/* $OpenBSD: rde_rib.c,v 1.52 2004/08/05 16:26:56 claudio Exp $ */ /* * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Claudio Jeker * * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. */ #include #include #include #include #include "bgpd.h" #include "ensure.h" #include "rde.h" /* * BGP RIB -- Routing Information Base * * The RIB is build with one aspect in mind. Speed -- actually update speed. * Therefor one thing needs to be absolutely avoided, long table walks. * This is achieved by heavily linking the different parts together. */ struct rib_stats { u_int64_t path_update; u_int64_t path_get; u_int64_t path_add; u_int64_t path_remove; u_int64_t path_updateall; u_int64_t path_destroy; u_int64_t path_link; u_int64_t path_unlink; u_int64_t path_alloc; u_int64_t path_free; u_int64_t prefix_get; u_int64_t prefix_add; u_int64_t prefix_move; u_int64_t prefix_remove; u_int64_t prefix_updateall; u_int64_t prefix_link; u_int64_t prefix_unlink; u_int64_t prefix_alloc; u_int64_t prefix_free; u_int64_t nexthop_add; u_int64_t nexthop_remove; u_int64_t nexthop_update; u_int64_t nexthop_get; u_int64_t nexthop_alloc; u_int64_t nexthop_free; } ribstats; #define RIB_STAT(x) (ribstats.x++) /* path specific functions */ static void path_link(struct rde_aspath *, struct rde_peer *); static void path_unlink(struct rde_aspath *); static struct rde_aspath *path_alloc(void); static void path_free(struct rde_aspath *); struct path_table pathtable; #define PATH_HASH(x) \ &pathtable.path_hashtbl[aspath_hash((x)) & pathtable.path_hashmask] void path_init(u_int32_t hashsize) { u_int32_t hs, i; for (hs = 1; hs < hashsize; hs <<= 1) ; pathtable.path_hashtbl = calloc(hs, sizeof(struct aspath_head)); if (pathtable.path_hashtbl == NULL) fatal("path_init"); for (i = 0; i < hs; i++) LIST_INIT(&pathtable.path_hashtbl[i]); pathtable.path_hashmask = hs - 1; } void path_shutdown(void) { u_int32_t i; for (i = 0; i <= pathtable.path_hashmask; i++) if (!LIST_EMPTY(&pathtable.path_hashtbl[i])) log_warnx("path_free: free non-free table"); free(pathtable.path_hashtbl); } void path_update(struct rde_peer *peer, struct attr_flags *attrs, struct bgpd_addr *prefix, int prefixlen) { struct rde_aspath *asp; struct prefix *p; struct pt_entry *pte; RIB_STAT(path_update); rde_send_pftable(attrs->pftable, prefix, prefixlen, 0); rde_send_pftable_commit(); if ((asp = path_get(attrs->aspath, peer)) == NULL) { /* path not available */ asp = path_add(peer, attrs); pte = prefix_add(asp, prefix, prefixlen); } else { if (attr_compare(&asp->flags, attrs) == 0) { /* path are equal, just add prefix */ pte = prefix_add(asp, prefix, prefixlen); attr_free(attrs); } else { /* non equal path attributes create new path */ if ((p = prefix_get(asp, prefix, prefixlen)) == NULL) { asp = path_add(peer, attrs); pte = prefix_add(asp, prefix, prefixlen); } else { asp = path_add(peer, attrs); pte = prefix_move(asp, p); } } } } struct rde_aspath * path_get(struct aspath *aspath, struct rde_peer *peer) { struct aspath_head *head; struct rde_aspath *asp; RIB_STAT(path_get); head = PATH_HASH(aspath); LIST_FOREACH(asp, head, path_l) { if (aspath_compare(asp->flags.aspath, aspath) == 0 && peer == asp->peer) return asp; } return NULL; } struct rde_aspath * path_add(struct rde_peer *peer, struct attr_flags *attr) { struct rde_aspath *asp; RIB_STAT(path_add); asp = path_alloc(); attr_move(&asp->flags, attr); path_link(asp, peer); return asp; } void path_remove(struct rde_aspath *asp) { struct prefix *p; struct bgpd_addr addr; RIB_STAT(path_remove); while ((p = LIST_FIRST(&asp->prefix_h)) != NULL) { /* Commit is done in peer_down() */ pt_getaddr(p->prefix, &addr); rde_send_pftable(p->aspath->flags.pftable, &addr, p->prefix->prefixlen, 