Update to 2022bgtz from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz

Major changes:
 o Chile's DST is delayed by a week in September 2022.
 o Iran no longer observes DST after 2022.
 o Rename Europe/Kiev to Europe/Kyiv.

12 files changed, 373 insertions, 574 deletions

diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/africa b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/africa
index c47aec88731..3887b33f1b8 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/africa
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/africa
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: africa,v 1.68 2022/07/25 21:43:58 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: africa,v 1.69 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb data for Africa and environs
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Djibouti	2:52:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul
 # Egypt
 
 # Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh
-# observatory; round to nearest.  Milne also says that the official time for
+# observatory.  Milne also says that the official time for
 # Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this
 # did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said.
 
@@ -379,6 +379,7 @@ Rule	Egypt	2014	only	-	Jul	31	24:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Egypt	2014	only	-	Sep	lastThu	24:00	0	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+		#STDOFF	2:05:08.9
 Zone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:09 -	LMT	1900 Oct
 			2:00	Egypt	EE%sT
 
@@ -470,7 +471,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Bissau	-1:02:20 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1  1:00u
 # At midnight on 30 June 1928 the clocks throughout Kenya was put forward
 # half an hour by the Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1928.
 # https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1928/ke-government-gazette-dated-1928-05-11-no-28.pdf
-# [Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Offical Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813]
+# [Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Official Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813]
 # https://books.google.com/books?id=2S0S6os32ZUC&pg=PA813
 #
 # The 1928 ordinance was repealed by the Alteration of Time (repeal) Ordinance,
@@ -616,6 +617,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Bamako	-0:32:00 -	LMT	1912
 			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
 			-1:00	-	-01	1960 Jun 20
 			 0:00	-	GMT
+#PACKRATLIST zone.tab Link Africa/Bamako Africa/Timbuktu
 
 # Mauritania
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -1392,6 +1394,9 @@ Zone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
 
+#
+# The Crozet Islands also observe Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
+
 # Rwanda
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Kigali	2:00:16 -	LMT	1935 Jun
@@ -1428,9 +1433,10 @@ Zone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890 # Jamestown
 # From Michael Deckers (2018-12-30):
 # https://www.legis-palop.org/download.jsp?idFile=102818
 # ... [The legal time of the country, which coincides with universal
-# coordinated time, will be restituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.]
+# coordinated time, will be reinstituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.]
 
 Zone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
+		#STDOFF	-0:36:44.68
 			-0:36:45 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1 00:00u # Lisbon MT
 			 0:00	-	GMT	2018 Jan  1 01:00
 			 1:00	-	WAT	2019 Jan  1 02:00
@@ -1443,19 +1449,6 @@ Zone	Africa/Dakar	-1:09:44 -	LMT	1912
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 # Seychelles
-
-# From P Chan (2020-11-27):
-# Standard Time was adopted on 1907-01-01.
-#
-# Standard Time Ordinance (Chapter 237)
-# The Laws of Seychelles in Force on the 31st December, 1971, Vol. 6, p 571
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=efE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA571
-#
-# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05):
-# A footnote on https://books.google.com/books?id=DYdDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1689
-# confirms that Ordinance No. 9 of 1906 "was brought into force on the 1st
-# January, 1907."
-
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1907 Jan  1 # Victoria
 			4:00	-	+04
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/antarctica b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/antarctica
index d24f5c45fba..d3b0b6f2bfe 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/antarctica
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/antarctica
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: antarctica,v 1.44 2022/07/25 21:43:58 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: antarctica,v 1.45 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb data for Antarctica and environs
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -158,9 +158,11 @@ Zone Antarctica/Mawson	0	-	-00	1954 Feb 13
 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
 #	fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
 #
+# Kerguelen
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Indian/Kerguelen	0	-	-00	1950 # Port-aux-Français
 			5:00	-	+05
+
 #
 # year-round base in the main continent
 # Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
@@ -252,29 +254,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/Troll	0	-	-00	2005 Feb 12
 #	year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
 
 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
-# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15):
-# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP
-# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
-# time as Moscow, Russia.
-#
-# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
-# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
-# what they had to say about time there:
-# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
-# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
-# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
-# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
-# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
-# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
-# in person.  He said that some Antarctic locations set their local
-# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
-# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
-# solar noon.  So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
-# happened to be during their visit.  So we still don't really know what time
-# it is at Vostok.  But we'll guess +06.
-#
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Vostok	0	-	-00	1957 Dec 16
 			6:00	-	+06
 
