/* $OpenBSD: init_main.c,v 1.166 2010/01/12 04:06:26 deraadt Exp $ */ /* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.84.4.1 1996/06/02 09:08:06 mrg Exp $ */ /* * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved. * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef SYSVSHM #include #endif #ifdef SYSVSEM #include #endif #ifdef SYSVMSG #include #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #if defined(CRYPTO) #include #include #endif #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) extern void nfs_init(void); #endif #include "mpath.h" #include "vscsi.h" #include "softraid.h" const char copyright[] = "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n" "\tThe Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n" "Copyright (c) 1995-2010 OpenBSD. All rights reserved. http://www.OpenBSD.org\n"; /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ struct session session0; struct pgrp pgrp0; struct proc proc0; struct process process0; struct pcred cred0; struct plimit limit0; struct vmspace vmspace0; struct sigacts sigacts0; struct proc *initproc; int cmask = CMASK; extern struct user *proc0paddr; struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp; int boothowto; struct timeval boottime; int ncpus = 1; int ncpusfound = 1; /* number of cpus we find */ __volatile int start_init_exec; /* semaphore for start_init() */ #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) long __guard[8]; #endif /* XXX return int so gcc -Werror won't complain */ int main(void *); void check_console(struct proc *); void start_init(void *); void start_cleaner(void *); void start_update(void *); void start_reaper(void *); void init_crypto(void); void init_exec(void); void kqueue_init(void); void workq_init(void); extern char sigcode[], esigcode[]; #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG extern char *syscallnames[]; #endif struct emul emul_native = { "native", NULL, sendsig, SYS_syscall, SYS_MAXSYSCALL, sysent, #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG syscallnames, #else NULL, #endif 0, copyargs, setregs, NULL, coredump_trad, sigcode, esigcode, EMUL_ENABLED | EMUL_NATIVE, }; /* * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. */ /* XXX return int, so gcc -Werror won't complain */ int main(void *framep) { struct proc *p; struct pdevinit *pdev; struct timeval rtv; quad_t lim; int s, i; extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[]; extern void scheduler_start(void); extern void disk_init(void); extern void endtsleep(void *); extern void realitexpire(void *); /* * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. */ curproc = p = &proc0; p->p_cpu = curcpu(); /* * Initialize timeouts. */ timeout_startup(); /* * Attempt to find console and initialize * in case of early panic or other messages. */ config_init(); /* init autoconfiguration data structures */ consinit(); printf("%s\n", copyright); KERNEL_LOCK_INIT(); uvm_init(); disk_init(); /* must come before autoconfiguration */ tty_init(); /* initialise tty's */ cpu_startup(); /* * Initialize mbuf's. Do this now because we might attempt to * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration. */ mbinit(); /* Initialize sockets. */ soinit(); /* * Initialize process and pgrp structures. */ procinit(); /* Initialize file locking. */ lf_init(); /* * Initialize filedescriptors. */ filedesc_init(); /* * Initialize pipes. */ pipe_init(); /* * Initialize kqueues. */ kqueue_init(); /* * Create process 0 (the swapper). */ process0.ps_mainproc = p; TAILQ_INIT(&process0.ps_threads); TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&process0.ps_threads, p, p_thr_link); process0.ps_refcnt = 1; p->p_p = &process0; /* Set the default routing domain. */ process0.ps_rdomain = 0; LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), p, p_hash); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; session0.s_count = 1; session0.s_leader = p; atomic_setbits_int(&p->p_flag, P_SYSTEM | P_NOCLDWAIT); p->p_stat = SONPROC; p->p_nice = NZERO; p->p_emul = &emul_native; bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); /* Init timeouts. */ timeout_set(&p->p_sleep_to, endtsleep, p); timeout_set(&p->p_realit_to, realitexpire, p); /* Create credentials. */ cred0.p_refcnt = 1; p->p_cred = &cred0; p->p_ucred = crget(); p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ signal_init(); p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0; siginit(p); /* Create the file descriptor table. */ p->p_fd = fdinit(NULL); /* Create the limits structures. */ p->p_p->ps_limit = &limit0; for (i = 0; i < nitems(p->p_rlimit); i++) limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE; limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = MIN(NOFILE_MAX, (maxfiles - NOFILE > NOFILE) ? maxfiles - NOFILE : NOFILE); limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC; lim = ptoa(uvmexp.free); limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = lim; limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = lim; limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = lim / 3; limit0.p_refcnt = 1; /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ uvmspace_init(&vmspace0, pmap_kernel(), round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE, TRUE); p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ /* * We continue to place resource usage info in the * user struct so they're pageable. */ p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; /* * Charge root for one process. */ (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); /* Initialize run queues */ sched_init_runqueues(); sleep_queue_init(); sched_init_cpu(curcpu()); /* Initialize work queues */ workq_init(); /* Initialize the interface/address trees */ ifinit(); /* Configure the devices */ cpu_configure(); /* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */ uvm_init_limits(p); /* Initialize the file systems. */ #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) nfs_init(); /* initialize server/shared data */ #endif vfsinit(); /* Start real time and statistics clocks. */ initclocks(); /* Lock the kernel on behalf of proc0. */ KERNEL_PROC_LOCK(p); #ifdef SYSVSHM /* Initialize System V style shared memory. */ shminit(); #endif #ifdef SYSVSEM /* Initialize System V style semaphores. */ seminit(); #endif #ifdef SYSVMSG /* Initialize System V style message queues. */ msginit(); #endif /* Attach pseudo-devices. */ randomattach(); for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++) if (pdev->pdev_count > 0) (*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count); #ifdef CRYPTO swcr_init(); #endif /* CRYPTO */ /* * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets * until everything is ready. */ s = splnet(); domaininit(); if_attachdomain(); splx(s); #ifdef GPROF /* Initialize kernel profiling. */ kmstartup(); #endif #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) { volatile long newguard[8]; arc4random_buf((long *)newguard, sizeof(newguard)); for (i = nitems(__guard) - 1; i; i--) __guard[i] = newguard[i]; } #endif /* init exec and emul */ init_exec(); /* Start the scheduler */ scheduler_start(); /* * Create process 1 (init(8)). We do this now, as Unix has * historically had init be process 1, and changing this would * probably upset a lot of people. * * Note that process 1 won't immediately exec init(8), but will * wait for us to inform it that the root file system has been * mounted. */ if (fork1(p, SIGCHLD, FORK_FORK, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, NULL, &initproc)) panic("fork init"); /* * Create any kernel threads whose creation was deferred because * initproc had not yet been created. */ kthread_run_deferred_queue(); /* * Now that device driver threads have been created, wait for * them to finish any deferred autoconfiguration. Note we don't * need to lock this semaphore, since we haven't booted any * secondary processors, yet. */ while (config_pending) (void) tsleep((void *)&config_pending, PWAIT, "cfpend", 0); dostartuphooks(); #if NMPATH > 0 config_rootfound("mpath", NULL); #endif #if NVSCSI > 0 config_rootfound("vscsi", NULL); #endif #if NSOFTRAID > 0 config_rootfound("softraid", NULL); #endif /* Configure root/swap devices */ diskconf(); if (mountroot == NULL || ((*mountroot)() != 0)) panic("cannot mount root"); CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS; /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ if (VFS_ROOT(CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode)) panic("cannot find root vnode"); p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, p); p->p_fd->fd_rdir = NULL; /* * Now that root is mounted, we can fixup initproc's CWD * info. All other processes are kthreads, which merely * share proc0's CWD info. */ initproc->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; vref(initproc->p_fd->fd_cdir); initproc->p_fd->fd_rdir = NULL; /* * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. */ #ifdef __HAVE_TIMECOUNTER microtime(&boottime); #else boottime = mono_time = time; #endif LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) { p->p_stats->p_start = boottime; microuptime(&p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime); p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; } uvm_swap_init(); /* Create the pageout daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon")) panic("fork pagedaemon"); /* Create the reaper daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(start_reaper, NULL, NULL, "reaper")) panic("fork