path: root/distrib/notes/m4.common

dnl
dnl	$OpenBSD: m4.common,v 1.19 2001/10/02 20:08:46 miod Exp $
dnl
dnl simulate an include path with a macro 'includeit'.
define(`includeit',`sinclude('INCLUDE/`$1)sinclude('INCLUDE/../`$1)')dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl  Everybody looks the same on these (or should if they don't)
dnl
define(`TopPart',
`The MACHINE-specific portion of the OpenBSD OSREV release is found in the
"MACHINE" subdirectory of the distribution.  That subdirectory is laid
out as follows:

.../OSREV/MACHINE/
		INSTALL.MACHINE	Installation notes; this file.

		CKSUM		Output of the cksum(1) and md5(1) programs
		MD5		usable for verification of the correctness
				of downloaded files.')dnl
dnl
dnl Change the quote.  There were too many `word' situations that would have
dnl to have been changed to ``word''.  The quote gets changed to {:- and -:}.
dnl It can really be anything, but it needs to be unique.
dnl
changequote(`{:-',`-:}')dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl Conventions when editing:
dnl o base`'OSrev is required because if it appears as baseOSrev the defined
dnl   value OSrev does not get substituted.  Same goes for MACHINE,
dnl   MACHINE_ARCH and OSREV, assigned as cmd line parameters to m4 in the
dnl   Makefile.
dnl o `include' and `define' is required as include and define are both m4
dnl   reserved words that evaluate to NULL if not quoted.
dnl
dnl showsize(gzipped size, uncompressed size)
dnl
dnl If both the 1st and the 2nd argument exist, show the sizes.
dnl Otherwise, evaluate to NULL.
dnl showsize() must not be on a new line.  It creates its own new line if
dnl there are sizes to display, otherwise, evaluates to NULL
dnl
dnl XXX fix to allow - empty 1st arg, for files uncompressed
dnl                  - empty 2nd arg, for files where only compressed size is
dnl                    known
dnl
define({:-showsize-:},{:-ifelse(X$1,X,,X$2,X,,X,X,{:-
		 [ $1 gzipped, $2 uncompressed ]-:})-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl 
dnl DistributionDescription( number of sets )
dnl
define({:-DistributionDescription-:},
{:-The OpenBSD/MACHINE binary distribution sets contain the binaries which
comprise the OpenBSD OSREV release for MACHINE systems.  There are $1
binary distribution sets.  The binary distribution sets can be found in
the "MACHINE" subdirectory of the OpenBSD OSREV distribution tree,
and are as follows:-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDbase( compressed size, uncompressed size [, shared])
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDbase-:},
{:-	base{:--:}OSrev	 The OpenBSD/MACHINE OSREV base binary distribution.  You
		 MUST install this distribution set.  It contains the
		 base OpenBSD utilities that are necessary for the
		 system to run and be minimally functional.ifelse(X$3,Xshared,{:-
		 It includes shared library support, and excludes
		 everything described below.-:})showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDcomp( compressed size, uncompressed size [, shared])
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDcomp-:},
{:-	comp{:--:}OSrev	 The OpenBSD/MACHINE Compiler tools.  All of the tools
		 relating to C, C++, and FORTRAN (yes, there are two!) are
		 supported.  This set includes the system {:-include-:} files
		 (/usr/{:-include-:}), the linker, the compiler tool chain,
		 and the various system libraries{:--:}ifelse(X$3,Xshared,{:- (except the shared
		 libraries, which are included as part of the base set).-:},.)
		 This set also includes the manual pages for all
		 of the utilities it contains, as well as the system
		 call and library manual pages.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDetc( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDetc-:},
{:-	etc{:--:}OSrev	 This distribution set contains the system configuration
		 files that reside in /etc and in several other places.
		 This set MUST be installed if you are installing the
		 system from scratch, but should NOT be used if you are
		 upgrading.  (If you are upgrading, it's recommended that
		 you get a copy of this set and CAREFULLY upgrade your
		 configuration files by hand.)showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDgame( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDgame-:},
{:-	game{:--:}OSrev	 This set includes the games and their manual pages.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDman( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDman-:},
{:-	man{:--:}OSrev	 This set includes all of the manual pages for the
		 binaries and other software contained in the base set.
		 Note that it does not {:-include-:} any of the manual pages
		 that are included in the other sets.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDmisc( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDmisc-:},
{:-	misc{:--:}OSrev	 This set includes the system dictionaries (which are
		 rather large), the typesettable document set, and
		 man pages for other architectures which happen to be
		 installed from the source tree by default.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDxbase( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDxbase-:},
{:-	xbase{:--:}OSrev  This set includes the base X distribution.  This includes
		 programs, headers, libraries, configuration files.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDxshare( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDxshare-:},
{:-	xshare{:--:}OSrev This set includes all text files equivalent between
		 all architectures.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDxfont( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDxfont-:},
{:-	xfont{:--:}OSrev  This set includes all of the X fonts.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDxserv( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDxserv-:},
{:-	xserv{:--:}OSrev  This set includes all of the X servers.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDxlink( compressed size, uncompressed size )
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDxlink-:},
{:-	xlink{:--:}OSrev  This set includes the X server link kit.showsize($1,$2)-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl floppy and bootable cdrom stuff
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDfloppy-:},
{:-		floppy{:--:}OSrev.fs	The standard MACHINE boot and installation
				floppy; see below.-:})dnl
define({:-OpenBSDcdrom-:},
{:-		cdrom{:--:}OSrev.fs	The MACHINE boot and installation
				2.88mb floppy image that contains almost all
				OpenBSD drivers; see below.-:})dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDfloppydesc(number of floppies, Article, optional plural 's')
dnl
dnl Use as: OpenBSDfloppydesc(single, The) or OpenBSDfloppydesc(three, Each, s)
define({:-OpenBSDfloppydesc-:},
{:-Bootable installation/upgrade floppy image$3:

