/* $OpenBSD: libscsi.c,v 1.6 2008/01/13 20:23:34 chl Exp $ */ /* Copyright (c) 1994 HD Associates * (contact: dufault@hda.com) * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by HD Associates * 4. Neither the name of the HD Associaates nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY HD ASSOCIATES``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL HD ASSOCIATES OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * $FreeBSD: scsi.c,v 1.6 1995/05/30 05:47:26 rgrimes Exp $ */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "libscsi.h" static struct { FILE *db_f; int db_level; int db_trunc; } behave; /* scsireq_reset: Reset a scsireq structure. */ scsireq_t * scsireq_reset(scsireq_t *scsireq) { if (scsireq == 0) return scsireq; scsireq->flags = 0; /* info about the request status and type */ scsireq->timeout = 2000; /* 2 seconds */ bzero(scsireq->cmd, sizeof(scsireq->cmd)); scsireq->cmdlen = 0; /* Leave scsireq->databuf alone */ /* Leave scsireq->datalen alone */ scsireq->datalen_used = 0; bzero(scsireq->sense, sizeof(scsireq->sense)); scsireq->senselen = sizeof(scsireq->sense); scsireq->senselen_used = 0; scsireq->status = 0; scsireq->retsts = 0; scsireq->error = 0; return scsireq; } /* scsireq_new: Allocate and initialize a new scsireq. */ scsireq_t * scsireq_new(void) { scsireq_t *p = (scsireq_t *)malloc(sizeof(scsireq_t)); if (p) scsireq_reset(p); return p; } /* * Decode: Decode the data section of a scsireq. This decodes * trivial grammar: * * fields : field fields * ; * * field : field_specifier * | control * ; * * control : 's' seek_value * | 's' '+' seek_value * ; * * seek_value : DECIMAL_NUMBER * | 'v' // For indirect seek, i.e., value from the arg list * ; * * field_specifier : type_specifier field_width * | '{' NAME '}' type_specifier field_width * ; * * field_width : DECIMAL_NUMBER * ; * * type_specifier : 'i' // Integral types (i1, i2, i3, i4) * | 'b' // Bits * | 't' // Bits * | 'c' // Character arrays * | 'z' // Character arrays with zeroed trailing spaces * ; * * Notes: * 1. Integral types are swapped into host order. * 2. Bit fields are allocated MSB to LSB to match the SCSI spec documentation. * 3. 's' permits "seeking" in the string. "s+DECIMAL" seeks relative to * DECIMAL; "sDECIMAL" seeks absolute to decimal. * 4. 's' permits an indirect reference. "sv" or "s+v" will get the * next integer value from the arg array. * 5. Field names can be anything between the braces * * BUGS: * i and b types are promoted to ints. * */ static int do_buff_decode(u_char *databuf, size_t len, void (*arg_put)(void *, int , void *, int, char *), void *puthook, char *fmt, va_list ap) { int assigned = 0; int width; int suppress; int plus; int done = 0; static u_char mask[] = {0, 0x01, 0x03, 0x07, 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x3f, 0x7f, 0xff}; int value; u_char *base = databuf; char letter; char field_name[80]; # define ARG_PUT(ARG) \ do \ { \ if (!suppress) { \ if (arg_put) \ (*arg_put)(puthook, (letter == 't' ? 