/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.217 2012/08/17 01:25:58 djm Exp $ */ /* * Author: Tatu Ylonen * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen , Espoo, Finland * All rights reserved * Identity and host key generation and maintenance. * * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software * can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell". */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "xmalloc.h" #include "key.h" #include "rsa.h" #include "authfile.h" #include "uuencode.h" #include "buffer.h" #include "pathnames.h" #include "log.h" #include "misc.h" #include "match.h" #include "hostfile.h" #include "dns.h" #include "ssh2.h" #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h" #endif /* Number of bits in the RSA/DSA key. This value can be set on the command line. */ #define DEFAULT_BITS 2048 #define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA 1024 #define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA 256 u_int32_t bits = 0; /* * Flag indicating that we just want to change the passphrase. This can be * set on the command line. */ int change_passphrase = 0; /* * Flag indicating that we just want to change the comment. This can be set * on the command line. */ int change_comment = 0; int quiet = 0; int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO; /* Flag indicating that we want to hash a known_hosts file */ int hash_hosts = 0; /* Flag indicating that we want lookup a host in known_hosts file */ int find_host = 0; /* Flag indicating that we want to delete a host from a known_hosts file */ int delete_host = 0; /* Flag indicating that we want to show the contents of a certificate */ int show_cert = 0; /* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */ int print_fingerprint = 0; int print_bubblebabble = 0; /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */ char identity_file[1024]; int have_identity = 0; /* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */ char *identity_passphrase = NULL; /* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */ char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL; /* This is set to the new comment if given on the command line. */ char *identity_comment = NULL; /* Path to CA key when certifying keys. */ char *ca_key_path = NULL; /* Certificate serial number */ long long cert_serial = 0; /* Key type when certifying */ u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER; /* "key ID" of signed key */ char *cert_key_id = NULL; /* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */ char *cert_principals = NULL; /* Validity period for certificates */ u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0; u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL; /* Certificate options */ #define CERTOPT_X_FWD (1) #define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD (1<<1) #define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD (1<<2) #define CERTOPT_PTY (1<<3) #define CERTOPT_USER_RC (1<<4) #define CERTOPT_DEFAULT (CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \ CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC) u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT; char *certflags_command = NULL; char *certflags_src_addr = NULL; /* Conversion to/from various formats */ int convert_to = 0; int convert_from = 0; enum { FMT_RFC4716, FMT_PKCS8, FMT_PEM } convert_format = FMT_RFC4716; int print_public = 0; int print_generic = 0; char *key_type_name = NULL; /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */ char *pkcs11provider = NULL; /* argv0 */ extern char *__progname; char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; /* moduli.c */ int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *); int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long, unsigned long); static void type_bits_valid(int type, u_int32_t *bitsp) { u_int maxbits; if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) { fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name); exit(1); } if (*bitsp == 0) { if (type == KEY_DSA) *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA; else if (type == KEY_ECDSA) *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA; else *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS; } maxbits = (type == KEY_DSA) ? OPENSSL_DSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS : OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS; if (*bitsp > maxbits) { fprintf(stderr, "key bits exceeds maximum %d\n", maxbits); exit(1); } if (type == KEY_DSA && *bitsp != 1024) fatal("DSA keys must be 1024 bits"); else if (type != KEY_ECDSA && *bitsp < 768) fatal("Key must at least be 768 bits"); else if (type == KEY_ECDSA && key_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1) fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length - valid lengths are " "256, 384 or 521 bits"); } static void ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt) { char buf[1024]; char *name = NULL; if (key_type_name == NULL) name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA; else { switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) { case KEY_RSA1: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_IDENTITY; break; case KEY_DSA_CERT: case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00: case KEY_DSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA; break; case KEY_ECDSA_CERT: case KEY_ECDSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA; break; case KEY_RSA_CERT: case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00: case KEY_RSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA; break; default: fprintf(stderr, "bad key type\n"); exit(1); break; } } snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name); fprintf(stderr, "%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file); if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL) exit(1); buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0'; if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0) strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file)); have_identity = 1; } static Key * load_identity(char *filename) { char *pass; Key *prv; prv = key_load_private(filename, "", NULL); if (prv == NULL) { if (identity_passphrase) pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); prv = key_load_private(filename, pass, NULL); memset(pass, 0, strlen(pass)); xfree(pass); } return prv; } #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END "---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC 0x3f6ff9eb static void do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key *k) { u_int len; u_char *blob; char comment[61]; if (k->type == KEY_RSA1) { fprintf(stderr, "version 1 keys are not supported\n"); exit(1); } if (key_to_blob(k, &blob, &len) <= 0) { fprintf(stderr, "key_to_blob failed\n"); exit(1); } /* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */ snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH", key_size(k), key_type(k), pw->pw_name, hostname); fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN); fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n", comment); dump_base64(stdout, blob, len); fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END); key_free(k); xfree(blob); exit(0); } static void do_convert_to_pkcs8(Key *k) { switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) { case KEY_RSA1: case KEY_RSA: if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa)) fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed"); break; case KEY_DSA: if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa)) fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed"); break; case KEY_ECDSA: