diff options
author | Otto Moerbeek <otto@cvs.openbsd.org> | 2003-07-21 20:16:22 +0000 |
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committer | Otto Moerbeek <otto@cvs.openbsd.org> | 2003-07-21 20:16:22 +0000 |
commit | edd652e34abd392088469788b757b2612b80e9ab (patch) | |
tree | 3f9f105b399b34ce80664e19b3b755584f5f4f25 /regress/usr.bin/diff/t11.1 | |
parent | d847cc994d27774c465c1e0e5bba617415d574df (diff) |
Two new regressions. t12 fails currently.
ok millert@
Diffstat (limited to 'regress/usr.bin/diff/t11.1')
-rw-r--r-- | regress/usr.bin/diff/t11.1 | 1003 |
1 files changed, 1003 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/regress/usr.bin/diff/t11.1 b/regress/usr.bin/diff/t11.1 new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d5225e875b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/regress/usr.bin/diff/t11.1 @@ -0,0 +1,1003 @@ +.\" $OpenBSD: t11.1,v 1.1 2003/07/21 20:16:21 otto Exp $ +.\" $NetBSD: ed.1,v 1.13 1995/03/21 09:04:38 cgd Exp $ +.\" +.TH ED 1 "21 May 1993" +.SH NAME +.\" ed, red \- text editor +ed \- text editor +.SH SYNOPSIS +ed [-] [-sx] [-p \fIstring\fR] [\fIfile\fR] +.\" .LP +.\" red [-] [-sx] [-p \fIstring\fR] [\fIfile\fR] +.SH DESCRIPTION +.B ed +is a line-oriented text editor. +It is used to create, display, modify and otherwise manipulate text +files. +.\" .B red +.\" is a restricted +.\" .BR ed : +.\" it can only edit files in the current +.\" directory and cannot execute shell commands. + +If invoked with a +.I file +argument, then a copy of +.I file +is read into the editor's buffer. +Changes are made to this copy and not directly to +.I file +itself. +Upon quitting +.BR ed , +any changes not explicitly saved with a +.I `w' +command are lost. + +Editing is done in two distinct modes: +.I command +and +.IR input . +When first invoked, +.B ed +is in command mode. +In this mode commands are read from the standard input and +executed to manipulate the contents of the editor buffer. +A typical command might look like: +.sp +.RS +,s/\fIold\fR/\fInew\fR/g +.RE +.sp +which replaces all occurences of the string +.I old +with +.IR new . + +When an input command, such as +.I `a' +(append), +.I `i' +(insert) or +.I `c' +(change), is given, +.B ed +enters input mode. This is the primary means +of adding text to a file. +In this mode, no commands are available; +instead, the standard input is written +directly to the editor buffer. Lines consist of text up to and +including a +.IR newline +character. +Input mode is terminated by +entering a single period (\fI.\fR) on a line. + +All +.B ed +commands operate on whole lines or ranges of lines; e.g., +the +.I `d' +command deletes lines; the +.I `m' +command moves lines, and so on. +It is possible to modify only a portion of a line by means of replacement, +as in the example above. However even here, the +.I `s' +command is applied to whole lines at a time. + +In general, +.B ed +commands consist of zero or more line addresses, followed by a single +character command and possibly additional parameters; i.e., +commands have the structure: +.sp +.RS +.I [address [,address]]command[parameters] +.RE +.sp +The address(es) indicate the line or range of lines to be affected by the +command. If fewer addresses are given than the command accepts, then +default addresses are supplied. + +.SS OPTIONS +.TP 8 +-s +Suppresses diagnostics. This should be used if +.BR ed 's +standard input is from a script. + +.TP 8 +-x +Prompts for an encryption key to be used in subsequent reads and writes +(see the +.I `x' +command). + +.TP 8 +.RI \-p \ string +Specifies a command prompt. This may be toggled on and off with the +.I `P' +command. + +.TP 8 +.I file +Specifies the name of a file to read. If +.I file +is prefixed with a +bang (!), then it is interpreted as a shell command. In this case, +what is read is +the standard output of +.I file +executed via +.IR sh (1). +To read a file whose name begins with a bang, prefix the +name with a backslash (\\). +The default filename is set to +.I file +only if it is not prefixed with a bang. + +.SS LINE ADDRESSING +An address represents the number of a line in the buffer. +.B ed +maintains a +.I current address +which is +typically supplied to commands as the default address when none is specified. +When a file is first read, the current address is set to the last line +of the file. In general, the current address is set to the last line +affected by a command. + +A line address is +constructed from one of the bases in the list below, optionally followed +by a numeric offset. The offset may include any combination +of digits, operators (i.e., +.IR + , +.I - +and +.IR ^ ) +and whitespace. +Addresses are read from left to