/* $OpenBSD: kern_synch.c,v 1.59 2004/06/24 19:35:24 tholo Exp $ */ /* $NetBSD: kern_synch.c,v 1.37 1996/04/22 01:38:37 christos Exp $ */ /*- * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1990, 1991, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * @(#)kern_synch.c 8.6 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef KTRACE #include #endif #include #ifndef __HAVE_CPUINFO u_char curpriority; /* usrpri of curproc */ #endif int lbolt; /* once a second sleep address */ #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO int rrticks_init; /* # of hardclock ticks per roundrobin() */ #endif int whichqs; /* Bit mask summary of non-empty Q's. */ struct prochd qs[NQS]; struct SIMPLELOCK sched_lock; void scheduler_start(void); #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO void roundrobin(struct cpu_info *); #else void roundrobin(void *); #endif void schedcpu(void *); void updatepri(struct proc *); void endtsleep(void *); void scheduler_start() { #ifndef __HAVE_CPUINFO static struct timeout roundrobin_to; #endif static struct timeout schedcpu_to; /* * We avoid polluting the global namespace by keeping the scheduler * timeouts static in this function. * We setup the timeouts here and kick schedcpu and roundrobin once to * make them do their job. */ #ifndef __HAVE_CPUINFO timeout_set(&roundrobin_to, roundrobin, &roundrobin_to); #endif timeout_set(&schedcpu_to, schedcpu, &schedcpu_to); #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO rrticks_init = hz / 10; #else roundrobin(&roundrobin_to); #endif schedcpu(&schedcpu_to); } /* * Force switch among equal priority processes every 100ms. */ /* ARGSUSED */ #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO void roundrobin(struct cpu_info *ci) { struct schedstate_percpu *spc = &ci->ci_schedstate; int s; spc->spc_rrticks = rrticks_init; if (curproc != NULL) { s = splstatclock(); if (spc->spc_schedflags & SPCF_SEENRR) { /* * The process has already been through a roundrobin * without switching and may be hogging the CPU. * Indicate that the process should yield. */ spc->spc_schedflags |= SPCF_SHOULDYIELD; } else { spc->spc_schedflags |= SPCF_SEENRR; } splx(s); } need_resched(curcpu()); } #else void roundrobin(void *arg) { struct timeout *to = (struct timeout *)arg; struct proc *p = curproc; int s; if (p != NULL) { s = splstatclock(); if (p->p_schedflags & PSCHED_SEENRR) { /* * The process has already been through a roundrobin * without switching and may be hogging the CPU. * Indicate that the process should yield. */ p->p_schedflags |= PSCHED_SHOULDYIELD; } else { p->p_schedflags |= PSCHED_SEENRR; } splx(s); } need_resched(0); timeout_add(to, hz / 10); } #endif /* * Constants for digital decay and forget: * 90% of (p_estcpu) usage in 5 * loadav time * 95% of (p_pctcpu) usage in 60 seconds (load insensitive) * Note that, as ps(1) mentions, this can let percentages * total over 100% (I've seen 137.9% for 3 processes). * * Note that hardclock updates p_estcpu and p_cpticks independently. * * We wish to decay away 90% of p_estcpu in (5 * loadavg) seconds. * That is, the system wants to compute a value of decay such * that the following for loop: * for (i = 0; i < (5 * loadavg); i++) * p_estcpu *= decay; * will compute * p_estcpu *= 0.1; * for all values of loadavg: * * Mathematically this loop can be expressed by saying: * decay ** (5 * loadavg) ~= .1 * * The system computes decay as: * decay = (2 * loadavg) / (2 * loadavg + 1) * * We wish to prove that the system's computation of decay * will always fulfill the equation: * decay ** (5 * loadavg) ~= .1 * * If we compute b as: * b = 2 * loadavg * then * decay = b / (b + 1) * * We