if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa)) fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed"); break; default: fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k)); } exit(0); } static void do_convert_to_pem(Key *k) { switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) { case KEY_RSA1: case KEY_RSA: if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa)) fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed"); break; #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */ case KEY_DSA: if (!PEM_write_DSAPublicKey(stdout, k->dsa)) fatal("PEM_write_DSAPublicKey failed"); break; #endif /* XXX ECDSA? */ default: fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k)); } exit(0); } static void do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw) { Key *k; struct stat st; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((k = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL) { if ((k = load_identity(identity_file)) == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n"); exit(1); } } switch (convert_format) { case FMT_RFC4716: do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k); break; case FMT_PKCS8: do_convert_to_pkcs8(k); break; case FMT_PEM: do_convert_to_pem(k); break; default: fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format); } exit(0); } static void buffer_get_bignum_bits(Buffer *b, BIGNUM *value) { u_int bignum_bits = buffer_get_int(b); u_int bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8; if (buffer_len(b) < bytes) fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: input buffer too small: " "need %d have %d", bytes, buffer_len(b)); if (BN_bin2bn(buffer_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL) fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: BN_bin2bn failed"); buffer_consume(b, bytes); } static Key * do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(u_char *blob, u_int blen) { Buffer b; Key *key = NULL; char *type, *cipher; u_char *sig, data[] = "abcde12345"; int magic, rlen, ktype, i1, i2, i3, i4; u_int slen; u_long e; buffer_init(&b); buffer_append(&b, blob, blen); magic = buffer_get_int(&b); if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) { error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC); buffer_free(&b); return NULL; } i1 = buffer_get_int(&b); type = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL); cipher = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL); i2 = buffer_get_int(&b); i3 = buffer_get_int(&b); i4 = buffer_get_int(&b); debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4); if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) { error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher); xfree(cipher); buffer_free(&b); xfree(type); return NULL; } xfree(cipher); if (strstr(type, "dsa")) { ktype = KEY_DSA; } else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) { ktype = KEY_RSA; } else { buffer_free(&b); xfree(type); return NULL; } key = key_new_private(ktype); xfree(type); switch (key->type) { case KEY_DSA: buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->p); buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->g); buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->q); buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->pub_key); buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->priv_key); break; case KEY_RSA: e = buffer_get_char(&b); debug("e %lx", e); if (e < 30) { e <<= 8; e += buffer_get_char(&b); debug("e %lx", e); e <<= 8; e += buffer_get_char(&b); debug("e %lx", e); } if (!BN_set_word(key->rsa->e, e)) { buffer_free(&b); key_free(key); return NULL; } buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->d); buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->n); buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->iqmp); buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->q); buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->p); rsa_generate_additional_parameters(key->rsa); break; } rlen = buffer_len(&b); if (rlen != 0) error("do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob: " "remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen); buffer_free(&b); /* try the key */ key_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data)); key_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data)); xfree(sig); return key; } static int get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len) { int c; size_t pos = 0; line[0] = '\0'; while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) { if (pos >= len - 1) { fprintf(stderr, "input line too long.\n"); exit(1); } switch (c) { case '\r': c = fgetc(fp); if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF) { fprintf(stderr, "unget: %s\n", strerror(errno)); exit(1); } return pos; case '\n': return pos; } line[pos++] = c; line[pos] = '\0'; } /* We reached EOF */ return -1; } static void do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key **k, int *private) { int blen; u_int len; char line[1024]; u_char blob[8096]; char encoded[8096]; int escaped = 0; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); encoded[0] = '\0'; while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) { if (line[blen - 1] == '\\') escaped++; if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 || strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) { if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL) *private = 1; if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) { break; } /* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */ continue; } if (escaped) { escaped--; /* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */ continue; } strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded)); } len = strlen(encoded); if (((len % 4) == 3) && (encoded[len-1] == '=') && (encoded[len-2] == '=') && (encoded[len-3] == '=')) encoded[len-3] = '\0'; blen = uudecode(encoded, blob, sizeof(blob)); if (blen < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "uudecode failed.\n"); exit(1); } *k = *private ? do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(blob, blen) : key_from_blob(blob, blen); if (*k == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "decode blob failed.\n"); exit(1); } fclose(fp); } static void do_convert_from_pkcs8(Key **k, int *private) { EVP_PKEY *pubkey; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) { fatal("%s: %s is not a recognised public key format", __func__, identity_file); } fclose(fp); switch (EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type)) { case EVP_PKEY_RSA: *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC); (*k)->type = KEY_RSA; (*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey); break; case EVP_PKEY_DSA: *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC); (*k)->type = KEY_DSA; (*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey); break; case EVP_PKEY_EC: *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC); (*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA; (*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey); (*k)->ecdsa_nid = key_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa); break; default: fatal("%s: unsupported pubkey type %d", __func__, EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type)); } EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey); return; } static void do_convert_from_pem(Key **k, int *private) { FILE *fp; RSA *rsa; #ifdef notyet DSA *dsa; #endif if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) { *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC); (*k)->type = KEY_RSA; (*k)->rsa = rsa; fclose(fp); return; } #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */ rewind(fp); if ((dsa = PEM_read_DSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) { *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC); (*k)->type = KEY_DSA; (*k)->dsa = dsa; fclose(fp); return; } /* XXX ECDSA */ #endif fatal("%s: unrecognised raw private key format", __func__); } static void do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw) { Key *k = NULL; int private = 0, ok = 0; struct stat st; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); switch (convert_format) { case FMT_RFC4716: do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private); break; case FMT_PKCS8: do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private); break; case FMT_PEM: do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private); break; default: fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format); } if (!private) ok = key_write(k, stdout); if (ok) fprintf(stdout, "\n"); else { switch (k->type) { case KEY_DSA: ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; case KEY_ECDSA: ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; case KEY_RSA: ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; default: fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k)); } } if (!ok) { fprintf(stderr, "key write failed\n"); exit(1); } key_free(k); exit(0); } static void do_print_public(struct passwd *pw) { Key *prv; struct stat st; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) { perror(identity_file); exit(1); } prv = load_identity(identity_file); if (prv == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n"); exit(1); } if (!key_write(prv, stdout)) fprintf(stderr, "key_write failed"); key_free(prv); fprintf(stdout, "\n"); exit(0); } static void do_download(struct passwd *pw) { #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 Key **keys = NULL; int i, nkeys; pkcs11_init(0); nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys); if (nkeys <= 0) fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11"); for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) { key_write(keys[i], stdout); key_free(keys[i]); fprintf(stdout, "\n"); } xfree(keys); pkcs11_terminate(); exit(0); #else fatal("no pkcs11 support"); #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */ } static void do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw) { FILE *f; Key *public; char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, line[16*1024], *fp, *ra; int i, skip = 0, num = 0, invalid = 1; enum fp_rep rep; enum fp_type fptype; struct stat st; fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5; rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) { perror(identity_file); exit(1); } public = key_load_public(identity_file, &comment); if (public != NULL) { fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep); ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, comment, key_type(public)); if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE) printf("%s\n", ra); key_free(public); xfree(comment); xfree(ra); xfree(fp); exit(0); } if (comment) { xfree(comment); comment = NULL; } if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) { if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) { error("line %d too long: %.40s...", num + 1, line); skip = 1; continue; } num++; if (skip) { skip = 0; continue; } *cp = '\0'; /* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */ for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++) ; if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') continue; i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10); if (i == 0 || ep == NULL || (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) { int quoted = 0; comment = cp; for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t')); cp++) { if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"') cp++; /* Skip both */ else if (*cp == '"') quoted = !quoted; } if (!*cp) continue; *cp++ = '\0'; } ep = cp; public = key_new(KEY_RSA1); if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) { cp = ep; key_free(public); public = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC); if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) { key_free(public); continue; } } comment = *cp ? cp : comment; fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep); ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, comment ? comment : "no comment", key_type(public)); if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE) printf("%s\n", ra); xfree(ra); xfree(fp); key_free(public); invalid = 0; } fclose(f); if (invalid) { printf("%s is not a public key file.\n", identity_file); exit(1); } exit(0); } static void do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw) { struct { char *key_type; char *key_type_display; char *path; } key_types[] = { { "rsa1", "RSA1", _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE }, { "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE }, { "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE }, { "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE }, { NULL, NULL, NULL } }; int first = 0; struct stat st; Key *private, *public; char comment[1024]; int i, type, fd; FILE *f; for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) { if (stat(key_types[i].path, &st) == 0) continue; if (errno != ENOENT) { printf("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path, strerror(errno)); first = 0; continue; } if (first == 0) { first = 1; printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname); } printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display); fflush(stdout); arc4random_stir(); type = key_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type); strlcpy(identity_file, key_types[i].path, sizeof(identity_file)); bits = 0; type_bits_valid(type, &bits); private = key_generate(type, bits); if (private == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n"); first = 0; continue; } public = key_from_private(private); snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname); if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, "", comment)) { printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file); key_free(private); key_free(public); first = 0; continue; } key_free(private); arc4random_stir(); strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file)); fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); if (fd == -1) { printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file); key_free(public); first = 0; continue; } f = fdopen(fd, "w"); if (f == NULL) { printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file); key_free(public); first = 0; continue; } if (!key_write(public, f)) { fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n"); key_free(public); first = 0; continue; } fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment); fclose(f); key_free(public); } if (first != 0) printf("\n"); } static void printhost(FILE *f, const char *name, Key *public, int ca, int hash) { if (print_fingerprint) { enum fp_rep rep; enum fp_type fptype; char *fp, *ra; fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5; rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX; fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep); ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, name, key_type(public)); if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE) printf("%s\n", ra); xfree(ra); xfree(fp); } else { if (hash && (name = host_hash(name, NULL, 0)) == NULL) fatal("hash_host failed"); fprintf(f, "%s%s%s ", ca ? CA_MARKER : "", ca ? " " : "", name); if (!key_write(public, f)) fatal("key_write failed"); fprintf(f, "\n"); } } static void do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name) { FILE *in, *out = stdout; Key *pub; char *cp, *cp2, *kp, *kp2; char