.\" $OpenBSD: adduser.8,v 1.1 1996/09/28 05:58:35 downsj Exp $ .\" .\" Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Wolfram Schneider . Berlin. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" $From: adduser.8,v 1.12 1996/08/28 17:54:13 adam Exp $ .Dd Jan, 9, 1995 .Dt ADDUSER 8 .Os OpenBSD .Sh NAME .Nm adduser .Nd command for adding new users .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm adduser [-batch username [group[,group]...] [fullname] [password]] [-check_only] [-config_create] [-dotdir dotdir] [-group login_group] [-h|-help] [-home home] [-message message_file] [-noconfig] [-shell shell] [-s|-silent|-q|-quit] [-uid uid_start] [-v|-verbose] .Sh DESCRIPTION .Nm Adduser is a simple program for adding new users. Adduser checks passwd, group and shell database. It creates passwd/group entry, HOME-directory, dotfiles and sends new user a welcome message. .Sh RESTRICTIONS .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact .It Sy username Login name. Only lowercase characters or digits. Maximum length is 8 characters (see .Xr setlogin 2 BUGS section). .\" The reasons for this limit are "Historical". .\" Given that people have traditionally wanted to break this .\" limit for aesthetic reasons, it's never been of great importance to break .\" such a basic fundamental parameter in UNIX. .\" You can change UT_NAMESIZE in /usr/include/utmp.h and recompile the .\" world; people have done this and it works, but you will have problems .\" with any precompiled programs, or source that assumes the 8-character .\" name limit and NIS. The NIS protocol mandates an 8-character username. If you need a longer login name for e-mail addresses, you can define an alias in .Pa /etc/aliases . .It Sy fullname Firstname and surname. .Ql Pa \: not allowed. .It Sy shell Only valid shells from shell database or sliplogin and pppd .It Sy uid Automatically generated or your choice, less than 32000. .It Sy gid/login group Your choice or automatically generated. .It Sy password If not empty, password is encoded with crypt. .El .\" .Sh UNIQUE GROUP .\" Perhaps you're missing what *can* be done with this scheme that falls apart .\" with most other schemes. With each user in his/her own group the user can .\" safely run with a umask of 002 and have files created in their home directory .\" and not worry about others being able to read them. .\" .\" For a shared area you create a separate uid/gid (like cvs or ncvs on freefall), .\" you place each person that should be able to access this area into that new .\" group. .\" .\" This model of uid/gid administration allows far greater flexibility than lumping .\" users into groups and having to muck with the umask when working in a shared .\" area. .\" .\" I have been using this model for almost 10 years and found that it works .\" for most situations, and has never gotten in the way. (Rod Grimes) .Sh CONFIGURATION .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact .It Sy 1. Read intern variables. .It Sy 2. Read config file (/etc/adduser.conf) .It Sy 3. Parse command line options .El .Sh OPTIONS .Bl -tag -width Ds .It Sy -batch username [group[,group]...] [fullname] [password] Batch mode. .It Sy -check_only Check /etc/passwd, /etc/group, /etc/shells and exit. .It Sy -create_config Create new config and message file and exit. .It Sy -dotdir Ar directory Copy files from .Ar directory into the HOME-directory of new users, .Ql Pa dot.foo files renamed to .Ql Pa .foo . Don't copy files if .Ar directory equal with .Ar no . For security make all files writable and readable for owner, don't allow group or world to write files and allow only owner to read/execute/write .rhost, .Xauthority, .kermrc, .netrc, Mail, prv, iscreen, term. .It Sy -group Ar login_group Login group. .Ar USER means use username as login group. .It Sy -help,-h,-? Print options and exit. .It Sy -home Ar partition Default home partition where all users located. .It Sy -message Ar file Send new users a welcome message. Don't send message if .Ar file equal with .Ar no . .It Sy -noconfig Do not read config file. .It Sy -shell Ar shell Default shell for new users. .It Sy -silent,-s,-quit,-q Few warnings, question, bug reports. .It Sy -uid Ar uid Use uid's from .Ar uid up. .It Sy -verbose,-v Many warning, question. Recommended for novice users. .Sh FORMAT .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact .Ql Pa # is a comment. .P .It Sy config file .Nm Adduser reads and writes this file. See /etc/adduser.conf for more details. .It Sy message file Eval variables in this file. See /etc/adduser.message for more details. .El .Sh EXAMPLES .Pp $ adduser .Pp Start adduser in interactive mode. .Pp $ adduser -batch baerenklau guest,staff,baer 'Teddy II' qwerty7 .Pp Create user 'baerenklau' and login group 'baerenklau'. Invite user baerenklau into groups guest, staff and baer. Realname (fullname) is 'Teddy II'. Password is 'qwerty7' (don't use such password!). Create HOME directory '/home/baerenklau' and copy all files and directories from /usr/share/skel to /home/baerenklau. Send user baerenklau a welcome message. .Pp $ adduser -uid 5000 -group guest -message no -batch vehlefanz .Pp Create user 'vehlefanz'. Login group is guest. Uid is up to 5000, for instance 5007. No other groups, no realname, no password. Do not send a welcome message. .Sh FILES .Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwdxx -compact .It Pa /etc/master.passwd user database .It Pa /etc/group group database .It Pa /etc/shells shell database .It Pa /etc/adduser.conf config file for adduser .It Pa /etc/adduser.message message file for adduser .It Pa /usr/share/skel skeletal login directory .It Pa /var/log/adduser logfile for adduser .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr chpass 1 , .Xr finger 1 , .Xr passwd 1 , .Xr setlogin 2 , .Xr aliases 5 , .Xr passwd 5 , .Xr group 5 , .Xr shells 5 , .Xr adduser_proc 8 , .Xr pwd_mkdb 8 , .Xr vipw 8 , .Xr yp 8 .\" .Sh BUGS .Sh HISTORY This .Nm program appeared in FreeBSD 2.1.