	The $1 floppy image$3 can be copied to a floppy using rawrite.exe
	or `dd', as described later in this document.
	$2 floppy image is a bootable install floppy which can be used
	both to install and to upgrade OpenBSD to the current version.
	It is also useful for maintenance and disaster recovery.-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl misc
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDdistsets-:},
{:-		*.tgz		MACHINE binary distribution sets;
				see below.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDbsd-:},
{:-		bsd		A stock GENERIC MACHINE kernel which
				will be installed on your system
				during the install.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDrd-:},
{:-		bsd.rd		A compressed RAMDISK kernel; the embedded
				filesystem contains the installation tools.
				Used for simple installation from a pre-
				existing system.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDminiroot-:},
{:-		miniroot{:--:}OSrev.fs	A miniroot filesystem image to be used
				if you for some reason can't or don't
				want to use the ramdisk installation
				method.-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl  Various Install Instructions
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDInstallShortPrelude-:},
{:-Installing OpenBSD is a relatively complex process, but if you have
this document in hand and are careful to read and remember the
information which is presented to you by the install program, it
shouldn't be too much trouble.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDInstallPrelude-:},
{:-OpenBSDInstallShortPrelude

Before you begin, you should know the geometry of your hard disk, i.e.
the sector size (note that sector sizes other than 512 bytes are not
currently supported), the number of sectors per track, the number of
tracks per cylinder (also known as the number of heads), and the
number of cylinders on the disk.  The OpenBSD kernel will try to
discover these parameters on its own, and if it can it will print them
at boot time.  If possible, you should use the parameters it prints.
(You might not be able to because you're sharing your disk with
another operating system, or because your disk is old enough that the
kernel can't figure out its geometry.)-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDInstallPart2-:},
{:-You should now be ready to install OpenBSD.

The following is a walk-through of the steps you will take while
getting OpenBSD installed on your hard disk.  If any question has a
default answer, it will be displayed in brackets ("[]") after the  
question.  If you wish to stop the installation, you may hit Control-C
at any time, but if you do, you'll have to begin the installation
process again from scratch.  Using Control-Z to suspend the process
may be a better option, or at any prompt enter '!' to get a shell,
from which 'exit' will return you back to that prompt (no refresh
of the prompt though).-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDBootMsgs-:},
{:-	Once the kernel has loaded, you will be presented with the
	OpenBSD kernel boot messages.  You will want to read them
	to determine your disk's name and geometry.  Its name will
	be something like "sd0" or "wd0" and the geometry will be
	printed on a line that begins with its name.  As mentioned
	above, you will need your disk's geometry when creating
	OpenBSD partitions.  You will also need to know the device
	name to tell the install tools what disk to install on. If
	you cannot read the messages as they scroll by, do not
	worry -- you can get at this information later inside the
	install program.-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDFTPInstall-:},
{:-	To install via FTP:
		To begin an FTP install you will need the following
		pieces of information.  Don't be daunted by this list;
		the defaults are sufficient for most people.
		    1) Proxy server URL if you are using a URL-based
		       ftp proxy (squid, CERN ftp, Apache 1.2 or higher).
		       You need to {:-define-:} a proxy if you are behind a
		       firewall that blocks outgoing ftp (assuming you
		       have a proxy available to use).
		    2) Do you need to use active mode ftp?  By default,
		       ftp will attempt to use passive mode and fall
		       back to an active connection if the server does
		       not support passive mode.  You only need to enable
		       this option if you are connecting to a buggy ftp
		       daemon that implements passive ftp incorrectly.
		       Note that you will not be asked about active
		       ftp if you are using a proxy.
		    3) The IP address (or hostname if you enabled
		       DNS earlier in the install) of an ftp server
		       carrying the OpenBSD OSREV distribution.
		       If you don't know, just hit return when
		       asked if you want to see a list of such hosts.
		    4) The ftp directory holding the distribution sets.
		       The default value of pub/OpenBSD/OSREV/MACHINE
		       is almost always correct.
		    5) The login and password for the ftp account.
		       You will only be asked for a password for
		       non-anonymous ftp.