1); prefix_destroy(p); } path_destroy(asp); } void path_updateall(struct rde_aspath *asp, enum nexthop_state state) { RIB_STAT(path_updateall); if (rde_noevaluate()) /* if the decision process is turned off this is a no-op */ return; prefix_updateall(asp, state); } /* this function is only called by prefix_remove and path_remove */ void path_destroy(struct rde_aspath *asp) { RIB_STAT(path_destroy); /* path_destroy can only unlink and free empty rde_aspath */ ENSURE(path_empty(asp)); path_unlink(asp); path_free(asp); } int path_empty(struct rde_aspath *asp) { return LIST_EMPTY(&asp->prefix_h); } /* * the path object is linked into multiple lists for fast access. * These are peer_l, path_l and nexthop_l. * peer_l: list of all aspaths that belong to that peer * path_l: hash list to find paths quickly * nexthop_l: list of all aspaths with an equal exit nexthop */ static void path_link(struct rde_aspath *asp, struct rde_peer *peer) { struct aspath_head *head; RIB_STAT(path_link); head = PATH_HASH(asp->flags.aspath); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(head, asp, path_l); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&peer->path_h, asp, peer_l); asp->peer = peer; nexthop_add(asp); } static void path_unlink(struct rde_aspath *asp) { RIB_STAT(path_unlink); ENSURE(path_empty(asp)); ENSURE(asp->prefix_cnt == 0 && asp->active_cnt == 0); nexthop_remove(asp); LIST_REMOVE(asp, path_l); LIST_REMOVE(asp, peer_l); asp->peer = NULL; asp->nexthop = NULL; attr_free(&asp->flags); } /* alloc and initialize new entry. May not fail. */ static struct rde_aspath * path_alloc(void) { struct rde_aspath *asp; RIB_STAT(path_alloc); asp = calloc(1, sizeof(*asp)); if (asp == NULL) fatal("path_alloc"); LIST_INIT(&asp->prefix_h); return asp; } /* free a unlinked element */ static void path_free(struct rde_aspath *asp) { RIB_STAT(path_free); ENSURE(asp->peer == NULL && asp->flags.aspath == NULL && TAILQ_EMPTY(&asp->flags.others)); free(asp); } /* prefix specific functions */ static struct prefix *prefix_alloc(void); static void prefix_free(struct prefix *); static void prefix_link(struct prefix *, struct pt_entry *, struct rde_aspath *); static void prefix_unlink(struct prefix *); int prefix_compare(const struct bgpd_addr *a, const struct bgpd_addr *b, int prefixlen) { in_addr_t mask, aa, ba; int i; u_int8_t m; if (a->af != b->af) return (a->af - b->af); switch (a->af) { case AF_INET: if (prefixlen > 32) fatalx("prefix_cmp: bad IPv4 prefixlen"); mask = htonl(prefixlen2mask(prefixlen)); aa = ntohl(a->v4.s_addr & mask); ba = ntohl(b->v4.s_addr & mask); if (aa != ba) return (aa - ba); return (0); case AF_INET6: for (i = 0; i < prefixlen / 8; i++) if (a->v6.s6_addr[i] != b->v6.s6_addr[i]) return (a->v6.s6_addr[i] - b->v6.s6_addr[i]); i = prefixlen % 8; if (i) { m = 0xff00 >> i; if ((a->v6.s6_addr[prefixlen / 8] & m) != (b->v6.s6_addr[prefixlen / 8] & m)) return ((a->v6.s6_addr[prefixlen / 8] & m) - (b->v6.s6_addr[prefixlen / 8] & m)); } return (0); default: fatalx("prefix_cmp: unknown af"); } return (-1); } /* * search in the path list for specified prefix. Returns NULL if not found. */ struct prefix * prefix_get(struct rde_aspath *asp, struct bgpd_addr *prefix, int prefixlen) { struct prefix *p; struct bgpd_addr addr; RIB_STAT(prefix_get); LIST_FOREACH(p, &asp->prefix_h, path_l) { ENSURE(p->prefix != NULL); if (p->prefix->prefixlen != prefixlen) continue; pt_getaddr(p->prefix, &addr); if (!prefix_compare(&addr, prefix, prefixlen)) { ENSURE(p->aspath == asp); return p; } } return NULL; } /* * Adds or updates a prefix. */ struct pt_entry * prefix_add(struct rde_aspath *asp, struct bgpd_addr *prefix, int prefixlen) { struct