/* $OpenBSD: ieee80211_crypto.c,v 1.60 2011/01/11 15:42:05 deraadt Exp $ */ /*- * Copyright (c) 2008 Damien Bergamini * * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef INET #include #include #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include void ieee80211_prf(const u_int8_t *, size_t, const u_int8_t *, size_t, const u_int8_t *, size_t, u_int8_t *, size_t); void ieee80211_kdf(const u_int8_t *, size_t, const u_int8_t *, size_t, const u_int8_t *, size_t, u_int8_t *, size_t); void ieee80211_derive_pmkid(enum ieee80211_akm, const u_int8_t *, const u_int8_t *, const u_int8_t *, u_int8_t *); void ieee80211_crypto_attach(struct ifnet *ifp) { struct ieee80211com *ic = (void *)ifp; TAILQ_INIT(&ic->ic_pmksa); if (ic->ic_caps & IEEE80211_C_RSN) { ic->ic_rsnprotos = IEEE80211_PROTO_WPA | IEEE80211_PROTO_RSN; ic->ic_rsnakms = IEEE80211_AKM_PSK; ic->ic_rsnciphers = IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP | IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP; ic->ic_rsngroupcipher = IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP; ic->ic_rsngroupmgmtcipher = IEEE80211_CIPHER_BIP; } ic->ic_set_key = ieee80211_set_key; ic->ic_delete_key = ieee80211_delete_key; } void ieee80211_crypto_detach(struct ifnet *ifp) { struct ieee80211com *ic = (void *)ifp; struct ieee80211_pmk *pmk; int i; /* purge the PMKSA cache */ while ((pmk = TAILQ_FIRST(&ic->ic_pmksa)) != NULL) { TAILQ_REMOVE(&ic->ic_pmksa, pmk, pmk_next); explicit_bzero(pmk, sizeof(*pmk)); free(pmk, M_DEVBUF); } /* clear all group keys from memory */ for (i = 0; i < IEEE80211_GROUP_NKID; i++) { struct ieee80211_key *k = &ic->ic_nw_keys[i]; if (k->k_cipher != IEEE80211_CIPHER_NONE) (*ic->ic_delete_key)(ic, NULL, k); explicit_bzero(k, sizeof(*k)); } /* clear pre-shared key from memory */ explicit_bzero(ic->ic_psk, IEEE80211_PMK_LEN); } /* * Return the length in bytes of a cipher suite key (see Table 60). */ int ieee80211_cipher_keylen(enum ieee80211_cipher cipher) { switch (cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: return 5; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: return 32; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: return 16; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: return 13; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_BIP: return 16; default: /* unknown cipher */ return 0; } } int ieee80211_set_key(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_node *ni, struct ieee80211_key *k) { int error; switch (k->k_cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: error = ieee80211_wep_set_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: error = ieee80211_tkip_set_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: error = ieee80211_ccmp_set_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_BIP: error = ieee80211_bip_set_key(ic, k); break; default: /* should not get there */ error = EINVAL; } return error; } void ieee80211_delete_key(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_node *ni, struct ieee80211_key *k) { switch (k->k_cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: ieee80211_wep_delete_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: ieee80211_tkip_delete_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: ieee80211_ccmp_delete_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_BIP: ieee80211_bip_delete_key(ic, k); break; default: /* should not get there */ break; } explicit_bzero(k, sizeof(*k)); } struct ieee80211_key * ieee80211_get_txkey(struct ieee80211com *ic, const struct ieee80211_frame *wh, struct ieee80211_node *ni) { int kid; if ((ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_RSNON) && !IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) && ni->ni_rsncipher != IEEE80211_CIPHER_USEGROUP) return &ni->ni_pairwise_key; if (!IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) || (wh->i_fc[0] & IEEE80211_FC0_TYPE_MASK) != IEEE80211_FC0_TYPE_MGT) kid = ic->ic_def_txkey; else kid = ic->ic_igtk_kid; return &ic->ic_nw_keys[kid]; } struct mbuf * ieee80211_encrypt(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct mbuf *m0, struct ieee80211_key *k) { switch (k->k_cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: m0 = ieee80211_wep_encrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: m0 = ieee80211_tkip_encrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: m0 = ieee80211_ccmp_encrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_BIP: m0 = ieee80211_bip_encap(ic, m0, k); break; default: /* should not get there */ m_freem(m0); m0 = NULL; } return m0; } struct mbuf * ieee80211_decrypt(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct mbuf *m0, struct ieee80211_node *ni) { struct ieee80211_frame *wh; struct ieee80211_key *k; u_int8_t *ivp, *mmie; u_int16_t kid; int hdrlen; /* find key for decryption */ wh = mtod(m0, struct ieee80211_frame *); if ((ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_RSNON) && !IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) && ni->ni_rsncipher != IEEE80211_CIPHER_USEGROUP) { k = &ni->ni_pairwise_key; } else if (!IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) || (wh->i_fc[0] & IEEE80211_FC0_TYPE_MASK) != IEEE80211_FC0_TYPE_MGT) { /* retrieve group data key id from IV field */ hdrlen = ieee80211_get_hdrlen(wh); /* check that IV field is present */ if (m0->m_len < hdrlen + 4) { m_freem(m0); return NULL; } ivp = (u_int8_t *)wh + hdrlen; kid = ivp[3] >> 6; k = &ic->ic_nw_keys[kid]; } else { /* retrieve integrity group key id from MMIE */ if (m0->m_len < sizeof(*wh) + IEEE80211_MMIE_LEN) { m_freem(m0); return NULL; } /* it is assumed management frames are contiguous */ mmie = (u_int8_t *)wh + m0->m_len - IEEE80211_MMIE_LEN; /* check that MMIE is valid */ if (mmie[0] != IEEE80211_ELEMID_MMIE || mmie[1] != 16) { m_freem(m0); return NULL; } kid = LE_READ_2(&mmie[2]); if (kid != 4 && kid != 5) { m_freem(m0); return NULL; } k = &ic->ic_nw_keys[kid]; } switch (k->k_cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: m0 = ieee80211_wep_decrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: m0 = ieee80211_tkip_decrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: m0 = ieee80211_ccmp_decrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_BIP: m0 = ieee80211_bip_decap(ic, m0, k); break; default: /* key not defined */ m_freem(m0); m0 = NULL; } return m0; } /* * SHA1-based Pseudo-Random Function (see 8.5.1.1). */ void ieee80211_prf(const u_int8_t *key, size_t key_len, const u_int8_t *label, size_t label_len, const u_int8_t *context, size_t context_len, u_int8_t *output, size_t len) { HMAC_SHA1_CTX ctx; u_int8_t digest[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH]; u_int8_t count; for (count = 0; len != 0; count++) { HMAC_SHA1_Init(&ctx, key, key_len); HMAC_SHA1_Update(&ctx, label, label_len); HMAC_SHA1_Update(&ctx, context, context_len); HMAC_SHA1_Update(&ctx, &count, 1); if (len < SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH) { HMAC_SHA1_Final(digest, &ctx); /* truncate HMAC-SHA1 to len bytes */ memcpy(output, digest, len); break; } HMAC_SHA1_Final(output, &ctx); output += SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH; len -= SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH; } } /* * SHA256-based Key Derivation Function (see 8.5.1.5.2). */ void ieee80211_kdf(const u_int8_t *key, size_t key_len, const u_int8_t *label, size_t label_len, const u_int8_t *context, size_t context_len, u_int8_t *output, size_t len) { HMAC_SHA256_CTX ctx; u_int8_t digest[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH]; u_int16_t i, iter, length; length = htole16(len * NBBY); for (i = 1; len != 0; i++) { HMAC_SHA256_Init(&ctx, key, key_len); iter = htole16(i); HMAC_SHA256_Update(&ctx, (u_int8_t *)&iter, sizeof iter); HMAC_SHA256_Update(&ctx, label, label_len); HMAC_SHA256_Update(&ctx, context, context_len); HMAC_SHA256_Update(&ctx, (u_int8_t *)&length, sizeof length); if (len < SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH) { HMAC_SHA256_Final(digest, &ctx); /* truncate HMAC-SHA-256 to len bytes */ memcpy(output, digest, len); break; } HMAC_SHA256_Final(output, &ctx); output += SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH; len -= SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH; } } /* * Derive Pairwise Transient Key (PTK) (see 8.5.1.2). */ void ieee80211_derive_ptk(enum ieee80211_akm akm, const u_int8_t *pmk, const u_int8_t *aa, const u_int8_t *spa, const u_int8_t *anonce, const u_int8_t *snonce, struct ieee80211_ptk *ptk) { void (*kdf)(const u_int8_t *, size_t, const u_int8_t *, size_t, const u_int8_t *, size_t, u_int8_t *, size_t); u_int8_t buf[2 * IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN + 2 * EAPOL_KEY_NONCE_LEN]; int ret; /* Min(AA,SPA) || Max(AA,SPA) */ ret = memcmp(aa, spa, IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN) < 0; memcpy(&buf[ 0], ret ? aa : spa, IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN); memcpy(&buf[ 6], ret ? spa : aa, IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN); /* Min(ANonce,SNonce) || Max(ANonce,SNonce) */ ret = memcmp(anonce, snonce, EAPOL_KEY_NONCE_LEN) < 0; memcpy(&buf[12], ret ? anonce : snonce, EAPOL_KEY_NONCE_LEN); memcpy(&buf[44], ret ? snonce : anonce, EAPOL_KEY_NONCE_LEN); kdf = ieee80211_is_sha256_akm(akm) ? ieee80211_kdf : ieee80211_prf; (*kdf)(pmk, IEEE80211_PMK_LEN, "Pairwise key expansion", 23, buf, sizeof buf, (u_int8_t *)ptk, sizeof(*ptk)); } static void ieee80211_pmkid_sha1(const u_int8_t *pmk, const u_int8_t *aa, const u_int8_t *spa, u_int8_t *pmkid) { HMAC_SHA1_CTX ctx; u_int8_t digest[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH]; HMAC_SHA1_Init(&ctx, pmk, IEEE80211_PMK_LEN); HMAC_SHA1_Update(&ctx, "PMK Name", 8); HMAC_SHA1_Update(&ctx, aa, IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN); HMAC_SHA1_Update(&ctx, spa, IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN); HMAC_SHA1_Final(digest, &ctx); /* use the first 128 bits of HMAC-SHA1 */ memcpy(pmkid, digest, IEEE80211_PMKID_LEN); } static void ieee80211_pmkid_sha256(const u_int8_t *pmk, const u_int8_t *aa, const u_int8_t *spa, u_int8_t *pmkid) { HMAC_SHA256_CTX ctx; u_int8_t digest[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH]; HMAC_SHA256_Init(&ctx, pmk, IEEE80211_PMK_LEN); HMAC_SHA256_Update(&ctx, "PMK Name", 8); HMAC_SHA256_Update(&ctx, aa, IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN); HMAC_SHA256_Update(&ctx, spa, IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN); HMAC_SHA256_Final(digest, &ctx); /* use the first 128 bits of HMAC-SHA-256 */ memcpy(pmkid, digest, IEEE80211_PMKID_LEN); } /* * Derive Pairwise Master Key Identifier (PMKID) (see 8.5.1.2). */ void ieee80211_derive_pmkid(enum ieee80211_akm