		For instructions on how to complete the installation via
		ftp, see the section named "Common URL installations" below.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDHTTPInstall-:},
{:-	To install via HTTP:
		To begin an HTTP install you will need the following
		pieces of information:
		    1) Proxy server URL if you are using a URL-based
		       http proxy (squid, CERN ftp, Apache 1.2 or higher).
		       You need to {:-define-:} a proxy if you are behind a
		       firewall that blocks outgoing http connections
		       (assuming you have a proxy available to use).
		    2) The IP address (or hostname if you enabled
		       DNS earlier in the install) of an http server
		       carrying the OpenBSD OSREV distribution.
		       If you don't know, just hit return when
		       asked if you want to see a list of such hosts.
		    3) The directory holding the distribution sets.
		       There is no standard location for this;
		       You should use the directory specified
		       along with the server in the list of official
		       http mirror sites that you received in step 3.

		For instructions on how to complete the installation via
		http, see the section named "Common URL installations" below.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDTAPEInstall-:},
{:-	To install from tape:
		In order to install from tape, the distribution sets to be
		installed must have been written to tape previously, either
		in tar format or gzip-compressed tar format.

		You will also have to identify the tape device where the
		distribution sets are to be extracted from.  This will
		typically be "nrst0" (no-rewind, raw interface).

		Next you will have to provide the file number of the set
		that is to be extracted.  Note that the file number starts
		at 1, which is the first file written to the tape, unless
		you have created a bootable tape, in which case the file
		number starts at 3.

		The install program will not automatically detect whether
		an image has been compressed, so it will ask for that
		information before starting the extraction.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDCDROMInstall-:},
{:-	To install from CD-ROM:
		When installing from a CD-ROM, you will be asked which
		device holds the distribution sets.  This will typically
		be "cd0".  Next you will be asked which partition on the
		CD-ROM the distribution is to be loaded from.  This is
		normally partition "a".

		Next you will have to identify the file system type that
		has been used to create the distribution on the CD-ROM,
		this can be either FFS or ISO CD9660.  The OpenBSD CD
		distribution uses the CD9660 format.

		You will also have to provide the relative path to the
		directory on the CD which holds the distribution, for the
		MACHINE this is "OSREV/MACHINE".

		For instructions on how to complete the installation from
		the CD-ROM distribution, see the section named "Common
		file system installations" below.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDNFSInstall-:},
{:-	To install from a NFS mounted directory:
		When installing from a NFS-mounted directory, you must
		have completed network configuration above, and also
		set up the exported file system on the NFS server in
		advance.

		First you must identify the IP address of the NFS server
		to load the distribution from, and the file system the
		server expects you to mount.

		The install program will also ask whether or not TCP
		should be used for transport (the default is UDP).  Note
		that TCP only works with newer NFS servers.

		You will also have to provide the relative path to the
		directory on the file system where the distribution sets
		are located.  Note that this path should not be prefixed
		with a '/'.

		For instructions on how to complete the installation from
		the CD-ROM distribution, see the section named "Common
		file system installations" below.-:})dnl
dnl
dnl OpenBSDDISKInstall({:-<additional disk> or-:},   <-- $1
dnl		       {:-only -:},                  <-- $2
dnl                    {:- or <other fs name>-:})    <-- $3
dnl
dnl Note the spacing used above.  It is crucial to keep words from running
dnl together in the actual document.
dnl
dnl Arg 1 is optional.
dnl Choices for args 2 & 3:
dnl - OpenBSDDISKInstall(,{:-only -:})  
dnl    (only have 1 fs possible, ffs)
dnl - OpenBSDDISKInstall(,,{:-or <insert some other filesystem name>-:})
dnl    (have another fs possible for reading during disk install)
dnl
dnl see $1, $2, and $3 below for further usage information.
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDDISKInstall-:},
{:-	To install from a local disk partition:
		When installing from a local disk partition, you will
		first have to identify which disk holds the distribution
		sets.  This is normally $1"sdN" where N is a number
		0 through 9.  Next you will have to identify the partition
		within that disk that holds the distribution, this is a
		single letter between 'a' and 'p'.