'b' : letter), \ (void *)((long)(ARG)), 1, field_name); \ else \ *(va_arg(ap, int *)) = (ARG); \ assigned++; \ } \ field_name[0] = 0; \ suppress = 0; \ } while (0) u_char bits = 0; /* For bit fields */ int shift = 0; /* Bits already shifted out */ suppress = 0; field_name[0] = 0; while (!done) { switch (letter = *fmt) { case ' ': /* White space */ case '\t': case '\r': case '\n': case '\f': fmt++; break; case '#': /* Comment */ while (*fmt && (*fmt != '\n')) fmt++; if (fmt) fmt++; /* Skip '\n' */ break; case '*': /* Suppress assignment */ fmt++; suppress = 1; break; case '{': /* Field Name */ { int i = 0; fmt++; /* Skip '{' */ while (*fmt && (*fmt != '}')) { if (i < sizeof(field_name)) field_name[i++] = *fmt; fmt++; } if (fmt) fmt++; /* Skip '}' */ field_name[i] = 0; } break; case 't': /* Bit (field) */ case 'b': /* Bits */ fmt++; width = strtol(fmt, &fmt, 10); if (width > 8) done = 1; else { if (shift <= 0) { bits = *databuf++; shift = 8; } value = (bits >> (shift - width)) & mask[width]; #if 0 printf("shift %2d bits %02x value %02x width %2d mask %02x\n", shift, bits, value, width, mask[width]); #endif ARG_PUT(value); shift -= width; } break; case 'i': /* Integral values */ shift = 0; fmt++; width = strtol(fmt, &fmt, 10); switch (width) { case 1: ARG_PUT(*databuf); databuf++; break; case 2: ARG_PUT((*databuf) << 8 | *(databuf + 1)); databuf += 2; break; case 3: ARG_PUT( (*databuf) << 16 | (*(databuf + 1)) << 8 | *(databuf + 2)); databuf += 3; break; case 4: ARG_PUT( (*databuf) << 24 | (*(databuf + 1)) << 16 | (*(databuf + 2)) << 8 | *(databuf + 3)); databuf += 4; break; default: done = 1; } break; case 'c': /* Characters (i.e., not swapped) */ case 'z': /* Characters with zeroed trailing spaces */ shift = 0; fmt++; width = strtol(fmt, &fmt, 10); if (!suppress) { if (arg_put) (*arg_put)(puthook, (letter == 't' ? 'b' : letter), databuf, width, field_name); else { char *dest; dest = va_arg(ap, char *); bcopy(databuf, dest, width); if (letter == 'z') { char *p; for (p = dest + width - 1; (p >= (char *)dest) && (*p == ' '); p--) *p = 0; } } assigned++; } databuf += width; field_name[0] = 0; suppress = 0; break; case 's': /* Seek */ shift = 0; fmt++; if (*fmt == '+') { plus = 1; fmt++; } else plus = 0; if (tolower(*fmt) == 'v') { /* You can't suppress a seek value. You also * can't have a variable seek when you are using * "arg_put". */ width = (arg_put) ? 0 : va_arg(ap, int); fmt++; } else width = strtol(fmt, &fmt, 10); if (plus) databuf += width; /* Relative seek */ else databuf = base + width; /* Absolute seek */ break; case 0: done = 1; break; default: fprintf(stderr, "Unknown letter in format: %c\n", letter); fmt++; } } return assigned; } int scsireq_decode_visit(scsireq_t *scsireq, char *fmt, void (*arg_put)(void *, int , void *, int, char *), void *puthook) { va_list ap; int ret; ret = do_buff_decode(scsireq->databuf, (size_t)scsireq->datalen, arg_put, puthook, fmt, ap); va_end (ap); return (ret); } int scsireq_buff_decode_visit(u_char *buff, size_t len, char *fmt, void (*arg_put)(void *, int, void *, int, char *), void *puthook) { va_list ap; /* XXX */ return do_buff_decode(buff, len, arg_put, puthook, fmt, ap); } /* next_field: Return the next field in a command specifier. This * builds up a SCSI command using this trivial grammar: * * fields : field fields * ; * * field : value * | value ':' field_width * ; * * field_width : digit * | 'i' digit // i2 = 2 byte integer, i3 = 3 byte integer etc. * ; * * value : HEX_NUMBER * | 'v' // For indirection. * ; * * Notes: * Bit fields are specified MSB first to match the SCSI spec. * * Examples: * TUR: "0 0 0 0 0 0" * WRITE BUFFER: "38 v:3 0:2 0:3 v v:i3 v:i3 0", mode, buffer_id, list_length * * The function returns the value: * 0: For reached end, with error_p set if an error was found * 1: For valid stuff setup * 2: For "v" was entered as the value (implies use varargs) * */ static int next_field(char **pp, char *fmt, int *width_p, int *value_p, char *name, int n_name, int *error_p, int *suppress_p) { char *p = *pp; int something = 0; enum { BETWEEN_FIELDS, START_FIELD, GET_FIELD, DONE } state; int value = 0; int field_size; /* Default to byte field type... */ int field_width; /* 1 byte wide */ int is_error = 0; int suppress = 0; field_size = 8; /* Default to byte field type... */ *fmt = 'i'; field_width = 1; /* 1 byte wide */ if (name) *name = 0; state = BETWEEN_FIELDS; while (state != DONE) switch (state) { case BETWEEN_FIELDS: if (*p == 0) state = DONE; else if (isspace(*p)) p++; else if (*p == '#') { while (*p && *p != '\n') p++; if (p) p++; } else if (*p == '{') { int i = 0; p++; while (*p && *p != '}') { if (name && i < n_name) { name[i] = *p; i++; } p++; } if (name && i < n_name) name[i] = 0; if (*p == '}') p++; } else if (*p == '*') { p++; suppress = 1; } else if (isxdigit(*p)) { something = 1; value = strtol(p, &p, 16); state = START_FIELD; } else if (tolower(*p) == 'v') { p++; something = 2; value = *value_p; state = START_FIELD; } /* try to work without the 'v' */ else if (tolower(*p) == 'i') { something = 2; value = *value_p; p++; *fmt = 'i'; field_size = 8; field_width = strtol(p, &p, 10); state = DONE; } else if (tolower(*p) == 't') { /* XXX: B can't work: Sees the 'b' * as a hex digit in "isxdigit". * try "t" for bit field. */ something = 2; value = *value_p; p++; *fmt = 'b'; field_size = 1; field_width = strtol(p, &p, 10); state = DONE; } else if (tolower(*p) == 's') { /* Seek */ *fmt = 's'; p++; if (tolower(*p) == 'v') { p++; something = 2; value = *value_p; } else { something = 1; value = strtol(p, &p, 0); } state = DONE; } else { fprintf(stderr, "Invalid starting character: %c\n", *p); is_error = 1; state = DONE; } break; case START_FIELD: if (*p == ':') { p++; field_size = 1; /* Default to bits when specified */ state = GET_FIELD; } else state = DONE; break; case GET_FIELD: if (isdigit(*p)) { *fmt = 'b'; field_size = 1; field_width = strtol(p, &p, 10); state = DONE; } else if (*p == 'i') { /* Integral (bytes) */ p++; *fmt = 'i'; field_size = 8; field_width = strtol(p, &p, 10); state = DONE; } else if (*p == 'b') { /* Bits */ p++; *fmt = 'b'; field_size = 1; field_width = strtol(p, &p, 10); state = DONE; } else { fprintf(stderr, "Invalid startfield %c (%02x)\n", *p, *p); is_error = 1; state = DONE; } break; case DONE: break; } if (is_error) { *error_p = 1; return 0; } *error_p = 0; *pp = p; *width_p = field_width * field_size; *value_p = value; *suppress_p = suppress; return something; } static int do_encode(u_char *buff, size_t vec_max, size_t *used, int (*arg_get)(void *, char *), void *gethook, char *fmt, va_list ap) { int