/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.331 2019/06/06 05:13:13 otto Exp $ */ /* * Author: Tatu Ylonen * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen , Espoo, Finland * All rights reserved * Identity and host key generation and maintenance. * * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software * can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell". */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "xmalloc.h" #include "sshkey.h" #include "authfile.h" #include "uuencode.h" #include "sshbuf.h" #include "pathnames.h" #include "log.h" #include "misc.h" #include "match.h" #include "hostfile.h" #include "dns.h" #include "ssh.h" #include "ssh2.h" #include "ssherr.h" #include "atomicio.h" #include "krl.h" #include "digest.h" #include "utf8.h" #include "authfd.h" #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h" #endif #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL # define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "rsa" #else # define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "ed25519" #endif /* * Default number of bits in the RSA, DSA and ECDSA keys. These value can be * overridden on the command line. * * These values, with the exception of DSA, provide security equivalent to at * least 128 bits of security according to NIST Special Publication 800-57: * Recommendation for Key Management Part 1 rev 4 section 5.6.1. * For DSA it (and FIPS-186-4 section 4.2) specifies that the only size for * which a 160bit hash is acceptable is 1kbit, and since ssh-dss specifies only * SHA1 we limit the DSA key size 1k bits. */ #define DEFAULT_BITS 3072 #define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA 1024 #define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA 256 static int quiet = 0; /* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */ static int print_fingerprint = 0; static int print_bubblebabble = 0; /* Hash algorithm to use for fingerprints. */ static int fingerprint_hash = SSH_FP_HASH_DEFAULT; /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */ static char identity_file[1024]; static int have_identity = 0; /* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */ static char *identity_passphrase = NULL; /* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */ static char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL; /* Key type when certifying */ static u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER; /* "key ID" of signed key */ static char *cert_key_id = NULL; /* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */ static char *cert_principals = NULL; /* Validity period for certificates */ static u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0; static u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL; /* Certificate options */ #define CERTOPT_X_FWD (1) #define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD (1<<1) #define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD (1<<2) #define CERTOPT_PTY (1<<3) #define CERTOPT_USER_RC (1<<4) #define CERTOPT_DEFAULT (CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \ CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC) static u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT; static char *certflags_command = NULL; static char *certflags_src_addr = NULL; /* Arbitrary extensions specified by user */ struct cert_userext { char *key; char *val; int crit; }; static struct cert_userext *cert_userext; static size_t ncert_userext; /* Conversion to/from various formats */ enum { FMT_RFC4716, FMT_PKCS8, FMT_PEM } convert_format = FMT_RFC4716; static char *key_type_name = NULL; /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */ static char *pkcs11provider = NULL; /* Use new OpenSSH private key format when writing SSH2 keys instead of PEM */ static int use_new_format = 1; /* Cipher for new-format private keys */ static char *new_format_cipher = NULL; /* * Number of KDF rounds to derive new format keys / * number of primality trials when screening moduli. */ static int rounds = 0; /* argv0 */ extern char *__progname; static char hostname[NI_MAXHOST]; #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL /* moduli.c */ int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *); int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long, unsigned long); #endif static void type_bits_valid(int type, const char *name, u_int32_t *bitsp) { #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL u_int maxbits, nid; #endif if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) fatal("unknown key type %s", key_type_name); if (*bitsp == 0) { #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL if (type == KEY_DSA) *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA; else if (type == KEY_ECDSA) { if (name != NULL && (nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(name)) > 0) *bitsp = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid); if (*bitsp == 0) *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA; } else #endif *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS; } #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL maxbits = (type == KEY_DSA) ? OPENSSL_DSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS : OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS; if (*bitsp > maxbits) fatal("key bits exceeds maximum %d", maxbits); switch (type) { case KEY_DSA: if (*bitsp != 1024) fatal("Invalid DSA key length: must be 1024 bits"); break; case KEY_RSA: if (*bitsp < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE) fatal("Invalid RSA key length: minimum is %d bits", SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE); break; case KEY_ECDSA: if (sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1) fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length: valid lengths are " "256, 384 or 521 bits"); } #endif } static void ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt) { char buf[1024]; char *name = NULL; if (key_type_name == NULL) name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA; else { switch (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name)) { case KEY_DSA_CERT: case KEY_DSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA; break; case KEY_ECDSA_CERT: case KEY_ECDSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA; break; case KEY_RSA_CERT: case KEY_RSA: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA; break; case KEY_ED25519: case KEY_ED25519_CERT: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519; break; case KEY_XMSS: case KEY_XMSS_CERT: name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_XMSS; break; default: fatal("bad key type"); } } snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name); printf("%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file); fflush(stdout); if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL) exit(1); buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0'; if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0) strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file)); have_identity = 1; } static struct sshkey * load_identity(char *filename) { char *pass; struct sshkey *prv; int r; if ((r = sshkey_load_private(filename, "", &prv, NULL)) == 0) return prv; if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) fatal("Load key \"%s\": %s", filename, ssh_err(r)); if (identity_passphrase) pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); r = sshkey_load_private(filename, pass, &prv, NULL); explicit_bzero(pass, strlen(pass)); free(pass); if (r != 0) fatal("Load key \"%s\": %s", filename, ssh_err(r)); return prv; } #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END "---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----" #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC 0x3f6ff9eb #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL static void do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey *k) { size_t len; u_char *blob; char comment[61]; int r; if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(k, &blob, &len)) != 0) fatal("key_to_blob failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); /* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */ snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH", sshkey_size(k), sshkey_type(k), pw->pw_name, hostname); fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN); fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n", comment); dump_base64(stdout, blob, len); fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END); sshkey_free(k); free(blob); exit(0); } static void do_convert_to_pkcs8(struct sshkey *k) { switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) { case KEY_RSA: if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa)) fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed"); break; case KEY_DSA: if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa)) fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed"); break; case KEY_ECDSA: if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa)) fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed"); break; default: fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k)); } exit(0); } static void do_convert_to_pem(struct sshkey *k) { switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) { case KEY_RSA: if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa)) fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed"); break; default: fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k)); } exit(0); } static void do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw) { struct sshkey *k; struct stat st; int r; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &k, NULL)) != 0) k = load_identity(identity_file); switch (convert_format) { case FMT_RFC4716: do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k); break; case FMT_PKCS8: do_convert_to_pkcs8(k); break; case FMT_PEM: do_convert_to_pem(k); break; default: fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format); } exit(0); } /* * This is almost exactly the bignum1 encoding, but