.\"	$OpenBSD: release.8,v 1.11 2000/10/21 23:25:36 marc Exp $
.\"
.\"	Copyright (c) 2000 Marco S. Hyman
.\"
.\"	Permission to copy all or part of this material for any purpose is
.\"	granted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph
.\"	are duplicated in all copies.  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS''
.\"	AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT
.\"	LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
.\"	FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
.\"
.Dd July 6, 2000
.Dt RELEASE 8
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm release
.Nd building an
.Ox
release
.Sh DESCRIPTION
There are several steps necessary to build a system release.
They are:
.Pp
.Bl -enum -compact
.It
Update sources.
.It
Build and install a new kernel.
.It
Build a new system.
.It
Make and validate the system release.
.It
Build and install X11.
.It
Make and validate the X11 release.
.It
Make the third party packages.
.El
.Pp
The following sections describe each of the required steps in detail.
.Ss "1. Update sources"
.Pp
A
.Nm
should always start from a known set of
.Em coherent
sources.
The easiest way to ensure that the sources are complete and coherent
is to check them out using the
.Tn CVS
tag the
.Ox
developers add to the repository prior to making a release.
There are two tags, one which identifies the release as it exists on the
.Tn CD\-ROM
and another which identifies the
.Em stable
branch.
The
.Em stable
branch, starting with
.Ox 2.7 ,
contains the patches described in
.Pa http://www.openbsd.org/errata.html .
The tags are of the form:
.Bl -tag -width OPENBSD_x_y_BASE
.It Va OPENBSD_x_y_BASE
This tag marks the source as it exists on the release
.Tn CD\-ROM
where
.Ar x
is the major release number and
.Ar y
is the minor release number.
.It Va OPENBSD_x_y
This tag is a moving target.
It marks the sources that belong to the stable branch.
This branch
.Em only
contains errata, no new features.
.El
.Pp
To update your sources to the versions identified by one of the above
tags use the commands:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
.Li "cd /usr/src && cvs up -r TAG -Pd"
.It
.Li "cd X11SRC && cvs up -r TAG -Pd"
.It
.Li "cd PORTSPATH && cvs up -r TAG -Pd"
.El
.Pp
Replace
.Va X11SRC
with the path to your
.Tn X11R6
sources.
Replace
.Va PORTSPATH
with the path to your ports tree sources, typically
.Pa /usr/ports .
The above command assume an existing source tree.
.Pp
See
.Pa http://www.openbsd.org/anoncvs.html
for instructions on fetching the sources for the first time.
.Bd -offset indent
.Sy Warning :
.Tn CVS
tags are
.Sq sticky .
See
.Xr cvs 1
for more information.
.Ed
.Ss "2. Build and install a new kernel"
.Pp
For safety, you should always build and install a new kernel before
building the programs that will use the kernel.
This ensures that any new system calls, for example, will be present
when needed.
To build a kernel the steps are:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
.Li "cd /sys/arch/${ARCH}/conf"
.br
where
.Va ${ARCH}
is the architecture of your machine, e.g.,
.Li i386 .
.It
.Li "vi ${NAME}"
.br
where
.Va ${NAME}
is your kernel configuration file.
You should
.Em not
edit
.Li GENERIC ,
create your own kernel configuration if you need to make modifications.
If using
.Li GENERIC
you can skip this step.
And yes, you may use
.Li emacs
or any other editor you choose.
.It
.Li "config ${NAME}"
.It
.Li "cd ../compile/${NAME}"
.It
.Li "make clean && make depend && make"
.br
In this instance
.Li "make clean"
is your friend.
.It
.Li su
.It
.Li "mv /bsd /bsd.old && mv bsd / && chown root.wheel /bsd"
.It
.Li "shutdown -r now"
.El
.Pp
If the system does not come up you can boot using
.Pa bsd.old .
.Ss "3. Build a new system"
.Pp
Now that you are running using your new kernel you can build a new system.
It's safer (but slower) to remove and re-build your object directories
and re-building them before the build.
The steps are:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
.Li "cd /usr/obj && mkdir -p .old && sudo mv * .old && sudo rm -rf .old &"
.br
This moves all your existing object out of the way and then removes them in
the background.
.It
.Li "cd /usr/src && nice make obj"
.br
this re-builds your obj directories
.It
.Li su
.It
.Li "nice make build"
.br
If you have set
.Xr sudo 8
up, you can combine this with the previous step using the command
.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
nice make SUDO=sudo build
.Ed
.It
Update
.Pa /etc ,
.Pa /var ,
and
.Pa /dev/MAKEDEV
by hand.
.El
.Pp
At this point your system is up-to-date and running the code that you
are going to make into a release.
.Ss "4. Make and validate the system release"
.Pp
The system release consists of a generic kernel, one
.Tn CD\-ROM
and two floppy boot-able file-systems, the release
.Sq tarballs ,
installation instructions, and checksum files.
.Pp
The release process requires two work areas.
They are:
.Bl -tag -width "RELEASEDIR "
.It Va DESTDIR
This is the name of a directory which will be the root of a a complete
.Ox
installation, thus it must be on a disk partition large enough to
store the entire operating system (less
.Tn X11R6
and any third party
.Sq packages ) .