ind; int shift; u_char val; int ret; int width, value, error, suppress; char c; int encoded = 0; char field_name[80]; ind = 0; shift = 0; val = 0; while ((ret = next_field(&fmt, &c, &width, &value, field_name, sizeof(field_name), &error, &suppress))) { encoded++; if (ret == 2) { if (suppress) value = 0; else value = arg_get ? (*arg_get)(gethook, field_name) : va_arg(ap, int); } #if 0 printf( "do_encode: ret %d fmt %c width %d value %d name \"%s\"" "error %d suppress %d\n", ret, c, width, value, field_name, error, suppress); #endif if (c == 's') /* Absolute seek */ { ind = value; continue; } if (width < 8) /* A width of < 8 is a bit field. */ { /* This is a bit field. We start with the high bits * so it reads the same as the SCSI spec. */ shift += width; val |= (value << (8 - shift)); if (shift == 8) { if (ind < vec_max) { buff[ind++] = val; val = 0; } shift = 0; } } else { if (shift) { if (ind < vec_max) { buff[ind++] = val; val = 0; } shift = 0; } switch (width) { case 8: /* 1 byte integer */ if (ind < vec_max) buff[ind++] = value; break; case 16: /* 2 byte integer */ if (ind < vec_max - 2 + 1) { buff[ind++] = value >> 8; buff[ind++] = value; } break; case 24: /* 3 byte integer */ if (ind < vec_max - 3 + 1) { buff[ind++] = value >> 16; buff[ind++] = value >> 8; buff[ind++] = value; } break; case 32: /* 4 byte integer */ if (ind < vec_max - 4 + 1) { buff[ind++] = value >> 24; buff[ind++] = value >> 16; buff[ind++] = value >> 8; buff[ind++] = value; } break; default: fprintf(stderr, "do_encode: Illegal width\n"); break; } } } /* Flush out any remaining bits */ if (shift && ind < vec_max) { buff[ind++] = val; val = 0; } if (used) *used = ind; if (error) return -1; return encoded; } /* XXX: Should be a constant in scsiio.h */ #define CMD_BUFLEN 16 scsireq_t * scsireq_build(scsireq_t *scsireq, u_long datalen, caddr_t databuf, u_long flags, char *cmd_spec, ...) { size_t cmdlen; va_list ap; if (scsireq == 0) return 0; scsireq_reset(scsireq); if (databuf) { scsireq->databuf = databuf; scsireq->datalen = datalen; scsireq->flags = flags; } else if (datalen) { /* XXX: Good way to get a memory leak. Perhaps this should be * removed. */ if ( (scsireq->databuf = malloc(datalen)) == 0) return 0; scsireq->datalen = datalen; scsireq->flags = flags; } va_start(ap, cmd_spec); if (do_encode(scsireq->cmd, CMD_BUFLEN, &cmdlen, 0, 0, cmd_spec, ap) == -1) return 0; va_end (ap); scsireq->cmdlen = cmdlen; return scsireq; } scsireq_t *scsireq_build_visit(scsireq_t *scsireq, u_long datalen, caddr_t databuf, u_long flags, char *cmd_spec, int (*arg_get)(void *hook, char *field_name), void *gethook) { size_t cmdlen; va_list ap; if (scsireq == 0) return 0; scsireq_reset(scsireq); if (databuf) { scsireq->databuf = databuf; scsireq->datalen = datalen; scsireq->flags = flags; } else if (datalen) { /* XXX: Good way to get a memory leak. Perhaps this should be * removed. */ if ( (scsireq->databuf = malloc(datalen)) == 0) return 0; scsireq->datalen = datalen; scsireq->flags = flags; } if (do_encode(scsireq->cmd, CMD_BUFLEN, &cmdlen, arg_get, gethook, cmd_spec, ap) == -1) return 0; scsireq->cmdlen = cmdlen; return scsireq; } int scsireq_buff_encode_visit(u_char *buff, size_t len, char *fmt, int (*arg_get)(void *hook, char *field_name), void *gethook) { va_list ap; return do_encode(buff, len, 0, arg_get, gethook, fmt, ap); } int scsireq_encode_visit(scsireq_t *scsireq, char *fmt, int (*arg_get)(void *hook, char *field_name), void *gethook) { va_list ap; return do_encode(scsireq->databuf, scsireq->datalen, 0, arg_get, gethook, fmt, ap); } FILE * scsi_debug_output(char *s) { if (s == 0) behave.db_f = 0; else { behave.db_f = fopen(s, "w"); if (behave.db_f == 0) behave.db_f = stderr; } return behave.db_f; } #define SCSI_TRUNCATE -1 typedef struct scsi_assoc { int code; char *text; } scsi_assoc_t; static scsi_assoc_t retsts[] = { { SCCMD_OK, "No error" }, { SCCMD_TIMEOUT, "Command Timeout" }, { SCCMD_BUSY, "Busy" }, { SCCMD_SENSE, "Sense Returned" }, { SCCMD_UNKNOWN, "Unknown return status" }, { 0, 0 } }; static char * scsi_assoc_text(int code, scsi_assoc_t *tab) { while (tab->text) { if (tab->code == code) return tab->text; tab++; } return "Unknown code"; } void scsi_dump(FILE *f, char *text, u_char *p, int req, int got, int dump_print) { int i; int trunc = 0; if (f == 0 || req == 0) return; fprintf(f, "%s (%d of %d):\n", text, got, req); if (behave.db_trunc != -1 && got > behave.db_trunc) { trunc = 1; got = behave.db_trunc; } for (i = 0; i < got; i++) { fprintf(f, "%02x", p[i]); putc(' ', f); if ((i % 16) == 15 || i == got - 1) { int j; if (dump_print) { fprintf(f, " # "); for (j = i - 15; j <= i; j++) putc((isprint(p[j]) ? p[j] : '.'), f); putc('\n', f); } else putc('\n', f); } } fprintf(f, "%s", (trunc) ? "(truncated)...\n" : "\n"); } /* XXX: sense_7x_dump and scsi_sense dump was just sort of * grabbed out of the old ds * library and not really merged in carefully. It should use the * new buffer decoding stuff. */ /* Get unsigned long. */ static u_long g_u_long(u_char *s) { return (s[0] << 24) | (s[1] << 16) | (s[2] << 8) | s[3]; } /* In the old software you could patch in a special error table: */ static scsi_assoc_t *error_table = 0; static void sense_7x_dump(FILE *f, scsireq_t *scsireq) { int code; u_char *s = (u_char *)scsireq->sense; int valid = (*s) & 0x80; u_long val; static scsi_assoc_t sense[] = { { 0, "No sense" }, { 1, "Recovered error" }, { 2, "Not Ready" }, { 3, "Medium error" }, { 4, "Hardware error" }, { 5, "Illegal request" }, { 6, "Unit attention" }, { 7, "Data protect" }, { 8, "Blank check" }, { 9, "Vendor specific" }, { 0xa, "Copy aborted" }, { 0xb, "Aborted Command" }, { 0xc, "Equal" }, { 0xd, "Volume overflow" }, { 0xe, "Miscompare" }, { 0, 0 }, }; static scsi_assoc_t code_tab[] = { {0x70, "current errors"}, {0x71, "deferred errors"}, }; fprintf(f, "Error code is \"%s\"\n", scsi_assoc_text(s[0]&0x7F, code_tab)); fprintf(f, "Segment number is %02x\n", s[1]); if (s[2] & 0x20) fprintf(f, "Incorrect Length Indicator is set.\n"); fprintf(f, "Sense key is \"%s\"\n", scsi_assoc_text(s[2] & 0x7, sense)); val = g_u_long(s + 3); fprintf(f, "The Information field is%s %08lx (%ld).\n", valid ? "" : " not valid but contains", (long)val, (long)val); val = g_u_long(s + 8); fprintf(f, "The Command Specific Information field is %08lx (%ld).