right, and their values are computed +relative to the current address. + +One exception to the rule that addresses represent line numbers is the +address +.I 0 +(zero). +This means "before the first line," +and is legal wherever it makes sense. + +An address range is two addresses separated either by a comma or +semi-colon. The value of the first address in a range cannot exceed the +value of the second. If only one address is given in a range, then +the second address is set to the given address. If an +.IR n- tuple +of addresses is given where +.I n > 2, +then the corresponding range is determined by the last two addresses in +the +.IR n- tuple. +If only one address is expected, then the last address is used. + +Each address in a comma-delimited range is interpreted relative to the +current address. In a semi-colon-delimited range, the first address is +used to set the current address, and the second address is interpreted +relative to the first. + + +The following address symbols are recognized. + +.TP 8 +\&. +The current line (address) in the buffer. + +.TP 8 +$ +The last line in the buffer. + +.TP 8 +n +The +.IR n th, +line in the buffer +where +.I n +is a number in the range +.I [0,$]. + +.TP 8 +- or ^ +The previous line. +This is equivalent to +.I -1 +and may be repeated with cumulative effect. + +.TP 8 +-\fIn\fR or ^\fIn\fR +The +.IR n th +previous line, where +.I n +is a non-negative number. + +.TP 8 ++ +The +next line. +This is equivalent to +.I +1 +and may be repeated with cumulative effect. + +.TP 8 ++\fIn\fR or whitespace\fIn\fR +The +.IR n th +next line, where +.I n +is a non-negative number. +.I whitespace +followed by a number +.I n +is interpreted as +.IR +n . + +.TP 8 +, \fRor\fB % +The first through last lines in the buffer. This is equivalent to +the address range +.I 1,$. + +.TP 8 +; +The +current through last lines in the buffer. This is equivalent to +the address range +.I .,$. + +.TP 8 +.RI / re/ +The +next line containing the regular expression +.IR re . +The search wraps to the beginning of the buffer and continues down to the +current line, if necessary. +// repeats the last search. + +.TP 8 +.RI ? re? +The +previous line containing the regular expression +.IR re . +The search wraps to the end of the buffer and continues up to the +current line, if necessary. +?? repeats the last search. + +.TP 8 +.RI \' lc +The +line previously marked by a +.I `k' +(mark) command, where +.I lc +is a lower case letter. + +.SS REGULAR EXPRESSIONS +Regular expressions are patterns used in selecting text. +For example, the +.B ed +command +.sp +.RS +g/\fIstring\fR/ +.RE +.sp +prints all lines containing +.IR string . +Regular expressions are also +used by the +.I `s' +command for selecting old text to be replaced with new. + +In addition to a specifying string literals, regular expressions can +represent +classes of strings. Strings thus represented are said to be matched +by the corresponding regular expression. +If it is possible for a regular expression +to match several strings in a line, then the left-most longest match is +the one selected. + +The following symbols are used in constructing regular expressions: + +.TP 8 +c +Any character +.I c +not listed below, including `{', '}', `(', `)', `<' and `>', +matches itself. + +.TP 8 +\fR\e\fIc\fR +Any backslash-escaped character +.IR c , +except for `{', '}', `(', `)', `<' and `>', +matches itself. + +.TP 8 +\fR.\fR +Matches any single character. + +.TP 8 +.I [char-class] +Matches any single character in +.IR char-class . +To include a `]' +in +.IR char-class , +it must be the first character. +A range of characters may be specified by separating the end characters +of the range with a `-', e.g., `a-z' specifies the lower case characters. +The following literal expressions can also be used in +.I char-class +to specify sets of characters: +.sp +\ \ [:alnum:]\ \ [:cntrl:]\ \ [:lower:]\ \ [:space:] +.PD 0 +\ \ [:alpha:]\ \ [:digit:]\ \ [:print:]\ \ [:upper:] +.PD 0 +\ \ [:blank:]\ \ [:graph:]\ \ [:punct:]\ \ [:xdigit:] +.sp +If `-' appears as the first or last +character of +.IR char-class , +then it matches itself. +All other characters in +.I char-class +match themselves. +.sp +Patterns in +.I char-class +of the form: +.sp +\ \ [.