/* $OpenBSD: newfs.c,v 1.65 2007/05/29 06:28:16 otto Exp $ */ /* $NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.20 1996/05/16 07:13:03 thorpej Exp $ */ /* * Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc. * All rights reserved. * * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall * Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security * Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR * contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS * research program. * * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "mntopts.h" #include "pathnames.h" struct mntopt mopts[] = { MOPT_STDOPTS, MOPT_ASYNC, MOPT_UPDATE, { NULL }, }; void fatal(const char *fmt, ...); __dead void usage(void); void mkfs(struct partition *, char *, int, int, mode_t, uid_t, gid_t); void rewritelabel(char *, int, struct disklabel *); u_short dkcksum(struct disklabel *); /* * The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes. * Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints: * MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE * sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE * DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8 */ #define DFL_FRAGSIZE 2048 #define DFL_BLKSIZE 16384 /* * MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are * placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect * block worth of data blocks. */ #define MAXBLKPG_FFS1(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t)) #define MAXBLKPG_FFS2(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t)) /* * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated. * We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this * to be far more than we will ever need. */ #define NFPI 4 int mfs; /* run as the memory based filesystem */ int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */ int Oflag = 1; /* 0 = 4.3BSD ffs, 1 = 4.4BSD ffs, 2 = ffs2 */ int fssize; /* file system size */ int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ int realsectorsize; /* bytes/sector in hardware */ int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */ int bsize = 0; /* block size */ int maxfrgspercg = INT_MAX; /* maximum fragments per cylinder group */ int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */ int opt = DEFAULTOPT; /* optimization preference (space or time) */ int reqopt = -1; /* opt preference has not been specified */ int density; /* number of bytes per inode */ int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */ int avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;/* expected average file size */ int avgfilesperdir = AFPDIR;/* expected number of files per directory */ int mntflags = MNT_ASYNC; /* flags to be passed to mount */ int quiet = 0; /* quiet flag */ u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */ caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */ char *disktype; int unlabeled; char device[MAXPATHLEN]; extern char *__progname; struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *, int); #ifdef MFS static int do_exec(const char *, const char *, char *const[]); static int isdir(const char *); static void copy(char *, char *, struct mfs_args *); static int gettmpmnt(char *, size_t); #endif int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int ch; struct partition *pp; struct disklabel *lp; struct disklabel mfsfakelabel; struct partition oldpartition; struct stat st; struct statfs *mp; struct rlimit rl; int fsi = -1, fso, len, n, maxpartitions; char *cp = NULL, *s1, *s2, *special, *opstring; #ifdef MFS char mountfromname[BUFSIZ]; char *pop = NULL; pid_t pid, res; struct statfs sf; struct stat mountpoint; int status; #endif uid_t mfsuid = 0; gid_t mfsgid = 0; mode_t mfsmode = 0; char *fstype = NULL; char **saveargv = argv; int ffsflag = 1; const char *errstr; if (strstr(__progname, "mfs")) mfs = Nflag = quiet = 1; maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); if (maxpartitions > 26) fatal("insane maxpartitions value %d", maxpartitions); opstring = mfs ? "P:T:b:c:e:f:i:m:o:s:" : "NO:S:T:b:c:e:f:g:h:i:m:o:qs:t:"; while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) { switch (ch) { case 'N': Nflag = 1; break; case 'O': Oflag = strtonum(optarg, 0, 2, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("%s: invalid ffs version", optarg); break; case 'S': sectorsize = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("sector size is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'T': disktype = optarg; break; case 'b': bsize = strtonum(optarg, MINBSIZE, MAXBSIZE, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("block size is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'c': maxfrgspercg = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("fragments per cylinder group is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'e': maxbpg = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("blocks per file in a cylinder group is" " %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'f': fsize = strtonum(optarg, MINBSIZE / MAXFRAG, MAXBSIZE, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("fragment size is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'g': avgfilesize = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("average file size is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'h': avgfilesperdir = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("average files per dir is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'i': density = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("bytes per inode is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'm': minfree = strtonum(optarg, 0, 99, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("free space %% is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'o': if (mfs) getmntopts(optarg, mopts, &mntflags); else { if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0) reqopt = opt = FS_OPTSPACE; else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0) reqopt = opt = FS_OPTTIME; else fatal("%s: unknown optimization " "preference: use `space' or `time'."); } break; case 'q': quiet = 1; break; case 's': fssize = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("file system size is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 't': fstype = optarg; if (strcmp(fstype, "ffs")) ffsflag = 0; break; #ifdef MFS case 'P': pop = optarg; break; #endif case '?': default: usage(); } if (!ffsflag) break; } argc -= optind; argv += optind; if (ffsflag && argc - mfs != 1) usage(); /* Increase our data size to the max */ if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rl) == 0) { rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max; (void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rl); } special = argv[0]; if (!mfs) { char execname[MAXPATHLEN], name[MAXPATHLEN]; if (fstype == NULL) fstype = readlabelfs(special, 0); if (fstype != NULL && strcmp(fstype, "ffs")) { snprintf(name, sizeof name, "newfs_%s", fstype); saveargv[0] = name; snprintf(execname, sizeof execname, "%s/newfs_%s", _PATH_SBIN, fstype); (void)execv(execname, saveargv); snprintf(execname, sizeof execname, "%s/newfs_%s", _PATH_USRSBIN, fstype); (void)execv(execname, saveargv); err(1, "%s not found", name); } } if (mfs && !strcmp(special, "swap")) { /* * it's an MFS, mounted on "swap." fake up a label. * XXX XXX XXX */ fso = -1; /* XXX; normally done below. */ memset(&mfsfakelabel, 0, sizeof(mfsfakelabel)); mfsfakelabel.d_secsize = 512; mfsfakelabel.d_nsectors = 64; mfsfakelabel.d_ntracks = 16; mfsfakelabel.d_ncylinders = 16; mfsfakelabel.d_secpercyl = 1024; mfsfakelabel.d_secperunit = 16384; mfsfakelabel.d_rpm = 3600; mfsfakelabel.d_interleave = 1; mfsfakelabel.d_npartitions = 1; mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_size = 16384; mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_fragblock = DISKLABELV1_FFS_FRAGBLOCK(1024, 8); mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0].p_cpg = 16; lp = &mfsfakelabel; pp = &mfsfakelabel.d_partitions[0]; goto havelabel; } cp = strrchr(special, '/'); if (cp == NULL) { /* * No path prefix; try /dev/r%s then /dev/%s. */ (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, special); if (stat(device, &st) == -1) (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special); special = device; } if (Nflag) { fso = -1; } else { fso = open(special, O_WRONLY); if (fso < 0) fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); /* Bail if target special is mounted */ n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT); if (n == 0) fatal("%s: getmntinfo: %s", special, strerror(errno)); len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1; s1 = special; if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0) s1 += len; while (--n >= 0) { s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) { s2 += len - 1; *s2 = 'r'; } if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0) fatal("%s is mounted on %s", special, mp->f_mntonname); ++mp; } } if (mfs && disktype != NULL) { lp = (struct disklabel *)getdiskbyname(disktype); if (lp == NULL) fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype); pp = &lp->d_partitions[1]; } else { fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY); if (fsi < 0) fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && !mfs) warnx(": %s: not a character-special device\n", special); cp = strchr(argv[0], '\0') - 1; if (cp == NULL || ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > ('a' + maxpartitions - 1)) && !isdigit(*cp))) fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition", argv[0]); lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi); if (isdigit(*cp)) pp = &lp->d_partitions[0]; else pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a']; if (pp->p_size == 0) fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable", argv[0], *cp); if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BOOT) fatal("%s: `%c' partition overlaps boot program", argv[0], *cp); } havelabel: if (fssize == 0) fssize = pp->p_size; if (fssize > pp->p_size && !mfs) fatal("%s: maximum file system size on the `%c' partition is %d", argv[0], *cp, pp->p_size); if (sectorsize == 0) { sectorsize = lp->d_secsize; if (sectorsize <= 0) fatal("%s: no default sector size", argv[0]); } if (fsize == 0) { fsize = DISKLABELV1_FFS_FSIZE(pp->p_fragblock); if (fsize <= 0) fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, lp->d_secsize); } if (bsize == 0) { bsize = DISKLABELV1_FFS_BSIZE(pp->p_fragblock); if (bsize <= 0) bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize); } if (density == 0) density = NFPI * fsize; if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE && reqopt == -1) { warnx("warning: changing optimization to space " "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE); opt = FS_OPTSPACE; } if (maxbpg == 0) { if (Oflag <= 1) maxbpg = MAXBLKPG_FFS1(bsize); else maxbpg = MAXBLKPG_FFS2(bsize); } oldpartition = *pp; realsectorsize = sectorsize; if (sectorsize < DEV_BSIZE) { int secperblk = DEV_BSIZE / sectorsize; sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE; fssize /= secperblk; pp->p_size /= secperblk; } else if (sectorsize > DEV_BSIZE) { int blkpersec = sectorsize / DEV_BSIZE; sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE; fssize *= blkpersec; pp->p_size *= blkpersec; } #ifdef MFS if (mfs) { if (stat(argv[1], &mountpoint) < 0) err(88, "stat %s", argv[1]); mfsuid = mountpoint.st_uid; mfsgid = mountpoint.st_gid; mfsmode = mountpoint.st_mode & ALLPERMS; } #endif mkfs(pp, special, fsi, fso, mfsmode, mfsuid, mfsgid); if (realsectorsize < DEV_BSIZE) pp->p_size *= DEV_BSIZE / realsectorsize; else if (realsectorsize > DEV_BSIZE) pp->p_size /= realsectorsize / DEV_BSIZE; if (!Nflag && memcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition))) rewritelabel(special, fso, lp); if (!Nflag) close(fso); close(fsi); #ifdef MFS if (mfs) { struct mfs_args args; memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args)); args.base = membase; args.size = fssize * sectorsize; args.export_info.ex_root = -2; if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY) args.export_info.ex_flags = MNT_EXRDONLY; switch (pid = fork()) { case -1: err(10, "mfs"); case 0: snprintf(mountfromname, sizeof(mountfromname), "mfs:%d", getpid()); break; default: snprintf(mountfromname, sizeof(mountfromname), "mfs:%d", pid); for (;;) { /* * spin until the mount succeeds * or the child exits */ usleep(1); /* * XXX Here is a race condition: another process * can mount a filesystem which hides our * ramdisk before we see the success. */ if (statfs(argv[1], &sf) < 0) err(88, "statfs %s", argv[1]); if (!strcmp(sf.f_mntfromname, mountfromname) && !strncmp(sf.f_mntonname, argv[1], MNAMELEN) && !strcmp(sf.f_fstypename, "mfs")) { if (pop != NULL) copy(pop, argv[1], &args); exit(0); } res = waitpid(pid, &status, WNOHANG); if (res == -1) err(11, "waitpid"); if (res != pid) continue; if (WIFEXITED(status)) { if (WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0) exit(0); errx(1, "%s: mount: %s", argv[1], strerror(WEXITSTATUS(status))); } else errx(11, "abnormal termination"); } /* NOTREACHED */ } (void) setsid(); (void) close(0); (void) close(1); (void) close(2); (void) chdir("/"); args.fspec = mountfromname; if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY && pop != NULL) mntflags &= ~MNT_RDONLY; if (mount(MOUNT_MFS, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0) exit(errno); /* parent prints message */ } #endif exit(0); } char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified"; struct disklabel * getdisklabel(char *s, int fd) { static struct disklabel lab; if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) { if (disktype != NULL) { struct disklabel *lp; unlabeled++; lp = getdiskbyname(disktype); if (lp == NULL) fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype); return (lp); } warn("ioctl (GDINFO)"); fatal(lmsg, s); } return (&lab); } void rewritelabel(char *s, int fd, struct disklabel *lp) { if (unlabeled) return; lp->d_checksum = 0; lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp); if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) { warn("ioctl (WDINFO)"); fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s); } #ifdef __vax__ if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) { int i; int cfd; daddr_t alt; char specname[64]; char blk[1024]; char *cp; /* * Make name for 'c' partition. */ strncpy(specname, s, sizeof(specname) - 1); specname[sizeof(specname) - 1] = '\0'; cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1; if (!isdigit(*cp)) *cp = 'c'; cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY); if (cfd < 0) fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno)); memset(blk, 0, sizeof(blk)); *(struct disklabel *)(blk + LABELOFFSET) = *lp; alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors; for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) { off_t offset; offset = alt + i; offset *= lp->d_secsize; if (lseek(cfd, offset, SEEK_SET) == -1) fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s", strerror(errno)); if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize) warn("alternate label %d write", i/2); } close(cfd); } #endif /*__vax__*/ } /*VARARGS*/ void fatal(const char *fmt, ...) { va_list ap; va_start(ap, fmt); if (fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_GETFL) < 0) { openlog(__progname, LOG_CONS, LOG_DAEMON); vsyslog(LOG_ERR, fmt, ap); closelog(); } else { vwarnx(fmt, ap); } va_end(ap); exit(1); /*NOTREACHED*/ } __dead void usage(void) { extern char *__progname; if (mfs) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-b block-size] [-c fragements-per-cylinder-group] " "[-e maxbpg]\n" "\t[-f frag-size] [-i bytes] [-m free space] [-o options] " "[-P file]\n" "\t[-s size] special node\n", __progname); } else { fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-Nq] [-b block-size] " "[-c fragments-per-cylinder-group] [-e maxbpg]\n" "\t[-f frag-size] [-g avgfilesize] [-h avgfpdir] [-i bytes]\n" "\t[-m free-space] [-O filesystem-format] [-o optimization]\n" "\t[-S sector-size] [-s size] [-t fstype] special\n", __progname); } exit(1); } #ifdef MFS static int do_exec(const char *dir, const char *cmd, char *const argv[]) { pid_t pid; int ret, status; sig_t intsave, quitsave; switch (pid = fork()) { case -1: err(1, "fork"); case 0: if (dir != NULL && chdir(dir) != 0) err(1, "chdir"); if (execv(cmd, argv) != 0) err(1, "%s", cmd); break; default: intsave = signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); quitsave = signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN); for (;;) { ret = waitpid(pid, &status, 0); if (ret == -1) err(11, "waitpid"); if (WIFEXITED(status)) { status = WEXITSTATUS(status); if (status != 0) warnx("%s: exited", cmd); break; } else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) { warnx("%s: %s", cmd, strsignal(WTERMSIG(status))); status = 1; break; } } signal(SIGINT, intsave); signal(SIGQUIT, quitsave); return (status); } /* NOTREACHED */ return (-1); } static int isdir(const char *path) { struct stat st; if (stat(path, &st) != 0) err(1, "cannot stat %s", path); if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) errx(1, "%s: not a dir or a block device", path); return (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)); } static void copy(char *src, char *dst, struct mfs_args *args) { int ret, dir, created = 0; struct ufs_args mount_args; char mountpoint[MNAMELEN]; char *const argv[] = { "pax", "-rw", "-pe", ".", dst, NULL } ; dir = isdir(src); if (dir) strlcpy(mountpoint, src, sizeof(mountpoint)); else { created = gettmpmnt(mountpoint, sizeof(mountpoint)); memset(&mount_args, 0, sizeof(mount_args)); mount_args.fspec = src; ret = mount(MOUNT_FFS, mountpoint, MNT_RDONLY, &mount_args); if (ret != 0) { if (created && rmdir(mountpoint) != 0) warn("rmdir %s", mountpoint); if (unmount(dst, 0) != 0) warn("unmount %s", dst); err(1, "mount %s %s", src, mountpoint); } } ret = do_exec(mountpoint, "/bin/pax", argv); if (!dir && unmount(mountpoint, 0) != 0) warn("unmount %s", mountpoint); if (created && rmdir(mountpoint) != 0) warn("rmdir %s", mountpoint); if (ret != 0) { if (unmount(dst, 0) != 0) warn("unmount %s", dst); errx(1, "copy %s to %s failed", mountpoint, dst); } if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY) { mntflags |= MNT_UPDATE; if (mount(MOUNT_MFS, dst, mntflags, args) < 0) { warn("%s: mount (update, rdonly)", dst); if (unmount(dst, 0) != 0) warn("unmount %s", dst); exit(1); } } } static int gettmpmnt(char *mountpoint, size_t len) { const char *tmp; const char *mnt = _PATH_MNT; struct statfs fs; size_t n; tmp = getenv("TMPDIR"); if (tmp == NULL || *tmp == '\0') tmp = _PATH_TMP; if (statfs(tmp, &fs) != 0) err(1, "statfs %s", tmp); if (fs.f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) { if (statfs(mnt, &fs) != 0) err(1, "statfs %s", mnt); if (strcmp(fs.f_mntonname, "/") != 0) errx(1, "tmp mountpoint %s busy", mnt); if (strlcpy(mountpoint, mnt, len) >= len) errx(1, "tmp mountpoint %s too long", mnt); return (0); } n = strlcpy(mountpoint, tmp, len); if (n >= len) errx(1, "tmp mount point too long"); if (mountpoint[n - 1] != '/') strlcat(mountpoint, "/", len); n = strlcat(mountpoint, "mntXXXXXXXXXX", len); if (n >= len) errx(1, "tmp mount point too long"); if (mkdtemp(mountpoint) == NULL) err(1, "mkdtemp %s", mountpoint); return (1); } #endif /* MFS */