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/asia b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/asia
index 38800c85ff9..c31a1e6a76d 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/asia
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/asia
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: asia,v 1.98 2022/07/25 21:43:58 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: asia,v 1.99 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb data for Asia and environs
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -355,12 +355,9 @@ Rule	Shang	1919	only	-	Sep	30	24:00	0	S
 # in the city at the time for people who use different time standard to adjust
 # their clock to their preferred time.
 #
-# a. For the 1940 May 31 spring forward, the essay claim that it was
-# coordinared between the international settlement authority and the French
-# concession authority and have gathered support from Hong Kong and Xiamen,
-# that it would spring forward an hour from May 31 "midnight", and the essay
-# claim "Hong Kong government implemented the spring forward in the same time
-# on the same date as Shanghai".
+# a. For the 1940 May 31 spring forward, the essay [says] ... "Hong
+# Kong government implemented the spring forward in the same time on
+# the same date as Shanghai".
 #
 # b. For the 1940 fall back, it was said that they initially intended to do
 # so on September 30 00:59 at night, however they postponed it to October 12
@@ -556,7 +553,7 @@ Rule	PRC	1987	1991	-	Apr	Sun>=11	 2:00	1:00	D
 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT +08
 # Now part of Asia/Shanghai.
 # most of China
-# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest.
+# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time....
 # Guo says Shanghai switched to UT +08 "from the end of the 19th century".
 #
 # Long-shu Time (probably as Long and Shu were two names of the area) UT +07
@@ -675,6 +672,7 @@ Rule	PRC	1987	1991	-	Apr	Sun>=11	 2:00	1:00	D
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai.
+		#STDOFF	8:05:43.2
 Zone	Asia/Shanghai	8:05:43	-	LMT	1901
 			8:00	Shang	C%sT	1949 May 28
 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
@@ -686,7 +684,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Urumqi	5:50:20	-	LMT	1928
 
 # Hong Kong
 
-# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
+# Milne gives 7:36:41.7.
 
 # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
 # I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong
@@ -870,7 +868,8 @@ Rule	HK	1973	only	-	Dec	30	3:30	1:00	S
 Rule	HK	1979	only	-	May	13	3:30	1:00	S
 Rule	HK	1979	only	-	Oct	21	3:30	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Hong_Kong	7:36:42 -	LMT	1904 Oct 30  0:36:42
+		#STDOFF	7:36:41.7
+Zone	Asia/Hong_Kong	7:36:42 -	LMT	1904 Oct 29 17:00u
 			8:00	-	HKT	1941 Jun 15  3:00
 			8:00	1:00	HKST	1941 Oct  1  4:00
 			8:00	0:30	HKWT	1941 Dec 25
@@ -1345,7 +1344,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Kolkata	5:53:28 -	LMT	1854 Jun 28 # Kolkata
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
 # The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 306 says that Batavia
-# civil time was 7:07:12.5; round to even for Jakarta.
+# civil time was 7:07:12.5.
 #
 # From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
 # http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime
@@ -1381,10 +1380,11 @@ Zone	Asia/Kolkata	5:53:28 -	LMT	1854 Jun 28 # Kolkata
 #
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Java, Sumatra
+		#STDOFF	7:07:12.5
 Zone Asia/Jakarta	7:07:12 -	LMT	1867 Aug 10
 # Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
 # but this must be a typo.
-			7:07:12	-	BMT	1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia
+			7:07:12	-	BMT	1923 Dec 31 16:40u # Batavia
 			7:20	-	+0720	1932 Nov
 			7:30	-	+0730	1942 Mar 23
 			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep 23
@@ -1416,6 +1416,111 @@ Zone Asia/Jayapura	9:22:48 -	LMT	1932 Nov
 