line[16*1024], tmp[MAXPATHLEN], old[MAXPATHLEN]; int c, skip = 0, inplace = 0, num = 0, invalid = 0, has_unhashed = 0; int ca; if (!have_identity) { cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid); if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file)) fatal("Specified known hosts path too long"); xfree(cp); have_identity = 1; } if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); /* * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place * A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout */ if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) { if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) || strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) || strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) || strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old)) fatal("known_hosts path too long"); umask(077); if ((c = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1) fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno)); if ((out = fdopen(c, "w")) == NULL) { c = errno; unlink(tmp); fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(c)); } inplace = 1; } while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), in)) { if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) { error("line %d too long: %.40s...", num + 1, line); skip = 1; invalid = 1; continue; } num++; if (skip) { skip = 0; continue; } *cp = '\0'; /* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */ for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++) ; if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') { if (inplace) fprintf(out, "%s\n", cp); continue; } /* Check whether this is a CA key */ if (strncasecmp(cp, CA_MARKER, sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1) == 0 && (cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == ' ' || cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == '\t')) { ca = 1; cp += sizeof(CA_MARKER); } else ca = 0; /* Find the end of the host name portion. */ for (kp = cp; *kp && *kp != ' ' && *kp != '\t'; kp++) ; if (*kp == '\0' || *(kp + 1) == '\0') { error("line %d missing key: %.40s...", num, line); invalid = 1; continue; } *kp++ = '\0'; kp2 = kp; pub = key_new(KEY_RSA1); if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) { kp = kp2; key_free(pub); pub = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC); if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) { error("line %d invalid key: %.40s...", num, line); key_free(pub); invalid = 1; continue; } } if (*cp == HASH_DELIM) { if (find_host || delete_host) { cp2 = host_hash(name, cp, strlen(cp)); if (cp2 == NULL) { error("line %d: invalid hashed " "name: %.64s...", num, line); invalid = 1; continue; } c = (strcmp(cp2, cp) == 0); if (find_host && c) { printf("# Host %s found: " "line %d type %s%s\n", name, num, key_type(pub), ca ? " (CA key)" : ""); printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0); } if (delete_host) { if (!c && !ca) printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0); else printf("# Host %s found: " "line %d type %s\n", name, num, key_type(pub)); } } else if (hash_hosts) printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0); } else { if (find_host || delete_host) { c = (match_hostname(name, cp, strlen(cp)) == 1); if (find_host && c) { printf("# Host %s found: " "line %d type %s%s\n", name, num, key_type(pub), ca ? " (CA key)" : ""); printhost(out, name, pub, ca, hash_hosts && !ca); } if (delete_host) { if (!c && !ca) printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0); else printf("# Host %s found: " "line %d type %s\n", name, num, key_type(pub)); } } else if (hash_hosts) { for (cp2 = strsep(&cp, ","); cp2 != NULL && *cp2 != '\0'; cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",")) { if (ca) { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: " "ignoring CA key for host: " "%.64s\n", cp2); printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0); } else if (strcspn(cp2, "*?!") != strlen(cp2)) { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: " "ignoring host name with " "metacharacters: %.64s\n", cp2); printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0); } else printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 1); } has_unhashed = 1; } } key_free(pub); } fclose(in); if (invalid) { fprintf(stderr, "%s is not a valid known_hosts file.\n", identity_file); if (inplace) { fprintf(stderr, "Not replacing existing known_hosts " "file because of errors\n"); fclose(out); unlink(tmp); } exit(1); } if (inplace) { fclose(out); /* Backup existing file */ if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT) fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno)); if (link(identity_file, old) == -1) fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old, strerror(errno)); /* Move new one into place */ if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) { error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file, strerror(errno)); unlink(tmp); unlink(old); exit(1); } fprintf(stderr, "%s updated.\n", identity_file); fprintf(stderr, "Original contents retained as %s\n", old); if (has_unhashed) { fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: %s contains unhashed " "entries\n", old); fprintf(stderr, "Delete this file to ensure privacy " "of hostnames\n"); } } exit(0); } /* * Perform changing a passphrase. The argument is the passwd structure * for the current user. */ static void do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw) { char *comment; char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2; struct stat st; Key *private; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) { perror(identity_file); exit(1); } /* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */ private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment); if (private == NULL) { if (identity_passphrase) old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else old_passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); private = key_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase, &comment); memset(old_passphrase, 0, strlen(old_passphrase)); xfree(old_passphrase); if (private == NULL) { printf("Bad passphrase.\n"); exit(1); } } printf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment); /* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */ if (identity_new_passphrase) { passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); passphrase2 = NULL; } else { passphrase1 = read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no " "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); /* Verify that they are the same. */ if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) { memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1)); memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2)); xfree(passphrase1); xfree(passphrase2); printf("Pass phrases do not match. Try again.\n"); exit(1); } /* Destroy the other copy. */ memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2)); xfree(passphrase2); } /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */ if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) { printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file); memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1)); xfree(passphrase1); key_free(private); xfree(comment); exit(1); } /* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */ memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1)); xfree(passphrase1); key_free(private); /* Destroys contents */ xfree(comment); printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n"); exit(0); } /* * Print the SSHFP RR. */ static int do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname) { Key *public; char *comment = NULL; struct stat st; if (fname == NULL) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(fname, &st) < 0) { if (errno == ENOENT) return 0; perror(fname); exit(1); } public = key_load_public(fname, &comment); if (public != NULL) { export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic); key_free(public); xfree(comment); return 1; } if (comment) xfree(comment); printf("failed to read v2 public key from %s.