\fIcol-elm\fR.] or, +.PD 0 +\ \ [=\fIcol-elm\fR=] +.sp +where +.I col-elm +is a +.I collating element +are interpreted according to +.IR locale (5) +(not currently supported). +See +.IR regex (3) +for an explanation of these constructs. + +.TP 8 +[^\fIchar-class\fR] +Matches any single character, other than newline, not in +.IR char-class . +.IR char-class +is defined +as above. + +.TP 8 +^ +If `^' is the first character of a regular expression, then it +anchors the regular expression to the beginning of a line. +Otherwise, it matches itself. + +.TP 8 +$ +If `$' is the last character of a regular expression, it +anchors the regular expression to the end of a line. +Otherwise, it matches itself. + +.TP 8 +\fR\e<\fR +Anchors the single character regular expression or subexpression +immediately following it to the beginning of a word. +(This may not be available) + +.TP 8 +\fR\e>\fR +Anchors the single character regular expression or subexpression +immediately following it to the end of a word. +(This may not be available) + +.TP 8 +\fR\e(\fIre\fR\e)\fR +Defines a subexpression +.IR re . +Subexpressions may be nested. +A subsequent backreference of the form \fI`\en'\fR, where +.I n +is a number in the range [1,9], expands to the text matched by the +.IR n th +subexpression. +For example, the regular expression `\e(.*\e)\e1' matches any string +consisting of identical adjacent substrings. +Subexpressions are ordered relative to +their left delimiter. + +.TP 8 +* +Matches the single character regular expression or subexpression +immediately preceding it zero or more times. If '*' is the first +character of a regular expression or subexpression, then it matches +itself. The `*' operator sometimes yields unexpected results. +For example, the regular expression `b*' matches the beginning of +the string `abbb' (as opposed to the substring `bbb'), since a null match +is the only left-most match. + +.TP 8 +\fR\e{\fIn,m\fR\e}\fR or \fR\e{\fIn,\fR\e}\fR or \fR\e{\fIn\fR\e}\fR +Matches the single character regular expression or subexpression +immediately preceding it at least +.I n +and at most +.I m +times. +If +.I m +is omitted, then it matches at least +.I n +times. +If the comma is also omitted, then it matches exactly +.I n +times. + +.LP +Additional regular expression operators may be defined depending on the +particular +.IR regex (3) +implementation. + +.SS COMMANDS +All +.B ed +commands are single characters, though some require additonal parameters. +If a command's parameters extend over several lines, then +each line except for the last +must be terminated with a backslash (\\). + +In general, at most one command is allowed per line. +However, most commands accept a print suffix, which is any of +.I `p' +(print), +.I `l' +(list) , +or +.I `n' +(enumerate), +to print the last line affected by the command. + +An interrupt (typically ^C) has the effect of aborting the current command +and returning the editor to command mode. + +.B ed +recognizes the following commands. The commands are shown together with +the default address or address range supplied if none is +specified (in parenthesis). + +.TP 8 +(.)a +Appends text to the buffer after the addressed line. +Text is entered in input mode. +The current address is set to last line entered. + +.TP 8 +(.,.)c +Changes lines in the buffer. The addressed lines are deleted +from the buffer, and text is appended in their place. +Text is entered in input mode. +The current address is set to last line entered. + +.TP 8 +(.,.)d +Deletes the addressed lines from the buffer. +If there is a line after the deleted range, then the current address is set +to this line. Otherwise the current address is set to the line +before the deleted range. + +.TP 8 +.RI e \ file +Edits +.IR file , +and sets the default filename. +If +.I file +is not specified, then the default filename is used. +Any lines in the buffer are deleted before +the new file is read. +The current address is set to the last line read. + +.TP 8 +.RI e \ !command +Edits the standard output of +.IR `!command' , +(see +.RI ! command +below). +The default filename is unchanged. +Any lines in the buffer are deleted before the output of +.I command +is read. +The current address is set to the last line read. + +.TP 8 +.RI E \ file +Edits +.I file +unconditionally. +This is similar to the +.I e +command, +except that unwritten changes are discarded without warning. +The current address is set to the last line read. + +.TP 8 +.RI f \ file +Sets the default filename to +.IR file . +If +.I file +is not specified, then the default unescaped filename is printed. + +.TP 8 +.RI (1,$)g /re/command-list +Applies +.I command-list +to each of the addressed lines matching a regular expression +.IR re . +The current address is set to the +line currently matched before +.I command-list +is executed. +At the end of the +.I `g' +command, the current address is set to the last line affected by +.IR command-list . + +Each command in +.I command-list +must be on a separate line, +and every line except for the last must be terminated by a backslash +(\\). +Any commands are allowed, except for +.IR `g' , +.IR `G' , +.IR `v' , +and +.IR `V' . +A newline alone in +.I command-list +is equivalent to a +.I `p' +command. + +.TP 8 +.RI (1,$)G /re/ +Interactively edits the addressed lines matching a regular expression +.IR re. +For each matching line, +the line is printed, +the current address is set, +and the user is prompted to enter a +.IR command-list . +At the end of the +.I `G' +command, the current address +is set to the last line affected by (the last) +.IR command-list . + +The format of +.I command-list +is the same as that of the +.I `g' +command. A newline alone acts as a null command list. +A single `&' repeats the last non-null command list. + +.TP 8 +H +Toggles the printing of error explanations. +By default, explanations are not printed. +It is recommended that ed scripts begin with this command to +aid in debugging. + +.TP 8 +h +Prints an explanation of the last error. + +.TP 8 +(.)i +Inserts text in the buffer before the current line. +Text is entered in input mode. +The current address is set to the last line entered. + +.TP 8 +(.,.+1)j +Joins the addressed lines. The addressed lines are +deleted from the buffer and replaced by a single +line containing their joined text. +The current address is set to the resultant line. + +.TP 8 +.RI (.)k lc +Marks a line with a lower case letter +.IR lc . +The line can then be addressed as +.I 'lc +(i.e., a single quote followed by +.I lc +) in subsequent commands. The mark is not cleared until the line is +deleted or otherwise modified. + +.TP 8 +(.,.)l +Prints the addressed lines unambiguously. +If a single line fills for than one screen (as might be the case +when viewing a binary file, for instance), a `--More--' +prompt is printed on the last line. +.B ed +waits until the RETURN key is pressed +before displaying the next screen. +The current address is set to the last line +printed. + +.TP 8 +(.,.)m(.) +Moves lines in the buffer. The addressed lines are moved to after the +right-hand destination address, which may be the address +.IR 0 +(zero). +The current address is set to the +last line moved. + +.TP 8 +(.,.)n +Prints the addressed lines along with +their line numbers. The current address is set to the last line +printed. + +.TP 8 +(.,.)p +Prints the addressed lines. The current address is set to the last line +printed. + +.TP 8 +P +Toggles the command prompt on and off. +Unless a prompt was specified by with command-line option +\fI-p string\fR, the command prompt is by default turned off. + +.TP 8 +q +Quits ed. + +.TP 8 +Q +Quits ed unconditionally. +This is similar to the +.I q +command, +except that unwritten changes are discarded without warning. + +.TP 8 +.RI ($)r \ file +Reads +.I file +to after the addressed line. If +.I file +is not specified, then the default +filename is used. If there was no default filename prior to the command, +then the default filename is set to +.IR file . +Otherwise, the default filename is unchanged. +The current address is set to the last line read. + +.TP 8 +.RI ($)r \ !command +Reads +to after the addressed line +the standard output of +.IR `!command' , +(see the +.RI ! command +below). +The default filename is unchanged. +The current address is set to the last line read. + +.HP +.RI (.,.)s /re/replacement/ +.PD 0 +.HP +.RI (.,.)s /re/replacement/\fRg\fR +.HP +.RI (.,.)s /re/replacement/n +.br +Replaces text in the addressed lines +matching a regular expression +.I re +with +.IR replacement . +By default, only the first match in each line is replaced. +If the +.I `g' +(global) suffix is given, then every match to be replaced. +The +.I `n' +suffix, where +.I n +is a postive number, causes only the +.IR n th +match to be replaced. +It is an error if no substitutions are performed on any of the addressed +lines. +The current address is set the last line affected. + +.I re +and +.I replacement +may be delimited by any character other than space and newline +(see the +.I `s' +command below). +If one or two of the last delimiters is omitted, then the last line +affected is printed as though the print suffix +.I `p' +were specified. + + +An unescaped `&' in +.I replacement +is replaced by the currently matched text. +The character sequence +\fI`\em'\fR, +where +.I m +is a number in the range [1,9], is replaced by the +.IR m th +backreference expression of the matched text. +If +.I replacement +consists of a single `%', then +.I replacement +from the last substitution is used. +Newlines may be embedded in +.I replacement +if they are escaped with a backslash (\\). + +.TP 8 +(.,.)s +Repeats the last substitution. +This form of the +.I `s' +command accepts a count suffix +.IR `n' , +or any combination of the characters +.IR `r' , +.IR `g' , +and +.IR `p' . +If a count suffix +.I `n' +is given, then only the +.IR n th +match is replaced. +The +.I `r' +suffix causes +the regular expression of the last search to be used instead of the +that of the last substitution. +The +.I `g' +suffix toggles the global suffix of the last substitution. +The +.I `p' +suffix toggles the print suffix of the last substitution +The current address is set to the last line affected. + +.TP 8 +(.,.)t(.) +Copies (i.e., transfers) the addressed lines to after the right-hand +destination address, which may be the address +.IR 0 +(zero). +The current address is set to the last line +copied. + +.TP 8 +u +Undoes the last command and restores the current address +to what it was before the command. +The global commands +.IR `g' , +.IR `G' , +.IR `v' , +and +.IR `V' . +are treated as a single command by undo. +.I `u' +is its own inverse. + +.TP 8 +.RI (1,$)v /pat/command-list +Applies +.I command-list +to each of the addressed lines not matching a regular expression +.IR re . +This is similar to the +.I `g' +command. + +.TP 8 +.RI (1,$)V /re/ +Interactively edits the addressed lines not matching a regular expression +.IR re. +This is similar to the +.I `G' +command. + +.TP 8 +.RI (1,$)w \ file +Writes the addressed lines to +.IR file . +Any previous contents of +.I file +is lost without warning. +If there is no default filename, then the default filename is set to +.IR file, +otherwise it is unchanged. If no filename is specified, then the default +filename is used. +The current address is unchanged. + +.TP 8 +.RI (1,$)wq \ file +Writes the addressed lines to +.IR file , +and then executes a +.I `q' +command. + +.TP 8 +.RI (1,$)w \ !command +Writes the addressed lines to the standard input of +.IR `!command' , +(see the +.RI ! command +below). +The default filename and current address are unchanged. + +.TP 8 +.RI (1,$)W \ file +Appends the addressed lines to the end of +.IR file . +This is similar to the +.I `w' +command, expect that the previous contents of file is not clobbered. +The current address is unchanged. + +.TP 8 +x +Prompts for an encryption key which is used in subsequent reads and +writes. If a newline alone is entered as the key, then encryption is +turned off. Otherwise, echoing is disabled while a key is read. +Encryption/decryption is done using the bdes(1) algorithm. + +.TP 8 +.RI (.+1)z n +Scrolls +.I n +lines at a time starting at addressed line. If +.I n +is not specified, then the current window size is used. +The current address is set to the last line printed. + +.TP 8 +.RI ! command +Executes +.I command +via +.IR sh (1). +If the first character of +.I command +is `!', then it is replaced by text of the +previous +.IR `!command' . +.B ed +does not process +.I command +for backslash (\\) escapes. +However, an unescaped +.I `%' +is replaced by the default filename. +When the shell returns from execution, a `!' +is printed to the standard output. +The current line is unchanged. + +.TP 8 +($)= +Prints the line number of the addressed line. + +.TP 8 +(.+1)newline +Prints the addressed line, and sets the current address to +that line. + +.SH FILES +.TP 20 +/tmp/ed.* +Buffer file +.PD 0 +.TP 20 +ed.hup +The file to which +.B ed +attempts to write the buffer if the terminal hangs up. + +.SH SEE ALSO + +.IR vi (1), +.IR sed (1), +.IR regex (3), +.IR bdes (1), +.IR sh (1). + +USD:12-13 + +B. W. Kernighan and P. J. Plauger, +.I Software Tools in Pascal , +Addison-Wesley, 1981. + +.SH LIMITATIONS +.B ed +processes +.I file +arguments for backslash escapes, i.e., in a filename, +any characters preceded by a backslash (\\) are +interpreted literally. + +If a text (non-binary) file is not terminated by a newline character, +then +.B ed +appends one on reading/writing it. In the case of a binary file, +.B ed +does not append a newline on reading/writing. + +per line overhead: 4 ints + +.SH DIAGNOSTICS +When an error occurs, +.B ed +prints a `?' and either returns to command mode +or exits if its input is from a script. +An explanation of the last error can be +printed with the +.I `h' +(help) command. + +Since the +.I `g' +(global) command masks any errors from failed searches and substitutions, +it can be used to perform conditional operations in scripts; e.g., +.sp +.RS +g/\fIold\fR/s//\fInew\fR/ +.RE +.sp +replaces any occurrences of +.I old +with +.IR new . +If the +.I `u' +(undo) command occurs in a global command list, then +the command list is executed only once. + +If diagnostics are not disabled, attempting to quit +.B ed +or edit another file before writing a modified buffer +results in an error. +If the command is entered a second time, it succeeds, +but any changes to the buffer are lost. |