prefix *p; struct pt_entry *pte; int needlink = 0; RIB_STAT(prefix_add); pte = pt_get(prefix, prefixlen); if (pte == NULL) { pte = pt_add(prefix, prefixlen); } p = prefix_bypeer(pte, asp->peer); if (p == NULL) { needlink = 1; p = prefix_alloc(); } if (needlink == 1) prefix_link(p, pte, asp); else { if (p->aspath != asp) /* prefix belongs to a different aspath so move */ return prefix_move(asp, p); p->lastchange = time(NULL); } return pte; } /* * Move the prefix to the specified as path, removes the old asp if needed. */ struct pt_entry * prefix_move(struct rde_aspath *asp, struct prefix *p) { struct prefix *np; struct rde_aspath *oasp; RIB_STAT(prefix_move); ENSURE(asp->peer == p->peer); /* create new prefix node */ np = prefix_alloc(); np->aspath = asp; /* peer and prefix pointers are still equal */ np->prefix = p->prefix; np->peer = p->peer; np->lastchange = time(NULL); /* add to new as path */ LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&asp->prefix_h, np, path_l); asp->prefix_cnt++; /* * no need to update the peer prefix count because we are only moving * the prefix without changing the peer. */ /* * First kick the old prefix node out of the prefix list, * afterwards run the route decision for new prefix node. * Because of this only one update is generated if the prefix * was active. * This is save because we create a new prefix and so the change * is noticed by prefix_evaluate(). */ LIST_REMOVE(p, prefix_l); prefix_evaluate(np, np->prefix); /* remove old prefix node */ oasp = p->aspath; LIST_REMOVE(p, path_l); oasp->prefix_cnt--; /* as before peer count needs no update because of move */ /* destroy all references to other objects and free the old prefix */ p->aspath = NULL; p->prefix = NULL; prefix_free(p); /* destroy old path if empty */ if (path_empty(oasp)) path_destroy(oasp); return np->prefix; } /* * Removes a prefix from all lists. If the parent objects -- path or * pt_entry -- become empty remove them too. */ void prefix_remove(struct rde_peer *peer, struct bgpd_addr *prefix, int prefixlen) { struct prefix *p; struct pt_entry *pte; struct rde_aspath *asp; RIB_STAT(prefix_remove); pte = pt_get(prefix, prefixlen); if (pte == NULL) /* Got a dummy withdrawn request */ return; p = prefix_bypeer(pte, peer); if (p == NULL) /* Got a dummy withdrawn request. */ return; asp = p->aspath; rde_send_pftable(asp->flags.pftable, prefix, prefixlen, 1); rde_send_pftable_commit(); prefix_unlink(p); prefix_free(p); if (pt_empty(pte)) pt_remove(pte); if (path_empty(asp)) path_destroy(asp); } /* * Searches in the prefix list of specified pt_entry for a prefix entry * belonging to the peer peer. Returns NULL if no match found. */ struct prefix * prefix_bypeer(struct pt_entry *pte, struct rde_peer *peer) { struct prefix *p; LIST_FOREACH(p, &pte->prefix_h, prefix_l) { if (p->peer == peer) return p; } return NULL; } void prefix_updateall(struct rde_aspath *asp, enum nexthop_state state) { struct prefix *p; RIB_STAT(prefix_updateall); if (rde_noevaluate()) /* if the decision process is turned off this is a no-op */ return; LIST_FOREACH(p, &asp->prefix_h, path_l) { /* redo the route decision */ LIST_REMOVE(p, prefix_l); /* * If the prefix is the active one remove it first, * this has to be done because we can not detect when * the active prefix changes it's state. In this case * we know that this is a withdrawl and so the second * prefix_evaluate() will generate no update because * the nexthop is unreachable or ineligible. */ if (p == p->prefix->active) prefix_evaluate(NULL, p->prefix); prefix_evaluate(p, p->prefix); } } /* kill a prefix. Only called by path_remove. */ void prefix_destroy(struct prefix *p) { struct pt_entry *pte; pte = p->prefix; prefix_unlink(p); prefix_free(p); if (pt_empty(pte)) pt_remove(pte); } /* * helper function to clean up the connected networks after a reload */ void prefix_network_clean(struct rde_peer *peer, time_t reloadtime) { struct rde_aspath *asp, *xasp; struct prefix *p, *xp; struct pt_entry *pte; for (asp = LIST_FIRST(&peer->path_h); asp != NULL; asp = xasp) { xasp = LIST_NEXT(asp, peer_l); for (p = LIST_FIRST(&asp->prefix_h); p != NULL; p = xp) { xp = LIST_NEXT(p, path_l); if (reloadtime > p->lastchange) { pte = p->prefix; prefix_unlink(p); prefix_free(p); if (pt_empty(pte)) pt_remove(pte); if (path_empty(asp)) path_destroy(asp); } } } } /* * Link a prefix into the different parent objects. */ static void prefix_link(struct prefix *pref, struct pt_entry *pte, struct rde_aspath *asp) { RIB_STAT(prefix_link); ENSURE(pref->aspath == NULL && pref->prefix == NULL); ENSURE(prefix_bypeer(pte, asp->peer) == NULL); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&asp->prefix_h, pref, path_l); asp->prefix_cnt++; asp->peer->prefix_cnt++; pref->aspath = asp; pref->prefix = pte; pref->peer = asp->peer; pref->lastchange = time(NULL); /* make route decision */ prefix_evaluate(pref, pte); } /* * Unlink a prefix from the different parent objects. */ static void prefix_unlink(struct prefix *pref) { RIB_STAT(prefix_unlink); /* make route decision */ LIST_REMOVE(pref, prefix_l); prefix_evaluate(NULL, pref->prefix); LIST_REMOVE(pref, path_l); pref->aspath->prefix_cnt--; pref->peer->prefix_cnt--; /* destroy all references to other objects */ pref->aspath = NULL; pref->prefix = NULL; /* * It's the caller's duty to remove empty aspath respectively pt_entry * structures. Also freeing the unlinked prefix is the caller's duty. */ } /* alloc and bzero new entry. May not fail. */ static struct prefix * prefix_alloc(void) { struct prefix *p; RIB_STAT(prefix_alloc); p = calloc(1, sizeof(*p)); if (p == NULL) fatal("prefix_alloc"); return p; } /* free a unlinked entry */ static void prefix_free(struct prefix *pref) { RIB_STAT(prefix_free); ENSURE(pref->aspath == NULL && pref->prefix == NULL); free(pref); } /* nexthop functions */ /* * XXX * Storing the nexthop info in a hash table is not optimal. The problem is * that updates (invalidate and validate) come in as prefixes and so storing * the nexthops in a hash is not optimal. An (in)validate needs to do a table * walk to find all candidates. * Currently I think that there are many more adds and removes so that a * hash table has more benefits and the table walk should not happen too often. */ static struct nexthop *nexthop_get(struct in_addr); static struct nexthop *nexthop_alloc(void); static void nexthop_free(struct nexthop *); /* * In BGP there exist two nexthops: the exit nexthop which was announced via * BGP and the true nexthop which is used in the FIB -- forward information * base a.k.a kernel routing table. When sending updates it is even more * confusing. In IBGP we pass the unmodified exit nexthop to the neighbors * while in EBGP normaly the address of the router is sent. The exit nexthop * may be passed to the external neighbor if the neighbor and the exit nexthop * reside in the same subnet -- directly connected. */ struct nexthop_table { LIST_HEAD(, nexthop) *nexthop_hashtbl; u_int32_t nexthop_hashmask; } nexthoptable; #define NEXTHOP_HASH(x) \ &nexthoptable.nexthop_hashtbl[ntohl((x.s_addr)) & \ nexthoptable.nexthop_hashmask] void nexthop_init(u_int32_t hashsize) { struct nexthop *nh; u_int32_t hs, i; for (hs = 1; hs < hashsize; hs <<= 1) ; nexthoptable.nexthop_hashtbl = calloc(hs, sizeof(struct nexthop_table)); if (nexthoptable.nexthop_hashtbl == NULL) fatal("nextop_init"); for (i = 0; i < hs; i++) LIST_INIT(&nexthoptable.nexthop_hashtbl[i]); nexthoptable.nexthop_hashmask = hs - 1; /* add dummy entry for connected networks */ nh = nexthop_alloc(); nh->state = NEXTHOP_REACH; nh->exit_nexthop.af = AF_INET; nh->exit_nexthop.v4.