# $OpenBSD: asia,v 1.5 1997/01/14 04:36:48 millert Exp $ # @(#)asia 7.27 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): # # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition), # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991). # Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below. # # Gwillim Law writes that a good source # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # of the IATA's data after 1990. # # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. # # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which # I found in the UCLA library. # # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude, # Oxford University Press (1980). # # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. # Corrections are welcome! # std dst # LMT Local Mean Time # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time # 2:00 IST IDT Israel # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* # 4:00 GST Gulf* # 5:30 IST India # 7:00 ICT Indochina* # 8:00 CST China # 9:00 JST Japan # 9:00 KST Korea # 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time # # See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. # # See the `africa' file for time zone naming and abbreviation conventions. # From Guy Harris: # Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as # additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental # Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - # Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. ############################################################################### # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - # Afghanistan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 4:00 - AFT 1945 4:30 - AFT # Armenia # From Paul Eggert (1996-05-04): # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991, # but usno1995 has Armenia at 4:00 (with DST), and Edgar Der-Danieliantz # reported today that Yerevan probably won't use DST this year, # though it did use DST in 1995. We guess Yerevan stayed in sync with Moscow # between 1990 and 1995, but stopped using DST in 1996. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Armenia 1991 1995 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Armenia 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 3:00 Armenia AM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Armenia Time 4:00 Armenia AM%sT # Azerbaijan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT # Bahrain # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al-Manamah 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 3:00 - AST # Bangladesh # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Dacca 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time # Bhutan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Thimbu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time # British Indian Ocean Territory # From Whitman: # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT # BIOT Time # Brunei # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 7:30 - BNT 1933 8:00 - BNT # Burma / Myanmar # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time # Cambodia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 7:00 - ICT # People's Republic of China # From Guy Harris: # People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the # Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China # has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of # the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. # # . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too # painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for # DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): # # 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 # 1987 mid-April - ?? # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): # CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN # CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): # Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, # observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. # Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones. # From Shanks (1991): # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time 8:00 - CST 1940 9:00 - HART 1966 May 8:30 - HART 1980 May 8:00 PRC C%sT Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 8:00 PRC C%sT Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time 8:00 PRC C%sT Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 8:00 PRC C%sT Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 8:00 PRC C%sT ############################################################################### # Republic of China # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 8:00 Taiwan C%sT ############################################################################### # Hong Kong # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 8:00 HK HK%sT 1997 Jul 1 # return to China 8:00 PRC C%sT # Macao # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - Rule Macao 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Macao 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S Rule Macao 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Macao 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - Rule Macao 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Macao 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - Rule Macao 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - Rule Macao 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Macao 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 8:00 Macao MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 8:00 PRC C%sT ############################################################################### # Cyprus # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Cyprus 1979 max - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Cyprus 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT # Georgia # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward # an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, # an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! # We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. # # From Mathew Englander , quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): # Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia # will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, # President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 5:00 - GET # India # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 5:30 - IST # The following are like Asia/Calcutta: # Andaman Is # Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) # Nicobar Is # Indonesia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 7:07:12 - JMT 1924 Jan 1 0:13 # Jakarta MT 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 7:30 - JAVT 1942 Mar 23 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 7:30 - JAVT 1948 May 8:00 - JAVT 1950 May 7:30 - JAVT 1964 7:00 - JAVT Zone Asia/Ujung_Pandang 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 8:00 - BORT 1942 Feb 9 # Borneo Time 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 8:00 - BORT Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 9:00 - JAYT 1944 # Jayapura Time 9:30 - CST 1964 9:00 - JAYT # Iran # From Paul Eggert (1996-12-17), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales: # Ahmad Alavi # (1993-08-04) writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day # of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.'' This disagrees with the SSIM: # # DST start DST end # year SSIM Alavi SSIM Alavi # 1991 05-03!= 03-21 09-20!= 09-23 # 1992 03-22!= 03-21 09-23 09-23 # 1993 03-21 03-21 09-23 09-23 # 1994 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 # 1995 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 # 1996 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22 # 1997 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23 # # Go with Alavi starting with 1992. # I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates. # The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050 # are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Iran 1991 only - Sep 20 0:00s 0 - Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 3:30 - IRT 1977 Nov 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 3:30 Iran IR%sT # Iraq # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 D # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 3:00 - AST 1982 May 3:00 Iraq A%sT ############################################################################### # Israel # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): # ISRAEL 2 H AHEAD OF UTC # ISRAEL 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 10 - SEP 3 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): # # Shanks gives the following rules for Jerusalem from 1918 through 1991. # After 1989 Shanks often disagrees with Silverberg; we go with Silverberg. # From Shanks (1991): # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S # From Ephraim Silverberg (1996-01-02): # # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. # Each year they decide anew what havoc to wreak on the country. However, # there is a "supposed" set of rules which is subject to change depending # on the party the Minister of Interior, the size of the coalition # government, the phase of the moon and the direction of the wind. Hence, # changes may need to be made on a semi-annual basis. One thing is entrenched # in law, however: that there must be at least 150 days of daylight savings # time annually. Ever since 1993, the change to daylight savings time has # been from midnight Thursday night to 1 a.m. Friday morning and the change # back to standard time on Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time # to 11 p.m. standard time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the # change back to standard time takes place on Sunday night instead of Saturday # night to avoid conflicts with the Jewish New Year. