path: root/usr.sbin/httpd/src/support/apxs.8

.TH apxs 8 "April 1998"
.\" ====================================================================
.\" The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2000-2002 The Apache Software Foundation.  All rights
.\" reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\"
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\"
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
.\"    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
.\"    distribution.
.\"
.\" 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution,
.\"    if any, must include the following acknowledgment:
.\"       "This product includes software developed by the
.\"        Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/)."
.\"    Alternately, this acknowledgment may appear in the software itself,
.\"    if and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear.
.\"
.\" 4. The names "Apache" and "Apache Software Foundation" must
.\"    not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
.\"    software without prior written permission. For written
.\"    permission, please contact apache@apache.org.
.\"
.\" 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "Apache",
.\"    nor may "Apache" appear in their name, without prior written
.\"    permission of the Apache Software Foundation.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
.\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
.\" DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION OR
.\" ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
.\" SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
.\" LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
.\" USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
.\" ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
.\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
.\" OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" ====================================================================
.\"
.\" This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
.\" individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
.\" information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
.\" <http://www.apache.org/>.
.\"
.\" Portions of this software are based upon public domain software
.\" originally written at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications,
.\" University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
.\"
.SH NAME
apxs \- APache eXtenSion tool
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B apxs
.B \-g
[
.BI \-S " variable=value
]
.BI \-n " name"

.B apxs
.B \-q
[
.BI \-S " variable=value
]
.IR query " ..."

.B apxs
.B \-c
[
.BI \-S " variable=value
]
[
.BI \-o " dsofile"
]
[
.BI \-I " incdir"
]
[
.BI \-D " variable[=value]"
]
[
.BI \-L " libdir"
]
[
.BI \-l " libname"
]
[
.BI \-Wc, "compiler-flags"
]
[
.BI \-Wl, "linker-flags"
]
.IR files " ..."

.B apxs
.B \-i
[
.BI \-S " variable=value
]
[
.BI \-n " name"
]
[
.B \-a
]
[
.B \-A
]
.IR dsofile " ..."

.B apxs
.B \-e
[
.BI \-S " variable=value
]
[
.BI \-n " name"
]
[
.B \-a
]
[
.B \-A
]
.IR dsofile " ..."
.PP
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B apxs
is a tool for building and installing extension modules for the Apache
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) server. This is achieved by building a
Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) from one or more source or object
.I files
which then can be loaded into
the Apache server under runtime via the
.B LoadModule
directive from
.BR mod_so.

So to use this extension mechanism, your platform has
to support the DSO feature and your
Apache
.B httpd
binary has to be built with the
.B mod_so
module.
The
.B apxs
tool automatically complains if this is not the case.
You can check this yourself by manually running the command

.nf
  $ httpd -l
.fi

The module
.B mod_so
should be part of the displayed list.
If these requirements are fulfilled, you can easily extend
your Apache server's functionality by installing your own
modules with the DSO mechanism by the help of this
.B apxs
tool:

.nf
  $ apxs -i -a -c mod_foo.c
  gcc -fpic -DSHARED_MODULE -I/path/to/apache/include -c mod_foo.c
  ld -Bshareable -o mod_foo.so mod_foo.o
  cp mod_foo.so /path/to/apache/libexec/mod_foo.so
  chmod 755 /path/to/apache/libexec/mod_foo.so
  [activating module `foo' in /path/to/apache/etc/httpd.conf]
  $ apachectl restart
  /path/to/apache/sbin/apachectl restart: httpd not running, trying to start
  [Tue Mar 31 11:27:55 1998] [debug] mod_so.c(303): loaded module foo_module
  /path/to/apache/sbin/apachectl restart: httpd started
  $ _
.fi

The arguments
.I files
can be any C source file (.c), a object file (.o) or
even a library archive (.a). The
.B apxs
tool automatically recognizes these extensions and automatically uses the C
source files for compilation while it just uses the object and archive files for
the linking phase. But when using such pre-compiled objects, make sure they are
compiled for Position Independend Code (PIC) to be able to use them for a
DSO. For instance with GCC you always just have to use
.BR -fpic .
For other
C compilers please consult its manual
page or watch for the flags
.B apxs
uses to compile the object files.

For more details about DSO support in Apache, first read the background
information about DSO in htdocs/manual/dso.html, then read the documentation
of
.BR mod_so .

