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.\" $OpenBSD: va.4,v 1.7 2001/11/13 13:54:26 mpech Exp $
.\" $NetBSD: va.4,v 1.3 1996/03/03 17:14:15 thorpej Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991 Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" from: @(#)va.4 6.3 (Berkeley) 3/27/91
.\"
.Dd March 27, 1991
.Dt VA 4 vax
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm va
.Nd Benson-Varian interface
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd "controller va0 at uba0 csr 0164000 vector vaintr"
.Cd "disk vz0 at va0 drive 0"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Bf -symbolic
(NOTE: the configuration description, while counter-intuitive,
is actually as shown above.)
.Ef
.Pp
The Benson-Varian printer/plotter in normally used with the line printer
system.
This description is designed for those who wish to drive the Benson-Varian
directly.
.Pp
In print mode, the Benson-Varian uses a modified
.Tn ASCII
character set.
Most control characters print various non-
.Tn ASCII
graphics such as daggers,
sigmas, copyright symbols, etc.
Only
.Tn LF
and
.Tn FF
are used as format effectors.
.Tn LF
acts as a newline,
advancing to the beginning of the next line, and
.Tn FF
advances to the top of
the next page.
.Pp
In plot mode, the Benson-Varian prints one raster line at a time.
An entire raster line of bits (2112 bits = 264 bytes) is sent, and
then the Benson-Varian advances to the next raster line.
.Pp
.Em Note :
The Benson-Varian must be sent an even number of bytes.
If an odd number is sent, the last byte will be lost.
Nulls can be used in print mode to pad to an even number of bytes.
.Pp
To use the Benson-Varian yourself,
you must realize that you cannot open the device,
.Pa /dev/va0
if there is an daemon active.
You can see if there is an active daemon by doing a
.Xr lpq 1
and seeing if there are any files being printed.
Printing should be turned off using
.Xr lpc 8 .
.Pp
To set the Benson-Varian into plot mode include the file
.Aq Pa sys/vcmd.h
and use the following
.Xr ioctl 2
call
.Bd -literal -offset indent
ioctl(fileno(va), VSETSTATE, plotmd);
.Ed
.Pp
where
.Ar plotmd
is defined to be
.Bd -literal -offset indent
int plotmd[] = { VPLOT, 0, 0 };
.Ed
.Pp
and
.Ar va
is the result of a call to
.Xr fopen 3
on stdio.
When you finish using the Benson-Varian in plot mode you should advance to
a new page
by sending it a
.Tn FF
after putting it back into print mode, e.g. by
.Bd -literal -offset indent
int prtmd[] = { VPRINT, 0, 0 };
\&...
fflush(va);
ioctl(fileno(va), VSETSTATE, prtmd);
write(fileno(va), "\ef\e0", 2);
.Ed
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /dev/va0xx -compact
.It Pa /dev/va0
.El
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
The following error numbers are significant at the
time the device is opened.
.Bl -tag -width ENXIOxx
.It Bq Er ENXIO
The device is already in use.
.It Bq Er EIO
The device is offline.
.El
.Pp
The following message may be printed on the console.
.Pp
.Bl -diag
.It va%d: npr timeout.
The device was not able to get data from
the
.Tn UNIBUS
within the timeout period, most likely because some other
device was hogging the bus.
(But see
.Sx BUGS
below).
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr lpr 1 ,
.Xr vp 4 ,
.Xr vfont 5 ,
.Xr lpd 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
driver appeared in
.Bx 4.0 .
.Sh BUGS
The 1's (one's) and l's (lower-case el's) in the Benson-Varian's
standard character set look very similar; caution is advised.
.Pp
The interface hardware is rumored to have problems which can
play havoc with the
.Tn UNIBUS .
We have intermittent minor problems on the
.Tn UNIBUS
where our
.Nm
lives, but haven't ever been able to pin them down
completely.
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