/* $OpenBSD: sys_process.c,v 1.44 2010/01/28 19:23:06 guenther Exp $ */ /* $NetBSD: sys_process.c,v 1.55 1996/05/15 06:17:47 tls Exp $ */ /*- * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved. * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * from: @(#)sys_process.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/10/93 */ /* * References: * (1) Bach's "The Design of the UNIX Operating System", * (2) sys/miscfs/procfs from UCB's 4.4BSD-Lite distribution, * (3) the "4.4BSD Programmer's Reference Manual" published * by USENIX and O'Reilly & Associates. * The 4.4BSD PRM does a reasonably good job of documenting what the various * ptrace() requests should actually do, and its text is quoted several times * in this file. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include int process_auxv_offset(struct proc *, struct proc *, struct uio *); #ifdef PTRACE /* * Process debugging system call. */ int sys_ptrace(struct proc *p, void *v, register_t *retval) { struct sys_ptrace_args /* { syscallarg(int) req; syscallarg(pid_t) pid; syscallarg(caddr_t) addr; syscallarg(int) data; } */ *uap = v; struct proc *t; /* target process */ struct uio uio; struct iovec iov; struct ptrace_io_desc piod; struct ptrace_event pe; struct reg *regs; #if defined (PT_SETFPREGS) || defined (PT_GETFPREGS) struct fpreg *fpregs; #endif #if defined (PT_SETXMMREGS) || defined (PT_GETXMMREGS) struct xmmregs *xmmregs; #endif #ifdef PT_WCOOKIE register_t wcookie; #endif int error, write; int temp; int req; int s; /* "A foolish consistency..." XXX */ if (SCARG(uap, req) == PT_TRACE_ME) t = p; else { /* Find the process we're supposed to be operating on. */ if ((t = pfind(SCARG(uap, pid))) == NULL) return (ESRCH); } if ((t->p_flag & P_INEXEC) != 0) return (EAGAIN); /* Make sure we can operate on it. */ switch (SCARG(uap, req)) { case PT_TRACE_ME: /* Saying that you're being traced is always legal. */ break; case PT_ATTACH: /* * You can't attach to a process if: * (1) it's the process that's doing the attaching, */ if (t->p_pid == p->p_pid) return (EINVAL); /* * (2) it's a system process */ if (ISSET(t->p_flag, P_SYSTEM)) return (EPERM); /* * (3) it's already being traced, or */ if (ISSET(t->p_flag, P_TRACED)) return (EBUSY); /* * (4) it's not owned by you, or the last exec * gave us setuid/setgid privs (unless * you're root), or... * * [Note: once P_SUGID or P_SUGIDEXEC gets set in * execve(), they stay set until the process does * another execve(). Hence this prevents a setuid * process which revokes its special privileges using * setuid() from being traced. This is good security.] */ if ((t->p_cred->p_ruid != p->p_cred->p_ruid || ISSET(t->p_flag, P_SUGIDEXEC) || ISSET(t->p_flag, P_SUGID)) && (error = suser(p, 0)) != 0) return (error); /* * (5) ...it's init, which controls the security level * of the entire system, and the system was not * compiled with permanently insecure mode turned * on. */ if ((t->p_pid == 1) && (securelevel > -1)) return (EPERM); /* * (6) it's an ancestor of the current process and * not init (because that would create a loop in * the process graph). */ if (t->p_pid != 1 && inferior(p, t)) return (EINVAL); break; case PT_READ_I: case PT_READ_D: case PT_WRITE_I: case PT_WRITE_D: case PT_IO: case PT_CONTINUE: case PT_KILL: case PT_DETACH: #ifdef PT_STEP case PT_STEP: #endif case PT_SET_EVENT_MASK: case PT_GET_EVENT_MASK: case PT_GET_PROCESS_STATE: case PT_GETREGS: case PT_SETREGS: #ifdef PT_GETFPREGS case PT_GETFPREGS: #endif #ifdef PT_SETFPREGS case PT_SETFPREGS: #endif #ifdef PT_GETXMMREGS case PT_GETXMMREGS: #endif #ifdef PT_SETXMMREGS case PT_SETXMMREGS: #endif #ifdef PT_WCOOKIE case PT_WCOOKIE: #endif /* * You can't do what you want to the process if: * (1) It's not being traced