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S # The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the # Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by # calling the switchboard at 972-2-701411 and asking for the spokeswoman. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S # The dates for 1996-1998 were also obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman # for the Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The official announcement # can be viewed (in Hebrew) at the following URL: # # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/misc/timezones/announcements/1996-1998.ps.gz # # Caveat emptor: The dates for the years 1996-1998 were originally announced # on 1995-08-31, by the previous Minister of Interior. The new Minister # of Interior changed the dates on 1996-01-01, to take into account the # desires of certain portions of Israeli society (the next election is in the # Fall of 1996). After this (1996) year's Daylight Savings Time is over, the # new minister has announced that a study will be conducted as to the wishes of # the populace regarding the length of Daylight Savings Time and the Interior # Committee will meet to review the results of the study and make any necessary # changes to the 1997-1998 dates. Never a dull moment in the State of Israel. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 1996 1998 - Mar Fri>=14 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1997 1998 - Oct Sun>=14 0:00 0 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 2:00 Zion I%sT ############################################################################### # Japan # `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. # From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): # Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had # daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued # because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' # Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows: # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S #Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D #Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S #Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D #Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D # but the only locations using it were US military bases. # We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:19:04 - LMT 1896 9:00 - JST Zone Asia/Ishigaki 8:16:36 - LMT 1896 8:00 - CST # There is no information for Marcus. # Other Japanese possessions are probably like Asia/Tokyo. # Jordan # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1993 max - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - Rule Jordan 1995 max - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 2:00 Jordan EE%sT # Kazakhstan # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): # Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan # stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) # and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. # Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time # IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Alma-Ata 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Almaty 5:00 - ALMT 1957 Mar # Alma-Ata Time 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 ALMST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 5:00 - ALMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 E-EurAsia ALM%sT Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 4:00 - AKT 1957 Mar # Aktyubinsk Time 5:00 RussiaAsia AK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 1:00 AKTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtobe Time 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aktau 4:00 - SHET 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko Time 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 1:00 AQTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtau Time 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun 4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT # Kirgizstan # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Kirgiz 1992 max - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S Rule Kirgiz 1991 max - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - FRUT 1957 Mar # Frunze Time 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 # independence 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time ############################################################################### # Korea # From Guy Harris: # According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco, # Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know # at what time of day DST starts or ends. # From Shanks (1991): # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 9:00 - KST 1928 8:30 - KST 1932 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 9:00 ROK K%sT Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 9:00 - KST 1928 8:30 - KST 1932 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 9:00 - KST ############################################################################### # Kuwait # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 3:00 - AST # Laos # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 7:00 - ICT # Lebanon # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT # Malaysia # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 7:20 - MALT 1950 7:30 - MALT 1982 May 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 8:00 - BORT 1982 May 8:00 - MYT # Maldives # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time # Mongolia # Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and # (1995) # both say that it has just one. # Let's comment out the western and eastern Mongolian time zones # till we know what their principal towns are. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - Rule Mongol 1991 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Mongol 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Mongol 1996 max - Oct Fri>=22 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] #Zone Asia/Dariv 6:14:32 - LMT 1905 Aug # 6:00 - DART 1978 # Dariv Time # 7:00 Mongol DAR%sT Zone Asia/Ulan_Bator 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulan Bator Time 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT #Zone Asia/Baruun-Urt 7:33:00 - LMT 1905 Aug # 8:00 - BART 1978 # Baruun-Urt Time # 9:00 Mongol BAR%sT # Nepal # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 5:30 - IST 1986 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time # Oman # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 4:00 - GST # Pakistan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 5:00 - PKT # Pakistan Time # Palestine # These rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2:00 - EET 1957 May 10 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 30 2:00 Zion I%sT # Paracel Is # no information # Philippines # Howse writes (p 162) that until 1844 the Philippines kept American date. # The rest of this data is from Shanks. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 8:00 Phil PH%sT # Qatar # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 3:00 - AST # Saudi Arabia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 3:00 - AST # Singapore # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 7:20 - MALT 1950 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time 8:00 - SGT # Spratly Is # no information # Sri Lanka # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): # (1996-05-24) # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' # Transitions before 1996 are from Shanks (1991). # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 5:20 - CEYT 1906 # Ceylon Time 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 6:30 - LKT # Sri Lanka Time # Syria # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - # IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1997-03-31; assume that it should be 1997-04-01. Rule Syria 1994 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 2:00 Syria EE%sT # Tajikistan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - DUST 1957 Mar # Dushanbe Time 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 # independence 5:00 RussiaAsia TJ%sT 1992 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time # Thailand # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 7:00 - ICT # Turkmenistan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Ashkhabad 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashgabat 4:00 - ASHT 1957 Mar # Ashkhabad Time 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 1:00 ASHST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 4:00 - ASHT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 4:00 - TMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 - TMT # Turkmenistan Time # United Arab Emirates # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 4:00 - GST # Uzbekistan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - TAST 1957 Mar # Tashkent Time 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 TASST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 5:00 - UZT # Uzbekistan Time # Shanks has Tashkent using DST after 1991, but usno1995 says they don't. # Guess no DST after 1991. # (1995) # says that Uzbekistan has two time zones, but a cable # (1996-05-10) # from the American Embassy in Tashkent implies that they have just one. # Vietnam # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): # Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long. # We'll stick with the traditional name for now. # From Shanks (1991): # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 7:00 - ICT # Yemen # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 3:00 - AST