 # Iran
 
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-05-30):
+# Here's an order from the Cabinet to the rest of the government to switch to
+# Tehran time, which is mentioned to be already at +03:30:
+# https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/180138
+# Just in case that goes away, I also saved a copy at archive.org:
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20220530111940/https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/180138
+# Here's my translation:
+#
+# "Circular on Matching the Hours of Governmental and Official Circles
+# in Provinces
+# Approved 1314/03/22 [=1935-06-13]
+# According to the ruling of the Honorable Cabinet, it is ordered that from
+# now on in all internal provinces of the country, governmental and official
+# circles set their time to match Tehran time (three hours and half before
+# Greenwich)....
+#
+# I still haven't found out when Tehran itself switched to +03:30....
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-06-05):
+# Although the above says Tehran was at +03:30 before 1935-06-13, we don't
+# know when it switched to +03:30.  For now, use 1935-06-13 as the switch date.
+# Although most likely wrong, we have no better info.
+
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-06-01):
+# This is from Kayhan newspaper, one of the major Iranian newspapers, from
+# March 20, 1978, page 2:
+#
+# "Pull the clocks 60 minutes forward
+# As we informed before, from the fourth day of the month Farvardin of the
+# new year [=1978-03-24], clocks will be pulled forward, and people's daily
+# work and life program will start one hour earlier than the current program.
+# On the 1st day of the month Farvardin of this year [=1977-03-21], they had
+# pulled the clocks forward by one hour, but in the month of Mehr
+# [=1977-09-23], the clocks were pulled back by 30 minutes.
+# In this way, from the 4th day of the month Farvardin, clocks will be ahead
+# of the previous years by one hour and a half.
+# According to the new program, during the night of 4th of Farvardin, when
+# the midnight, meaning 24 o'clock is announced, the hands of the clock must
+# be pulled forward by one hour and thus consider midnight 1 o'clock in the
+# forenoon."
+#
+# This implies that in September 1977, when the daylight savings time was
+# done with, Iran didn't go back to +03:30, but immediately to +04:00.
+#
+#
+# This is from the major Iranian newspaper Ettela'at, dated [1978-08-03]...,
+# page 32. It looks like they decided to get the clocks back to +4:00
+# just in time for Ramadan that year:
+#
+# "Tomorrow Night, Pull the Clocks Back by One Hour
+# At 1 o'clock in the forenoon of Saturday 14 Mordad [=1978-08-05], the
+# clocks will be pulled one hour back and instead of 1 o'clock in the
+# forenoon, Radio Iran will announce 24 o'clock.
+# This decision was made in the Cabinet of Ministers meeting of 25 Tir
+# [=1978-07-16], [...]
+# At the beginning of the year 2537 [=March 1978: Iran was using a different
+# year number for a few years then, based on the Coronation of Cyrus the
+# Great], the country's official time was pulled forward by one hour and now
+# the official time is one hour and a half ahead compared to last year,
+# because in Farvardin of last year [=March 1977], the official time was
+# pulled forward one hour and this continued until the second half of last
+# year [=September 1977] until in the second half of last year the official
+# time was pulled back half an hour and that half hour still remains."
+#
+# This matches the time of the true noon published in the newspapers, as they
+# clearly go from +05:00 to +04:00 after that date (which happened during a
+# long weekend in Iran).
+
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-05-31):
+# [Movahedi S. Cultural preconceptions of time: Can we use operational time
+# to meddle in God's Time? Comp Stud Soc Hist. 1985;27(3):385-400]
+# https://www.jstor.org/stable/178704
+# Here's the quotes from the paper:
+# 1. '"Iran's official time keeper moved the clock one hour forward as from
+# March 22, 1977 (Farvardin 2, 2536) to make maximum use of daylight and save
+# in energy consumption. Thus Iran joined such other countries as Britain in
+# observing what is known as 'daylight saving.' The proposal was originally
+# put forward by the Ministry of Energy, in no way having any influence on
+# observing religious ceremonies. Moving time one hour forward in summer
+# means that at 11:00 o'clock on March 21, the official time was set as
+# midnight March 22. Then September 24 will actually begin one hour later
+# than the end of September 23 [...]." Iran's time base thus continued to be
+# Greenwich Mean Time plus three and one-half hours (plus four and one-half
+# hours in summer).'
+#
+# The article sources this from Iran Almanac and Book of Facts, 1977, Tehran:
+# Echo of Iran, which is on Google Books at
+# https://www.google.com/books/edition/Iran_Almanac_and_Book_of_Facts/9ybVAAAAMAAJ.
+# (I confirmed it by searching for snippets.)
+#
+# 2. "After the fall of the shah, the revolutionary government returned to
+# daylight-saving time (DST) on 26 May 1979."
+#
+# This seems to have been announced just one day in advance, on 25 May 1979.
+#
+# The change in 1977 clearly seems to be the first daylight savings effort in
+# Iran. But the article doesn't mention what happened in 1978 (which was
+# still during the shah's government), or how things continued in 1979
+# onwards (which was during the Islamic Republic).
+
+# From Francis Santoni (2022-06-01):
+# for Iran and 1977 the effective change is only 20 october
+# (UIT No. 143 17.XI.1977) and not 23 september (UIT No. 141 13.IX.1977).
+# UIT is the Operational Bulletin of International Telecommunication Union.
+
 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
 # This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian).
 # The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine:
@@ -1450,65 +1555,12 @@ Zone Asia/Jayapura	9:22:48 -	LMT	1932 Nov
 # leap year calculation involved.  There has never been any serious
 # plan to change that law....
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30):
-# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
-# I used the following code in GNU Emacs 26.1 to generate the "Rule Iran"
-# lines from 2008 through 2087.  Emacs 26.1 uses Ed Reingold's
-# cal-persia implementation of Birashk's approximation, which in the
-# 2008-2087 range disagrees with the astronomical Persian calendar
-# for Persian years 1404 (Gregorian 2025) and 1437 (Gregorian 2058), so
-# the following code special-cases those years.  See Table 15.1, page 264, of:
-# Edward M. Reingold and Nachum Dershowitz, Calendrical Calculations:
-# The Ultimate Edition, Cambridge University Press (2018).
-# https://www.cambridge.org/fr/academic/subjects/computer-science/computing-general-interest/calendrical-calculations-ultimate-edition-4th-edition
-# Page 258, footnote 2, of this book says there is some dispute over what will
-# happen in 2091 (and some other years after that), so this code
-# stops in 2087, as 2088 and 2089 agree with the "max" rule below.
-# (cl-loop
-#  initially (require 'cal-persia)
-#  with first-persian-year = 1387
-#  with last-persian-year = 1466
-#  ;; Exceptional years in the above range,
-#  ;; from Reingold & Dershowitz Table 15.1, page 264:
-#  with exceptional-persian-years = '(1404 1437)
-#  with range-start = nil
-#  for persian-year from first-persian-year to last-persian-year
-#  do
-#  (let*
-#      ((exceptional-year-offset
-#        (if (member persian-year exceptional-persian-years) 1 0))
-#       (beg-dst-absolute
-#        (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 persian-year))
-#           exceptional-year-offset))
-#       (end-dst-absolute
-#        (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 6 30 persian-year))
-#           exceptional-year-offset))
-#       (next-year-beg-dst-absolute
-#        (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 (1+ persian-year)))
-#           (if (member (1+ persian-year) exceptional-persian-years) 1 0)))
-#       (beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute beg-dst-absolute))