at all, */ if (!ISSET(t->p_flag, P_TRACED)) return (EPERM); /* * (2) it's not being traced by _you_, or */ if (t->p_pptr != p) return (EBUSY); /* * (3) it's not currently stopped. */ if (t->p_stat != SSTOP || !ISSET(t->p_flag, P_WAITED)) return (EBUSY); break; default: /* It was not a legal request. */ return (EINVAL); } /* Do single-step fixup if needed. */ FIX_SSTEP(t); /* Now do the operation. */ write = 0; *retval = 0; switch (SCARG(uap, req)) { case PT_TRACE_ME: /* Just set the trace flag. */ atomic_setbits_int(&t->p_flag, P_TRACED); t->p_oppid = t->p_pptr->p_pid; if (t->p_ptstat == NULL) t->p_ptstat = malloc(sizeof(*t->p_ptstat), M_SUBPROC, M_WAITOK); bzero(t->p_ptstat, sizeof(*t->p_ptstat)); return (0); case PT_WRITE_I: /* XXX no separate I and D spaces */ case PT_WRITE_D: write = 1; temp = SCARG(uap, data); case PT_READ_I: /* XXX no separate I and D spaces */ case PT_READ_D: /* write = 0 done above. */ iov.iov_base = (caddr_t)&temp; iov.iov_len = sizeof(int); uio.uio_iov = &iov; uio.uio_iovcnt = 1; uio.uio_offset = (off_t)(long)SCARG(uap, addr); uio.uio_resid = sizeof(int); uio.uio_segflg = UIO_SYSSPACE; uio.uio_rw = write ? UIO_WRITE : UIO_READ; uio.uio_procp = p; error = process_domem(p, t, &uio, write ? PT_WRITE_I : PT_READ_I); if (write == 0) *retval = temp; return (error); case PT_IO: error = copyin(SCARG(uap, addr), &piod, sizeof(piod)); if (error) return (error); iov.iov_base = piod.piod_addr; iov.iov_len = piod.piod_len; uio.uio_iov = &iov; uio.uio_iovcnt = 1; uio.uio_offset = (off_t)(long)piod.piod_offs; uio.uio_resid = piod.piod_len; uio.uio_segflg = UIO_USERSPACE; uio.uio_procp = p; switch (piod.piod_op) { case PIOD_READ_I: req = PT_READ_I; uio.uio_rw = UIO_READ; break; case PIOD_READ_D: req = PT_READ_D; uio.uio_rw = UIO_READ; break; case PIOD_WRITE_I: req = PT_WRITE_I; uio.uio_rw = UIO_WRITE; break; case PIOD_WRITE_D: req = PT_WRITE_D; uio.uio_rw = UIO_WRITE; break; case PIOD_READ_AUXV: req = PT_READ_D; uio.uio_rw = UIO_READ; temp = t->p_emul->e_arglen * sizeof(char *); if (uio.uio_offset > temp) return (EIO); if (uio.uio_resid > temp - uio.uio_offset) uio.uio_resid = temp - uio.uio_offset; piod.piod_len = iov.iov_len = uio.uio_resid; error = process_auxv_offset(p, t, &uio); if (error) return (error); break; default: return (EINVAL); } error = process_domem(p, t, &uio, req); piod.piod_len -= uio.uio_resid; (void) copyout(&piod, SCARG(uap, addr), sizeof(piod)); return (error); #ifdef PT_STEP case PT_STEP: /* * From the 4.4BSD PRM: * "Execution continues as in request PT_CONTINUE; however * as soon as possible after execution of at least one * instruction, execution stops again. [ ... ]" */ #endif case PT_CONTINUE: /* * From the 4.4BSD PRM: * "The data argument is taken as a signal number and the * child's execution continues at location addr as if it * incurred that signal. Normally the signal number will * be either 0 to indicate that the signal that caused the * stop should be ignored, or that value fetched out of * the process's image indicating which signal caused * the stop. If addr is (int *)1 then execution continues * from where it stopped." */ /* Check that the data is a valid signal number or zero. */ if (SCARG(uap, data) < 0 || SCARG(uap, data) >= NSIG) return (EINVAL); /* If the address parameter is not (int *)1, set the pc. */ if ((int *)SCARG(uap, addr) != (int *)1) if ((error = process_set_pc(t, SCARG(uap, addr))) != 0) goto relebad; #ifdef PT_STEP /* * Arrange for a single-step, if that's requested and possible. */ error = process_sstep(t, SCARG(uap, req) == PT_STEP); if (error) goto relebad; #endif goto sendsig; case PT_DETACH: /* * From the 4.4BSD PRM: * "The data argument is taken as a signal number and the * child's execution continues at