.PP
.SH OPTIONS
Common options:
.TP 12
.BI \-n " name"
This explicitly sets the module name for the
.B \-i
(install)
and
.B \-g
(template generation) option. Use this to explicitly specify the module name.
For option
.B \-g
this is required, for option
.B \-i
the
.B apxs
tool tries to determine the name from the source or (as a fallback) at least
by guessing it from the filename.
.PP
Query options:
.TP 12
.B \-q 
Performs a query for 
.BR apxs 's
knowledge about certain settings. The
.I query
parameters can be one or more of the following variable names:
.nf
  CC              TARGET
  CFLAGS          SBINDIR    
  CFLAGS_SHLIB    INCLUDEDIR 
  LD_SHLIB        LIBEXECDIR 
  LDFLAGS_SHLIB   SYSCONFDIR 
  LIBS_SHLIB      PREFIX
.fi
Use this for manually determining settings. For instance use
.nf
  INC=-I`apxs -q INCLUDEDIR`
.fi
inside your own Makefiles if you need manual access
to Apache's C header files.
.PP
Configuration options:
.TP 12
.BI \-S " variable=value"
This option changes the 
.B apxs 
settings described above.
.PP
Template Generation options:
.TP 12
.B \-g
This generates a subdirectory
.I name
(see option
.BR \-n ")"
and there two files: A sample module source file named
.BI mod_ name.c
which can be used as a template for creating your own modules or
as a quick start for playing with the 
.B apxs
mechanism.
And a corresponding
.B Makefile
for even easier building and installing of this module.
.PP
DSO compilation options:
.TP 12
.B \-c
This indicates the compilation operation. It first compiles the C source
files (.c) of
.I files
into corresponding object files (.o) and then builds a DSO in
.I dsofile
by linking these object files plus the remaining
object files (.o and .a) of
.I files
If no
.B \-o
option is specified
the output file is guessed from the first filename in
.I files
and thus usually defaults to
.BI mod_ name.so
.TP 12
.BI \-o " dsofile"
Explicitly specifies the filename of the created DSO file. If
not specified and the name cannot be guessed from the
.I files
list, the fallback name
.B mod_unknown.so
is used.
.TP 12
.BI \-D " variable[=value]"
This option is directly passed through to the compilation command(s).
Use this to add your own defines to the build process.
.TP 12
.BI \-I " incdir"
This option is directly passed through to the compilation command(s).
Use this to add your own include directories to search to the build process.
.TP 12
.BI \-L " libdir"
This option is directly passed through to the linker command.
Use this to add your own library directories to search to the build process.
.TP 12
.BI \-l " libname"
This option is directly passed through to the linker command.
Use this to add your own libraries to search to the build process.
.TP 12
.BI \-Wc, "compiler-flags"
This option passes 
.I compiler-flags
as additional flags to the compiler command.
Use this to add local compiler-specific options.
.TP 12
.BI \-Wl, "linker-flags"
This option passes 
.I linker-flags
as additional flags to the linker command.
Use this to add local linker-specific options.
.PP
DSO installation and configuration options:
.TP 12
.B \-i
This indicates the installation operation and installs one or more
DSOs into the
server's
.I libexec
directory.
.TP 12
.B \-a
This activates the module by automatically adding a corresponding
.B LoadModule
line to Apache's
.B httpd.conf
configuration file, or by enabling it if it already exists.
.TP 12
.B \-A
Same as option
.B \-a
but the created 
.B LoadModule
directive is prefixed with a hash sign (#), i.e. the module is
just prepared for later activation but initially disabled. 
.TP 12
.B \-e
This indicates the editing operation, which can be used with the
.B \-a
and
.B \-A
options similarly to the
.B \-i
operation to edit Apache's
.B httpd.conf
configuration file without attempting to install the module.
.PD
.SH EXAMPLES
Assume you have an Apache module named mod_foo.c available which should extend
Apache's server functionality. To accomplish this you first have to compile
the C source into a DSO suitable for loading into the Apache server
under runtime via the following command:

.nf
  $ apxs -c mod_foo.c
  gcc -fpic -DSHARED_MODULE -I/path/to/apache/include -c mod_foo.c
  ld -Bshareable -o mod_foo.so mod_foo.o
  $ _
.fi

Then you have to update the Apache configuration by making sure a
.B LoadModule
directive is present to load this DSO. To simplify this
step
.B apxs
provides an automatic way to install the DSO in the
"libexec" directory and updating the
.B httpd.conf
file accordingly. This can be achieved by running:

.nf
  $ apxs -i -a mod_foo.c
  cp mod_foo.so /path/to/apache/libexec/mod_foo.so
  chmod 755 /path/to/apache/libexec/mod_foo.so
  [activating module `foo' in /path/to/apache/etc/httpd.conf]
  $ _
.fi

This way a line named

.nf
  LoadModule foo_module libexec/mod_foo.so
.fi

is added to the configuration file if still not present.
If you want to have this operation to be disabled, use the
.B \-A
option, i.e.

.nf
  $ apxs -i -A mod_foo.c
.fi

For a quick test of the 
.B apxs
mechanism you can create a sample Apache module
template plus a corresponding 
.B Makefile 
via:

.nf
  $ apxs -g -n foo
  Creating [DIR]  foo
  Creating [FILE] foo/Makefile
  Creating [FILE] foo/mod_foo.c
  $ _
.fi

Then you can immediately compile this sample module into a DSO and
load it into the Apache server:

.nf
  $ cd foo
  $ make all reload
  apxs -c mod_foo.c
  gcc -fpic -DSHARED_MODULE -I/path/to/apache/include -c mod_foo.c
  ld -Bshareable -o mod_foo.so mod_foo.o
  apxs -i -a -n "foo" mod_foo.so
  cp mod_foo.so /path/to/apache/libexec/mod_foo.so
  chmod 755 /path/to/apache/libexec/mod_foo.so
  [activating module `foo' in /path/to/apache/etc/httpd.conf]
  apachectl restart
  /path/to/apache/sbin/apachectl restart: httpd not running, trying to start
  [Tue Mar 31 11:27:55 1998] [debug] mod_so.c(303): loaded module foo_module
  /path/to/apache/sbin/apachectl restart: httpd started
  $ _
.fi

You can even use
.B apxs
to compile complex modules outside the Apache source tree, like PHP3, because
.B apxs 
automatically recognized C source files and object files.  

.nf
  $ cd php3
  $ ./configure --with-shared-apache=../apache-1.3
  $ apxs -c -o libphp3.so mod_php3.c libmodphp3-so.a
  gcc -fpic -DSHARED_MODULE -I/tmp/apache/include  -c mod_php3.c
  ld -Bshareable -o libphp3.so mod_php3.o libmodphp3-so.a
  $ _
.fi

Only C source files are compiled while remaining object files are used for the
linking phase.

.PD
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR apachectl(1),
.BR httpd(8).
.