/* cipher.c Author: Tatu Ylonen Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen , Espoo, Finland All rights reserved Created: Wed Apr 19 17:41:39 1995 ylo */ #include "includes.h" RCSID("$Id: cipher.c,v 1.4 1999/09/28 04:45:36 provos Exp $"); #include "ssh.h" #include "cipher.h" #include "ssh_md5.h" /* * What kind of tripple DES are these 2 routines? * * Why is there a redundant initialization vector? * * If only iv3 was used, then, this would till effect have been * outer-cbc. However, there is also a private iv1 == iv2 which * perhaps makes differential analysis easier. On the other hand, the * private iv1 probably makes the CRC-32 attack ineffective. This is a * result of that there is no longer any known iv1 to use when * choosing the X block. */ void SSH_3CBC_ENCRYPT(des_key_schedule ks1, des_key_schedule ks2, des_cblock *iv2, des_key_schedule ks3, des_cblock *iv3, void *dest, void *src, unsigned int len) { des_cblock iv1; memcpy(&iv1, iv2, 8); des_cbc_encrypt(src, dest, len, ks1, &iv1, DES_ENCRYPT); memcpy(&iv1, dest + len - 8, 8); des_cbc_encrypt(dest, dest, len, ks2, iv2, DES_DECRYPT); memcpy(iv2, &iv1, 8); /* Note how iv1 == iv2 on entry and exit. */ des_cbc_encrypt(dest, dest, len, ks3, iv3, DES_ENCRYPT); memcpy(iv3, dest + len - 8, 8); } void SSH_3CBC_DECRYPT(des_key_schedule ks1, des_key_schedule ks2, des_cblock *iv2, des_key_schedule ks3, des_cblock *iv3, void *dest, void *src, unsigned int len) { des_cblock iv1; memcpy(&iv1, iv2, 8); des_cbc_encrypt(src, dest, len, ks3, iv3, DES_DECRYPT); memcpy(iv3, src + len - 8, 8); des_cbc_encrypt(dest, dest, len, ks2, iv2, DES_ENCRYPT); memcpy(iv2, dest + len - 8, 8); des_cbc_encrypt(dest, dest, len, ks1, &iv1, DES_DECRYPT); /* memcpy(&iv1, iv2, 8); */ /* Note how iv1 == iv2 on entry and exit. */ } /* * SSH uses a variation on Blowfish, all bytes must be swapped before * and after encryption/decryption. Thus the swap_bytes stuff (yuk). */ static void swap_bytes(const unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dst_, int n) { uint32 *dst = (uint32 *)dst_; /* dst must be properly aligned. */ union { uint32 i; char c[4]; } t; /* assert((n & 7) == 0); */ /* Process 8 bytes every lap. */ for (n = n / 8; n > 0; n--) { t.c[3] = *src++; t.c[2] = *src++; t.c[1] = *src++; t.c[0] = *src++; *dst++ = t.i; t.c[3] = *src++; t.c[2] = *src++; t.c[1] = *src++; t.c[0] = *src++; *dst++ = t.i; } } void (*cipher_attack_detected)(const char *fmt, ...) = fatal; static inline void detect_cbc_attack(const unsigned char *src, unsigned int len) { return; log("CRC-32 CBC insertion attack detected"); cipher_attack_detected("CRC-32 CBC insertion attack detected"); } /* Names of all encryption algorithms. These must match the numbers defined int cipher.h. */ static char *cipher_names[] = { "none", "no idea", #ifdef WITH_DES "des", #else "no des", #endif "3des", "no tss", "no rc4", "blowfish" }; /* Returns a bit mask indicating which ciphers are supported by this implementation. The bit mask has the corresponding bit set of each supported cipher. */ unsigned int cipher_mask() { unsigned int mask = 0; mask |= 1 << SSH_CIPHER_NONE; #ifdef WITH_DES mask |= 1 << SSH_CIPHER_DES; #endif mask |= 1 << SSH_CIPHER_3DES; /* Mandatory */ mask |= 1 << SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH; return mask; } /* Returns the name of the cipher. */ const char *cipher_name(int cipher) { if (cipher < 0 || cipher >= sizeof(cipher_names) / sizeof(cipher_names[0])) fatal("cipher_name: bad cipher number: %d", cipher); return cipher_names[cipher]; } /* Parses the name of the cipher. Returns the number of the corresponding cipher, or -1 on error. */ int cipher_number(const char *name) { int i; for (i = 0; i < sizeof(cipher_names) / sizeof(cipher_names[0]); i++) if (strcmp(cipher_names[i], name) == 0) return i; return -1; } /* Selects the cipher, and keys if by computing the MD5 checksum of the passphrase and using the resulting 16 bytes as the key. */ void cipher_set_key_string(CipherContext *context, int cipher, const char *passphrase, int for_encryption) { struct