/* $OpenBSD: ieee80211_crypto.c,v 1.41 2008/04/26 20:03:34 damien Exp $ */ /*- * Copyright (c) 2008 Damien Bergamini * * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef INET #include #include #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include /* similar to iovec except that it accepts const pointers */ struct vector { const void *base; size_t len; }; void ieee80211_prf(const u_int8_t *, size_t, struct vector *, int, u_int8_t *, size_t); void ieee80211_derive_pmkid(const u_int8_t *, size_t, const u_int8_t *, const u_int8_t *, u_int8_t *); void ieee80211_crypto_attach(struct ifnet *ifp) { struct ieee80211com *ic = (void *)ifp; if (ic->ic_caps & IEEE80211_C_RSN) { ic->ic_rsnprotos = IEEE80211_PROTO_WPA | IEEE80211_PROTO_RSN; ic->ic_rsnakms = IEEE80211_AKM_PSK | IEEE80211_AKM_IEEE8021X; ic->ic_rsnciphers = IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP | IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP; ic->ic_rsngroupcipher = IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP; } ic->ic_set_key = ieee80211_set_key; ic->ic_delete_key = ieee80211_delete_key; } void ieee80211_crypto_detach(struct ifnet *ifp) { struct ieee80211com *ic = (void *)ifp; int i; /* clear all keys from memory */ for (i = 0; i < IEEE80211_WEP_NKID; i++) { if (ic->ic_nw_keys[i].k_cipher != IEEE80211_CIPHER_NONE) (*ic->ic_delete_key)(ic, NULL, &ic->ic_nw_keys[i]); memset(&ic->ic_nw_keys[i], 0, sizeof(struct ieee80211_key)); } memset(ic->ic_psk, 0, IEEE80211_PMK_LEN); } int ieee80211_set_key(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_node *ni, struct ieee80211_key *k) { int error; switch (k->k_cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: error = ieee80211_wep_set_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: error = ieee80211_tkip_set_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: error = ieee80211_ccmp_set_key(ic, k); break; default: /* should not get there */ error = EINVAL; } return error; } void ieee80211_delete_key(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_node *ni, struct ieee80211_key *k) { switch (k->k_cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: ieee80211_wep_delete_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: ieee80211_tkip_delete_key(ic, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: ieee80211_ccmp_delete_key(ic, k); break; default: /* should not get there */ break; } memset(k, 0, sizeof(*k)); /* XXX */ } /* * Retrieve the pairwise master key configured for a given node. * When PSK AKMP is in use, the pairwise master key is the pre-shared key * and the node is not used. */ const u_int8_t * ieee80211_get_pmk(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_node *ni, const u_int8_t *pmkid) { if (ni->ni_rsnakms == IEEE80211_AKM_PSK) return ic->ic_psk; /* the PMK is the PSK */ /* XXX find the PMK in the PMKSA cache using the PMKID */ return NULL; /* not yet supported */ } struct ieee80211_key * ieee80211_get_txkey(struct ieee80211com *ic, const struct ieee80211_frame *wh, struct ieee80211_node *ni) { if (!(ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_RSNON) || IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) || ni->ni_rsncipher == IEEE80211_CIPHER_USEGROUP) return &ic->ic_nw_keys[ic->ic_wep_txkey]; return &ni->ni_pairwise_key; } struct mbuf * ieee80211_encrypt(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct mbuf *m0, struct ieee80211_key *k) { switch (k->k_cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: m0 = ieee80211_wep_encrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: m0 = ieee80211_tkip_encrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: m0 = ieee80211_ccmp_encrypt(ic, m0, k); break; default: /* should not get there */ m_freem(m0); m0 = NULL; } return m0; } struct mbuf * ieee80211_decrypt(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct mbuf *m0, struct ieee80211_node *ni) { struct ieee80211_frame *wh; struct ieee80211_key *k; /* select the key for decryption */ wh = mtod(m0, struct ieee80211_frame *); if (!(ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_RSNON) || IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) || ni->ni_rsncipher == IEEE80211_CIPHER_USEGROUP) { /* XXX check length! */ int hdrlen = ieee80211_get_hdrlen(wh); const u_int8_t *ivp = (u_int8_t *)wh + hdrlen; /* key identifier is always located at the same index */ int kid = ivp[IEEE80211_WEP_IVLEN] >> 6; k = &ic->ic_nw_keys[kid]; } else k = &ni->ni_pairwise_key; switch (k->k_cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: m0 = ieee80211_wep_decrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: m0 = ieee80211_tkip_decrypt(ic, m0, k); break; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: m0 = ieee80211_ccmp_decrypt(ic, m0, k); break; default: /* key not defined */ m_freem(m0); m0 = NULL; } return m0; } /* * AES Key Wrap (see RFC 3394). */ static const u_int8_t aes_key_wrap_iv[8] = { 0xa6, 0xa6, 0xa6, 0xa6, 0xa6, 0xa6, 0xa6, 0xa6 }; static void aes_key_wrap(const u_int8_t *kek, size_t kek_len, const u_int8_t *pt, size_t len, u_int8_t *ct) { rijndael_ctx ctx; u_int8_t *a, *r, ar[16]; u_int64_t t, b[2]; size_t i; int j; /* allow ciphertext and plaintext to overlap (ct == pt) */ ovbcopy(pt, ct + 8, len * 8); a = ct; memcpy(a, aes_key_wrap_iv, 8); /* default IV */ rijndael_set_key_enc_only(&ctx, (u_int8_t *)kek, kek_len * 8); for (j = 0, t = 1; j < 6; j++) { r = ct + 8; for (i = 0; i < len; i++, t++) { memcpy(ar, a, 8); memcpy(ar + 8, r, 8); rijndael_encrypt(&ctx, ar, (u_int8_t *)b); b[0] ^= htobe64(t); memcpy(a, &b[0], 8); memcpy(r, &b[1], 8); r += 8; } } } static int aes_key_unwrap(const u_int8_t *kek, size_t kek_len, const u_int8_t *ct, u_int8_t *pt, size_t len) { rijndael_ctx ctx; u_int8_t a[8], *r, b[16]; u_int64_t t, ar[2]; size_t i; int j; memcpy(a, ct, 8); /* allow ciphertext and plaintext to overlap (ct == pt) */ ovbcopy(ct + 8, pt, len * 8); rijndael_set_key(&ctx, (u_int8_t *)kek, kek_len * 8); for (j = 0, t = 6 * len; j < 6; j++) { r = pt + (len - 1) * 8; for (i = 0; i < len; i++, t--) { memcpy(&ar[0], a, 8); ar[0] ^= htobe64(t); memcpy(&ar[1], r, 8); rijndael_decrypt(&ctx, (u_int8_t *)ar, b); memcpy(a, b, 8); memcpy(r, b + 8, 8); r -= 8; } } return memcmp(a, aes_key_wrap_iv, 8) != 0; } /* * HMAC-MD5 (see RFC 2104). */ static void hmac_md5(const struct vector *vec, int vcnt, const u_int8_t *key, size_t key_len, u_int8_t digest[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH]) { MD5_CTX ctx; u_int8_t k_pad[MD5_BLOCK_LENGTH]; u_int8_t tk[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH]; int i; if (key_len > MD5_BLOCK_LENGTH) { MD5Init(&ctx); MD5Update(&ctx, key, key_len); MD5Final(tk, &ctx); key = tk; key_len = MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; } bzero(k_pad, sizeof k_pad); bcopy(key, k_pad, key_len); for (i = 0; i < MD5_BLOCK_LENGTH; i++) k_pad[i] ^= 0x36; MD5Init(&ctx); MD5Update(&ctx, k_pad, MD5_BLOCK_LENGTH); for (i = 0; i < vcnt; i++) MD5Update(&ctx, vec[i].base, vec[i].len); MD5Final(digest, &ctx); bzero(k_pad, sizeof k_pad); bcopy(key, k_pad, key_len); for (i = 0; i < MD5_BLOCK_LENGTH; i++) k_pad[i] ^= 0x5c; MD5Init(&ctx); MD5Update(&ctx, k_pad, MD5_BLOCK_LENGTH); MD5Update(&ctx, digest, MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH); MD5Final(digest, &ctx); } /* * HMAC-SHA1 (see RFC 2104). */ static void hmac_sha1(const struct vector *vec, int vcnt, const u_int8_t *key, size_t key_len, u_int8_t digest[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH]) { SHA1_CTX ctx; u_int8_t k_pad[SHA1_BLOCK_LENGTH]; u_int8_t tk[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH]; int i; if (key_len > SHA1_BLOCK_LENGTH) { SHA1Init(&ctx); SHA1Update(&ctx, key, key_len); SHA1Final(tk, &ctx); key = tk; key_len = SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH; } bzero(k_pad, sizeof k_pad); bcopy(key, k_pad, key_len); for (i = 0; i < SHA1_BLOCK_LENGTH; i++) k_pad[i] ^= 0x36; SHA1Init(&ctx); SHA1Update(&ctx, k_pad, SHA1_BLOCK_LENGTH); for (i = 0; i < vcnt; i++) SHA1Update(&ctx, vec[i].base, vec[i].len); SHA1Final(digest, &ctx); bzero(k_pad, sizeof k_pad); bcopy(key, k_pad, key_len); for (i = 0; i < SHA1_BLOCK_LENGTH; i++) k_pad[i] ^= 0x5c; SHA1Init(&ctx); SHA1Update(&ctx, k_pad, SHA1_BLOCK_LENGTH); SHA1Update(&ctx, digest, SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH); SHA1Final(digest, &ctx); } /* * SHA1-based