now need to prove two things: * 1) Given factor ** (5 * loadavg) ~= .1, prove factor == b/(b+1) * 2) Given b/(b+1) ** power ~= .1, prove power == (5 * loadavg) * * Facts: * For x close to zero, exp(x) =~ 1 + x, since * exp(x) = 0! + x**1/1! + x**2/2! + ... . * therefore exp(-1/b) =~ 1 - (1/b) = (b-1)/b. * For x close to zero, ln(1+x) =~ x, since * ln(1+x) = x - x**2/2 + x**3/3 - ... -1 < x < 1 * therefore ln(b/(b+1)) = ln(1 - 1/(b+1)) =~ -1/(b+1). * ln(.1) =~ -2.30 * * Proof of (1): * Solve (factor)**(power) =~ .1 given power (5*loadav): * solving for factor, * ln(factor) =~ (-2.30/5*loadav), or * factor =~ exp(-1/((5/2.30)*loadav)) =~ exp(-1/(2*loadav)) = * exp(-1/b) =~ (b-1)/b =~ b/(b+1). QED * * Proof of (2): * Solve (factor)**(power) =~ .1 given factor == (b/(b+1)): * solving for power, * power*ln(b/(b+1)) =~ -2.30, or * power =~ 2.3 * (b + 1) = 4.6*loadav + 2.3 =~ 5*loadav. QED * * Actual power values for the implemented algorithm are as follows: * loadav: 1 2 3 4 * power: 5.68 10.32 14.94 19.55 */ /* calculations for digital decay to forget 90% of usage in 5*loadav sec */ #define loadfactor(loadav) (2 * (loadav)) #define decay_cpu(loadfac, cpu) (((loadfac) * (cpu)) / ((loadfac) + FSCALE)) /* decay 95% of `p_pctcpu' in 60 seconds; see CCPU_SHIFT before changing */ fixpt_t ccpu = 0.95122942450071400909 * FSCALE; /* exp(-1/20) */ /* * If `ccpu' is not equal to `exp(-1/20)' and you still want to use the * faster/more-accurate formula, you'll have to estimate CCPU_SHIFT below * and possibly adjust FSHIFT in "param.h" so that (FSHIFT >= CCPU_SHIFT). * * To estimate CCPU_SHIFT for exp(-1/20), the following formula was used: * 1 - exp(-1/20) ~= 0.0487 ~= 0.0488 == 1 (fixed pt, *11* bits). * * If you dont want to bother with the faster/more-accurate formula, you * can set CCPU_SHIFT to (FSHIFT + 1) which will use a slower/less-accurate * (more general) method of calculating the %age of CPU used by a process. */ #define CCPU_SHIFT 11 /* * Recompute process priorities, every hz ticks. */ /* ARGSUSED */ void schedcpu(arg) void *arg; { struct timeout *to = (struct timeout *)arg; fixpt_t loadfac = loadfactor(averunnable.ldavg[0]); struct proc *p; int s; unsigned int newcpu; int phz; /* * If we have a statistics clock, use that to calculate CPU * time, otherwise revert to using the profiling clock (which, * in turn, defaults to hz if there is no separate profiling * clock available) */ phz = stathz ? stathz : profhz; KASSERT(phz); for (p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc); p != 0; p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list)) { /* * Increment time in/out of memory and sleep time * (if sleeping). We ignore overflow; with 16-bit int's * (remember them?) overflow takes 45 days. */ p->p_swtime++; if (p->p_stat == SSLEEP || p->p_stat == SSTOP) p->p_slptime++; p->p_pctcpu = (p->p_pctcpu * ccpu) >> FSHIFT; /* * If the process has slept the entire second, * stop recalculating its priority until it wakes up. */ if (p->p_slptime > 1) continue; s = splstatclock(); /* prevent state changes */ /* * p_pctcpu is only for ps. */ #if (FSHIFT >= CCPU_SHIFT) p->p_pctcpu += (phz == 100)? ((fixpt_t) p->p_cpticks) << (FSHIFT - CCPU_SHIFT): 100 * (((fixpt_t) p->p_cpticks) << (FSHIFT - CCPU_SHIFT)) / phz; #else p->p_pctcpu += ((FSCALE - ccpu) * (p->p_cpticks * FSCALE / phz)) >> FSHIFT; #endif p->p_cpticks = 0; newcpu = (u_int) decay_cpu(loadfac, p->p_estcpu); p->p_estcpu = newcpu; splx(s); SCHED_LOCK(s); resetpriority(p); if (p->p_priority >= PUSER) { if ((p != curproc) && p->p_stat == SRUN && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) && (p->p_priority / PPQ) != (p->p_usrpri / PPQ)) { remrunqueue(p); p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; setrunqueue(p); } else p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; } SCHED_UNLOCK(s); } uvm_meter(); wakeup((caddr_t)&lbolt); timeout_add(to, hz); } /* * Recalculate the priority of a process after it has slept for a while. * For all load averages >= 1 and max p_estcpu of 255, sleeping for at * least six times the loadfactor will decay p_estcpu to zero. */ void updatepri(p) register struct proc *p; { register unsigned int newcpu = p->p_estcpu; register fixpt_t loadfac = loadfactor(averunnable.ldavg[0]); SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); if (p->p_slptime > 5 * loadfac) p->p_estcpu = 0; else { p->p_slptime--; /* the first time was done in schedcpu */ while (newcpu && --p->p_slptime) newcpu = (int) decay_cpu(loadfac, newcpu); p->p_estcpu = newcpu; } resetpriority(p); } /* * We're only looking at 7 bits of the address; everything is * aligned to 4, lots of things are aligned to greater powers * of 2. Shift right by 8, i.e. drop the bottom 256 worth. */ #define TABLESIZE 128 #define LOOKUP(x) (((long)(x) >> 8) & (TABLESIZE - 1)) struct slpque { struct proc *sq_head; struct proc **sq_tailp; } slpque[TABLESIZE]; /* * During autoconfiguration or after a panic, a sleep will simply * lower the priority briefly to allow interrupts, then return. * The priority to be used (safepri) is machine-dependent, thus this * value is initialized and maintained in the machine-dependent layers. * This priority will typically be 0, or the lowest priority * that is safe for use on the interrupt stack; it can be made * higher to block network software interrupts after panics. */ int safepri; /* * General sleep call. Suspends the current process until a wakeup is * performed on the specified identifier. The process will then be made * runnable with the specified priority. Sleeps at most timo/hz seconds * (0 means no timeout). If pri includes PCATCH flag, signals are checked * before and after sleeping, else signals are not checked. Returns 0 if * awakened, EWOULDBLOCK if the timeout expires. If PCATCH is set and a * signal needs to be delivered, ERESTART is returned if the current system * call should be restarted if possible, and EINTR is returned if the system * call should be interrupted by the signal (return EINTR). * * The interlock is held until the scheduler_slock (XXX) is held. The * interlock will be locked before returning back to the caller * unless the PNORELOCK flag is specified, in which case the * interlock will always be unlocked upon return. */ int ltsleep(ident, priority, wmesg, timo, interlock) void *ident; int priority, timo; const char *wmesg; volatile struct simplelock *interlock; { struct proc *p = curproc; struct slpque *qp; int s, sig; int catch = priority & PCATCH; int relock = (priority & PNORELOCK) == 0; if (cold || panicstr) { /* * After a panic, or during autoconfiguration, * just give interrupts a chance, then just return; * don't run any other procs or panic below, * in case this is the idle process and already asleep. */ s = splhigh(); splx(safepri); splx(s); if (interlock != NULL && relock == 0) simple_unlock(interlock); return (0); } #ifdef KTRACE if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW)) ktrcsw(p, 1, 0); #endif SCHED_LOCK(s); #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC if (ident == NULL || p->p_stat != SONPROC || p->p_back != NULL) panic("tsleep"); #endif p->p_wchan = ident; p->p_wmesg = wmesg; p->p_slptime = 0; p->p_priority = priority & PRIMASK; qp = &slpque[LOOKUP(ident)]; if (qp->sq_head == 0) qp->sq_head = p; else *qp->sq_tailp = p; *(qp->sq_tailp = &p->p_forw) = 0; if (timo) timeout_add(&p->p_sleep_to, timo); /* * We can now release the interlock; the scheduler_slock * is held, so a thread can't get in to do wakeup() before * we do the switch. * * XXX We leave the code block here, after inserting ourselves * on the sleep queue, because we might want a more clever * data structure for the sleep queues at some point. */ if (interlock != NULL) simple_unlock(interlock); /* * We put ourselves on the sleep queue and start our timeout * before calling CURSIG, as we could stop there, and a wakeup * or a SIGCONT (or both) could occur while we were stopped. * A SIGCONT would cause us to be marked as SSLEEP * without resuming us, thus we must be ready for sleep * when CURSIG is called. If the wakeup happens while we're * stopped, p->p_wchan will be 0 upon return from CURSIG. */ if (catch) { p->p_flag |= P_SINTR; if ((sig = CURSIG(p)) != 0) { if (p->p_wchan) unsleep(p); p->p_stat = SONPROC; SCHED_UNLOCK(s); goto resume; } if (p->p_wchan == 0) { catch = 0; SCHED_UNLOCK(s); goto resume; } } else sig = 0; p->p_stat = SSLEEP; p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_nvcsw++; SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); mi_switch(); #ifdef DDB /* handy breakpoint location after process "wakes" */ __asm(".globl bpendtsleep\nbpendtsleep:"); #endif SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); /* * Note! this splx belongs to the SCHED_LOCK(s) above, mi_switch * releases the scheduler lock, but does not lower the spl. */ splx(s); resume: #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_curpriority = p->p_usrpri; #else curpriority = p->p_usrpri; #endif p->p_flag &= ~P_SINTR; if (p->p_flag & P_TIMEOUT) { p->p_flag &= ~P_TIMEOUT; if (sig == 0) { #ifdef KTRACE if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW)) ktrcsw(p, 0, 0); #endif if (interlock != NULL && relock) simple_lock(interlock); return (EWOULDBLOCK); } } else if (timo) timeout_del(&p->p_sleep_to); if (catch && (sig != 0 || (sig = CURSIG(p)) != 0)) { #ifdef KTRACE if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW)) ktrcsw(p, 0, 0); #endif if (interlock != NULL && relock) simple_lock(interlock); if (p->p_sigacts->ps_sigintr & sigmask(sig)) return (EINTR); return (ERESTART); } #ifdef KTRACE if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW)) ktrcsw(p, 0, 0); #endif if (interlock != NULL && relock) simple_lock(interlock); return (0); } /* * Implement timeout for tsleep. * If process hasn't been awakened (wchan non-zero), * set timeout flag and undo the sleep. If proc * is stopped, just unsleep so it will remain stopped. */ void endtsleep(arg) void *arg; { struct proc *p; int s; p = (struct proc *)arg; SCHED_LOCK(s); if (p->p_wchan) { if (p->p_stat == SSLEEP) setrunnable(p); else unsleep(p); p->p_flag |= P_TIMEOUT; } SCHED_UNLOCK(s); } /* * Remove a process from its wait queue */ void unsleep(p) register struct proc *p; { register struct slpque *qp; register struct proc **hp; #if 0 int s; /* * XXX we cannot do recursive SCHED_LOCKing yet. All callers lock * anyhow. */ SCHED_LOCK(s); #endif if (p->p_wchan) { hp = &(qp = &slpque[LOOKUP(p->p_wchan)])->sq_head; while (*hp != p) hp = &(*hp)->p_forw; *hp = p->p_forw; if (qp->sq_tailp == &p->p_forw) qp->sq_tailp = hp; p->p_wchan = 0; } #if 0 SCHED_UNLOCK(s); #endif } #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) || defined(LOCKDEBUG) void sched_unlock_idle(void) { SIMPLE_UNLOCK(&sched_lock); } void sched_lock_idle(void) { SIMPLE_LOCK(&sched_lock); } #endif /* MULTIPROCESSOR || LOCKDEBUG */ /* * Make all processes sleeping on the specified identifier runnable. */ void wakeup_n(ident, n) void *ident; int n; { struct slpque *qp; struct proc *p, **q; int s; SCHED_LOCK(s); qp = &slpque[LOOKUP(ident)]; restart: for (q = &qp->sq_head; (p = *q) != NULL; ) { #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC if (p->p_back || (p->p_stat != SSLEEP && p->p_stat != SSTOP)) panic("wakeup"); #endif if (p->p_wchan == ident) { --n; p->p_wchan = 0; *q = p->p_forw; if (qp->sq_tailp == &p->p_forw) qp->sq_tailp = q; if (p->p_stat == SSLEEP) { /* OPTIMIZED EXPANSION OF setrunnable(p); */ if (p->p_slptime > 1) updatepri(p); p->p_slptime = 0; p->p_stat = SRUN; /* * Since curpriority is a user priority, * p->p_priority is always better than * curpriority on the last CPU on * which it ran. * * XXXSMP See affinity comment in * resched_proc(). */ if ((p->p_flag & P_INMEM) != 0) { setrunqueue(p); #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO KASSERT(p->p_cpu != NULL); need_resched(p->p_cpu); #else need_resched(0); #endif } else { wakeup((caddr_t)&proc0); } /* END INLINE EXPANSION */ if (n != 0) goto restart; else break; } } else q = &p->p_forw; } SCHED_UNLOCK(s); } void wakeup(chan) void *chan; { wakeup_n(chan, -1); } /* * General yield call. Puts the current process back on its run queue and * performs a voluntary context switch. */ void yield() { struct proc *p = curproc; int s; SCHED_LOCK(s); p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; setrunqueue(p); p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_nvcsw++; mi_switch(); SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); splx(s); } /* * General preemption call. Puts the current process back on its run queue * and performs an involuntary context switch. If a process is supplied, * we switch to that process. Otherwise, we use the normal process selection * criteria. */ void preempt(newp) struct proc *newp; { struct proc *p = curproc; int s; /* * XXX Switching to a specific process is not supported yet. */ if (newp != NULL) panic("preempt: cpu_preempt not yet implemented"); SCHED_LOCK(s); p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; p->p_stat = SRUN; setrunqueue(p); p->p_stats->p_ru.ru_nivcsw++; mi_switch(); SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); splx(s); } /* * Must be called at splstatclock() or higher. */ void mi_switch() { struct proc *p = curproc; /* XXX */ struct rlimit *rlim; struct timeval tv; #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) int hold_count; #endif #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO struct schedstate_percpu *spc = &p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate; #endif SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) /* * Release the kernel_lock, as we are about to yield the CPU. * The scheduler lock is still held until cpu_switch() * selects a new process and removes it from the run queue. */ if (p->p_flag & P_BIGLOCK) #ifdef notyet hold_count = spinlock_release_all(&kernel_lock); #else hold_count = __mp_release_all(&kernel_lock); #endif #endif /* * Compute the amount of time during which the current * process was running, and add that to its total so far. * XXX - use microuptime here to avoid strangeness. */ microuptime(&tv); #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO if (timercmp(&tv, &spc->spc_runtime, <)) { #if 0 printf("uptime is not monotonic! " "tv=%lu.%06lu, runtime=%lu.%06lu\n", tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec, spc->spc_runtime.tv_sec, spc->spc_runtime.tv_usec); #endif } else { timersub(&tv, &spc->spc_runtime, &tv); timeradd(&p->p_rtime, &tv, &p->p_rtime); } #else if (timercmp(&tv, &runtime, <)) { #if 0 printf("uptime is not monotonic! " "tv=%lu.%06lu, runtime=%lu.