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; LIST_INSERT_HEAD(NEXTHOP_HASH(nh->exit_nexthop.v4), nh, nexthop_l); memcpy(&nh->true_nexthop, &nh->exit_nexthop, sizeof(nh->true_nexthop)); nh->nexthop_netlen = 0; nh->nexthop_net.af = AF_INET; nh->nexthop_net.v4.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; nh->flags = NEXTHOP_ANNOUNCE; } void nexthop_shutdown(void) { struct in_addr addr; struct nexthop *nh; u_int32_t i; /* remove the dummy entry for connected networks */ addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; nh = nexthop_get(addr); if (nh != NULL) { if (!LIST_EMPTY(&nh->path_h)) log_warnx("nexthop_free: free non-free announce node"); LIST_REMOVE(nh, nexthop_l); nexthop_free(nh); } for (i = 0; i <= nexthoptable.nexthop_hashmask; i++) if (!LIST_EMPTY(&nexthoptable.nexthop_hashtbl[i])) log_warnx("nexthop_free: free non-free table"); free(nexthoptable.nexthop_hashtbl); } void nexthop_add(struct rde_aspath *asp) { struct nexthop *nh; RIB_STAT(nexthop_add); if ((nh = asp->nexthop) == NULL) nh = nexthop_get(asp->flags.nexthop); if (nh == NULL) { nh = nexthop_alloc(); nh->state = NEXTHOP_LOOKUP; nh->exit_nexthop.af = AF_INET; nh->exit_nexthop.v4 = asp->flags.nexthop; LIST_INSERT_HEAD(NEXTHOP_HASH(asp->flags.nexthop), nh, nexthop_l); rde_send_nexthop(&nh->exit_nexthop, 1); } asp->nexthop = nh; LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&nh->path_h, asp, nexthop_l); } void nexthop_remove(struct rde_aspath *asp) { struct nexthop *nh; RIB_STAT(nexthop_remove); LIST_REMOVE(asp, nexthop_l); /* see if list is empty */ nh = asp->nexthop; /* never remove the dummy announce entry */ if (nh->flags & NEXTHOP_ANNOUNCE) return; if (LIST_EMPTY(&nh->path_h)) { LIST_REMOVE(nh, nexthop_l); rde_send_nexthop(&nh->exit_nexthop, 0); nexthop_free(nh); } } static struct nexthop * nexthop_get(struct in_addr nexthop) { struct nexthop *nh; RIB_STAT(nexthop_get); LIST_FOREACH(nh, NEXTHOP_HASH(nexthop), nexthop_l) { if (nh->exit_nexthop.v4.s_addr == nexthop.s_addr) return nh; } return NULL; } void nexthop_update(struct kroute_nexthop *msg) { struct nexthop *nh; struct rde_aspath *asp; RIB_STAT(nexthop_update); nh = nexthop_get(msg->nexthop.v4); if (nh == NULL) { log_warnx("nexthop_update: non-existent nexthop"); return; } /* should I trust in the parent ??? */ if (nh->exit_nexthop.af != msg->nexthop.af || (nh->exit_nexthop.af == AF_INET && nh->exit_nexthop.v4.s_addr != msg->nexthop.v4.s_addr)) { log_warnx("nexthop_update: bad nexthop returned"); return; } if (msg->valid) nh->state = NEXTHOP_REACH; else nh->state = NEXTHOP_UNREACH; if (msg->connected) memcpy(&nh->true_nexthop, &nh->exit_nexthop, sizeof(nh->true_nexthop)); else memcpy(&nh->true_nexthop, &msg->gateway, sizeof(nh->true_nexthop)); nh->nexthop_netlen = msg->kr.kr4.prefixlen; nh->nexthop_net.af = AF_INET; nh->nexthop_net.v4.s_addr = msg->kr.kr4.prefix.s_addr; if (msg->connected) nh->flags |= NEXTHOP_CONNECTED; if (rde_noevaluate()) /* * if the decision process is turned off there is no need * for the aspath list walk. */ return; LIST_FOREACH(asp, &nh->path_h, nexthop_l) { path_updateall(asp, nh->state); } } static struct nexthop * nexthop_alloc(void) { struct nexthop *nh; RIB_STAT(nexthop_alloc); nh = calloc(1, sizeof(*nh)); if (nh == NULL) fatal("nexthop_alloc"); LIST_INIT(&nh->path_h); return nh; } static void nexthop_free(struct nexthop *nh) { RIB_STAT(nexthop_free); ENSURE(LIST_EMPTY(&nh->path_h)); free(nh); }