-#       (end-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute end-dst-absolute))
-#       (next-year-beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
-#                           next-year-beg-dst-absolute))
-#       (year (calendar-extract-year beg-dst))
-#       (range-end (if range-start year "only")))
-#    (setq range-start (or range-start year))
-#    (when (or (/= (calendar-extract-day beg-dst)
-#                  (calendar-extract-day next-year-beg-dst))
-#              (= persian-year last-persian-year))
-#      (insert
-#       (format
-#        "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\t-\n"
-#        range-start range-end
-#        (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month beg-dst) t)
-#        (calendar-extract-day beg-dst)))
-#      (insert
-#       (format
-#        "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n"
-#        range-start range-end
-#        (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month end-dst) t)
-#        (calendar-extract-day end-dst)))
-#      (setq range-start nil))))
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-06-30):
+# Go with Pournader for 1935 through spring 1979, and for timestamps
+# after August 1991; go with with Shanks & Pottenger for other timestamps.
+# Go with Santoni's citation of the UIT for fall 1977, as 20 October 1977
+# is 28 Mehr 1356, consistent with the "Mehr" in Pournader's source.
+# Assume that the UIT's "1930" is UTC, i.e., 24:00 local time.
 #
 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
 # discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
@@ -1542,10 +1594,23 @@ Zone Asia/Jayapura	9:22:48 -	LMT	1932 Nov
 # be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the
 # thirtieth day of Shahrivar.
 #
+# From Ali Mirjamali (2022-05-10):
+# Official IR News Agency announcement: irna.ir/xjJ3TT
+# ...
+# Highlights: DST will be cancelled for the next Iranian year 1402
+# (i.e 2023-March-21) and forthcoming years.
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Iran	1978	1980	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	1978	only	-	Oct	20	24:00	0	-
+# Work around a bug in zic 2022a and earlier.
+Rule	Iran	1910	only	-	Jan	 1	00:00	0	-
+#
+Rule	Iran	1977	only	-	Mar	21	23:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	1977	only	-	Oct	20	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	1978	only	-	Mar	24	24:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	1978	only	-	Aug	 5	01:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	1979	only	-	May	26	24:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iran	1979	only	-	Sep	18	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	1980	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iran	1980	only	-	Sep	22	24:00	0	-
 Rule	Iran	1991	only	-	May	 2	24:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iran	1992	1995	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
@@ -1576,85 +1641,13 @@ Rule	Iran	2017	2019	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iran	2017	2019	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
 Rule	Iran	2020	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iran	2020	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2021	2023	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2021	2023	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2024	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2024	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2025	2027	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2025	2027	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2028	2029	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2028	2029	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2030	2031	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2030	2031	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2032	2033	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2032	2033	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2034	2035	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2034	2035	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2036	2037	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2036	2037	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2038	2039	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2038	2039	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2040	2041	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2040	2041	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2042	2043	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2042	2043	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2044	2045	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2044	2045	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2046	2047	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2046	2047	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2048	2049	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2048	2049	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2050	2051	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2050	2051	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2052	2053	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2052	2053	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2054	2055	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2054	2055	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2056	2057	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2056	2057	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2058	2059	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2058	2059	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2060	2062	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2060	2062	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2063	only	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2063	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2064	2066	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2064	2066	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2067	only	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2067	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2068	2070	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2068	2070	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2071	only	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2071	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2072	2074	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2072	2074	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2075	only	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2075	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2076	2078	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2076	2078	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2079	only	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2079	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2080	2082	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2080	2082	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2083	only	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2083	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2084	2086	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2084	2086	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
-Rule	Iran	2087	only	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2087	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
-#
-# The following rules are approximations starting in the year 2088.
-# These are the best post-2088 approximations available, given the
-# restrictions of a single rule using ordinary Gregorian dates.
-# At some point this table will need to be extended, though quite
-# possibly Iran will change the rules first.
-Rule	Iran	2088	max	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Iran	2088	max	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2021	2022	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2021	2022	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Tehran	3:25:44	-	LMT	1916
-			3:25:44	-	TMT	1946     # Tehran Mean Time
-			3:30	-	+0330	1977 Nov
+			3:25:44	-	TMT	1935 Jun 13 # Tehran Mean Time
+			3:30	Iran	+0330/+0430 1977 Oct 20 24:00
 			4:00	Iran	+04/+05	1979
 			3:30	Iran	+0330/+0430
 