\n", fname); exit(1); } /* * Change the comment of a private key file. */ static void do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw) { char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase; Key *private; Key *public; struct stat st; FILE *f; int fd; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) { perror(identity_file); exit(1); } private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment); if (private == NULL) { if (identity_passphrase) passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else if (identity_new_passphrase) passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); else passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); /* Try to load using the passphrase. */ private = key_load_private(identity_file, passphrase, &comment); if (private == NULL) { memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase)); xfree(passphrase); printf("Bad passphrase.\n"); exit(1); } } else { passphrase = xstrdup(""); } if (private->type != KEY_RSA1) { fprintf(stderr, "Comments are only supported for RSA1 keys.\n"); key_free(private); exit(1); } printf("Key now has comment '%s'\n", comment); if (identity_comment) { strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment)); } else { printf("Enter new comment: "); fflush(stdout); if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) { memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase)); key_free(private); exit(1); } new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0'; } /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */ if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase, new_comment)) { printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file); memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase)); xfree(passphrase); key_free(private); xfree(comment); exit(1); } memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase)); xfree(passphrase); public = key_from_private(private); key_free(private); strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file)); fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); if (fd == -1) { printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file); exit(1); } f = fdopen(fd, "w"); if (f == NULL) { printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file); exit(1); } if (!key_write(public, f)) fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n"); key_free(public); fprintf(f, " %s\n", new_comment); fclose(f); xfree(comment); printf("The comment in your key file has been changed.\n"); exit(0); } static const char * fmt_validity(u_int64_t valid_from, u_int64_t valid_to) { char from[32], to[32]; static char ret[64]; time_t tt; struct tm *tm; *from = *to = '\0'; if (valid_from == 0 && valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL) return "forever"; if (valid_from != 0) { /* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */ tt = valid_from > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_from; tm = localtime(&tt); strftime(from, sizeof(from), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm); } if (valid_to != 0xffffffffffffffffULL) { /* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */ tt = valid_to > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_to; tm = localtime(&tt); strftime(to, sizeof(to), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm); } if (valid_from == 0) { snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "before %s", to); return ret; } if (valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL) { snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "after %s", from); return ret; } snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "from %s to %s", from, to); return ret; } static void add_flag_option(Buffer *c, const char *name) { debug3("%s: %s", __func__, name); buffer_put_cstring(c, name); buffer_put_string(c, NULL, 0); } static void add_string_option(Buffer *c, const char *name, const char *value) { Buffer b; debug3("%s: %s=%s", __func__, name, value); buffer_init(&b); buffer_put_cstring(&b, value); buffer_put_cstring(c, name); buffer_put_string(c, buffer_ptr(&b), buffer_len(&b)); buffer_free(&b); } #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL 1 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS 2 static void prepare_options_buf(Buffer *c, int which) { buffer_clear(c); if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 && certflags_command != NULL) add_string_option(c, "force-command", certflags_command); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-X11-forwarding"); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-agent-forwarding"); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-port-forwarding"); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-pty"); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-user-rc"); if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 && certflags_src_addr != NULL) add_string_option(c, "source-address", certflags_src_addr); } static Key * load_pkcs11_key(char *path) { #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 Key **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL; int i, nkeys; if ((public = key_load_public(path, NULL)) == NULL) fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\"", path); nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase, &keys); debug3("%s: %d keys", __func__, nkeys); if (nkeys <= 0) fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11"); for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) { if (key_equal_public(public, keys[i])) { private = keys[i]; continue; } key_free(keys[i]); } xfree(keys); key_free(public); return private; #else fatal("no pkcs11 support"); #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */ } static void do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv) { int i, fd; u_int n; Key *ca, *public; char *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment, **plist = NULL; FILE *f; int v00 = 0; /* legacy keys */ if (key_type_name != NULL) { switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) { case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00: case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00: v00 = 1; break; case KEY_UNSPEC: if (strcasecmp(key_type_name, "v00") == 0) { v00 = 1; break; } else if (strcasecmp(key_type_name, "v01") == 0) break; /* FALLTHROUGH */ default: fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name); exit(1); } } pkcs11_init(1); tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid); if (pkcs11provider != NULL) { if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL) fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path); } else if ((ca = load_identity(tmp)) == NULL) fatal("Couldn't load CA key \"%s\"", tmp); xfree(tmp); for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { /* Split list of principals */ n = 0; if (cert_principals != NULL) { otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals); plist = NULL; for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) { plist = xrealloc(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist)); if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0') fatal("Empty principal name"); } xfree(otmp); } tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid); if ((public = key_load_public(tmp, &comment)) == NULL) fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\"", __func__, tmp); if (public->type != KEY_RSA && public->type != KEY_DSA && public->type != KEY_ECDSA) fatal("%s: key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified", __func__, tmp, key_type(public)); /* Prepare certificate to sign */ if (key_to_certified(public, v00) != 0) fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate", tmp); public->cert->type = cert_key_type; public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial; public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id); public->cert->nprincipals = n; public->cert->principals = plist; public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from; public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to; if (v00) { prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical, OPTIONS_CRITICAL|OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS); } else { prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical, OPTIONS_CRITICAL); prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->extensions, OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS); } public->cert->signature_key = key_from_private(ca); if (key_certify(public, ca) != 0) fatal("Couldn't not certify key %s", tmp); if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0) *cp = '\0'; xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp); xfree(tmp); if ((fd = open(out, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1) fatal("Could not open \"%s\" for writing: %s", out, strerror(errno)); if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) fatal("%s: fdopen: %s", __func__, strerror(errno)); if (!key_write(public, f)) fatal("Could not write certified key to %s", out); fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment); fclose(f); if (!quiet) { logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s " "valid %s", key_cert_type(public), out, public->cert->key_id, (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial, cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "", cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "", fmt_validity(cert_valid_from, cert_valid_to)); } key_free(public); xfree(out); } pkcs11_terminate(); exit(0); } static u_int64_t parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now) { int64_t mul, secs; mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1; if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1) fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s); if (mul == -1 && secs > now) fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s); return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul); } static u_int64_t parse_absolute_time(const char *s) { struct tm tm; time_t tt; char buf[32], *fmt; /* * POSIX strptime says "The application shall ensure that there * is white-space or other non-alphanumeric characters between * any two conversion specifications" so arrange things this way. */ switch (strlen(s)) { case 8: fmt = "%Y-%m-%d"; snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2s", s, s + 4, s + 6); break; case 14: fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"; snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2sT%.2s:%.2s:%.2s", s, s + 4, s + 6, s + 8, s + 10, s + 12); break; default: fatal("Invalid certificate time format %s", s); } bzero(&tm, sizeof(tm)); if (strptime(buf, fmt, &tm) == NULL) fatal("Invalid certificate time %s", s); if ((tt = mktime(&tm)) < 0) fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s); return (u_int64_t)tt; } static void parse_cert_times(char *timespec) { char *from, *to; time_t now = time(NULL); int64_t secs; /* +timespec relative to now */ if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) { if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1) fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec); cert_valid_to = now + secs; /* * Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts * with poorly-synchronised clocks. */ cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60; return; } /* * from:to, where * from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS * to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS */ from = xstrdup(timespec); to = strchr(from, ':'); if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0') fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec); *to++ = '\0'; if (*from == '-' || *from == '+') cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now); else cert_valid_from = parse_absolute_time(from); if (*to == '-' || *to == '+') cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, cert_valid_from); else cert_valid_to = parse_absolute_time(to); if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from) fatal("Empty certificate validity interval"); xfree(from); } static void add_cert_option(char *opt) { char *val; if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0) certflags_flags = 0; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC; else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) { val = opt + 14; if (*val == '\0') fatal("Empty force-command option"); if (certflags_command != NULL) fatal("force-command already specified"); certflags_command = xstrdup(val); } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) { val = opt + 15; if (*val == '\0') fatal("Empty source-address option"); if (certflags_src_addr != NULL) fatal("source-address already specified"); if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0) fatal("Invalid source-address list"); certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val); } else fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt); } static void show_options(const Buffer *optbuf, int v00, int in_critical) { u_char *name, *data; u_int dlen; Buffer options, option; buffer_init(&options); buffer_append(&options, buffer_ptr(optbuf), buffer_len(optbuf)); buffer_init(&option); while (buffer_len(&options) != 0) { name = buffer_get_string(&options, NULL); data = buffer_get_string_ptr(&options, &dlen); buffer_append(&option, data, dlen); printf(" %s", name); if ((v00 || !in_critical) && (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0)) printf("\n"); else if ((v00 || in_critical) && (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 || strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) { data = buffer_get_string(&option, NULL); printf(" %s\n", data); xfree(data); } else { printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %u)\n", buffer_len(&option)); buffer_clear(&option); } xfree(name); if (buffer_len(&option) != 0) fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end"); } buffer_free(&option); buffer_free(&options); } static void do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw) { Key *key; struct stat st; char *key_fp, *ca_fp; u_int i, v00; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((key = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL) fatal("%s is not a public key", identity_file); if (!key_is_cert(key)) fatal("%s is not a certificate", identity_file); v00 = key->type == KEY_RSA_CERT_V00 || key->type == KEY_DSA_CERT_V00; key_fp = key_fingerprint(key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX); ca_fp = key_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX); printf("%s:\n", identity_file); printf(" Type: %s %s certificate\n", key_ssh_name(key), key_cert_type(key)); printf(" Public key: %s %s\n", key_type(key), key_fp); printf(" Signing CA: %s %s\n", key_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp); printf(" Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id); if (!v00) { printf(" Serial: %llu\n", (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial); } printf(" Valid: %s\n", fmt_validity(key->cert->valid_after, key->cert->valid_before)); printf(" Principals: "); if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++) printf("\n %s", key->cert->principals[i]); printf("\n"); } printf(" Critical Options: "); if (buffer_len(&key->cert->critical) == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { printf("\n"); show_options(&key->cert->critical, v00, 1); } if (!v00) { printf(" Extensions: "); if (buffer_len(&key->cert->extensions) == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { printf("\n"); show_options(&key->cert->extensions, v00, 0); } } exit(0); } static void usage(void) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options]\n", __progname); fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -A Generate non-existent host keys for all key types.