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As complete as your OpenBSD system is, you may want to add any of several
excellent third party software applications. There are several ways to do
this. You can:
1) Obtain the source code and build the application based
upon whatever installation procedures are provided with the
application.
2) Use the OpenBSD ``ports'' collection to automatically get any
needed source file, apply any required patches, create the
application, and install it for you.
3) Use the OpenBSD ``package'' collection to grab a pre-compiled
and tested version of the application for your hardware.
If you purchased the OpenBSD CD-ROM you already have several popular
``packages'', the ``ports'' collection, and most of the ``ports''
source file releases.
Instructions for installing applications from the various sources using
the different installation methods follow. If emacs is to be installed
it should be installed first as it creates the ``info'' directory file
that may be modified by other applications.
Installing applications from the CD-ROM package collection:
The OpenBSD CD-ROM ships with applications pre-built
for various hardware architectures. The applications
and supported architectures are:
i386 sparc amiga m68k alpha mips
bash-2.01.1 yes yes yes yes yes yes
emacs-20.2 yes yes yes yes yes no
ghostscript-5.10 yes no no no no no
gmake-3.76.1 yes yes yes yes yes yes
id-utils-3.2 no yes yes yes yes no
ircii-2.8.2-epic3.004 yes yes yes yes yes yes
pine-3.96 yes yes yes yes yes yes
screen-3.7.4 yes yes no yes yes yes
tcsh-6.07.02 yes yes yes yes yes yes
unzip-5.3.1 yes yes no yes yes no
Note: If space becomes available other packages may be added
to the CD-ROM. Check the packages directory on CD-ROM number
2 to see what packages are actually available for your hardware
architecture.
(the amiga is treated specially due to its 8k hardware pagesize
aka NBPG, it's very well possible amiga will run the other m68k
arch's binaries, but we make no guarantees at this point,
better safe than sorry).
To install one or more of these packages you must
1) become the superuser (root)
2) mount CD-ROM number 2
3) use the ``pkg_add'' command to install the software
Example (in which we use su(1) to get superuser privileges, thus
you have to be in group "wheel", see the manual page for su(1)).
$ su
Password: <enter your root password>
# mkdir -p /cdrom
# mount /dev/cd0a /cdrom
# pkg_add /cdrom/packages/<arch>/<package-name>
# <add more packages if desired>
# umount /cdrom
Your hardware architecture can be determined by issuing
the command ``arch''. The response will be something like
``OpenBSD.sparc''. ``sparc'' is the architecture.
Package names are usually the application name and version
with .tgz appended, e.g. pine-3.96.tgz
Installing applications from the ftp.openbsd.org package collection:
The above packages, and others, have been placed on
ftp.openbsd.org in the directory pub/OpenBSD/OSREV/packages/<arch>/
where <arch> is the supported hardware architecture. You may
want to peruse the directory for your architecture to see what
packages are available. The packages are also on the OpenBSD FTP
mirror sites. See http://www.openbsd.org/ftp.html for a list
of current ftp mirror sites.
Installation of a package is very easy.
1) become the superuser (root)
2) use the ``pkg_add'' command to install the software
``pkg_add'' is smart enough to know how to download the software
from the OpenBSD ftp server. Example:
$ su
Password: <enter your root password>
{:-#-:} pkg_add ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/{:--:}OSREV/packages/MACHINE/emacs-20.2.tgz
Note: there are both USA and INTERNATIONAL versions of ssh and
pgp on the ftp server. Be sure to grab the correct version.
The USA versions, ssh-usa-1.2.22.tgz and pgp-usa-2.6.3.tgz, use
RSAREF, a legal requirement for use within the United States due
to patent issues.
Packages available {:-include-:}:
bash-2.01.1.tgz pine-3.96.tgz
emacs-20.2.tgz screen-3.7.4.tgz
ghostscript-5.10.tgz ssh-intl-1.2.22.tgz
gmake-3.76.1.tgz ssh-usa-1.2.22.tgz
ircii-2.8.2-epic3.004.tgz tcsh-6.07.02.tgz
pgp-intl-2.6.3.tgz unzip-5.3.1.tgz
pgp-usa-2.6.3.tgz
Note: these packages may not exist for all architectures; other
packages may be added.
Installing applications from the CD-ROM ports collection:
The CD-ROM ``ports'' collection is a set of Makefiles, patches,
and other files used to control the building and installation
of an application from source files. The source files come
from archives which are also, for the most part, on the
OpenBSD CD-ROM.
Creating an application from sources can require a lot of
disk space, sometimes 50 megabytes or more. The first step is
to determine which of your disks has enough room. Once you've
made this determination read the file README.ports on CD-ROM 2
to see how to copy or mount the ports directory.
To build an application you must:
1) become the superuser (root)
2) mount CD-ROM number 2 on the directory /cdrom. This is
necessary to find the application source files.
3) cd to the ports directory containing the port you wish
to build. To build samba, for example, where you'd
previously copied the ports files into the /usr/ports
directory: cd /usr/ports/net/samba
4) make FETCH_SYMLINK_DISTFILES=YES
5) make FETCH_SYMLINK_DISTFILES=YES install
6) make FETCH_SYMLINK_DISTFILES=YES clean
The FETCH_SYMLINK_DISTFILES=YES parameter tells make not to copy
the application's distribution sources from the cdrom to your hard
disk, but instead create a symbolic link pointing to the CD-ROM.
This is done to conserve disk space.
Installing applications from the OpenBSD ports collection:
See http://www.openbsd.org/ports.html for current instructions
on obtaining and installing OpenBSD ports.
Installing other applications:
If an OpenBSD package or port does not exist for an application
you're pretty much on your own. The first thing to do is ask
ports@openbsd.org if anyone is working on a port -- there may
be one in progress. If no luck there you may try the FreeBSD
ports or NetBSD package collection. If you are on an i386 based
machine it is quite possible that the FreeBSD port, if one exists,
will work for you.
If you can't find an existing port try to make your own and
feed it back to OpenBSD. That's how our ports collection grows.
Some details can be found at http://www.openbsd.org/porting.html
with more help coming from the mailing list, ports@openbsd.org.
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