@@ -2476,9 +2469,9 @@ Zone	Asia/Amman	2:23:44 -	LMT	1931
 # the third time belt (before 1930 this means +03).
 
 # From Alexander Konzurovski (2018-12-20):
-# Qyzyolrda Region (Asia/Qyzylorda) is changing its time zone from
-# UTC+6 to UTC+5 effective December 21st, 2018. The legal document is
-# located here: http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language).
+# (Asia/Qyzylorda) is changing its time zone from UTC+6 to UTC+5
+# effective December 21st, 2018....
+# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language).
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 #
@@ -2765,10 +2758,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Beirut	2:22:00 -	LMT	1880
 Rule	NBorneo	1935	1941	-	Sep	14	0:00	0:20	-
 Rule	NBorneo	1935	1941	-	Dec	14	0:00	0	-
 #
-# peninsular Malaysia
-# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
-# https://web.archive.org/web/20190822231045/http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/~mathelmr/teaching/timezone.html
-# This agrees with Singapore since 1905-06-01.
+# Peninsular Malaysia
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur	6:46:46 -	LMT	1901 Jan  1
 			6:55:25	-	SMT	1905 Jun  1 # Singapore M.T.
@@ -2779,6 +2769,8 @@ Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur	6:46:46 -	LMT	1901 Jan  1
 			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep 12
 			7:30	-	+0730	1982 Jan  1
 			8:00	-	+08
+
+#
 # Sabah & Sarawak
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12):
 # The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945
@@ -3861,7 +3853,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Damascus	2:25:12 -	LMT	1920 # Dimashq
 Zone	Asia/Dushanbe	4:35:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			5:00	-	+05	1930 Jun 21
 			6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			5:00	1:00	+05/+06	1991 Sep  9  2:00s
+			5:00	1:00	+06	1991 Sep  9  2:00s
 			5:00	-	+05
 