		You will also have to identify the type of file system
		residing in the partition identified.  Currently, you can
		$2{:--:}install from partitions that has been formatted as the
		Berkeley fast file system (ffs)$3.

		You will also have to provide the relative path to the
		directory on the file system where the distribution sets
		are located.  Note that this path should not be prefixed
		with a '/'.

		For instructions on how to complete the installation from
		the a local disk partition, see the next section.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDCommonFS-:},
{:-	Common file system installations:
		The following instructions are common to installations
		from local disk partitions, NFS mounted directories and
		CD-ROMs.

		A list of available distribution sets will be listed.
		You may individually select distribution sets to install
		or enter `all' to install all of the sets (which is what
		most users will want to do).  You may also enter `list'
		to get a file list or `done' when you are done selecting
		distribution sets.  You may also use wildcards in place of
		a file name, e.g. `*.tgz' or even `base*|comp*'.  It is
		also possible to enter an arbitrary filename and have it
		treated as a file set.

		Once you have selected the file sets you want to install
		and entered `done' you will be prompted to verify that
		you really do want to extract file sets.  Assuming you
		acquiesce, the files will begin to extract.  If not, you
		will be given the option of installing sets via one of
		the other install methods.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDCommonURL-:},
{:-	Common URL installations:
		Once you have entered the required information, the
		install program will fetch a file list and present
		a list of all the distribution sets that were found
		in the specified directory.  (If no valid sets were found,
		you will be notified and given the option of unpacking
		any gzipped tar files found or getting a file list if
		none were found.)

		At this point you may individually select distribution
		sets to install or enter `all' to install all of the
		sets (which is what most users will want to do).  You
		may also enter `list' to get a file list or `done' when
		you are done selecting distribution sets.  You may also
		use wildcards in place of a file name, e.g. `*.tgz' or
		even `base*|comp*'.  It is also possible to enter an
		arbitrary filename and have it treated as a file set.

		Once you have selected the file sets you want to install
		and entered `done' you will be prompted to verify that
		you really do want to download and install the files.
		Assuming you acquiesce, the files will begin to download
		and unpack.  If not, you will be given the option of
		installing sets via one of the other install methods.


	When all the selected distribution sets has been extracted, you
	will be allowed to select which time zone your system will be
	using, all the device nodes needed by the installed system will
	be created for you and the file systems will be unmounted.  For
	this to work properly, it is expected that you have installed
	at least the "base{:--:}OSrev", "etc{:--:}OSrev", and "bsd" distribution sets.-:})dnl
dnl
define({:-OpenBSDCongratulations-:},
{:-Congratulations, you have successfully installed OpenBSD OSREV.  When you
reboot into OpenBSD, you should log in as "root" at the login prompt.
You should create yourself an account and protect it and the "root" account 
with good passwords.  You should have got a mail from the install program we 
recommend you to read, it contains answers to basic questions you might
have about OpenBSD (like setting up your system, installing packages, getting
more information about OpenBSD, sending in your dmesg output and more).
This you can do by running

	mail

and then just enter "1" to get the first message.  You quit mail by
entering "q".

Some of the files in the OpenBSD OSREV distribution might need to be
tailored for your site.  We recommend you run:

	man afterboot

which will tell you about a bunch of the files needing to be reviewed.
If you are unfamiliar with UN*X-like system administration, it's
recommended that you buy a book that discusses it.-:})dnl
dnl
dnl
dnl Upgrade instructions
dnl
dnl OpenBSDUpgrade({:- or <list of additional boot methods>-:})dnl
dnl Note the spacing used above.  It is crucial to keep words from running
dnl together in the actual document.
dnl Parameter is optional.
define({:-OpenBSDUpgrade-:},
{:-To upgrade OpenBSD OSREV from a previous version, start with the general
instructions in the section "Installing OpenBSD".

Boot from the miniroot$1.
When prompted, select the (U)pgrade option rather than the (I)nstall
option at the prompt in the install process.

The upgrade script will ask you for the existing root partition, and
will use the existing filesystems defined in /etc/fstab to install the
new system in, and also preserve files in `/etc' which you are likely to
have customized since a previous installation.-:})dnl