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Installing OpenBSD is a relatively complex process, but if you have
this document in hand and are careful to read and remember the
information which is presented to you by the install program, it
shouldn't be too much trouble.
Before you begin, you should know the geometry of your hard disk, i.e.
the sector size (note that sector sizes other than 512 bytes are not
currently supported), the number of sectors per track, the number of
tracks per cylinder (also known as the number of heads), and the
number of cylinders on the disk. The OpenBSD kernel will try to
discover these parameters on its own, and if it can it will print them
at boot time. If possible, you should use the parameters it prints.
(You might not be able to if your disk is so old that the
kernel can't figure out its geometry.)
You should now be ready to install OpenBSD.
The following is a walk-through of the steps you will take while
getting OpenBSD installed on your hard disk. If any question has a
default answer, it will be displayed in brackets ("[]") after the
question. If you wish to stop the installation, you may hit Control-C
at any time, but if you do, you'll have to begin the installation
process again from scratch.
Boot your machine from the network. When presented with
the boot prompt, enter the path of your kernel (`bsd.rd'
is a likely choice if you are booting over the network).
You will then be presented with the OpenBSD kernel boot
messages. You will want to read them, to determine your
disk's name and geometry. Its name will be something like
"sd0" or "hd0" and any geometry or size information will be
printed on a line that begins with its name. As mentioned above,
you will need your disk's geometry when creating OpenBSD's
partitions. You will also need to know the name, to tell the
install tools what disk to install on. If you cannot read the
messages as they scroll by, do not worry -- you can get at this
information later inside the install program.
While booting, you will probably see several warnings. You
should be warned that no swap space is present, and that
init(8) cannot find /etc/rc. Do not be alarmed, these are
completely normal. When you reach the prompt asking you for a
shell name, just hit return.
You will next be asked for your terminal type. There are only
a few specific terminal types supported. If you are using a
graphics display, just hit return to select the default (hp300h).
If you are using an ASCII terminal, it should either be an HP
or vt100 compatible terminal; nothing else is supported. (If
your terminal type is xterm, just use vt100). After entering
the terminal type you will be asked whether you wish to do an
"install" or an "upgrade". Enter 'i' for a fresh install or 'u'
to upgrade an existing installation.
You will be presented with a welcome message and asked if
you really wish to install (or upgrade). Assuming you
answered yes, the install program will then tell you which
disks of that type it can install on, and ask you which it
should use. The name of the disk is typically "hd0" for
HPIB/CS80 drives or "sd0" for SCSI drives. Reply with the
name of your disk.
Next the disk label which defines the layout of the OpenBSD
file systems must be set up. The installation script will
invoke an interactive editor allowing you to do this. Note
that partition 'c' inside this disk label should ALWAYS
reflect the entire disk, including any non-OpenBSD portions.
If you are labeling a new disk, you will probably start
out with an 'a' partition that spans the disk. In this
case You should delete 'a' before adding new partitions.
The root file system should be in partition 'a', and swap
is usually in partition 'b'. It is recommended that you
create separate partitions for /usr and /var, and if you
have room for it, one for /home. For help in the disk
label editor, enter '?' or 'M' to view the manual page (see
the info on the ``-E'' flag).
The swap partition (usually 'b') should have a type of "swap", all
other native OpenBSD partitions should have a type of "4.2BSD".
Block and fragment sizes are usually 8192 and 1024 bytes, but can
also be 4096 and 512 or even 16384 and 2048 bytes.
The install program will now label your disk and ask which file
systems should be created on which partitions. It will auto-
matically select the 'a' partition to be the root file system.
Next it will ask for which disk and partition you want a file
system created on. This will be the same as the disk name (eg.
"hd0") with the letter identifying the partition (eg. "d")
appended (eg. "hd0d"). Then it will ask where this partition is
to be mounted, eg. /usr. This process will be repeated until
you enter "done".
At this point you will be asked to confirm that the file system
information you have entered is correct, and given an opportunity
to change the file system table. Next it will create the new file
systems as specified, OVERWRITING ANY EXISTING DATA. This is the
point of no return.
After all your file systems have been created, the install program
will give you an opportunity to configure the network. The network
configuration you enter (if any) can then be used to do the install
from another system using NFS, HTTP or FTP, and will also be the
configuration used by the system after the installation is complete.
If you select to configure the network, the install program will
ask you for a name of your system and the DNS domain name to use.
Note that the host name should be without the domain part, and that
the domain name should NOT {:-include-:} the host name part.
Next the system will give you a list of network interfaces you can
configure. For each network interface you select to configure, it
will ask for the IP address to use, the symbolic host name to use,
the netmask to use and any interface-specific flags to set. No
interface-specific flags should be required.
After all network interfaces has been configured the install pro-
gram will ask for a default route and IP address of the primary
name server to use. You will also be presented with an opportunity
to edit the host table.
At this point you will be allowed to edit the file system table
that will be used for the remainder of the installation and that
will be used by the finished system, following which the new file
systems will be mounted to complete the installation.
After these preparatory steps has been completed, you will be
able to extract the distribution sets onto your system. There
are several install methods supported; FTP, HTTP, tape, CD-ROM, NFS
or a local disk partition. To install from a tape, the distrib-
ution sets must have been written to tape prior to running the
installation program, either as tar images or as gzipped tar
images.
OpenBSDFTPInstall
OpenBSDHTTPInstall
OpenBSDTAPEInstall
OpenBSDCDROMInstall
OpenBSDNFSInstall
OpenBSDDISKInstall({:-"hdN" or -:},{:-only -:})
OpenBSDCommonFS
OpenBSDCommonURL
OpenBSDCongratulations
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