 # Thailand
@@ -3894,7 +3886,8 @@ Zone	Asia/Samarkand	4:27:53 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			6:00	-	+06	1982 Apr  1
 			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1992
 			5:00	-	+05
-# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest.
+# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8.
+		#STDOFF	4:37:10.8
 Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:11 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			5:00	-	+05	1930 Jun 21
 			6:00 RussiaAsia	+06/+07	1991 Mar 31  2:00
@@ -3913,7 +3906,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:11 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh
 # City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-21) after a heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân:
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-27) after a 2014 heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân:
 # Trần Tiến Bình's authoritative book "Lịch Việt Nam: thế kỷ XX-XXI (1901-2100)"
 # (Nhà xuất bản Văn Hoá - Thông Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50,
 # is quoted verbatim in:
@@ -3925,8 +3918,8 @@ Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:11 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 # The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to
 # Phù Liễn Observatory, legally 104° 17' 17" east of Paris.
 # It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or
-# the Paris Meridian (2° 20' 14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333...
-# and the latter 07:06:29.333... so either way it rounds to 07:06:30,
+# the Paris Meridian; for now guess the former and round the exact
+# 07:06:30.1333... to 07:06:30.13 as the legal spec used 66 2/3 ms precision.
 # which is used below even though the modern-day Phù Liễn Observatory
 # is closer to 07:06:31.  Abbreviate Phù Liễn Mean Time as PLMT.
 #
@@ -3953,7 +3946,8 @@ Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:11 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 # NXB Thuận Hoá, Huế, 1995.
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	7:06:40 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
+		#STDOFF	7:06:30.13
+Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	7:06:30 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
 			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1 # Phù Liễn MT
 			7:00	-	+07	1942 Dec 31 23:00
 			8:00	-	+08	1945 Mar 14 23:00
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/australasia b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/australasia
index 2f60e8bc3bf..1d75fdc2c6b 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/australasia
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/australasia
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: australasia,v 1.73 2022/07/25 21:43:58 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: australasia,v 1.74 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb data for Australasia and environs, and for much of the Pacific
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -258,8 +258,6 @@ Zone Indian/Christmas	7:02:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
 			7:00	-	+07
 
 # Cocos (Keeling) Is
-# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
-# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Cocos	6:27:40	-	LMT	1900
 			6:30	-	+0630
@@ -478,6 +476,7 @@ Zone	Pacific/Guam	-14:21:00 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Tarawa	 11:32:04 -	LMT	1901 # Bairiki
 			 12:00	-	+12
+
 Zone Pacific/Kanton	  0	-	-00	1937 Aug 31
 			-12:00	-	-12	1979 Oct
 			-11:00	-	-11	1994 Dec 31
@@ -505,6 +504,8 @@ Zone Pacific/Majuro	 11:24:48 -	LMT	1901
 			  9:00	-	+09	1944 Jan 30
 			 11:00	-	+11	1969 Oct
 			 12:00	-	+12
+
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein	 11:09:20 -	LMT	1901
 			 11:00	-	+11	1937
 			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
@@ -522,6 +523,8 @@ Zone Pacific/Chuuk	-13:52:52 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
 			  9:00	-	+09	1945 Aug
 			 10:00	-	+10
+
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei	-13:27:08 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31	# Kolonia
 			 10:32:52 -	LMT	1901
 			 11:00	-	+11	1914 Oct
@@ -530,6 +533,8 @@ Zone Pacific/Pohnpei	-13:27:08 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31	# Kolonia
 			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
 			  9:00	-	+09	1945 Aug
 			 11:00	-	+11
+
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Kosrae	-13:08:04 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			 10:51:56 -	LMT	1901
 			 11:00	-	+11	1914 Oct
@@ -599,14 +604,14 @@ Rule	Chatham	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:45s	0	-
 Zone Pacific/Auckland	11:39:04 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
 			11:30	NZ	NZ%sT	1946 Jan  1
 			12:00	NZ	NZ%sT
-Zone Pacific/Chatham	12:13:48 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
-			12:15	-	+1215	1946 Jan  1
-			12:45	Chatham	+1245/+1345
-
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/McMurdo	0	-	-00	1956
 			12:00	NZ	NZ%sT
 
