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As complete as your OpenBSD system is, you may want to add any of several
excellent third party software applications. There are several ways to do
this. You can:
1) Obtain the source code and build the application based
upon whatever installation procedures are provided with the
application.
2) Use the OpenBSD ``ports'' collection to automatically get any
needed source file, apply any required patches, create the
application, and install it for you.
3) Use the OpenBSD ``package'' collection to grab a pre-compiled
and tested version of the application for your hardware.
If you purchased the OpenBSD CD-ROM you already have several popular
``packages'', the ``ports'' collection, and some of the ``ports''
source file releases.
NOTE: Some important packages which are not permitted on the CD (due to
patents) are available on our FTP servers. In particular, we
provide the USA and international versions of both SSH and PGP.
The filenames are:
ssh-usa-1.2.26.tgz ssh-intl-1.2.26.tgz
pgp-usa-2.6.3.tgz pgp-intl-2.6.3.tgz
You are STRONGLY urged to install one of the above ssh packages and
use ssh instead of telnet, rlogin, or rsh. See below for
instructions on installing packages using ftp.
Instructions for installing applications from the various sources using
the different installation methods follow. If emacs is to be installed
it should be installed first as it creates the ``info'' directory file
that may be modified by other applications.
Installing applications from the CD-ROM package collection:
The OpenBSD CD-ROM ships with several applications pre-built
for various hardware architectures. The number of applications
vary according to available disk space. Check the directory
OSREV/packages/MACHINE to see which packages are available for
your hardware architecture. That directory will be on the same
CD-ROM containing the OS installation files for your architecture.
To install one or more of these packages you must
1) become the superuser (root)
2) mount the appropriage CD-ROM
3) use the ``pkg_add'' command to install the software
Example (in which we use su(1) to get superuser privileges, thus
you have to be in group "wheel", see the manual page for su(1)).
$ su
Password: <enter your root password>
# mkdir -p /cdrom
# mount /dev/cd0a /cdrom
{:-#-:} pkg_add /cdrom/OSREV/packages/MACHINE/<package-name>
# <add more packages if desired>
# umount /cdrom
Package names are usually the application name and version
with .tgz appended, e.g. emacs-20.3.tgz
Installing applications from the ftp.openbsd.org package collection:
All available packages for your architecture have been placed on
ftp.openbsd.org in the directory pub/OpenBSD/OSREV/packages/MACHINE/
You may want to peruse this to see what packages are available. The
packages are also on the OpenBSD FTP mirror sites. See
http://www.openbsd.org/ftp.html
for a list of current ftp mirror sites.
Installation of a package is very easy.
1) become the superuser (root)
2) use the ``pkg_add'' command to install the software
``pkg_add'' is smart enough to know how to download the software
from the OpenBSD ftp server. Example:
$ su
Password: <enter your root password>
{:-#-:} pkg_add ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/{:--:}OSREV/packages/MACHINE/emacs-20.3.tgz
Note: there are both USA and INTERNATIONAL versions of ssh and
pgp on the ftp server. Be sure to grab the correct version.
The USA versions, ssh-usa-1.2.26.tgz and pgp-usa-2.6.3.tgz, use
RSAREF, a legal requirement for use within the United States due
to patent issues.
Packages available {:-include-:} (at least):
ImageMagick-4.0.6.tgz mpeg_lib-1.2.1.tgz
Xaw3d-1.3.tgz netpipes-4.1.1-export.tgz
afm-1.0.tgz nmh-0.27.tgz
bash-2.02.tgz pgp-intl-2.6.3.tgz
bison-1.25.tgz pgp-usa-2.6.3.tgz
bzip2-0.9.0b.tgz pine-4.03.tgz
dejagnu-1.3.tgz png-1.0.2.tgz
emacs-20.3.tgz psutils-a4-1.17.tgz
enscript-1.6.1.tgz psutils-letter-1.17.tgz
expect-5.26.tgz screen-3.7.4.tgz
fetchmail-4.5.4.tgz sharutils-4.2.tgz
ghostscript-5.10.tgz ssh-intl-1.2.26.tgz
gimp-1.0.0.tgz ssh-usa-1.2.26.tgz
glimpse-4.1.tgz tar-1.12.tgz
gmake-3.76.1.tgz tcl-8.0.2.tgz
gnuplot-3.5.tgz tcsh-6.07.02.tgz
gtk+-1.0.5.tgz teTeX-0.4.tgz
gv-3.5.8.tgz tiff-3.4.tgz
id-utils-3.2.tgz tk-8.0.2.tgz
idled-1.16.tgz transfig-3.2.1.tgz
iozone-2.01.tgz unzip-5.3.2.tgz
ircii-2.8.2-epic3.004.tgz xcolors-1.3.tgz
ispell-3.1.20.tgz xfig-3.2.2.tgz
jove-4.16.tgz xntp3-5.93-export.tgz
jpeg-6b.tgz xpaint-2.5.5.tgz
lesstif-0.86.0.tgz xphoon-91.9.18.tgz
m4-1.4.tgz xv-3.10a.tgz
mm-2.7.tgz
Note: these packages may not exist for all architectures; other
packages may be added. Some packages are only available via
ftp.
Installing applications from the CD-ROM ports collection:
The CD-ROM ``ports'' collection is a set of Makefiles, patches,
and other files used to control the building and installation
of an application from source files. The source files come
from archives which are also, for the most part, on the
OpenBSD CD-ROM.
Creating an application from sources can require a lot of
disk space, sometimes 50 megabytes or more. The first step is
to determine which of your disks has enough room. Once you've
made this determination read the file README.ports on CD-ROM 2
to see how to copy or mount the ports directory.
To build an application you must:
1) become the superuser (root)
2) mount CD-ROM number 2 on the directory /cdrom. This is
necessary to find the application source files.
3) cd to the ports directory containing the port you wish
to build. To build samba, for example, where you'd
previously copied the ports files into the /usr/ports
directory: cd /usr/ports/net/samba
4) make FETCH_SYMLINK_DISTFILES=YES
5) make FETCH_SYMLINK_DISTFILES=YES install
6) make FETCH_SYMLINK_DISTFILES=YES clean
The FETCH_SYMLINK_DISTFILES=YES parameter tells make not to copy
the application's distribution sources from the cdrom to your hard
disk, but instead create a symbolic link pointing to the CD-ROM.
This is done to conserve disk space.
Installing applications from the OpenBSD ports collection:
See http://www.openbsd.org/ports.html for current instructions
on obtaining and installing OpenBSD ports.
Installing other applications:
If an OpenBSD package or port does not exist for an application
you're pretty much on your own. The first thing to do is ask
ports@openbsd.org if anyone is working on a port -- there may
be one in progress. If no luck there you may try the FreeBSD
ports or NetBSD package collection. If you are on an i386 based
machine it is quite possible that the FreeBSD port, if one exists,
will work for you.
If you can't find an existing port try to make your own and
feed it back to OpenBSD. That's how our ports collection grows.
Some details can be found at http://www.openbsd.org/porting.html
with more help coming from the mailing list, ports@openbsd.org.
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