\n", (long)val, (long)val); fprintf(f, "Additional sense code: %02x\n", s[12]); fprintf(f, "Additional sense code qualifier: %02x\n", s[13]); code = (s[12] << 8) | s[13]; if (error_table) fprintf(f, "%s\n", scsi_assoc_text(code, error_table)); if (s[15] & 0x80) { if ((s[2] & 0x7) == 0x05) /* Illegal request */ { int byte; u_char value, bit; int bad_par = ((s[15] & 0x40) == 0); fprintf(f, "Illegal value in the %s.\n", (bad_par ? "parameter list" : "command descriptor block")); byte = ((s[16] << 8) | s[17]); value = bad_par ? (u_char)scsireq->databuf[byte] : (u_char)scsireq->cmd[byte]; bit = s[15] & 0x7; if (s[15] & 0x08) fprintf(f, "Bit %d of byte %d (value %02x) is illegal.\n", bit, byte, value); else fprintf(f, "Byte %d (value %02x) is illegal.\n", byte, value); } else { fprintf(f, "Sense Key Specific (valid but not illegal request):\n"); fprintf(f, "%02x %02x %02x\n", s[15] & 0x7f, s[16], s[17]); } } } /* scsi_sense_dump: Dump the sense portion of the scsireq structure. */ static void scsi_sense_dump(FILE *f, scsireq_t *scsireq) { u_char *s = (u_char *)scsireq->sense; int code = (*s) & 0x7f; if (scsireq->senselen_used == 0) { fprintf(f, "No sense sent.\n"); return; } #if 0 if (!valid) fprintf(f, "The sense data is not valid.\n"); #endif switch (code) { case 0x70: case 0x71: sense_7x_dump(f, scsireq); break; default: fprintf(f, "No sense dump for error code %02x.\n", code); } scsi_dump(f, "sense", s, scsireq->senselen, scsireq->senselen_used, 0); } static void scsi_retsts_dump(FILE *f, scsireq_t *scsireq) { if (scsireq->retsts == 0) return; fprintf(f, "return status %d (%s)", scsireq->retsts, scsi_assoc_text(scsireq->retsts, retsts)); switch (scsireq->retsts) { case SCCMD_TIMEOUT: fprintf(f, " after %ld ms", scsireq->timeout); break; default: break; } } int scsi_debug(FILE *f, int ret, scsireq_t *scsireq) { char *d; if (f == 0) return 0; fprintf(f, "SCIOCCOMMAND ioctl"); if (ret == 0) fprintf(f, ": Command accepted."); else { if (ret != -1) fprintf(f, ", return value %d?", ret); if (errno) { fprintf(f, ": %s", strerror(errno)); errno = 0; } } fputc('\n', f); if (ret == 0 && (scsireq->status || scsireq->retsts || behave.db_level)) { scsi_retsts_dump(f, scsireq); if (scsireq->status) fprintf(f, " host adapter status %d\n", scsireq->status); if (scsireq->flags & SCCMD_READ) d = "Data in"; else if (scsireq->flags & SCCMD_WRITE) d = "Data out"; else d = "No data transfer?"; if (scsireq->cmdlen == 0) fprintf(f, "Zero length command????\n"); scsi_dump(f, "Command out", (u_char *)scsireq->cmd, scsireq->cmdlen, scsireq->cmdlen, 0); scsi_dump(f, d, (u_char *)scsireq->databuf, scsireq->datalen, scsireq->datalen_used, 1); scsi_sense_dump(f, scsireq); } fflush(f); return ret; } static char *debug_output; int scsi_open(const char *path, int flags) { int fd = open(path, flags); if (fd != -1) { char *p; debug_output = getenv("SU_DEBUG_OUTPUT"); (void)scsi_debug_output(debug_output); if ((p = getenv("SU_DEBUG_LEVEL"))) sscanf(p, "%d", &behave.db_level); if ((p = getenv("SU_DEBUG_TRUNCATE"))) sscanf(p, "%d", &behave.db_trunc); else behave.db_trunc = SCSI_TRUNCATE; } return fd; } int scsireq_enter(int fid, scsireq_t *scsireq) { int ret; ret = ioctl(fid, SCIOCCOMMAND, (void *)scsireq); if (behave.db_f) scsi_debug(behave.db_f, ret, scsireq); return ret; }