1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
|
.\" $OpenBSD: strptime.3,v 1.12 2008/10/19 11:50:35 millert Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This file was contributed to The NetBSD Foundation by Klaus Klein.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: October 19 2008 $
.Dt STRPTIME 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm strptime
.Nd converts a character string to a time value
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Fd #include <time.h>
.Ft char *
.Fn strptime "const char *buf" "const char *format" "struct tm *tm"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
function converts the character string pointed to by
.Fa buf
to values which are stored in the ``tm'' structure pointed to by
.Fa tm ,
using the format specified by
.Fa format .
.Pp
The
.Fa format
string consists of zero or more directives.
A directive is composed of either one or more whitespace characters as
defined by
.Xr isspace 3 ,
an ordinary character (neither
.Sq %
nor a whitespace), or a conversion
specification.
A conversion specification consists of a percent sign
.Pq Sq %
followed by one or two conversion characters which specify the
replacement required.
There must be whitespace or other
non-alphanumeric characters between any two conversion specifications.
.Pp
The
.Dv LC_TIME
category defines the locale values for the conversion
specifications.
The following conversion specifications are supported:
.Bl -tag -width "xxxx"
.It Cm \&%a
the day of week, using the locale's weekday names;
either the abbreviated or full name may be specified.
.It Cm \&%A
the same as
.Cm \&%a .
.It Cm \&%b
the month, using the locale's month names;
either the abbreviated or full name may be specified.
.It Cm \&%B
the same as
.Cm \&%b .
.It Cm \&%c
the date and time, using the locale's date and time format.
.It Cm \&%C
the century number [0,99]; leading zeros are permitted but not required.
Note that the converted value is added to the current value of the
``tm_year'' field (in order that the "\&%y" conversion be useful).
.It Cm \&%d
the day of month [1,31];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%D
the date as %m/%d/%y.
.It Cm \&%e
the same as
.Cm \&%d .
.It Cm \&%h
the same as
.Cm \&%b .
.It Cm \&%H
the hour (24-hour clock) [0,23];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%I
the hour (12-hour clock) [1,12];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%j
the day number of the year [1,366];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%k
the same as
.Cm \&%H .
.It Cm \&%l
the same as
.Cm \&%I .
.It Cm \&%m
the month number [1,12];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%M
the minute [0,59];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%n
any whitespace.
.It Cm \&%p
the locale's equivalent of
.Dq AM
or
.Dq PM .
.It Cm \&%r
the time as %I:%M:%S %p.
.It Cm \&%R
the time as %H:%M.
.It Cm \&%S
the seconds [0,61];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%t
any whitespace.
.It Cm \&%T
the time as %H:%M:%S.
.It Cm \&%U
the week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week)
as a decimal number [0,53];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
All days in a year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0.
.It Cm \&%w
the weekday as a decimal number [0,6], with 0 representing Sunday;
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%W
the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week)
as a decimal number [0,53];
leading zeros are permitted but not required.
All days in a year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0.
.It Cm \&%x
the date, using the locale's date format.
.It Cm \&%X
the time, using the locale's time format.
.It Cm \&%y
the year within the current century.
When a century is not otherwise
specified, values in the range 69\-99 refer to years in the twentieth
century (1969 to 1999 inclusive); values in the range 00\-68 refer
to years in the twenty-first century (2000 to 2068 inclusive).
Leading zeros are permitted but not required.
.It Cm \&%Y
the year, including the century (i.e., 1998).
.It Cm \&%%
A `%' is written.
No argument is converted.
.El
.Pp
There is no way to specify whether Daylight Saving Time is in effect when
calling
.Nm .
To use the resulting
.Fa tm
structure with functions that check the
.Fa tm_isdst
field, either set it to a negative value, which will cause
.Xr mktime 3
to attempt to divine whether Daylight Saving Time would be in effect
for the given time, or compute the value manually.
.Ss Modified conversion specifications
For compatibility, certain conversion specifications can be modified
by the
.Cm E
and
.Cm O
modifier characters to indicate that an alternative format or
specification should be used rather than the one normally used by the
unmodified conversion specification.
As there are currently neither
alternative formats nor specifications supported by the system, the
behavior will be as if the unmodified conversion specification were
used.
.Pp
Case is ignored when matching string items in
.Fa buf ,
such as month and weekday names.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
If successful, the
.Nm
function returns a pointer to the character following the last character
parsed.
Otherwise, a null pointer is returned.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr mktime 3 ,
.Xr strftime 3
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn strptime
function conforms to
.St -xpg4.2 .
|
