOPSIS .Fd #include <pwd.h> .Fd #include <util.h> .Ft void .Fn pw_init .Ft void .Fn pw_setdir "const char *directory" .Ft char * .Fn pw_file "const char *filename" .Ft void .Fn pw_edit "int notsetuid" "const char *filename" .Ft void .Fn pw_prompt .Ft void .Fn pw_copy "int ffd" "int tfd" "const struct passwd *pw" "const struct passwd *opw" .Ft int .Fn pw_scan "char *bp" "struct passwd *pw" "int *flags" .Ft void .Fn pw_error "const char *name" "int err" "int eval" .Sh DESCRIPTION These functions are designed as conveniences for interactive programs which update the passwd file and do nothing else. They generally handle errors by printing out a message to the standard error stream and possibly aborting the process. .Pp The .Fn pw_init function prepares for a passwd update by unlimiting all resource constraints, disabling core dumps (thus preventing dumping the contents of the passwd database into a world-readable file), and disabling most signals. .Pp The .Fn pw_setdir function sets an alternative directory where the rest of the functions look for password-related files. Use this if you are writing utilities that should be able to handle password files outside of .Pa /etc . .Pp The .Fn pw_file function transforms filenames so that they end up in the directory specified to the latest .Fn pw_setdir call. The rule is that all directories are stripped of the given name and only the filename is appended to the directory. .Pp The .Fn pw_edit function runs an editor (named by the environment variable EDITOR, or .Pa /usr/bin/vi if EDITOR is not set) on the file .Fa filename (or .Pa /etc/ptmp if .Fa filename is NULL). If .Fa notsetuid is nonzero, .Fn pw_edit will set the effective user and group ID to the real user and group ID before running the editor. .Pp The .Fn pw_prompt function asks the user whether he or she wants to re-edit the password file; if the answer is no, .Fn pw_prompt deletes the lock file and exits the process. .Pp The .Fn pw_copy function reads a passwd file from .Fa ffd and writes it to .Fa tfd , updating the entry corresponding to pw-\*(Gtpw_name with the information in .Fa pw . If .Fa opw is not NULL, opw-\*(Gtpw_name will be used for matching instead. Additionally, if the existing entry does not match .Fa opw , the operation is aborted. The use of .Fa opw allows the caller to change the user name in an entry as well as guarantee that the entry being replaced has not changed in the meantime. .Pp The .Fn pw_scan function accepts in .Fa bp a passwd entry as it would be represented in .Pa /etc/master.passwd and fills in .Fa pw with corresponding values; string fields in .Fa pw will be pointers into .Fa bp . Some characters in .Fa bp will be overwritten with 0s in order to terminate the strings pointed to by .Fa pw . If .Fa flags is non-null, it is filled in with the following flags: .Bl -tag -width _PASSWORD_NOGIDxxx .It Dv _PASSWORD_NOUID The uid field of .Fa bp is empty. .It Dv _PASSWORD_NOGID The gid field of .Fa bp is empty. .It Dv _PASSWD_NOCHG The change field of .Fa bp is empty. .It Dv _PASSWD_NOEXP The expire field of .Fa bp is empty. .El .Pp The .Fn pw_error function displays an error message, aborts the current passwd update, and exits the current process. If .Fa err is non-zero, a warning message beginning with .Fa name is printed for the current value of .Va errno . The process exits with status .Fa eval . .Sh RETURN VALUES The .Fn pw_scan function prints a warning message and returns 0 if the string in the .Fa bp argument is not a valid passwd string. Otherwise, .Fn pw_scan returns 1. .Sh FILES .Bl -tag -width "/etc/master.passwdXXX" -compact .It Pa /etc/master.passwd Current password file. .It Pa /etc/passwd A Version 7 format password file. .It Pa /etc/ptmp Password lock file. .It Pa /etc/pwd.db Insecure password database file. .It Pa /etc/spwd.db Secure password database file. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr pw_lock 3 , .Xr passwd 5