reaper"); /* Create the cleaner daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(start_cleaner, NULL, NULL, "cleaner")) panic("fork cleaner"); /* Create the update daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(start_update, NULL, NULL, "update")) panic("fork update"); /* Create the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, NULL, "aiodoned")) panic("fork aiodoned"); #ifdef CRYPTO /* Create the crypto kernel thread. */ init_crypto(); #endif /* CRYPTO */ microtime(&rtv); srandom((u_int32_t)(rtv.tv_sec ^ rtv.tv_usec) ^ arc4random()); randompid = 1; #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) /* Boot the secondary processors. */ cpu_boot_secondary_processors(); #endif domountroothooks(); /* * Okay, now we can let init(8) exec! It's off to userland! */ start_init_exec = 1; wakeup((void *)&start_init_exec); /* * proc0: nothing to do, back to sleep */ while (1) tsleep(&proc0, PVM, "scheduler", 0); /* NOTREACHED */ } /* * List of paths to try when searching for "init". */ static char *initpaths[] = { "/sbin/init", "/sbin/oinit", "/sbin/init.bak", NULL, }; void check_console(struct proc *p) { struct nameidata nd; int error; NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", p); error = namei(&nd); if (error) { if (error == ENOENT) printf("warning: /dev/console does not exist\n"); else printf("warning: /dev/console error %d\n", error); } else vrele(nd.ni_vp); } /* * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. */ void start_init(void *arg) { struct proc *p = arg; vaddr_t addr; struct sys_execve_args /* { syscallarg(const char *) path; syscallarg(char *const *) argp; syscallarg(char *const *) envp; } */ args; int options, error; long i; register_t retval[2]; char flags[4], *flagsp; char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL; /* * Now in process 1. */ /* * Wait for main() to tell us that it's safe to exec. */ while (start_init_exec == 0) (void) tsleep((void *)&start_init_exec, PWAIT, "initexec", 0); check_console(p); /* * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. */ #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP addr = USRSTACK; #else addr = USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE; #endif if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0, UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_RW, UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_INH_COPY, UVM_ADV_NORMAL, UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW))) panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP ucp = (char *)addr; #else ucp = (char *)(addr + PAGE_SIZE); #endif /* * Construct the boot flag argument. */ flagsp = flags; *flagsp++ = '-'; options = 0; if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { *flagsp++ = 's'; options = 1; } #ifdef notyet if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { *flagsp++ = 'f'; options = 1; } #endif /* * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary. */ if (options != 0) { *flagsp++ = '\0'; i = flagsp - flags; #ifdef DEBUG printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i); #endif #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP arg1 = ucp; (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)ucp, i); ucp += i; #else (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); arg1 = ucp; #endif } /* * Move out the file name (also arg 0). */ i = strlen(path) + 1; #ifdef DEBUG printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i); #endif #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP arg0 = ucp; (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)ucp, i); ucp += i; ucp = (caddr_t)ALIGN((u_long)ucp); uap = (char **)ucp + 3; #else (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); arg0 = ucp; uap = (char **)((u_long)ucp & ~ALIGNBYTES); #endif /* * Move out the arg pointers. */ i = 0; copyout(&i, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); /* terminator */ if (options != 0) copyout(&arg1, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); copyout(&arg0, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); /* * Point at the arguments. */ SCARG(&args, path) = arg0; SCARG(&args, argp) = uap; SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL; /* * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason * other than it doesn't exist, complain. */ if ((error = sys_execve(p, &args, retval)) == 0) { KERNEL_PROC_UNLOCK(p); return; } if (error != ENOENT) printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); } printf("init: not found\n"); panic("no init"); } void start_update(void *arg) { sched_sync(curproc); /* NOTREACHED */ } void start_cleaner(void *arg) { buf_daemon(curproc); /* NOTREACHED */ } void start_reaper(void *arg) { reaper(); /* NOTREACHED */ }