Pseudo-Random Function (see 8.5.1.1). */ void ieee80211_prf(const u_int8_t *key, size_t key_len, struct vector *vec, int vcnt, u_int8_t *output, size_t len) { u_int8_t hash[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH]; u_int8_t count = 0; /* single octet count, starts at 0 */ vec[vcnt].base = &count; vec[vcnt].len = 1; vcnt++; while (len >= SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH) { hmac_sha1(vec, vcnt, key, key_len, output); count++; output += SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH; len -= SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH; } if (len > 0) { hmac_sha1(vec, vcnt, key, key_len, hash); /* truncate HMAC-SHA1 to len bytes */ memcpy(output, hash, len); } } /* * Derive Pairwise Transient Key (PTK) (see 8.5.1.2). */ void ieee80211_derive_ptk(const u_int8_t *pmk, size_t pmk_len, const u_int8_t *aa, const u_int8_t *spa, const u_int8_t *anonce, const u_int8_t *snonce, u_int8_t *ptk, size_t ptk_len) { struct vector vec[6]; /* +1 for PRF */ int ret; vec[0].base = "Pairwise key expansion"; vec[0].len = 23; /* include trailing '\0' */ ret = memcmp(aa, spa, IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN) < 0; /* Min(AA,SPA) */ vec[1].base = ret ? aa : spa; vec[1].len = IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN; /* Max(AA,SPA) */ vec[2].base = ret ? spa : aa; vec[2].len = IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN; ret = memcmp(anonce, snonce, EAPOL_KEY_NONCE_LEN) < 0; /* Min(ANonce,SNonce) */ vec[3].base = ret ? anonce : snonce; vec[3].len = EAPOL_KEY_NONCE_LEN; /* Max(ANonce,SNonce) */ vec[4].base = ret ? snonce : anonce; vec[4].len = EAPOL_KEY_NONCE_LEN; ieee80211_prf(pmk, pmk_len, vec, 5, ptk, ptk_len); } /* * Derive Pairwise Master Key Identifier (PMKID) (see 8.5.1.2). */ void ieee80211_derive_pmkid(const u_int8_t *pmk, size_t pmk_len, const u_int8_t *aa, const u_int8_t *spa, u_int8_t *pmkid) { struct vector vec[3]; u_int8_t hash[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH]; vec[0].base = "PMK Name"; vec[0].len = 8; /* does *not* include trailing '\0' */ vec[1].base = aa; vec[1].len = IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN; vec[2].base = spa; vec[2].len = IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN; hmac_sha1(vec, 3, pmk, pmk_len, hash); /* use the first 128 bits of the HMAC-SHA1 */ memcpy(pmkid, hash, IEEE80211_PMKID_LEN); } /* unaligned big endian access */ #define BE_READ_2(p) \ ((u_int16_t) \ ((((const u_int8_t *)(p))[0] << 8) | \ (((const u_int8_t *)(p))[1]))) #define BE_WRITE_2(p, v) do { \ ((u_int8_t *)(p))[0] = (v) >> 8; \ ((u_int8_t *)(p))[1] = (v) & 0xff; \ } while (0) /* * Compute the Key MIC field of an EAPOL-Key frame using the specified Key * Confirmation Key (KCK). The hash function can be either HMAC-MD5 or * HMAC-SHA1 depending on the EAPOL-Key Key Descriptor Version. */ void ieee80211_eapol_key_mic(struct ieee80211_eapol_key *key, const u_int8_t *kck) { u_int8_t hash[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH]; struct vector vec; vec.base = key; vec.len = BE_READ_2(key->len) + 4; switch (BE_READ_2(key->info) & EAPOL_KEY_VERSION_MASK) { case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V1: hmac_md5(&vec, 1, kck, 16, key->mic); break; case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V2: hmac_sha1(&vec, 1, kck, 16, hash); /* truncate HMAC-SHA1 to its 128 MSBs */ memcpy(key->mic, hash, EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN); break; } } /* * Check the MIC of a received EAPOL-Key frame using the specified Key * Confirmation Key (KCK). */ int ieee80211_eapol_key_check_mic(struct ieee80211_eapol_key *key, const u_int8_t *kck) { u_int8_t mic[EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN]; memcpy(mic, key->mic, EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN); memset(key->mic, 0, EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN); ieee80211_eapol_key_mic(key, kck); return memcmp(key->mic, mic, EAPOL_KEY_MIC_LEN) != 0; } /* * Encrypt the Key Data field of an EAPOL-Key frame using the specified Key * Encryption Key (KEK). The