%06lu\n", tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec, runtime.tv_sec, runtime.tv_usec); #endif } else { timersub(&tv, &runtime, &tv); timeradd(&p->p_rtime, &tv, &p->p_rtime); } #endif /* * Check if the process exceeds its cpu resource allocation. * If over max, kill it. */ rlim = &p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_CPU]; if ((rlim_t)p->p_rtime.tv_sec >= rlim->rlim_cur) { if ((rlim_t)p->p_rtime.tv_sec >= rlim->rlim_max) { psignal(p, SIGKILL); } else { psignal(p, SIGXCPU); if (rlim->rlim_cur < rlim->rlim_max) rlim->rlim_cur += 5; } } /* * Process is about to yield the CPU; clear the appropriate * scheduling flags. */ #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO spc->spc_schedflags &= ~SPCF_SWITCHCLEAR; #else p->p_schedflags &= ~PSCHED_SWITCHCLEAR; #endif /* * Pick a new current process and record its start time. */ uvmexp.swtch++; cpu_switch(p); /* * Make sure that MD code released the scheduler lock before * resuming us. */ SCHED_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(); /* * We're running again; record our new start time. We might * be running on a new CPU now, so don't use the cache'd * schedstate_percpu pointer. */ #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO KDASSERT(p->p_cpu != NULL); KDASSERT(p->p_cpu == curcpu()); microuptime(&p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime); #else microuptime(&runtime); #endif #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) /* * Reacquire the kernel_lock now. We do this after we've * released the scheduler lock to avoid deadlock, and before * we reacquire the interlock. */ if (p->p_flag & P_BIGLOCK) #ifdef notyet spinlock_acquire_count(&kernel_lock, hold_count); #else __mp_acquire_count(&kernel_lock, hold_count); #endif #endif } /* * Initialize the (doubly-linked) run queues * to be empty. */ void rqinit() { register int i; for (i = 0; i < NQS; i++) qs[i].ph_link = qs[i].ph_rlink = (struct proc *)&qs[i]; SIMPLE_LOCK_INIT(&sched_lock); } static __inline void resched_proc(struct proc *p, u_char pri) { #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO struct cpu_info *ci; #endif /* * XXXSMP * Since p->p_cpu persists across a context switch, * this gives us *very weak* processor affinity, in * that we notify the CPU on which the process last * ran that it should try to switch. * * This does not guarantee that the process will run on * that processor next, because another processor might * grab it the next time it performs a context switch. * * This also does not handle the case where its last * CPU is running a higher-priority process, but every * other CPU is running a lower-priority process. There * are ways to handle this situation, but they're not * currently very pretty, and we also need to weigh the * cost of moving a process from one CPU to another. * * XXXSMP * There is also the issue of locking the other CPU's * sched state, which we currently do not do. */ #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO ci = (p->p_cpu != NULL) ? p->p_cpu : curcpu(); if (pri < ci->ci_schedstate.spc_curpriority) need_resched(ci); #else if (pri < curpriority) need_resched(0); #endif } /* * Change process state to be runnable, * placing it on the run queue if it is in memory, * and awakening the swapper if it isn't in memory. */ void setrunnable(p) register struct proc *p; { SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); switch (p->p_stat) { case 0: case SRUN: case SONPROC: case SZOMB: case SDEAD: default: panic("setrunnable"); case SSTOP: /* * If we're being traced (possibly because someone attached us * while we were stopped), check for a signal from the debugger. */ if ((p->p_flag & P_TRACED) != 0 && p->p_xstat != 0) p->p_siglist |= sigmask(p->p_xstat); case SSLEEP: unsleep(p); /* e.g. when sending signals */ break; case SIDL: break; } p->p_stat = SRUN; if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) setrunqueue(p); if (p->p_slptime > 1) updatepri(p); p->p_slptime = 0; if ((p->p_flag & P_INMEM) == 0) wakeup((caddr_t)&proc0); else resched_proc(p, p->p_priority); } /* * Compute the priority of a process when running in user mode. * Arrange to reschedule if the resulting priority is better * than that of the current process. */ void resetpriority(p) register struct proc *p; { register unsigned int newpriority; SCHED_ASSERT_LOCKED(); newpriority = PUSER + p->p_estcpu + NICE_WEIGHT * (p->p_nice - NZERO); newpriority = min(newpriority, MAXPRI); p->p_usrpri = newpriority; resched_proc(p, p->p_usrpri); } /* * We adjust the priority of the current process. The priority of a process * gets worse as it accumulates CPU time. The cpu usage estimator (p_estcpu) * is increased here. The formula for computing priorities (in kern_synch.c) * will compute a different value each time p_estcpu increases. This can * cause a switch, but unless the priority crosses a PPQ boundary the actual * queue will not change. The cpu usage estimator ramps up quite quickly * when the process is running (linearly), and decays away exponentially, at * a rate which is proportionally slower when the system is busy. The basic * principle is that the system will 90% forget that the process used a lot * of CPU time in 5 * loadav seconds. This causes the system to favor * processes which haven't run much recently, and to round-robin among other * processes. */ void schedclock(p) struct proc *p; { int s; p->p_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(p->p_estcpu + 1); SCHED_LOCK(s); resetpriority(p); SCHED_UNLOCK(s); if (p->p_priority >= PUSER) p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri; } #ifdef DDB #include #include #include void db_show_all_procs(addr, haddr, count, modif) db_expr_t addr; int haddr; db_expr_t count; char *modif; { char *mode; int doingzomb = 0; struct proc *p, *pp; if (modif[0] == 0) modif[0] = 'n'; /* default == normal mode */ mode = "mawn"; while (*mode && *mode != modif[0]) mode++; if (*mode == 0 || *mode == 'm') { db_printf("usage: show all procs [/a] [/n] [/w]\n"); db_printf("\t/a == show process address info\n"); db_printf("\t/n == show normal process info [default]\n"); db_printf("\t/w == show process wait/emul info\n"); return; } p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc); switch (*mode) { case 'a': db_printf(" PID %-10s %18s %18s %18s\n", "COMMAND", "STRUCT PROC *", "UAREA *", "VMSPACE/VM_MAP"); break; case 'n': db_printf(" PID %5s %5s %5s S %10s %-9s %-16s\n", "PPID", "PGRP", "UID", "FLAGS", "WAIT", "COMMAND"); break; case 'w': db_printf(" PID %-16s %-8s %18s %s\n", "COMMAND", "EMUL", "WAIT-CHANNEL", "WAIT-MSG"); break; } while (p != 0) { pp = p->p_pptr; if (p->p_stat) { db_printf("%c%5d ", p == curproc ? '*' : ' ', p->p_pid); switch (*mode) { case 'a': db_printf("%-10.10s %18p %18p %18p\n", p->p_comm, p, p->p_addr, p->p_vmspace); break; case 'n': db_printf("%5d %5d %5d %d %#10x " "%-9.9s %-16s\n", pp ? pp->p_pid : -1, p->p_pgrp->pg_id, p->p_cred->p_ruid, p->p_stat, p->p_flag, (p->p_wchan && p->p_wmesg) ? p->p_wmesg : "", p->p_comm); break; case 'w': db_printf("%-16s %-8s %18p %s\n", p->p_comm, p->p_emul->e_name, p->p_wchan, (p->p_wchan && p->p_wmesg) ? p->p_wmesg : ""); break; } } p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list); if (p == 0 && doingzomb == 0) { doingzomb = 1; p = LIST_FIRST(&zombproc); } } } #endif