The directory can be removed once the release is created.
In any case the release process ensures the directory is empty before starting.
.It Va RELEASEDIR
This is the name of a directory where the release output files are stored.
The following process will create the directory if necessary.
.El
.Pp
The floppy and
.Tn CD\-ROM
.Pa RAMDISK
images require a special tool which is created first.
The release process is:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
.Li su
.br
you must be root to create a release
.It
.Li "cd /usr/src/distrib/crunch && make clean && make && make install"
.br
create the special tools needed to build the release
.It
.Li "export DESTDIR=your-destdir RELEASEDIR=your-releasedir"
.It
.Li "test -d ${DESTDIR} && mv ${DESTDIR} ${DESTDIR}- && rm -rf ${DESTDIR}- &"
.It
.Li "mkdir -p ${DESTDIR} ${RELEASEDIR}"
.br
these two steps ensure
.Va ${DESTDIR}
exists as an empty directory and
.Va ${RELEASEDIR}
exists.
.Va ${RELEASEDIR}
need not be empty.
.It
.Li "cd /usr/src/etc && nice make release"
.It
.Li "cd /usr/src/distrib/sets && csh checkflist"
.br
this checks that the contents of
.Va ${DESTDIR}
pretty much match the contents of the release
.Sq tarballs .
.It
.Li "unset RELEASEDIR DESTDIR"
.El
.Pp
At this point you have most of an
.Ox
release.
The only thing missing is
.Va X11R6
(which is covered in the next section).
.Ss "5. Build and install X11"
.Pp
The
.Va X11
tree is primarily
.Xr imake 1 No Ns -based
and doesn't contain the
.Dq obj
directory mechanism that comes with Berkeley
.Xr make 1 .
While the tree can be built in place, it's better to refrain from
polluting the cvs sources.
An alternate build location needs to be selected, large enough to hold the
.Tn X11R6
object files, libraries, and binaries.
Call this location
.Va X11BLD .
.Va X11SRC
is the path to your
.Tn X11R6
sources.
Once you've selected
.Va X11BLD
the build process is:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
.Li su
.It
.Li "test -d X11BLD && mv X11BLD X11BLD- && rm -rf X11BLD- &"
.It
.Li "mkdir -p X11BLD"
.It
.Li "cd X11BLD && lndir X11SRC && nice make DESTDIR=/ build"
.El
.Pp
.Sy Note :
.Pa SuperProbe ,
built and installed above, requires version 8.0 of the
.Pa tcl/tk
libraries.   They must be installed to do a proper build. Version 8.0 of
.Pa tcl/tk
can be found in the ports tree at
.Pa /usr/ports/lang/tcl/8.0/
and
.Pa /usr/ports/x11/tk/8.0/ .
Version 8.0 is required to build X11.   Version 8.0 may coexist with
version 8.3.
.Pp
The above method mimics a
.Ic "make build"
in the
.Pa /usr/src
directory.
.Pa X11R6
is created and installed in
.Pa
/usr/X11R6 .
However, the install phase of the build does
.Em not
overwrite
.Pa /var/X11/xdm .
That directory must be installed by hand.   Or you can
.Ic "cd /var/X11 && mv xdm xdm-"
before the build and copy any local configuration from
.Pa xdm-
to
.Pa xdm
after the build.
.Ss "6. Make and validate the X11 release"
.Pp
.Va X11R6
uses the same
.Va DESTDIR
and
.Va RELEASEDIR
mechanism noted in the section on building a system release, above.
They may be the same values used above, but be warned that the
contents of
.Va DESTDIR
will be removed if you follow this procedure.   However,
.Va DESTDIR
should not be the same directory used to build the system release.  
It may be the same if you don't care to keep the contents of the
system release
.Va DESTDIR .
(The X11
.Va DESTDIR
needs to be emptied for release checklist processing.)
.Pp
The steps to build the release are (assuming you are still root, and still in
.Va X11BLD ) :
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
.Li "export DESTDIR=your-destdir RELEASEDIR=your-releasedir"
.It
.Li "test -d ${DESTDIR} && mv ${DESTDIR} ${DESTDIR}- && rm -rf ${DESTDIR}- &"
.It
.Li "mkdir -p ${DESTDIR} ${RELEASEDIR}"
.It
.Li "nice make release"
.It
.Li "unset RELEASEDIR DESTDIR"
.El
.Pp
At this point you have both system and
.Tn X11R6
.Sq tarballs
in your release directory.
.Ss "7. Make the third party packages"
.Pp
The
.Sq ports
sub-system of contributed applications is described in
.Xr ports 7 .
For ease of installation ports can be pre-compiled into
.Sq packages
which can then be installed onto machines using
.Xr pkg_add 1 .
Packages are created by:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
Select an application to build, we'll call it
.Va CATEGORY/PORT .
.It
.Li "cd /usr/ports/CATEGORY/PORT"
.It
.Li su
.It
.Li "make package"
.El
.Pp
That's all there is to it.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr cvs 1 ,
.Xr pkg_add 1 ,
.Xr ports 7 ,
.Xr sudo 8
.Sh HISTORY
This document first appeared in
.Ox 2.8 .