akm, const u_int8_t *pmk, const u_int8_t *aa, const u_int8_t *spa, u_int8_t *pmkid) { if (ieee80211_is_sha256_akm(akm)) ieee80211_pmkid_sha256(pmk, aa, spa, pmkid); else ieee80211_pmkid_sha1(pmk, aa, spa, pmkid); } typedef union _ANY_CTX { HMAC_MD5_CTX md5; HMAC_SHA1_CTX sha1; AES_CMAC_CTX cmac; } ANY_CTX; /* * Compute the Key MIC field of an EAPOL-Key frame using the specified Key * Confirmation Key (KCK). The hash function can be HMAC-MD5, HMAC-SHA1 * or AES-128-CMAC depending on the EAPOL-Key Key Descriptor Version. */ void ieee80211_eapol_key_mic(struct ieee80211_eapol_key *key, const u_int8_t *kck) { u_int8_t digest[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH]; ANY_CTX ctx; /* XXX off stack? */ u_int len; len = BE_READ_2(key->len) + 4; switch (BE_READ_2(key->info) & EAPOL_KEY_VERSION_MASK) { case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V1: HMAC_MD5_Init(&ctx.md5, kck, 16); HMAC_MD5_Update(&ctx.md5, (u_int8_t *)key, len); HMAC_MD5_Final(key->mic, &ctx.md5); break; case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V2: HMAC_SHA1_Init(&ctx.sha1, kck, 16); HMAC_SHA1_Update(&ctx.sha1, (u_int8_t *)key, len); HMAC_SHA1_Final(digest, &ctx.sha1); /* truncate HMAC-SHA1 to its 128 MSBs */ memcpy(key->mic, digest, EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN); break; case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V3: AES_CMAC_Init(&ctx.cmac); AES_CMAC_SetKey(&ctx.cmac, kck); AES_CMAC_Update(&ctx.cmac, (u_int8_t *)key, len); AES_CMAC_Final(key->mic, &ctx.cmac); break; } } /* * Check the MIC of a received EAPOL-Key frame using the specified Key * Confirmation Key (KCK). */ int ieee80211_eapol_key_check_mic(struct ieee80211_eapol_key *key, const u_int8_t *kck) { u_int8_t mic[EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN]; memcpy(mic, key->mic, EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN); memset(key->mic, 0, EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN); ieee80211_eapol_key_mic(key, kck); return timingsafe_bcmp(key->mic, mic, EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN) != 0; } #ifndef IEEE80211_STA_ONLY /* * Encrypt the Key Data field of an EAPOL-Key frame using the specified Key * Encryption Key (KEK). The encryption algorithm can be either ARC4 or * AES Key Wrap depending on the EAPOL-Key Key Descriptor Version. */ void ieee80211_eapol_key_encrypt(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_eapol_key *key, const u_int8_t *kek) { union { struct rc4_ctx rc4; aes_key_wrap_ctx aes; } ctx; /* XXX off stack? */ u_int8_t keybuf[EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN + 16]; u_int16_t len, info; u_int8_t *data; int n; len = BE_READ_2(key->paylen); info = BE_READ_2(key->info); data = (u_int8_t *)(key + 1); switch (info & EAPOL_KEY_VERSION_MASK) { case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V1: /* set IV to the lower 16 octets of our global key counter */ memcpy(key->iv, ic->ic_globalcnt + 16, 16); /* increment our global key counter (256-bit, big-endian) */ for (n = 31; n >= 0 && ++ic->ic_globalcnt[n] == 0; n--); /* concatenate the EAPOL-Key IV field and the KEK */ memcpy(keybuf, key->iv, EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN); memcpy(keybuf + EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN, kek, 16); rc4_keysetup(&ctx.rc4, keybuf, sizeof keybuf); /* discard the first 256 octets of the ARC4 key stream */ rc4_skip(&ctx.rc4, RC4STATE); rc4_crypt(&ctx.rc4, data, data, len); break; case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V2: case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V3: if (len < 16 || (len & 7) != 0) { /* insert padding */ n = (len < 16) ? 