with 32 bit for length * instead of 16. */ static void buffer_get_bignum_bits(struct sshbuf *b, BIGNUM *value) { u_int bytes, bignum_bits; int r; if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &bignum_bits)) != 0) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8; if (sshbuf_len(b) < bytes) fatal("%s: input buffer too small: need %d have %zu", __func__, bytes, sshbuf_len(b)); if (BN_bin2bn(sshbuf_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL) fatal("%s: BN_bin2bn failed", __func__); if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, bytes)) != 0) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); } static struct sshkey * do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(u_char *blob, u_int blen) { struct sshbuf *b; struct sshkey *key = NULL; char *type, *cipher; u_char e1, e2, e3, *sig = NULL, data[] = "abcde12345"; int r, rlen, ktype; u_int magic, i1, i2, i3, i4; size_t slen; u_long e; BIGNUM *dsa_p = NULL, *dsa_q = NULL, *dsa_g = NULL; BIGNUM *dsa_pub_key = NULL, *dsa_priv_key = NULL; BIGNUM *rsa_n = NULL, *rsa_e = NULL, *rsa_d = NULL; BIGNUM *rsa_p = NULL, *rsa_q = NULL, *rsa_iqmp = NULL; if ((b = sshbuf_from(blob, blen)) == NULL) fatal("%s: sshbuf_from failed", __func__); if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &magic)) != 0) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) { error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC); sshbuf_free(b); return NULL; } if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i1)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &type, NULL)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &cipher, NULL)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i2)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i3)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i4)) != 0) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4); if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) { error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher); free(cipher); sshbuf_free(b); free(type); return NULL; } free(cipher); if (strstr(type, "dsa")) { ktype = KEY_DSA; } else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) { ktype = KEY_RSA; } else { sshbuf_free(b); free(type); return NULL; } if ((key = sshkey_new(ktype)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); free(type); switch (key->type) { case KEY_DSA: if ((dsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL || (dsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL || (dsa_g = BN_new()) == NULL || (dsa_pub_key = BN_new()) == NULL || (dsa_priv_key = BN_new()) == NULL) fatal("%s: BN_new", __func__); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_p); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_g); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_q); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_pub_key); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_priv_key); if (!DSA_set0_pqg(key->dsa, dsa_p, dsa_q, dsa_g)) fatal("%s: DSA_set0_pqg failed", __func__); dsa_p = dsa_q = dsa_g = NULL; /* transferred */ if (!DSA_set0_key(key->dsa, dsa_pub_key, dsa_priv_key)) fatal("%s: DSA_set0_key failed", __func__); dsa_pub_key = dsa_priv_key = NULL; /* transferred */ break; case KEY_RSA: if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e1)) != 0 || (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e2)) != 0) || (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e3)) != 0)) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); e = e1; debug("e %lx", e); if (e < 30) { e <<= 8; e += e2; debug("e %lx", e); e <<= 8; e += e3; debug("e %lx", e); } if ((rsa_e = BN_new()) == NULL) fatal("%s: BN_new", __func__); if (!BN_set_word(rsa_e, e)) { BN_clear_free(rsa_e); sshbuf_free(b); sshkey_free(key); return NULL; } if ((rsa_n = BN_new()) == NULL || (rsa_d = BN_new()) == NULL || (rsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL || (rsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL || (rsa_iqmp = BN_new()) == NULL) fatal("%s: BN_new", __func__); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_d); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_n); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_iqmp); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_q); buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_p); if (!RSA_set0_key(key->rsa, rsa_n, rsa_e, rsa_d)) fatal("%s: RSA_set0_key failed", __func__); rsa_n = rsa_e = rsa_d = NULL; /* transferred */ if (!RSA_set0_factors(key->rsa, rsa_p, rsa_q)) fatal("%s: RSA_set0_factors failed", __func__); rsa_p = rsa_q = NULL; /* transferred */ if ((r = ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(key, rsa_iqmp)) != 0) fatal("generate RSA parameters failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); BN_clear_free(rsa_iqmp); break; } rlen = sshbuf_len(b); if (rlen != 0) error("do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob: " "remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen); sshbuf_free(b); /* try the key */ if (sshkey_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data), NULL, 0) != 0 || sshkey_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data), NULL, 0) != 0) { sshkey_free(key); free(sig); return NULL; } free(sig); return key; } static int get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len) { int c; size_t pos = 0; line[0] = '\0'; while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) { if (pos >= len - 1) fatal("input line too long."); switch (c) { case '\r': c = fgetc(fp); if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF) fatal("unget: %s", strerror(errno)); return pos; case '\n': return pos; } line[pos++] = c; line[pos] = '\0'; } /* We reached EOF */ return -1; } static void do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey **k, int *private) { int r, blen, escaped = 0; u_int len; char line[1024]; u_char blob[8096]; char encoded[8096]; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); encoded[0] = '\0'; while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) { if (blen > 0 && line[blen - 1] == '\\') escaped++; if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 || strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) { if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL) *private = 1; if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) { break; } /* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */ continue; } if (escaped) { escaped--; /* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */ continue; } strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded)); } len = strlen(encoded); if (((len % 4) == 3) && (encoded[len-1] == '=') && (encoded[len-2] == '=') && (encoded[len-3] == '=')) encoded[len-3] = '\0'; blen = uudecode(encoded, blob, sizeof(blob)); if (blen < 0) fatal("uudecode failed."); if (*private) *k = do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(blob, blen); else if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(blob, blen, k)) != 0) fatal("decode blob failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); fclose(fp); } static void do_convert_from_pkcs8(struct sshkey **k, int *private) { EVP_PKEY *pubkey; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) { fatal("%s: %s is not a recognised public key format", __func__, identity_file); } fclose(fp); switch (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pubkey)) { case EVP_PKEY_RSA: if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); (*k)->type = KEY_RSA; (*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey); break; case EVP_PKEY_DSA: if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); (*k)->type = KEY_DSA; (*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey); break; case EVP_PKEY_EC: if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); (*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA; (*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey); (*k)->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa); break; default: fatal("%s: unsupported pubkey type %d", __func__, EVP_PKEY_base_id(pubkey)); } EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey); return; } static void do_convert_from_pem(struct sshkey **k, int *private) { FILE *fp; RSA *rsa; if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) { if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); (*k)->type = KEY_RSA; (*k)->rsa = rsa; fclose(fp); return; } fatal("%s: unrecognised raw private key format", __func__); } static void do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw) { struct sshkey *k = NULL; int r, private = 0, ok = 0; struct stat st; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); switch (convert_format) { case FMT_RFC4716: do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private); break; case FMT_PKCS8: do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private); break; case FMT_PEM: do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private); break; default: fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format); } if (!private) { if ((r = sshkey_write(k, stdout)) == 0) ok = 1; if (ok) fprintf(stdout, "\n"); } else { switch (k->type) { case KEY_DSA: ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; case KEY_ECDSA: ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; case KEY_RSA: ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); break; default: fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k)); } } if (!ok) fatal("key write failed"); sshkey_free(k); exit(0); } #endif static void do_print_public(struct passwd *pw) { struct sshkey *prv; struct stat st; int r; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); prv = load_identity(identity_file); if ((r = sshkey_write(prv, stdout)) != 0) error("sshkey_write failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); sshkey_free(prv); fprintf(stdout, "\n"); exit(0); } static void do_download(struct passwd *pw) { #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 struct sshkey **keys = NULL; int i, nkeys; enum sshkey_fp_rep rep; int fptype; char *fp, *ra; fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash; rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT; pkcs11_init(1); nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys); if (nkeys <= 0) fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11"); for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) { if (print_fingerprint) { fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fptype, rep); ra = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL) fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__); printf("%u %s %s (PKCS11 key)\n", sshkey_size(keys[i]), fp, sshkey_type(keys[i])); if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE) printf("%s\n", ra); free(ra); free(fp); } else { (void) sshkey_write(keys[i], stdout); /* XXX check */ fprintf(stdout, "\n"); } sshkey_free(keys[i]); } free(keys); pkcs11_terminate(); exit(0); #else fatal("no pkcs11 support"); #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */ } static struct sshkey * try_read_key(char **cpp) { struct sshkey *ret; int r; if ((ret = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new failed"); if ((r = sshkey_read(ret, cpp)) == 0) return ret; /* Not a key */ sshkey_free(ret); return NULL; } static void fingerprint_one_key(const struct sshkey *public, const char *comment) { char *fp = NULL, *ra = NULL; enum sshkey_fp_rep rep; int fptype; fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash; rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT; fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep); ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL) fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed", __func__); mprintf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", sshkey_size(public), fp, comment ? comment : "no comment", sshkey_type(public)); if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE) printf("%s\n", ra); free(ra); free(fp); } static void fingerprint_private(const char *path) { struct stat st; char *comment = NULL; struct sshkey *public = NULL; int r; if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &public, &comment)) != 0) { debug("load public \"%s\": %s", path, ssh_err(r)); if ((r = sshkey_load_private(path, NULL, &public, &comment)) != 0) { debug("load private \"%s\": %s", path, ssh_err(r)); fatal("%s is not a key file.", path); } } fingerprint_one_key(public, comment); sshkey_free(public); free(comment); } static void do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw) { FILE *f; struct sshkey *public = NULL; char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, *line = NULL; size_t linesize = 0; int i, invalid = 1; const char *path; u_long lnum = 0; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); path = identity_file; if (strcmp(identity_file, "-") == 0) { f = stdin; path = "(stdin)"; } else if ((f = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, path, strerror(errno)); while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) { lnum++; cp = line; cp[strcspn(cp, "\n")] = '\0'; /* Trim leading space and comments */ cp = line + strspn(line, " \t"); if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\0') continue; /* * Input may be plain keys, private keys, authorized_keys * or known_hosts. */ /* * Try private keys first. Assume a key is private if * "SSH PRIVATE KEY" appears on the first line and we're * not reading from stdin (XXX support private keys on stdin). */ if (lnum == 1 && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0 && strstr(cp, "PRIVATE KEY") != NULL) { free(line); fclose(f); fingerprint_private(path); exit(0); } /* * If it's not a private key, then this must be prepared to * accept a public key prefixed with a hostname or options. * Try a bare key first, otherwise skip the leading stuff. */ if ((public = try_read_key(&cp)) == NULL) { i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10); if (i == 0 || ep == NULL || (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) { int quoted = 0; comment = cp; for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t')); cp++) { if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"') cp++; /* Skip both */ else if (*cp == '"') quoted = !quoted; } if (!*cp) continue; *cp++ = '\0'; } } /* Retry after parsing leading hostname/key options */ if (public == NULL && (public = try_read_key(&cp)) == NULL) { debug("%s:%lu: not a public key", path, lnum); continue; } /* Find trailing comment, if any */ for (; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++) ; if (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '#') comment = cp; fingerprint_one_key(public, comment); sshkey_free(public); invalid = 0; /* One good key in the file is sufficient */ } fclose(f); free(line); if (invalid) fatal("%s is not a public key file.", path); exit(0); } static void do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw) { struct { char *key_type; char *key_type_display; char *path; } key_types[] = { #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL { "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE }, { "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE }, { "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE }, #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */ { "ed25519", "ED25519",_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE }, #ifdef WITH_XMSS { "xmss", "XMSS",_PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE }, #endif /* WITH_XMSS */ { NULL, NULL, NULL } }; u_int bits = 0; int first = 0; struct stat st; struct sshkey *private, *public; char comment[1024], *prv_tmp, *pub_tmp, *prv_file, *pub_file; int i, type, fd, r; FILE *f; for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) { public = private = NULL; prv_tmp = pub_tmp = prv_file = pub_file = NULL; xasprintf(&prv_file, "%s%s", identity_file, key_types[i].path); /* Check whether private key exists and is not zero-length */ if (stat(prv_file, &st) == 0) { if (st.st_size != 0) goto next; } else if (errno != ENOENT) { error("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path, strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } /* * Private key doesn't exist or is invalid; proceed with * key generation. */ xasprintf(&prv_tmp, "%s%s.XXXXXXXXXX", identity_file, key_types[i].path); xasprintf(&pub_tmp, "%s%s.pub.XXXXXXXXXX", identity_file, key_types[i].path); xasprintf(&pub_file, "%s%s.pub", identity_file, key_types[i].path); if (first == 0) { first = 1; printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname); } printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display); fflush(stdout); type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type); if ((fd = mkstemp(prv_tmp)) == -1) { error("Could not save your public key in %s: %s", prv_tmp, strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } close(fd); /* just using mkstemp() to generate/reserve a name */ bits = 0; type_bits_valid(type, NULL, &bits); if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) { error("sshkey_generate failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); goto failnext; } if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0) fatal("sshkey_from_private failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname); if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, prv_tmp, "", comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s", prv_tmp, ssh_err(r)); goto failnext; } if ((fd = mkstemp(pub_tmp)) == -1) { error("Could not save your public key in %s: %s", pub_tmp, strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } (void)fchmod(fd, 0644); f = fdopen(fd, "w"); if (f == NULL) { error("fdopen %s failed: %s", pub_tmp, strerror(errno)); close(fd); goto failnext; } if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0) { error("write key failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); fclose(f); goto failnext; } fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment); if (ferror(f) != 0) { error("write key failed: %s", strerror(errno)); fclose(f); goto failnext; } if (fclose(f) != 0) { error("key close failed: %s", strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } /* Rename temporary files to their permanent locations. */ if (rename(pub_tmp, pub_file) != 0) { error("Unable to move %s into position: %s", pub_file, strerror(errno)); goto failnext; } if (rename(prv_tmp, prv_file) != 0) { error("Unable to move %s into position: %s", key_types[i].path, strerror(errno)); failnext: first = 0; goto next; } next: sshkey_free(private); sshkey_free(public); free(prv_tmp); free(pub_tmp); free(prv_file); free(pub_file); } if (first != 0) printf("\n"); } struct known_hosts_ctx { const char *host; /* Hostname searched for in find/delete case */ FILE *out; /* Output file, stdout for find_hosts case */ int has_unhashed; /* When hashing, original had unhashed hosts */ int found_key; /* For find/delete, host was found */ int invalid; /* File contained invalid items; don't delete */ int hash_hosts; /* Hash hostnames as we go */ int find_host; /* Search for specific hostname */ int delete_host; /* Delete host from known_hosts */ }; static int known_hosts_hash(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx) { struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx; char *hashed, *cp, *hosts, *ohosts; int has_wild = l->hosts && strcspn(l->hosts, "*?!") != strlen(l->hosts); int was_hashed = l->hosts && l->hosts[0] == HASH_DELIM; switch (l->status) { case HKF_STATUS_OK: case HKF_STATUS_MATCHED: /* * Don't hash hosts already already hashed, with wildcard * characters or a CA/revocation marker. */ if (was_hashed || has_wild || l->marker != MRK_NONE) { fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); if (has_wild && !ctx->find_host) { logit("%s:%lu: ignoring host name " "with wildcard: %.64s", l->path, l->linenum, l->hosts); } return 0; } /* * Split any comma-separated hostnames from the host list, * hash and store separately. */ ohosts = hosts = xstrdup(l->hosts); while ((cp = strsep(&hosts, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0') { lowercase(cp); if ((hashed = host_hash(cp, NULL, 