MD5Context md; unsigned char digest[16]; MD5Init(&md); MD5Update(&md, (const unsigned char *)passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); MD5Final(digest, &md); cipher_set_key(context, cipher, digest, 16, for_encryption); memset(digest, 0, sizeof(digest)); memset(&md, 0, sizeof(md)); } /* Selects the cipher to use and sets the key. */ void cipher_set_key(CipherContext *context, int cipher, const unsigned char *key, int keylen, int for_encryption) { unsigned char padded[32]; /* Set cipher type. */ context->type = cipher; /* Get 32 bytes of key data. Pad if necessary. (So that code below does not need to worry about key size). */ memset(padded, 0, sizeof(padded)); memcpy(padded, key, keylen < sizeof(padded) ? keylen : sizeof(padded)); /* Initialize the initialization vector. */ switch (cipher) { case SSH_CIPHER_NONE: break; #ifdef WITH_DES case SSH_CIPHER_DES: /* Note: the least significant bit of each byte of key is parity, and must be ignored by the implementation. 8 bytes of key are used. */ if (keylen < 8) error("Key length %d is insufficient for DES.", keylen); des_set_key((void*)padded, context->u.des.key); memset(context->u.des.iv, 0, sizeof(context->u.des.iv)); break; #endif /* WITH_DES */ case SSH_CIPHER_3DES: /* Note: the least significant bit of each byte of key is parity, and must be ignored by the implementation. 16 bytes of key are used (first and last keys are the same). */ if (keylen < 16) error("Key length %d is insufficient for 3DES.", keylen); des_set_key((void*)padded, context->u.des3.key1); des_set_key((void*)(padded + 8), context->u.des3.key2); if (keylen <= 16) des_set_key((void*)padded, context->u.des3.key3); else des_set_key((void*)(padded + 16), context->u.des3.key3); memset(context->u.des3.iv2, 0, sizeof(context->u.des3.iv2)); memset(context->u.des3.iv3, 0, sizeof(context->u.des3.iv3)); break; case SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH: BF_set_key(&context->u.bf.key, keylen, padded); memset(context->u.bf.iv, 0, 8); break; default: fatal("cipher_set_key: unknown cipher: %d", cipher); } memset(padded, 0, sizeof(padded)); } /* Encrypts data using the cipher. */ void cipher_encrypt(CipherContext *context, unsigned char *dest, const unsigned char *src, unsigned int len) { assert((len & 7) == 0); switch (context->type) { case SSH_CIPHER_NONE: memcpy(dest, src, len); break; #ifdef WITH_DES case SSH_CIPHER_DES: des_cbc_encrypt((void*)src, (void*)dest, len, context->u.des.key, &context->u.des.iv, DES_ENCRYPT); memcpy(context->u.des.iv, dest + len - 8, 8); break; #endif /* WITH_DES */ case SSH_CIPHER_3DES: SSH_3CBC_ENCRYPT(context->u.des3.key1, context->u.des3.key2, &context->u.des3.iv2, context->u.des3.key3, &context->u.des3.iv3, dest, (void*)src, len); break; case SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH: swap_bytes(src, dest, len); BF_cbc_encrypt(dest, dest, len, &context->u.bf.key, context->u.bf.iv, BF_ENCRYPT); swap_bytes(dest, dest, len); break; default: fatal("cipher_encrypt: unknown cipher: %d", context->type); } } /* Decrypts data using the cipher. */ void cipher_decrypt(CipherContext *context, unsigned char *dest, const unsigned char *src, unsigned int len) { assert((len & 7) == 0); switch (context->type) { case SSH_CIPHER_NONE: memcpy(dest, src, len); break; #ifdef WITH_DES case SSH_CIPHER_DES: detect_cbc_attack(src, len); des_cbc_encrypt((void*)src, (void*)dest, len, context->u.des.key, &context->u.des.iv, DES_DECRYPT); memcpy(context->u.des.iv, src + len - 8, 8); break; #endif /* WITH_DES */ case SSH_CIPHER_3DES: /* CRC-32 attack? */ SSH_3CBC_DECRYPT(context->u.des3.key1, context->u.des3.key2, &context->u.des3.iv2, context->u.des3.key3, &context->u.des3.iv3, dest, (void*)src, len); break; case SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH: detect_cbc_attack(src, len); swap_bytes(src, dest, len); BF_cbc_encrypt((void*)dest, dest, len, &context->u.bf.key, context->u.bf.iv, BF_DECRYPT); swap_bytes(dest, dest, len); break; default: fatal("cipher_decrypt: unknown cipher: %d", context->type); } }