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -a trials Number of trials for screening DH-GEX moduli.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -B Show bubblebabble digest of key file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -b bits Number of bits in the key to create.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -C comment Provide new comment.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -c Change comment in private and public key files.\n"); #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 fprintf(stderr, " -D pkcs11 Download public key from pkcs11 token.\n"); #endif fprintf(stderr, " -e Export OpenSSH to foreign format key file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -F hostname Find hostname in known hosts file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -f filename Filename of the key file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -G file Generate candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -g Use generic DNS resource record format.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -H Hash names in known_hosts file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -h Generate host certificate instead of a user certificate.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -I key_id Key identifier to include in certificate.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -i Import foreign format to OpenSSH key file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -J number Screen this number of moduli lines.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -j number Start screening moduli at specified line.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -K checkpt Write checkpoints to this file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -L Print the contents of a certificate.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -l Show fingerprint of key file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -M memory Amount of memory (MB) to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -m key_fmt Conversion format for -e/-i (PEM|PKCS8|RFC4716).\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -N phrase Provide new passphrase.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -n name,... User/host principal names to include in certificate\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -O option Specify a certificate option.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -P phrase Provide old passphrase.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -p Change passphrase of private key file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -q Quiet.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -R hostname Remove host from known_hosts file.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -r hostname Print DNS resource record.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -S start Start point (hex) for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -s ca_key Certify keys with CA key.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -T file Screen candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -t type Specify type of key to create.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -V from:to Specify certificate validity interval.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -v Verbose.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -W gen Generator to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -y Read private key file and print public key.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -z serial Specify a serial number.\n"); exit(1); } /* * Main program for key management. */ int main(int argc, char **argv) { char dotsshdir[MAXPATHLEN], comment[1024], *passphrase1, *passphrase2; char *checkpoint = NULL; char out_file[MAXPATHLEN], *rr_hostname = NULL; Key *private, *public; struct passwd *pw; struct stat st; int opt, type, fd; u_int32_t memory = 0, generator_wanted = 0, trials = 100; int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0; int gen_all_hostkeys = 0; unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0; BIGNUM *start = NULL; FILE *f; const char *errstr; extern int optind; extern char *optarg; /* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */ sanitise_stdfd(); OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms(); log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1); /* we need this for the home * directory. */ pw = getpwuid(getuid()); if (!pw) { printf("You don't exist, go away!\n"); exit(1); } if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) < 0) { perror("gethostname"); exit(1); } while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "AegiqpclBHLhvxXyF:b:f:t:D:I:J:j:K:P:" "m:N:n:O:C:r:g:R:T:G:M:S:s:a:V:W:z")) != -1) { switch (opt) { case 'A': gen_all_hostkeys = 1; break; case 'b': bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 256, 32768, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)", optarg, errstr); break; case 'F': find_host = 1; rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'H': hash_hosts = 1; break; case 'I': cert_key_id = optarg; break; case 'J': lines_to_process = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10); break; case 'j': start_lineno = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10); break; case 'R': delete_host = 1; rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'L': show_cert = 1; break; case 'l': print_fingerprint = 1; break; case 'B': print_bubblebabble = 1; break; case 'm': if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 || strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_RFC4716; break; } if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_PKCS8; break; } if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_PEM; break; } fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg); case 'n': cert_principals = optarg; break; case 'p': change_passphrase = 1; break; case 'c': change_comment = 1; break; case 'f': if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg, sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file)) fatal("Identity filename too long"); have_identity = 1; break; case 'g': print_generic = 1; break; case 'P': identity_passphrase = optarg; break; case 'N': identity_new_passphrase = optarg; break; case 'O': add_cert_option(optarg); break; case 'C': identity_comment = optarg; break; case 'q': quiet = 1; break; case 'e': case 'x': /* export key */ convert_to = 1; break; case 'h': cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST; certflags_flags = 0; break; case 'i': case 'X': /* import key */ convert_from = 1; break; case 'y': print_public = 1; break; case 's': ca_key_path = optarg; break; case 't': key_type_name = optarg; break; case 'D': pkcs11provider = optarg; break; case 'v': if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO) log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1; else { if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 && log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3) log_level++; } break; case 'r': rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'W': generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Desired generator has bad value: %s (%s)", optarg, errstr); break; case 'a': trials = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Invalid number of trials: %s (%s)", optarg, errstr); break; case 'M': memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'G': do_gen_candidates = 1; if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >= sizeof(out_file)) fatal("Output filename too long"); break; case 'T': do_screen_candidates = 1; if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >= sizeof(out_file)) fatal("Output filename too long"); break; case 'K': if (strlen(optarg) >= MAXPATHLEN) fatal("Checkpoint filename too long"); checkpoint = xstrdup(optarg); break; case 'S': /* XXX - also compare length against bits */ if (BN_hex2bn(&start, optarg) == 0) fatal("Invalid start point."); break; case 'V': parse_cert_times(optarg); break; case 'z': cert_serial = strtonum(optarg, 0, LLONG_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Invalid serial number: %s", errstr); break; case '?': default: usage(); } } /* reinit */ log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1); argv += optind; argc -= optind; if (ca_key_path != NULL) { if (argc < 1) { printf("Too few arguments.\n"); usage(); } } else if (argc > 0) { printf("Too many arguments.\n"); usage(); } if (change_passphrase && change_comment) { printf("Can only have one of -p and -c.\n"); usage(); } if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) { printf("Cannot use -l with -D or -R.\n"); usage(); } if (ca_key_path != NULL) { if (cert_key_id == NULL) fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying"); do_ca_sign(pw, argc, argv); } if (show_cert) do_show_cert(pw); if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host) do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname); if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble) do_fingerprint(pw); if (change_passphrase) do_change_passphrase(pw); if (change_comment) do_change_comment(pw); if (convert_to) do_convert_to(pw); if (convert_from) do_convert_from(pw); if (print_public) do_print_public(pw); if (rr_hostname != NULL) { unsigned int n = 0; if (have_identity) { n = do_print_resource_record(pw, identity_file, rr_hostname); if (n == 0) { perror(identity_file); exit(1); } exit(0); } else { n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname); if (n == 0) fatal("no keys found."); exit(0); } } if (pkcs11provider != NULL) do_download(pw); if (do_gen_candidates) { FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w"); if (out == NULL) { error("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s", out_file, strerror(errno)); return (1); } if (bits == 0) bits = DEFAULT_BITS; if (gen_candidates(out, memory, bits, start) != 0) fatal("modulus candidate generation failed"); return (0); } if (do_screen_candidates) { FILE *in; FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w"); if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) { if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) { fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate " "file \"%s\": %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); } } else in = stdin; if (out == NULL) { fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s", out_file, strerror(errno)); } if (prime_test(in, out, trials, generator_wanted, checkpoint, start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0) fatal("modulus screening failed"); return (0); } if (gen_all_hostkeys) { do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw); return (0); } arc4random_stir(); if (key_type_name == NULL) key_type_name = "rsa"; type = key_type_from_name(key_type_name); type_bits_valid(type, &bits); if (!quiet) printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n", key_type_name); private = key_generate(type, bits); if (private == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n"); exit(1); } public = key_from_private(private); if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key"); /* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */ snprintf(dotsshdir, sizeof dotsshdir, "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR); if (strstr(identity_file, dotsshdir) != NULL) { if (stat(dotsshdir, &st) < 0) { if (errno != ENOENT) { error("Could not stat %s: %s", dotsshdir, strerror(errno)); } else if (mkdir(dotsshdir, 0700) < 0) { error("Could not create directory '%s': %s", dotsshdir, strerror(errno)); } else if (!quiet) printf("Created directory '%s'.\n", dotsshdir); } } /* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */ if (stat(identity_file, &st) >= 0) { char yesno[3]; printf("%s already exists.\n", identity_file); printf("Overwrite (y/n)? "); fflush(stdout); if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL) exit(1); if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y') exit(1); } /* Ask for a passphrase (twice). */ if (identity_passphrase) passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else if (identity_new_passphrase) passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); else { passphrase_again: passphrase1 = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase (empty for no " "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) { /* * The passphrases do not match. Clear them and * retry. */ memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1)); memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2)); xfree(passphrase1); xfree(passphrase2); printf("Passphrases do not match. Try again.\n"); goto passphrase_again; } /* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */ memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2)); xfree(passphrase2); } if (identity_comment) { strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment)); } else { /* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */ snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname); } /* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */ if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) { printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file); memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1)); xfree(passphrase1); exit(1); } /* Clear the passphrase. */ memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1)); xfree(passphrase1); /* Clear the private key and the random number generator. */ key_free(private); arc4random_stir(); if (!quiet) printf("Your identification has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file); strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file)); fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); if (fd == -1) { printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file); exit(1); } f = fdopen(fd, "w"); if (f == NULL) { printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file); exit(1); } if (!key_write(public, f)) fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n"); fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment); fclose(f); if (!quiet) { char *fp = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX); char *ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); printf("Your public key has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file); printf("The key fingerprint is:\n"); printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment); printf("The key's randomart image is:\n"); printf("%s\n", ra); xfree(ra); xfree(fp); } key_free(public); exit(0); }