encryption algorithm can be either ARC4 or * AES Key Wrap depending on the EAPOL-Key Key Descriptor Version. */ void ieee80211_eapol_key_encrypt(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_eapol_key *key, const u_int8_t *kek) { struct rc4_ctx ctx; u_int8_t keybuf[EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN + 16]; u_int16_t len, info; u_int8_t *data; int n; len = BE_READ_2(key->paylen); info = BE_READ_2(key->info); data = (u_int8_t *)(key + 1); switch (info & EAPOL_KEY_VERSION_MASK) { case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V1: /* set IV to the lower 16 octets of our global key counter */ memcpy(key->iv, ic->ic_globalcnt + 16, 16); /* increment our global key counter (256-bit, big-endian) */ for (n = 31; n >= 0 && ++ic->ic_globalcnt[n] == 0; n--); /* concatenate the EAPOL-Key IV field and the KEK */ memcpy(keybuf, key->iv, EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN); memcpy(keybuf + EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN, kek, 16); rc4_keysetup(&ctx, keybuf, sizeof keybuf); /* discard the first 256 octets of the ARC4 key stream */ rc4_skip(&ctx, RC4STATE); rc4_crypt(&ctx, data, data, len); break; case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V2: if (len < 16 || (len & 7) != 0) { /* insert padding */ n = (len < 16) ? 16 - len : 8 - (len & 7); data[len++] = IEEE80211_ELEMID_VENDOR; memset(&data[len], 0, n - 1); len += n - 1; } aes_key_wrap(kek, 16, data, len / 8, data); len += 8; /* AES Key Wrap adds 8 bytes */ /* update key data length */ BE_WRITE_2(key->paylen, len); /* update packet body length */ BE_WRITE_2(key->len, sizeof(*key) + len - 4); break; } } /* * Decrypt the Key Data field of an EAPOL-Key frame using the specified Key * Encryption Key (KEK). The encryption algorithm can be either ARC4 or * AES Key Wrap depending on the EAPOL-Key Key Descriptor Version. */ int ieee80211_eapol_key_decrypt(struct ieee80211_eapol_key *key, const u_int8_t *kek) { struct rc4_ctx ctx; u_int8_t keybuf[EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN + 16]; u_int16_t len, info; u_int8_t *data; len = BE_READ_2(key->paylen); info = BE_READ_2(key->info); data = (u_int8_t *)(key + 1); switch (info & EAPOL_KEY_VERSION_MASK) { case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V1: /* concatenate the EAPOL-Key IV field and the KEK */ memcpy(keybuf, key->iv, EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN); memcpy(keybuf + EAPOL_KEY_IV_LEN, kek, 16); rc4_keysetup(&ctx, keybuf, sizeof keybuf); /* discard the first 256 octets of the ARC4 key stream */ rc4_skip(&ctx, RC4STATE); rc4_crypt(&ctx, data, data, len); return 0; case EAPOL_KEY_DESC_V2: /* Key Data Length must be a multiple of 8 */ if (len < 16 + 8 || (len & 7) != 0) return 1; len -= 8; /* AES Key Wrap adds 8 bytes */ return aes_key_unwrap(kek, 16, data, data, len / 8); } return 1; /* unknown Key Descriptor Version */ } /* * Return the length in bytes of a cipher suite key (see Table 60). */ int ieee80211_cipher_keylen(enum ieee80211_cipher cipher) { switch (cipher) { case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP40: return 5; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP: return 32; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_CCMP: return 16; case IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP104: return 13; default: /* unknown cipher */ return 0; } } /* * Map PTK to IEEE 802.11 key (see 8.6). */ void ieee80211_map_ptk(const struct ieee80211_ptk *ptk, enum ieee80211_cipher cipher, u_int64_t rsc, struct ieee80211_key *k) { memset(k, 0, sizeof(*k)); k->k_cipher = cipher; k->k_flags = IEEE80211_KEY_TX; k->k_len = ieee80211_cipher_keylen(cipher); k->k_rsc[0] = rsc; memcpy(k->k_key, ptk->tk, k->k_len); } /* * Map GTK to IEEE 802.11 key (see 8.6). */ void ieee80211_map_gtk(const u_int8_t *gtk, enum ieee80211_cipher cipher, int kid, int txflag, u_int64_t rsc, struct ieee80211_key *k) { memset(k, 0, sizeof(*k)); k->k_id = kid; k->k_cipher = cipher; k->k_flags = IEEE80211_KEY_GROUP; if (txflag) k->k_flags |= IEEE80211_KEY_TX; k->k_len = ieee80211_cipher_keylen(cipher); k->k_rsc[0] = rsc; memcpy(k->k_key, gtk, k->k_len); }