0)) == NULL) fatal("hash_host failed"); fprintf(ctx->out, "%s %s\n", hashed, l->rawkey); ctx->has_unhashed = 1; } free(ohosts); return 0; case HKF_STATUS_INVALID: /* Retain invalid lines, but mark file as invalid. */ ctx->invalid = 1; logit("%s:%lu: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum); /* FALLTHROUGH */ default: fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); return 0; } /* NOTREACHED */ return -1; } static int known_hosts_find_delete(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx) { struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx; enum sshkey_fp_rep rep; int fptype; char *fp; fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash; rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT; if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_MATCHED) { if (ctx->delete_host) { if (l->marker != MRK_NONE) { /* Don't remove CA and revocation lines */ fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); } else { /* * Hostname matches and has no CA/revoke * marker, delete it by *not* writing the * line to ctx->out. */ ctx->found_key = 1; if (!quiet) printf("# Host %s found: line %lu\n", ctx->host, l->linenum); } return 0; } else if (ctx->find_host) { ctx->found_key = 1; if (!quiet) { printf("# Host %s found: line %lu %s\n", ctx->host, l->linenum, l->marker == MRK_CA ? "CA" : (l->marker == MRK_REVOKE ? "REVOKED" : "")); } if (ctx->hash_hosts) known_hosts_hash(l, ctx); else if (print_fingerprint) { fp = sshkey_fingerprint(l->key, fptype, rep); mprintf("%s %s %s %s\n", ctx->host, sshkey_type(l->key), fp, l->comment); free(fp); } else fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); return 0; } } else if (ctx->delete_host) { /* Retain non-matching hosts when deleting */ if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_INVALID) { ctx->invalid = 1; logit("%s:%lu: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum); } fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line); } return 0; } static void do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name, int find_host, int delete_host, int hash_hosts) { char *cp, tmp[PATH_MAX], old[PATH_MAX]; int r, fd, oerrno, inplace = 0; struct known_hosts_ctx ctx; u_int foreach_options; if (!have_identity) { cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid); if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file)) fatal("Specified known hosts path too long"); free(cp); have_identity = 1; } memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx)); ctx.out = stdout; ctx.host = name; ctx.hash_hosts = hash_hosts; ctx.find_host = find_host; ctx.delete_host = delete_host; /* * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place * A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout */ if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) { if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) || strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) || strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) || strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old)) fatal("known_hosts path too long"); umask(077); if ((fd = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1) fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno)); if ((ctx.out = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) { oerrno = errno; unlink(tmp); fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(oerrno)); } inplace = 1; } /* XXX support identity_file == "-" for stdin */ foreach_options = find_host ? HKF_WANT_MATCH : 0; foreach_options |= print_fingerprint ? HKF_WANT_PARSE_KEY : 0; if ((r = hostkeys_foreach(identity_file, (find_host || !hash_hosts) ? known_hosts_find_delete : known_hosts_hash, &ctx, name, NULL, foreach_options)) != 0) { if (inplace) unlink(tmp); fatal("%s: hostkeys_foreach failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); } if (inplace) fclose(ctx.out); if (ctx.invalid) { error("%s is not a valid known_hosts file.", identity_file); if (inplace) { error("Not replacing existing known_hosts " "file because of errors"); unlink(tmp); } exit(1); } else if (delete_host && !ctx.found_key) { logit("Host %s not found in %s", name, identity_file); if (inplace) unlink(tmp); } else if (inplace) { /* Backup existing file */ if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT) fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno)); if (link(identity_file, old) == -1) fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old, strerror(errno)); /* Move new one into place */ if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) { error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file, strerror(errno)); unlink(tmp); unlink(old); exit(1); } printf("%s updated.\n", identity_file); printf("Original contents retained as %s\n", old); if (ctx.has_unhashed) { logit("WARNING: %s contains unhashed entries", old); logit("Delete this file to ensure privacy " "of hostnames"); } } exit (find_host && !ctx.found_key); } /* * Perform changing a passphrase. The argument is the passwd structure * for the current user. */ static void do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw) { char *comment; char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2; struct stat st; struct sshkey *private; int r; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); /* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */ r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "", &private, &comment); if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) { if (identity_passphrase) old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else old_passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase, &private, &comment); explicit_bzero(old_passphrase, strlen(old_passphrase)); free(old_passphrase); if (r != 0) goto badkey; } else if (r != 0) { badkey: fatal("Failed to load key %s: %s", identity_file, ssh_err(r)); } if (comment) mprintf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment); /* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */ if (identity_new_passphrase) { passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); passphrase2 = NULL; } else { passphrase1 = read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no " "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); /* Verify that they are the same. */ if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) { explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2)); free(passphrase1); free(passphrase2); printf("Pass phrases do not match. Try again.\n"); exit(1); } /* Destroy the other copy. */ explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2)); free(passphrase2); } /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */ if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s.", identity_file, ssh_err(r)); explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); free(passphrase1); sshkey_free(private); free(comment); exit(1); } /* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */ explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); free(passphrase1); sshkey_free(private); /* Destroys contents */ free(comment); printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n"); exit(0); } /* * Print the SSHFP RR. */ static int do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname, int print_generic) { struct sshkey *public; char *comment = NULL; struct stat st; int r; if (fname == NULL) fatal("%s: no filename", __func__); if (stat(fname, &st) < 0) { if (errno == ENOENT) return 0; fatal("%s: %s", fname, strerror(errno)); } if ((r = sshkey_load_public(fname, &public, &comment)) != 0) fatal("Failed to read v2 public key from \"%s\": %s.", fname, ssh_err(r)); export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic); sshkey_free(public); free(comment); return 1; } /* * Change the comment of a private key file. */ static void do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw, const char *identity_comment) { char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase; struct sshkey *private; struct sshkey *public; struct stat st; FILE *f; int r, fd; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "", &private, &comment)) == 0) passphrase = xstrdup(""); else if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) fatal("Cannot load private key \"%s\": %s.", identity_file, ssh_err(r)); else { if (identity_passphrase) passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else if (identity_new_passphrase) passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); else passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); /* Try to load using the passphrase. */ if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, passphrase, &private, &comment)) != 0) { explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); free(passphrase); fatal("Cannot load private key \"%s\": %s.", identity_file, ssh_err(r)); } } if (private->type != KEY_ED25519 && private->type != KEY_XMSS && !use_new_format) { error("Comments are only supported for keys stored in " "the new format (-o)."); explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); sshkey_free(private); exit(1); } if (comment) printf("Old comment: %s\n", comment); else printf("No existing comment\n"); if (identity_comment) { strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment)); } else { printf("New comment: "); fflush(stdout); if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) { explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); sshkey_free(private); exit(1); } new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0'; } if (comment != NULL && strcmp(comment, new_comment) == 0) { printf("No change to comment\n"); free(passphrase); sshkey_free(private); free(comment); exit(0); } /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */ if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase, new_comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s", identity_file, ssh_err(r)); explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); free(passphrase); sshkey_free(private); free(comment); exit(1); } explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase)); free(passphrase); if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0) fatal("sshkey_from_private failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); sshkey_free(private); strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file)); fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); if (fd == -1) fatal("Could not save your public key in %s", identity_file); f = fdopen(fd, "w"); if (f == NULL) fatal("fdopen %s failed: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0) fatal("write key failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); sshkey_free(public); fprintf(f, " %s\n", new_comment); fclose(f); free(comment); if (strlen(new_comment) > 0) printf("Comment '%s' applied\n", new_comment); else printf("Comment removed\n"); exit(0); } static void add_flag_option(struct sshbuf *c, const char *name) { int r; debug3("%s: %s", __func__, name); if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, name)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_put_string(c, NULL, 0)) != 0) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); } static void add_string_option(struct sshbuf *c, const char *name, const char *value) { struct sshbuf *b; int r; debug3("%s: %s=%s", __func__, name, value); if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__); if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, value)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, name)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(c, b)) != 0) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); sshbuf_free(b); } #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL 1 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS 2 static void prepare_options_buf(struct sshbuf *c, int which) { size_t i; sshbuf_reset(c); if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 && certflags_command != NULL) add_string_option(c, "force-command", certflags_command); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-X11-forwarding"); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-agent-forwarding"); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-port-forwarding"); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-pty"); if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 && (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0) add_flag_option(c, "permit-user-rc"); if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 && certflags_src_addr != NULL) add_string_option(c, "source-address", certflags_src_addr); for (i = 0; i < ncert_userext; i++) { if ((cert_userext[i].crit && (which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS)) || (!cert_userext[i].crit && (which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL))) continue; if (cert_userext[i].val == NULL) add_flag_option(c, cert_userext[i].key); else { add_string_option(c, cert_userext[i].key, cert_userext[i].val); } } } static struct sshkey * load_pkcs11_key(char *path) { #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 struct sshkey **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL; int r, i, nkeys; if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &public, NULL)) != 0) fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\": %s", path, ssh_err(r)); nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase, &keys); debug3("%s: %d keys", __func__, nkeys); if (nkeys <= 0) fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11"); for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) { if (sshkey_equal_public(public, keys[i])) { private = keys[i]; continue; } sshkey_free(keys[i]); } free(keys); sshkey_free(public); return private; #else fatal("no pkcs11 support"); #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */ } /* Signer for sshkey_certify_custom that uses the agent */ static int agent_signer(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp, const u_char *data, size_t datalen, const char *alg, u_int compat, void *ctx) { int *agent_fdp = (int *)ctx; return ssh_agent_sign(*agent_fdp, key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, alg, compat); } static void do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent, unsigned long long cert_serial, int cert_serial_autoinc, int argc, char **argv) { int r, i, fd, found, agent_fd = -1; u_int n; struct sshkey *ca, *public; char valid[64], *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment, **plist = NULL; FILE *f; struct ssh_identitylist *agent_ids; size_t j; #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 pkcs11_init(1); #endif tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid); if (pkcs11provider != NULL) { /* If a PKCS#11 token was specified then try to use it */ if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL) fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path); } else if (prefer_agent) { /* * Agent signature requested. Try to use agent after making * sure the public key specified is actually present in the * agent. */ if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0) fatal("Cannot load CA public key %s: %s", tmp, ssh_err(r)); if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0) fatal("Cannot use public key for CA signature: %s", ssh_err(r)); if ((r = ssh_fetch_identitylist(agent_fd, &agent_ids)) != 0) fatal("Retrieve agent key list: %s", ssh_err(r)); found = 0; for (j = 0; j < agent_ids->nkeys; j++) { if (sshkey_equal(ca, agent_ids->keys[j])) { found = 1; break; } } if (!found) fatal("CA key %s not found in agent", tmp); ssh_free_identitylist(agent_ids); ca->flags |= SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT; } else { /* CA key is assumed to be a private key on the filesystem */ ca = load_identity(tmp); } free(tmp); if (key_type_name != NULL && sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name) != ca->type) { fatal("CA key type %s doesn't match specified %s", sshkey_ssh_name(ca), key_type_name); } for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { /* Split list of principals */ n = 0; if (cert_principals != NULL) { otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals); plist = NULL; for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) { plist = xreallocarray(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist)); if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0') fatal("Empty principal name"); } free(otmp); } if (n > SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS) fatal("Too many certificate principals specified"); tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid); if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &public, &comment)) != 0) fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\": %s", __func__, tmp, ssh_err(r)); if (public->type != KEY_RSA && public->type != KEY_DSA && public->type != KEY_ECDSA && public->type != KEY_ED25519 && public->type != KEY_XMSS) fatal("%s: key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified", __func__, tmp, sshkey_type(public)); /* Prepare certificate to sign */ if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(public)) != 0) fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate: %s", tmp, ssh_err(r)); public->cert->type = cert_key_type; public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial; public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id); public->cert->nprincipals = n; public->cert->principals = plist; public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from; public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to; prepare_options_buf(public->cert->critical, OPTIONS_CRITICAL); prepare_options_buf(public->cert->extensions, OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS); if ((r = sshkey_from_private(ca, &public->cert->signature_key)) != 0) fatal("sshkey_from_private (ca key): %s", ssh_err(r)); if (agent_fd != -1 && (ca->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0) { if ((r = sshkey_certify_custom(public, ca, key_type_name, agent_signer, &agent_fd)) != 0) fatal("Couldn't certify key %s via agent: %s", tmp, ssh_err(r)); } else { if ((sshkey_certify(public, ca, key_type_name)) != 0) fatal("Couldn't certify key %s: %s", tmp, ssh_err(r)); } if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0) *cp = '\0'; xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp); free(tmp); if ((fd = open(out, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1) fatal("Could not open \"%s\" for writing: %s", out, strerror(errno)); if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) fatal("%s: fdopen: %s", __func__, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0) fatal("Could not write certified key to %s: %s", out, ssh_err(r)); fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment); fclose(f); if (!quiet) { sshkey_format_cert_validity(public->cert, valid, sizeof(valid)); logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s " "valid %s", sshkey_cert_type(public), out, public->cert->key_id, (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial, cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "", cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "", valid); } sshkey_free(public); free(out); if (cert_serial_autoinc) cert_serial++; } #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 pkcs11_terminate(); #endif exit(0); } static u_int64_t parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now) { int64_t mul, secs; mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1; if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1) fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s); if (mul == -1 && secs > now) fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s); return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul); } static void parse_cert_times(char *timespec) { char *from, *to; time_t now = time(NULL); int64_t secs; /* +timespec relative to now */ if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) { if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1) fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec); cert_valid_to = now + secs; /* * Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts * with poorly-synchronised clocks. */ cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60; return; } /* * from:to, where * from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS | "always" * to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS | "forever" */ from = xstrdup(timespec); to = strchr(from, ':'); if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0') fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec); *to++ = '\0'; if (*from == '-' || *from == '+') cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now); else if (strcmp(from, "always") == 0) cert_valid_from = 0; else if (parse_absolute_time(from, &cert_valid_from) != 0) fatal("Invalid from time \"%s\"", from); if (*to == '-' || *to == '+') cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, now); else if (strcmp(to, "forever") == 0) cert_valid_to = ~(u_int64_t)0; else if (parse_absolute_time(to, &cert_valid_to) != 0) fatal("Invalid to time \"%s\"", to); if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from) fatal("Empty certificate validity interval"); free(from); } static void add_cert_option(char *opt) { char *val, *cp; int iscrit = 0; if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0) certflags_flags = 0; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0) certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC; else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0) certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC; else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) { val = opt + 14; if (*val == '\0') fatal("Empty force-command option"); if (certflags_command != NULL) fatal("force-command already specified"); certflags_command = xstrdup(val); } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) { val = opt + 15; if (*val == '\0') fatal("Empty source-address option"); if (certflags_src_addr != NULL) fatal("source-address already specified"); if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0) fatal("Invalid source-address list"); certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val); } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "extension:", 10) == 0 || (iscrit = (strncasecmp(opt, "critical:", 9) == 0))) { val = xstrdup(strchr(opt, ':') + 1); if ((cp = strchr(val, '=')) != NULL) *cp++ = '\0'; cert_userext = xreallocarray(cert_userext, ncert_userext + 1, sizeof(*cert_userext)); cert_userext[ncert_userext].key = val; cert_userext[ncert_userext].val = cp == NULL ? NULL : xstrdup(cp); cert_userext[ncert_userext].crit = iscrit; ncert_userext++; } else fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt); } static void show_options(struct sshbuf *optbuf, int in_critical) { char *name, *arg; struct sshbuf *options, *option = NULL; int r; if ((options = sshbuf_fromb(optbuf)) == NULL) fatal("%s: sshbuf_fromb failed", __func__); while (sshbuf_len(options) != 0) { sshbuf_free(option); option = NULL; if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(options, &name, NULL)) != 0 || (r = sshbuf_froms(options, &option)) != 0) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); printf(" %s", name); if (!in_critical && (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 || strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0)) printf("\n"); else if (in_critical && (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 || strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) { if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(option, &arg, NULL)) != 0) fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); printf(" %s\n", arg); free(arg); } else { printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %zu)\n", sshbuf_len(option)); sshbuf_reset(option); } free(name); if (sshbuf_len(option) != 0) fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end"); } sshbuf_free(option); sshbuf_free(options); } static void print_cert(struct sshkey *key) { char valid[64], *key_fp, *ca_fp; u_int i; key_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT); ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT); if (key_fp == NULL || ca_fp == NULL) fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__); sshkey_format_cert_validity(key->cert, valid, sizeof(valid)); printf(" Type: %s %s certificate\n", sshkey_ssh_name(key), sshkey_cert_type(key)); printf(" Public key: %s %s\n", sshkey_type(key), key_fp); printf(" Signing CA: %s %s (using %s)\n", sshkey_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp, key->cert->signature_type); printf(" Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id); printf(" Serial: %llu\n", (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial); printf(" Valid: %s\n", valid); printf(" Principals: "); if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++) printf("\n %s", key->cert->principals[i]); printf("\n"); } printf(" Critical Options: "); if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->critical) == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { printf("\n"); show_options(key->cert->critical, 1); } printf(" Extensions: "); if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->extensions) == 0) printf("(none)\n"); else { printf("\n"); show_options(key->cert->extensions, 0); } } static void do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw) { struct sshkey *key = NULL; struct stat st; int r, is_stdin = 0, ok = 0; FILE *f; char *cp, *line = NULL; const char *path; size_t linesize = 0; u_long lnum = 0; if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is"); if (strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0 && stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno)); path = identity_file; if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) { f = stdin; path = "(stdin)"; is_stdin = 1; } else if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) fatal("fopen %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) { lnum++; sshkey_free(key); key = NULL; /* Trim leading space and comments */ cp = line + strspn(line, " \t"); if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\0') continue; if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new"); if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0) { error("%s:%lu: invalid key: %s", path, lnum, ssh_err(r)); continue; } if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) { error("%s:%lu is not a certificate", path, lnum); continue; } ok = 1; if (!is_stdin && lnum == 1) printf("%s:\n", path); else printf("%s:%lu:\n", path, lnum); print_cert(key); } free(line); sshkey_free(key); fclose(f); exit(ok ? 0 : 1); } #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL static void load_krl(const char *path, struct ssh_krl **krlp) { struct sshbuf *krlbuf; int r, fd; if ((krlbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal("sshbuf_new failed"); if ((fd = open(path, O_RDONLY)) == -1) fatal("open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_load_file(fd, krlbuf)) != 0) fatal("Unable to load KRL: %s", ssh_err(r)); close(fd); /* XXX check sigs */ if ((r = ssh_krl_from_blob(krlbuf, krlp, NULL, 0)) != 0 || *krlp == NULL) fatal("Invalid KRL file: %s", ssh_err(r)); sshbuf_free(krlbuf); } static void hash_to_blob(const char *cp, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp, const char *file, u_long lnum) { char *tmp; size_t tlen; struct sshbuf *b; int r; if (strncmp(cp, "SHA256:", 7) != 0) fatal("%s:%lu: unsupported hash algorithm", file, lnum); cp += 7; /* * OpenSSH base64 hashes omit trailing '=' * characters; put them back for decode. */ tlen = strlen(cp); tmp = xmalloc(tlen + 4 + 1); strlcpy(tmp, cp, tlen + 1); while ((tlen % 4) != 0) { tmp[tlen++] = '='; tmp[tlen] = '\0'; } if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__); if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(b, tmp)) != 0) fatal("%s:%lu: decode hash failed: %s", file, lnum, ssh_err(r)); free(tmp); *lenp = sshbuf_len(b); *blobp = xmalloc(*lenp); memcpy(*blobp, sshbuf_ptr(b), *lenp); sshbuf_free(b); } static void update_krl_from_file(struct passwd *pw, const char *file, int wild_ca, const struct sshkey *ca, struct ssh_krl *krl) { struct sshkey *key = NULL; u_long lnum = 0; char *path, *cp, *ep, *line = NULL; u_char *blob = NULL; size_t blen = 0, linesize = 0; unsigned long long serial, serial2; int i, was_explicit_key, was_sha1, was_sha256, was_hash, r; FILE *krl_spec; path = tilde_expand_filename(file, pw->pw_uid); if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) { krl_spec = stdin; free(path); path = xstrdup("(standard input)"); } else if ((krl_spec = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL) fatal("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno)); if (!quiet) printf("Revoking from %s\n", path); while (getline(&line, &linesize, krl_spec) != -1) { lnum++; was_explicit_key = was_sha1 = was_sha256 = was_hash = 0; cp = line + strspn(line, " \t"); /* Trim trailing space, comments and strip \n */ for (i = 0, r = -1; cp[i] != '\0'; i++) { if (cp[i] == '#' || cp[i] == '\n') { cp[i] = '\0'; break; } if (cp[i] == ' ' || cp[i] == '\t') { /* Remember the start of a span of whitespace */ if (r == -1) r = i; } else r = -1; } if (r != -1) cp[r] = '\0'; if (*cp == '\0') continue; if (strncasecmp(cp, "serial:", 7) == 0) { if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) { fatal("revoking certificates by serial number " "requires specification of a CA key"); } cp += 7; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); errno = 0; serial = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0); if (*cp == '\0' || (*ep != '\0' && *ep != '-')) fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"", path, lnum, cp); if (errno == ERANGE && serial == ULLONG_MAX) fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range", path, lnum); serial2 = serial; if (*ep == '-') { cp = ep + 1; errno = 0; serial2 = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0); if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0') fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"", path, lnum, cp); if (errno == ERANGE && serial2 == ULLONG_MAX) fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range", path, lnum); if (serial2 <= serial) fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial range " "%llu:%llu", path, lnum, (unsigned long long)serial, (unsigned long long)serial2); } if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_serial_range(krl, ca, serial, serial2) != 0) { fatal("%s: revoke serial failed", __func__); } } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "id:", 3) == 0) { if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) { fatal("revoking certificates by key ID " "requires specification of a CA key"); } cp += 3; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_key_id(krl, ca, cp) != 0) fatal("%s: revoke key ID failed", __func__); } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "hash:", 5) == 0) { cp += 5; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); hash_to_blob(cp, &blob, &blen, file, lnum); r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha256(krl, blob, blen); } else { if (strncasecmp(cp, "key:", 4) == 0) { cp += 4; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); was_explicit_key = 1; } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha1:", 5) == 0) { cp += 5; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); was_sha1 = 1; } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha256:", 7) == 0) { cp += 7; cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t"); was_sha256 = 1; /* * Just try to process the line as a key. * Parsing will fail if it isn't. */ } if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) fatal("sshkey_new"); if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0) fatal("%s:%lu: invalid key: %s", path, lnum, ssh_err(r)); if (was_explicit_key) r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_explicit(krl, key); else if (was_sha1) { if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(key, SSH_DIGEST_SHA1, &blob, &blen) != 0) { fatal("%s:%lu: fingerprint failed", file, lnum); } r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha1(krl, blob, blen); } else if (was_sha256) { if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(key, SSH_DIGEST_SHA256, &blob, &blen) != 0) { fatal("%s:%lu: fingerprint failed", file, lnum); } r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha256(krl, blob, blen); } else r = ssh_krl_revoke_key(krl, key); if (r != 0) fatal("%s: revoke key failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r)); freezero(blob, blen); blob = NULL; blen = 0; sshkey_free(key); } } if (strcmp(path, "-") != 0) fclose(krl_spec); free(line); free(path); } static void do_gen_krl(struct passwd *pw, int updating, const char *ca_key_path, unsigned long long krl_version, const char *krl_comment, int argc, char **argv) { struct ssh_krl *krl; struct stat sb; struct sshkey *ca = NULL; int fd, i, r, wild_ca = 0; char *tmp; struct sshbuf *kbuf; if (*identity_file == '\0') fatal("KRL generation requires an output file"); if (stat(identity_file, &sb) == -1) { if (errno != ENOENT) fatal("Cannot access KRL \"%s\": %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); if (updating) fatal("KRL \"%s\" does not exist", identity_file); } if (ca_key_path != NULL) { if (strcasecmp(ca_key_path, "none") == 0) wild_ca = 1; else { tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid); if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0) fatal("Cannot load CA public key %s: %s", tmp, ssh_err(r)); free(tmp); } } if (updating) load_krl(identity_file, &krl); else if ((krl = ssh_krl_init()) == NULL) fatal("couldn't create KRL"); if (krl_version != 0) ssh_krl_set_version(krl, krl_version); if (krl_comment != NULL) ssh_krl_set_comment(krl, krl_comment); for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) update_krl_from_file(pw, argv[i], wild_ca, ca, krl); if ((kbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) fatal("sshbuf_new failed"); if (ssh_krl_to_blob(krl, kbuf, NULL, 0) != 0) fatal("Couldn't generate KRL"); if ((fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1) fatal("open %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); if (atomicio(vwrite, fd, sshbuf_mutable_ptr(kbuf), sshbuf_len(kbuf)) != sshbuf_len(kbuf)) fatal("write %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); close(fd); sshbuf_free(kbuf); ssh_krl_free(krl); sshkey_free(ca); } static void do_check_krl(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv) { int i, r, ret = 0; char *comment; struct ssh_krl *krl; struct sshkey *k; if (*identity_file == '\0') fatal("KRL checking requires an input file"); load_krl(identity_file, &krl); for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { if ((r = sshkey_load_public(argv[i], &k, &comment)) != 0) fatal("Cannot load public key %s: %s", argv[i], ssh_err(r)); r = ssh_krl_check_key(krl, k); printf("%s%s%s%s: %s\n", argv[i], *comment ? " (" : "", comment, *comment ? ")" : "", r == 0 ? "ok" : "REVOKED"); if (r != 0) ret = 1; sshkey_free(k); free(comment); } ssh_krl_free(krl); exit(ret); } #endif static void usage(void) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: ssh-keygen [-q] [-b bits] [-t dsa | ecdsa | ed25519 | rsa] [-m format]\n" " [-N new_passphrase] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -p [-P old_passphrase] [-N new_passphrase] [-m format]\n" " [-f keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -i [-m key_format] [-f input_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -e [-m key_format] [-f input_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -c [-P passphrase] [-C comment] [-f keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -l [-v] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-f input_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]\n"); #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11 fprintf(stderr, " ssh-keygen -D pkcs11\n"); #endif fprintf(stderr, " ssh-keygen -F hostname [-f known_hosts_file] [-l]\n" " ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]\n" " ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]\n" " ssh-keygen -r hostname [-f input_keyfile] [-g]\n" #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL " ssh-keygen -G output_file [-v] [-b bits] [-M memory] [-S start_point]\n" " ssh-keygen -T output_file -f input_file [-v] [-a rounds] [-J num_lines]\n" " [-j start_line] [-K checkpt] [-W generator]\n" #endif " ssh-keygen -s ca_key -I certificate_identity [-h] [-U]\n" " [-D pkcs11_provider] [-n principals] [-O option]\n" " [-V validity_interval] [-z serial_number] file ...\n" " ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]\n" " ssh-keygen -A\n" " ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]\n" " file ...\n" " ssh-keygen -Q -f krl_file file ...\n"); exit(1); } /* * Main program for key management. */ int main(int argc, char **argv) { char dotsshdir[PATH_MAX], comment[1024], *passphrase1, *passphrase2; char *rr_hostname = NULL, *ep, *fp, *ra; struct sshkey *private, *public; struct passwd *pw; struct stat st; int r, opt, type, fd; int change_passphrase = 0, change_comment = 0, show_cert = 0; int find_host = 0, delete_host = 0, hash_hosts = 0; int gen_all_hostkeys = 0, gen_krl = 0, update_krl = 0, check_krl = 0; int prefer_agent = 0, convert_to = 0, convert_from = 0; int print_public = 0, print_generic = 0, cert_serial_autoinc = 0; unsigned long long cert_serial = 0; char *identity_comment = NULL, *ca_key_path = NULL; u_int bits = 0; FILE *f; const char *errstr; int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO; #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL /* Moduli generation/screening */ char out_file[PATH_MAX], *checkpoint = NULL; u_int32_t memory = 0, generator_wanted = 0; int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0; unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0; BIGNUM *start = NULL; #endif extern int optind; extern char *optarg; /* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */ sanitise_stdfd(); OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms(); log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1); setlocale(LC_CTYPE, ""); /* we need this for the home * directory. */ pw = getpwuid(getuid()); if (!pw) fatal("No user exists for uid %lu", (u_long)getuid()); if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) < 0) fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno)); /* Remaining characters: Ydw */ while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "ABHLQUXceghiklopquvxy" "C:D:E:F:G:I:J:K:M:N:O:P:R:S:T:V:W:Z:" "a:b:f:g:j:m:n:r:s:t:z:")) != -1) { switch (opt) { case 'A': gen_all_hostkeys = 1; break; case 'b': bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 10, 32768, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)", optarg, errstr); break; case 'E': fingerprint_hash = ssh_digest_alg_by_name(optarg); if (fingerprint_hash == -1) fatal("Invalid hash algorithm \"%s\"", optarg); break; case 'F': find_host = 1; rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'H': hash_hosts = 1; break; case 'I': cert_key_id = optarg; break; case 'R': delete_host = 1; rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'L': show_cert = 1; break; case 'l': print_fingerprint = 1; break; case 'B': print_bubblebabble = 1; break; case 'm': if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 || strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_RFC4716; break; } if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_PKCS8; break; } if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) { convert_format = FMT_PEM; use_new_format = 0; break; } fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg); case 'n': cert_principals = optarg; break; case 'o': /* no-op; new format is already the default */ break; case 'p': change_passphrase = 1; break; case 'c': change_comment = 1; break; case 'f': if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg, sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file)) fatal("Identity filename too long"); have_identity = 1; break; case 'g': print_generic = 1; break; case 