+Zone Pacific/Chatham	12:13:48 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
+			12:15	-	+1215	1946 Jan  1
+			12:45	Chatham	+1245/+1345
+
 # Auckland Is
 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
 # and scientific personnel have wintered
@@ -665,7 +670,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Rarotonga	13:20:56 -	LMT	1899 Dec 26 # Avarua
 
 
 # Niue
-# See Pacific/Raratonga comments for 1952 transition.
+# See Pacific/Rarotonga comments for 1952 transition.
 #
 # From Tim Parenti (2021-09-13):
 # Consecutive contemporaneous editions of The Air Almanac listed -11:20 for
@@ -1292,6 +1297,7 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # to have the extra hour of sunshine removed from their area."  See:
 # Daylight saving coming to WA in 2019. Guardian Express. 2018-04-01.
 # https://www.communitynews.com.au/guardian-express/news/exclusive-daylight-savings-coming-wa-summer-2018/
+# [The article ends with "Today's date is April 1."]
 
 # Queensland
 
@@ -1835,16 +1841,12 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # "In Marshall Islands, Friday is followed by Sunday", NY Times. 1993-08-22.
 # https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/world/in-marshall-islands-friday-is-followed-by-sunday.html
 
-# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27):
-# <https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/南洋群島の標準時> ... pointed out that
-# currently tzdata say Pacific/Kwajalein switched from GMT+11 to GMT-12 in
-# 1969 October without explanation, however an 1993 article from NYT say it
-# synchorized its day with US mainland about 40 years ago and thus the switch
-# should occur at around 1950s instead.
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18):
-# The NYT (actually, AP) article is vague and possibly wrong about this.
-# The article says the earlier switch was "40 years ago when the United States
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-03-31):
+# Phake Nick (2018-10-27) noted <https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/南洋群島の標準時>'s
+# citation of a 1993 AP article published in the New York Times saying
+# Kwajalein synchronized its day with the US mainland about 40 years earlier.
+# However the AP article is vague and possibly wrong about this.  The article
+# says the earlier switch was "about 40 years ago when the United States
 # Army established a missile test range here".  However, the Kwajalein Test
 # Center was established on 1960-10-01 and was run by the US Navy.  It was
 # transferred to the US Army on 1964-07-01.  See "Seize the High Ground"
@@ -1891,13 +1893,6 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # Like the Ladrones (see Guam commentary), assume the Spanish East Indies
 # kept American time until the Philippines switched at the end of 1844.
 
-# Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16),
-# "I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that 'Truk'
-# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10."
-#
-# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UT +10 to +11
-# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now.
-
 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
 # The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in
 # The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information (1999-01-26)
@@ -2228,7 +2223,7 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # through the third Sunday in January at 03:00, like Fiji, for now.
 
 # From David Wade (2017-10-18):
-# In August government was disolved by the King.  The current prime minister
+# In August government was dissolved by the King.  The current prime minister
 # continued in office in care taker mode.  It is easy to see that few
 # decisions will be made until elections 16th November.
 #
@@ -2236,26 +2231,6 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # For now, guess that DST is discontinued.  That's what the IATA is guessing.
 
 
-# Wake
-
-# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup,
-# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02):
-#
-# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] - ...  The time was all the
-# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the
-# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays.  Furthermore, we
-# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time
-# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost
-# impossible.
-#
-# https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/andrsonv.htm
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
-# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.
-
-# See also the commentary for Micronesia.
-
-
 ###############################################################################
 
 # The International Date Line
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/backward b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/backward
index b619a22bf8d..bb867c4ac41 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/backward
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/backward
@@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
-# $OpenBSD: backward,v 1.40 2022/07/25 21:43:58 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: backward,v 1.41 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb links for backward compatibility
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
 
 # This file provides links from old or merged timezone names to current ones.
-# Many names changed in late 1993.  Several of these names are
+# Many names changed in late 1993, and many merged names moved here
+# in the period from 2013 through 2022.  Several of these names are
 # also present in the file 'backzone', which has data important only
 # for pre-1970 timestamps and so is out of scope for tzdb proper.
 