16 - len : 8 - (len & 7); data[len++] = IEEE80211_ELEMID_VENDOR; memset(&data[len], 0, n - 1); len += n - 1; } aes_key_wrap_set_key_wrap_only(&ctx.aes, kek, 16); aes_key_wrap(&ctx.aes, data, len / 8, data); len += 8; /* AES Key Wrap adds 8 bytes */ /* update key data length */ BE_WRITE_2(key->paylen, len); /* update packet body length */ BE_WRITE_2(key->len, sizeof(*key) + len - 4); break; } } #endif /* IEEE80211_STA_ONLY */ /* * Decrypt the Key Data field of an EAPOL-Key frame using the specified Key * Encryption Key (KEK). The encryption algorithm can be either ARC4 or * AES Key Wrap depending on the EAPOL-Key Key Descriptor Version. */ int ieee80211_eapol_key_decrypt(struct ieee80211_eapol_key *key, const u_int8_t *kek) { union { struct rc4_ctx rc4; aes_key_wrap_ctx aes; } ctx; /* XXX off stack? */ u_int8_t keybuf[EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN + 16]; u_int16_t len, info; u_int8_t *data; len = BE_READ_2(key->paylen); info = BE_READ_2(key->info); data = (u_int8_t *)(key + 1); switch (info & EAPOL_KEY_VERSION_MASK) { case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V1: /* concatenate the EAPOL-Key IV field and the KEK */ memcpy(keybuf, key->iv, EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN); memcpy(keybuf + EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN, kek, 16); rc4_keysetup(&ctx.rc4, keybuf, sizeof keybuf); /* discard the first 256 octets of the ARC4 key stream */ rc4_skip(&ctx.rc4, RC4STATE); rc4_crypt(&ctx.rc4, data, data, len); return 0; case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V2: case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V3: /* Key Data Length must be a multiple of 8 */ if (len < 16 + 8 || (len & 7) != 0) return 1; len -= 8; /* AES Key Wrap adds 8 bytes */ aes_key_wrap_set_key(&ctx.aes, kek, 16); return aes_key_unwrap(&ctx.aes, data, data, len / 8); } return 1; /* unknown Key Descriptor Version */ } /* * Add a PMK entry to the PMKSA cache. */ struct ieee80211_pmk * ieee80211_pmksa_add(struct ieee80211com *ic, enum ieee80211_akm akm, const u_int8_t *macaddr, const u_int8_t *key, u_int32_t lifetime) { struct ieee80211_pmk *pmk; /* check if an entry already exists for this (STA,AKMP) */ TAILQ_FOREACH(pmk, &ic->ic_pmksa, pmk_next) { if (pmk->pmk_akm == akm && IEEE80211_ADDR_EQ(pmk->pmk_macaddr, macaddr)) break; } if (pmk == NULL) { /* allocate a new PMKSA entry */ if ((pmk = malloc(sizeof(*pmk), M_DEVBUF, M_NOWAIT)) == NULL) return NULL; pmk->pmk_akm = akm; IEEE80211_ADDR_COPY(pmk->pmk_macaddr, macaddr); TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ic->ic_pmksa, pmk, pmk_next); } memcpy(pmk->pmk_key, key, IEEE80211_PMK_LEN); pmk->pmk_lifetime = lifetime; /* XXX not used yet */ #ifndef IEEE80211_STA_ONLY if (ic->ic_opmode == IEEE80211_M_HOSTAP) { ieee80211_derive_pmkid(pmk->pmk_akm, pmk->pmk_key, ic->ic_myaddr, macaddr, pmk->pmk_pmkid); } else #endif { ieee80211_derive_pmkid(pmk->pmk_akm, pmk->pmk_key, macaddr, ic->ic_myaddr, pmk->pmk_pmkid); } return pmk; } /* * Check if we have a cached PMK entry for the specified node and PMKID. */ struct ieee80211_pmk * ieee80211_pmksa_find(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_node *ni, const u_int8_t *pmkid) { struct ieee80211_pmk *pmk; TAILQ_FOREACH(pmk, &ic->ic_pmksa, pmk_next) { if (pmk->pmk_akm == ni->ni_rsnakms && IEEE80211_ADDR_EQ(pmk->pmk_macaddr, ni->ni_macaddr) && (pmkid == NULL || memcmp(pmk->pmk_pmkid, pmkid, IEEE80211_PMKID_LEN) == 0)) break; } return pmk; }