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.\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" from: @(#)mail.local.8 6.8 (Berkeley) 4/27/91
.\" $Id: mail.local.8,v 1.10 1998/02/06 15:48:08 gene Exp $
.\"
.Dd April 27, 1991
.Dt MAIL.LOCAL 8
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm mail.local
.Nd store mail in a mailbox
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm mail.local
.Op Fl L
.Op Fl l
.Op Fl f Ar from
.Op Fl H
.Ar user ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Mail.local
reads the standard input up to an end-of-file and appends it to each
.Ar user Ns 's
.Pa mail
file.
The
.Ar user
must be a valid user name.
.Pp
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxx
.It Fl f Ar from
Specify the sender's name.
.It Fl l
For compatibility, request that
files named
.Nm username.lock
be used for locking. (This is the default behavior.)
.It Fl L
Request that
.Fn flock
be used for locking the mail spool rather than
.Nm username.lock .
.It Fl H
This mode is useful for a client mail program to attain proper locking.
In this mode
.Nm mail.local
(ignoring all other arguments) attains a
.Nm username.lock
for the calling user and retains it until stdin is closed or a signal
like SIGINT, SIGTERM, or SIGHUP is received. If
.Nm mail.local
is able to create the lock file, ``1'' is written to stdout, otherwise
``0'' is written and an error message is written to stderr.
.El
.Pp
Individual mail messages in the mailbox are delimited by an empty
line followed by a line beginning with the string ``From ''.
A line containing the string ``From '', the sender's name and a time stamp
is prepended to each delivered mail message.
A blank line is appended to each message.
A greater-than character (``>'') is prepended to any line in the message
which could be mistaken for a ``From '' delimiter line.
.Pp
Significant efforts have been made to ensure that
.Nm mail.local
acts as securely as possible if the spool directory is mode 1777 or 755.
The default of mode 755 is more secure, but it prevents mail clients from using
all styles of locking. The use of 1777 is more flexible in an NFS shared-spool
environment, thus many sites use it. However it does carry some risks, such
as attackers filling the spool disk. Some of these problems may be alleviated
by making the spool a seperate filesystem, and placing quotas on it.
The use of any mode other than 1777 and 755 for the spool directory is
recommended against but may work properly.
.Pp
By default, mailbox locking is done with
.Nm username.lock
files. However, if the
.Fl L
flag is specified, the mailbox is exclusively locked with
.Xr flock 2
while mail is appended.
.Pp
If the ``biff'' service is returned by
.Xr getservbyname 3 ,
the biff server is notified of delivered mail.
.Pp
The
.Nm mail.local
utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Ev TZ
Used to set the appropriate time zone on the timestamp.
.El
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /tmp/local.XXXXXX -compact
.It Pa /tmp/local.XXXXXX
temporary files
.It Pa /var/mail/user
user's mailbox directory
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr mail 1 ,
.Xr xsend 1 ,
.Xr flock 2 ,
.Xr getservbyname 3 ,
.Xr comsat 8 ,
.Xr sendmail 8
.Sh HISTORY
A superset of
.Nm mail.local
(handling mailbox reading as well as mail delivery)
appeared in
.At v7
as the program
.Nm mail .
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