location addr as if it * incurred that signal. Normally the signal number will * be either 0 to indicate that the signal that caused the * stop should be ignored, or that value fetched out of * the process's image indicating which signal caused * the stop. If addr is (int *)1 then execution continues * from where it stopped." */ /* Check that the data is a valid signal number or zero. */ if (SCARG(uap, data) < 0 || SCARG(uap, data) >= NSIG) return (EINVAL); #ifdef PT_STEP /* * Arrange for a single-step, if that's requested and possible. */ error = process_sstep(t, SCARG(uap, req) == PT_STEP); if (error) goto relebad; #endif /* give process back to original parent or init */ if (t->p_oppid != t->p_pptr->p_pid) { struct proc *pp; pp = pfind(t->p_oppid); proc_reparent(t, pp ? pp : initproc); } /* not being traced any more */ t->p_oppid = 0; atomic_clearbits_int(&t->p_flag, P_TRACED|P_WAITED); sendsig: bzero(t->p_ptstat, sizeof(*t->p_ptstat)); /* Finally, deliver the requested signal (or none). */ if (t->p_stat == SSTOP) { t->p_xstat = SCARG(uap, data); SCHED_LOCK(s); setrunnable(t); SCHED_UNLOCK(s); } else { if (SCARG(uap, data) != 0) psignal(t, SCARG(uap, data)); } return (0); relebad: return (error); case PT_KILL: /* just send the process a KILL signal. */ SCARG(uap, data) = SIGKILL; goto sendsig; /* in PT_CONTINUE, above. */ case PT_ATTACH: /* * As done in procfs: * Go ahead and set the trace flag. * Save the old parent (it's reset in * _DETACH, and also in kern_exit.c:wait4() * Reparent the process so that the tracing * proc gets to see all the action. * Stop the target. */ atomic_setbits_int(&t->p_flag, P_TRACED); t->p_oppid = t->p_pptr->p_pid; if (t->p_pptr != p) proc_reparent(t, p); if (t->p_ptstat == NULL) t->p_ptstat = malloc(sizeof(*t->p_ptstat), M_SUBPROC, M_WAITOK); SCARG(uap, data) = SIGSTOP; goto sendsig; case PT_GET_EVENT_MASK: if (SCARG(uap, data) != sizeof(pe)) return (EINVAL); bzero(&pe, sizeof(pe)); pe.pe_set_event = t->p_ptmask; return (copyout(&pe, SCARG(uap, addr), sizeof(pe))); case PT_SET_EVENT_MASK: if (SCARG(uap, data) != sizeof(pe)) return (EINVAL); if ((error = copyin(SCARG(uap, addr), &pe, sizeof(pe)))) return (error); t->p_ptmask = pe.pe_set_event; return (0); case PT_GET_PROCESS_STATE: if (SCARG(uap, data) != sizeof(*t->p_ptstat)) return (EINVAL); return (copyout(t->p_ptstat, SCARG(uap, addr), sizeof(*t->p_ptstat))); case PT_SETREGS: KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_SYSTEM) == 0); if ((error = process_checkioperm(p, t)) != 0) return (error); regs = malloc(sizeof(*regs), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); error = copyin(SCARG(uap, addr), regs, sizeof(*regs)); if (error == 0) { error = process_write_regs(t, regs); } free(regs, M_TEMP); return (error); case PT_GETREGS: KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_SYSTEM) == 0); if ((error = process_checkioperm(p, t)) != 0) return (error); regs = malloc(sizeof(*regs), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); error = process_read_regs(t, regs); if (error == 0) error = copyout(regs, SCARG(uap, addr), sizeof (*regs)); free(regs, M_TEMP); return (error); #ifdef PT_SETFPREGS case PT_SETFPREGS: KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_SYSTEM) == 0); if ((error = process_checkioperm(p, t)) != 0) return (error); fpregs = malloc(sizeof(*fpregs), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); error = copyin(SCARG(uap, addr), fpregs, sizeof(*fpregs)); if (error == 0) { error = process_write_fpregs(t, fpregs); } free(fpregs, M_TEMP); return (error); #endif #ifdef PT_GETFPREGS case PT_GETFPREGS: KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_SYSTEM) == 0); if ((error = process_checkioperm(p, t)) != 0) return (error); fpregs = malloc(sizeof(*fpregs), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); error = process_read_fpregs(t, fpregs); if (error == 0) error = copyout(fpregs, SCARG(uap, addr), sizeof(*fpregs)); free(fpregs, M_TEMP); return (error); #endif #ifdef PT_SETXMMREGS case PT_SETXMMREGS: KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_SYSTEM) == 0); if ((error = process_checkioperm(p, t)) != 0) return (error); xmmregs = malloc(sizeof(*xmmregs), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); error = copyin(SCARG(uap, addr), xmmregs, sizeof(*xmmregs)); if (error == 0) { error = process_write_xmmregs(t, xmmregs); } free(xmmregs, M_TEMP); return (error); #endif #ifdef PT_GETXMMREGS case PT_GETXMMREGS: KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_SYSTEM) == 0); if ((error = process_checkioperm(p, t)) != 0) return (error); xmmregs = malloc(sizeof(*xmmregs), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); error = process_read_xmmregs(t, xmmregs); if (error == 0) error = copyout(xmmregs, SCARG(uap, addr), sizeof(*xmmregs)); free(xmmregs, M_TEMP); return (error); #endif #ifdef PT_WCOOKIE case PT_WCOOKIE: wcookie = process_get_wcookie (t); return (copyout(&wcookie, SCARG(uap, addr), sizeof (register_t))); #endif } #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC panic("ptrace: impossible"); #endif return 0; } #endif /* PTRACE */ /* * Check if a process is allowed to fiddle with the memory of another. * * p = tracer * t = tracee * * 1. You can't attach to a process not owned by you or one that has raised * its privileges. * 1a. ...unless you are root. * * 2. init is always off-limits because it can control the securelevel. * 2a. ...unless securelevel is permanently set to insecure. * * 3. Processes that are in the process of doing an exec() are always * off-limits because of the can of worms they are. Just wait a * second. */ int process_checkioperm(struct proc *p, struct proc *t) { int error; if ((t->p_cred->p_ruid != p->p_cred->p_ruid || ISSET(t->p_flag, P_SUGIDEXEC) || ISSET(t->p_flag, P_SUGID)) && (error = suser(p, 0)) != 0) return (error); if ((t->p_pid == 1) && (securelevel > -1)) return (EPERM); if (t->p_flag & P_INEXEC) return (EAGAIN); return (0); } int process_domem(struct proc *curp, struct proc *p, struct uio *uio, int req) { struct vmspace *vm; int error; vaddr_t addr; vsize_t len; len = uio->uio_resid; if (len == 0) return (0); if ((error = process_checkioperm(curp, p)) != 0) return (error); /* XXXCDC: how should locking work here? */ if ((p->p_flag & P_WEXIT) || (p->p_vmspace->vm_refcnt < 1)) return(EFAULT); addr = uio->uio_offset; vm = p->p_vmspace; vm->vm_refcnt++; error = uvm_io(&vm->vm_map, uio, (req == PT_WRITE_I) ? UVM_IO_FIXPROT : 0); uvmspace_free(vm); if (error == 0 && req == PT_WRITE_I) pmap_proc_iflush(p, addr, len); return (error); } #ifdef PTRACE int process_auxv_offset(struct proc *curp, struct proc *p, struct uio *uiop) { struct ps_strings pss; struct iovec iov; struct uio uio; int error; iov.iov_base = &pss; iov.iov_len = sizeof(pss); uio.uio_iov = &iov; uio.uio_iovcnt = 1; uio.uio_offset = (off_t)PS_STRINGS; uio.uio_resid = sizeof(pss); uio.uio_segflg = UIO_SYSSPACE; uio.uio_rw = UIO_READ; uio.uio_procp = curp; if ((error = uvm_io(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &uio, 0)) != 0) return (error); if (pss.ps_envstr == NULL) return (EIO); uiop->uio_offset += (off_t)(long)(pss.ps_envstr + pss.ps_nenvstr + 1); #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP if (uiop->uio_offset < (off_t)PS_STRINGS) return (EIO); #else if (uiop->uio_offset > (off_t)PS_STRINGS) return (EIO); if ((uiop->uio_offset + uiop->uio_resid) > (off_t)PS_STRINGS) uiop->uio_resid = (off_t)PS_STRINGS - uiop->uio_offset; #endif return (0); } #endif