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dnl $OpenBSD: prep,v 1.11 2014/02/28 00:47:14 afresh1 Exp $
To be able to boot the OpenBSD/MACHINE installation program on the Thecus
N1200, you will need to learn a bit about Das U-Boot, the low-level process
that controls the microprocessor after hardware initialization.
On the RouterBOARD RB600A, that task is handled by RouterBOOT.
Thecus N1200 setup:
Talking to the Thecus N1200
The Thecus N1200 needs a serial cable. On the back of the disk drive
circuit board, there is either a 10-pin header (with one pin removed),
or 9 holes for you to solder in your own header. The ribbon cable
that connects from there to your serial cable or the serial port on
your computer is of the same type as used on older i386 PCs, but
be aware that there are two different types of 10-pin IDC to DB-9M
ribbon cable in use, which look identical (the differences are hidden
inside the DB-9 connector). The cable you need is wired using the
"AT-Everex" or "Asus" pinout, as described here:
http://www.pccables.com/07120.htm
and *not* the more straightforward to solder "crossed" type:
http://www.pccables.com/07121.htm.
If you wish to check a cable, or make your own, the pinouts are:
DB9 IDC10
=== =====
1 2 3 4 5 1 3 5 7 9
6 7 8 9 2 4 6 8 10
Wire pin 1 to 1, 2 to 2 etc, with 10 not connected.
Booting the Thecus N1200
When you have connected your computer, a command such as
"cu -l cuaU0 -s 115200" (assuming cuaU0 is your serial port device)
should connect you to the Thecus console. Now apply power to the
Thecus and start it.
After some device probe information, you should see this prompt:
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 1
You have exactly one second to press a key and enter interactive
U-Boot. Fortunately it will typically accept a key typed during the
diagnostics that precede this prompt.
The recommended way to boot OpenBSD on Thecus is to configure
networking and load bsd.bin from a TFTP server. First networking must
be configured using the setenv command.
=> setenv ipaddr 10.0.0.21
=> setenv serverip 10.0.0.7
=> setenv gatewayip 10.0.0.7
Once you have done this, and have set up your TFTP server on the
gateway machine (10.0.0.7 in the above example), you can boot
manually.
=> tftpboot 200000 bsd.bin
Speed: 1000, full duplex
Using Freescale TSEC0 device
TFTP from server 10.0.0.7; our IP address is 10.0.0.21
Filename 'bsd.bin'.
Load address: 0x200000
Loading: ##########################################################
#############################################################
...
######
done
Bytes transferred = 295148 (480ec hex)
=> go 200000
Once OpenBSD is installed on the hard disk, you will only need to
load the OpenBSD/MACHINE boot loader:
=> tftpboot 200000 boot
=> bootm
and just hit "return" to boot OpenBSD.
Automatic Booting
However, for easier booting, you may wish to store the OpenBSD boot
loader in the flash memory, so that the Thecus will boot automatically
into OpenBSD when it is powered up.
=> erase fe780000 fe800000
.... done
Erased 4 sectors
=> tftpboot 200000 boot
Speed: 1000, full duplex
Using Freescale TSEC0 device
TFTP from server 10.0.0.7; our IP address is 10.0.0.21
Filename 'boot'.
Load address: 0x200000
Loading: ##########################################################
done
Bytes transferred = 295148 (480ec hex)
=> cp 200000 fe780000 20000
Copy to Flash...
512 KBdone
=> setenv bootcmd bootm FE780000
=> saveenv
Saving Environment to Flash...
Un-Protected 2 sectors
Erasing Flash...
.. done
Erased 2 sectors
Writing to Flash...
256 KBdone
Protected 2 sectors
=> reset
This configuration can easily be set back to the default, as the
existing Linux system does not get erased from the flash memory.
To set it back, just change the boot command back to what it was,
for example:
=> setenv bootcmd flashboot
=> saveenv
The bootloader is command driven with timeout like many other OpenBSD
architectures.
It may be needed to increase the 'bootdelay' variable in order to give
the SATA-chip a chance to initialize. Having a too short delay could
cause OpenBSD/MACHINE to not find its root device (and thus kernel
image). Although sometimes as much as ten seconds of delay are
necessary, five seconds will do in most cases:
=> setenv bootdelay 5
=> saveenv
RouterBOARD RB600A setup:
The RouterBOARD RB600A comes with a standard DB9 serial port, so no
special cables are needed. Like the Thecus, the default baudrate is
115200, so a command like "cu -l cuaU0 -s 115200" should connect you to
the RouterBOARD console. As soon as you apply power to the
RouterBOARD, it will start booting.
Shortly after RouterBOOT starts, you will see a message like:
Press any key within 2 seconds to enter setup.
Since board initialization is very fast, it is rather easy to miss
this message, in which case the board will load its RouterOS (which
is just Linux) from flash.
The recommended way to install OpenBSD on the RouterBOARD is to copy
the miniroot "miniroot{:--:}OSrev.fs" image to CompactFlash on another machine
and place in the first (J301) CompactFlash slot on the board.
Use the dd(1) utility to copy the miniroot to CompactFlash.
The command would likely be, under OpenBSD:
dd if=miniroot{:--:}OSrev.fs of=/dev/rsd1c
Replace ``rsd1c'' with the appropriate device name for the raw device
on the system used to do the copy.
You will need to configure your RouterBOARD to boot from CompactFlash.
To do this, enter the RouterBOOT setup by pressing a key when the
message shown above appears on the serial console. This should present
you with the following menu:
RouterBOOT-2.20
What do you want to configure?
d - boot delay
k - boot key
s - serial console
o - boot device
f - cpu frequency
r - reset booter configuration
e - format nand
g - upgrade firmware
i - board info
p - boot protocol
t - do memory testing
x - exit setup
your choice:
Choose 'o' to enter the boot device menu:
Select boot device:
e - boot over Ethernet
* n - boot from NAND, if fail then Ethernet
c - boot from CompactFlash only
1 - boot Ethernet once, then NAND
2 - boot Ethernet once, then CompactFlash
o - boot from NAND only
b - boot chosen device
your choice:
Choose 'c' to select CompactFlash and then, at the main menu, choose
'x' to save the setting. The board will reset, and immediately
attempt to boot from CompactFlash, straight into the OpenBSD
installer.
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