'P': identity_passphrase = optarg; break; case 'N': identity_new_passphrase = optarg; break; case 'Q': check_krl = 1; break; case 'O': add_cert_option(optarg); break; case 'Z': new_format_cipher = optarg; break; case 'C': identity_comment = optarg; break; case 'q': quiet = 1; break; case 'e': case 'x': /* export key */ convert_to = 1; break; case 'h': cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST; certflags_flags = 0; break; case 'k': gen_krl = 1; break; case 'i': case 'X': /* import key */ convert_from = 1; break; case 'y': print_public = 1; break; case 's': ca_key_path = optarg; break; case 't': key_type_name = optarg; break; case 'D': pkcs11provider = optarg; break; case 'U': prefer_agent = 1; break; case 'u': update_krl = 1; break; case 'v': if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO) log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1; else { if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 && log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3) log_level++; } break; case 'r': rr_hostname = optarg; break; case 'a': rounds = (int)strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)", optarg, errstr); break; case 'V': parse_cert_times(optarg); break; case 'z': errno = 0; if (*optarg == '+') { cert_serial_autoinc = 1; optarg++; } cert_serial = strtoull(optarg, &ep, 10); if (*optarg < '0' || *optarg > '9' || *ep != '\0' || (errno == ERANGE && cert_serial == ULLONG_MAX)) fatal("Invalid serial number \"%s\"", optarg); break; #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL /* Moduli generation/screening */ case 'G': do_gen_candidates = 1; if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >= sizeof(out_file)) fatal("Output filename too long"); break; case 'J': lines_to_process = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10); break; case 'j': start_lineno = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10); break; case 'K': if (strlen(optarg) >= PATH_MAX) fatal("Checkpoint filename too long"); checkpoint = xstrdup(optarg); break; case 'M': memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr) fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); break; case 'S': /* XXX - also compare length against bits */ if (BN_hex2bn(&start, optarg) == 0) fatal("Invalid start point."); break; case 'T': do_screen_candidates = 1; if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >= sizeof(out_file)) fatal("Output filename too long"); break; case 'W': generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr); if (errstr != NULL) fatal("Desired generator invalid: %s (%s)", optarg, errstr); break; #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */ case '?': default: usage(); } } /* reinit */ log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1); argv += optind; argc -= optind; if (ca_key_path != NULL) { if (argc < 1 && !gen_krl) { error("Too few arguments."); usage(); } } else if (argc > 0 && !gen_krl && !check_krl) { error("Too many arguments."); usage(); } if (change_passphrase && change_comment) { error("Can only have one of -p and -c."); usage(); } if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) { error("Cannot use -l with -H or -R."); usage(); } #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL if (gen_krl) { do_gen_krl(pw, update_krl, ca_key_path, cert_serial, identity_comment, argc, argv); return (0); } if (check_krl) { do_check_krl(pw, argc, argv); return (0); } #endif if (ca_key_path != NULL) { if (cert_key_id == NULL) fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying"); do_ca_sign(pw, ca_key_path, prefer_agent, cert_serial, cert_serial_autoinc, argc, argv); } if (show_cert) do_show_cert(pw); if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host) { do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname, find_host, delete_host, hash_hosts); } if (pkcs11provider != NULL) do_download(pw); if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble) do_fingerprint(pw); if (change_passphrase) do_change_passphrase(pw); if (change_comment) do_change_comment(pw, identity_comment); #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL if (convert_to) do_convert_to(pw); if (convert_from) do_convert_from(pw); #endif if (print_public) do_print_public(pw); if (rr_hostname != NULL) { unsigned int n = 0; if (have_identity) { n = do_print_resource_record(pw, identity_file, rr_hostname, print_generic); if (n == 0) fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); exit(0); } else { n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic); n += do_print_resource_record(pw, _PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname, print_generic); if (n == 0) fatal("no keys found."); exit(0); } } #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL if (do_gen_candidates) { FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w"); if (out == NULL) { error("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s", out_file, strerror(errno)); return (1); } if (bits == 0) bits = DEFAULT_BITS; if (gen_candidates(out, memory, bits, start) != 0) fatal("modulus candidate generation failed"); return (0); } if (do_screen_candidates) { FILE *in; FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "a"); if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) { if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) { fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate " "file \"%s\": %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); } } else in = stdin; if (out == NULL) { fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s", out_file, strerror(errno)); } if (prime_test(in, out, rounds == 0 ? 100 : rounds, generator_wanted, checkpoint, start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0) fatal("modulus screening failed"); return (0); } #endif if (gen_all_hostkeys) { do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw); return (0); } if (key_type_name == NULL) key_type_name = DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME; type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name); type_bits_valid(type, key_type_name, &bits); if (!quiet) printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n", key_type_name); if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) fatal("sshkey_generate failed"); if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0) fatal("sshkey_from_private failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r)); if (!have_identity) ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key"); /* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */ snprintf(dotsshdir, sizeof dotsshdir, "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR); if (strstr(identity_file, dotsshdir) != NULL) { if (stat(dotsshdir, &st) < 0) { if (errno != ENOENT) { error("Could not stat %s: %s", dotsshdir, strerror(errno)); } else if (mkdir(dotsshdir, 0700) < 0) { error("Could not create directory '%s': %s", dotsshdir, strerror(errno)); } else if (!quiet) printf("Created directory '%s'.\n", dotsshdir); } } /* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */ if (stat(identity_file, &st) >= 0) { char yesno[3]; printf("%s already exists.\n", identity_file); printf("Overwrite (y/n)? "); fflush(stdout); if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL) exit(1); if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y') exit(1); } /* Ask for a passphrase (twice). */ if (identity_passphrase) passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_passphrase); else if (identity_new_passphrase) passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase); else { passphrase_again: passphrase1 = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase (empty for no " "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN); if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) { /* * The passphrases do not match. Clear them and * retry. */ explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2)); free(passphrase1); free(passphrase2); printf("Passphrases do not match. Try again.\n"); goto passphrase_again; } /* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */ explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2)); free(passphrase2); } if (identity_comment) { strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment)); } else { /* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */ snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname); } /* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */ if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) { error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s", identity_file, ssh_err(r)); explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); free(passphrase1); exit(1); } /* Clear the passphrase. */ explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1)); free(passphrase1); /* Clear the private key and the random number generator. */ sshkey_free(private); if (!quiet) printf("Your identification has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file); strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file)); if ((fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1) fatal("Unable to save public key to %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) fatal("fdopen %s failed: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno)); if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0) error("write key failed: %s", ssh_err(r)); fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment); if (ferror(f) || fclose(f) != 0) fatal("write public failed: %s", strerror(errno)); if (!quiet) { fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT); ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART); if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL) fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed"); printf("Your public key has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file); printf("The key fingerprint is:\n"); printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment); printf("The key's randomart image is:\n"); printf("%s\n", ra); free(ra); free(fp); } sshkey_free(public); exit(0); }