+# Although this file is optional and tzdb will work if you omit it by
+# building with 'make BACKWARD=', in practice downstream users
+# typically use this file for backward compatibility.
+
 # Link	TARGET			LINK-NAME
 Link	Africa/Asmara	Africa/Asmera
 Link	Africa/Bamako	Africa/Timbuktu
@@ -84,6 +89,7 @@ Link	Africa/Cairo		Egypt
 Link	Europe/Dublin		Eire
 Link	Etc/UTC			Etc/UCT
 Link	Europe/London		Europe/Belfast
+Link	Europe/Kyiv		Europe/Kiev
 Link	Europe/Chisinau		Europe/Tiraspol
 Link	Europe/London		GB
 Link	Europe/London		GB-Eire
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/etcetera b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/etcetera
index 6cf88bf7850..0cd7aada679 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/etcetera
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/etcetera
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: etcetera,v 1.19 2020/12/23 13:06:27 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: etcetera,v 1.20 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb data for ships at sea and other miscellany
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -18,12 +18,16 @@
 # behind GMT but uses the completely misleading abbreviation "GMT".
 
 Zone	Etc/GMT		0	-	GMT
+
+# The following zone is used by tzcode functions like gmtime,
+# which load the "UTC" file to handle seconds properly.
 Zone	Etc/UTC		0	-	UTC
 
 # The following link uses older naming conventions,
 # but it belongs here, not in the file 'backward',
-# as functions like gmtime load the "GMT" file to handle leap seconds properly.
-# We want this to work even on installations that omit the other older names.
+# as it is needed for tzcode releases through 2022a,
+# where functions like gmtime load "GMT" instead of the "Etc/UTC".
+# We want this to work even on installations that omit 'backward'.
 Link	Etc/GMT				GMT
 
 Link	Etc/UTC				Etc/Universal
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/europe b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/europe
index 6bf23cf0878..279dd3e5a89 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/europe
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/europe
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: europe,v 1.84 2022/07/25 21:43:58 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: europe,v 1.85 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb data for Europe and environs
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -304,8 +304,7 @@
 # UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau.  As it is
 # not clear that there was any practical significance to the change
 # from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this
-# transition for now and just use the latter value, omitting its
-# fraction since our format cannot represent fractions.
+# transition for now and just use the latter value.
 
 # "Countess Markievicz ... claimed that the [1916] abolition of Dublin Mean Time
 # was among various actions undertaken by the 'English' government that
@@ -500,7 +499,7 @@ Rule	GB-Eire 1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	1:00u	0	GMT
 #
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/London	-0:01:15 -	LMT	1847 Dec  1  0:00s
+Zone	Europe/London	-0:01:15 -	LMT	1847 Dec  1
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
 			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31  2:00u
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
@@ -559,7 +558,8 @@ Rule	Eire	1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	 1:00u	-1:00	-
 Rule	Eire	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00u	-1:00	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Dublin	-0:25:00 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
+		#STDOFF	-0:25:21.1
+Zone	Europe/Dublin	-0:25:21 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
 			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21  2:00s
 			-0:25:21 1:00	IST	1916 Oct  1  2:00s
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1921 Dec  6 # independence
@@ -1056,42 +1056,9 @@ Zone	Europe/Prague	0:57:44 -	LMT	1850
 # End of rearguard section.
 			1:00	Czech	CE%sT	1979
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
-# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia.
 
-# Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland
-
-# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26):
-# the law [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01....
-# The page https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1893/83
-# confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29.
-#
-# The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973:
-# https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1972/21100
-#
-# This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes
-# in subsequent decrees with the law
-# https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1974/223
-#
-# It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980.  I have
-# not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST
-# changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to
-# 1980-09-28 at 02:00.  If this is true, this differs slightly from
-# the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00.  We don't know
-# when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only
-# confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981:
-# The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning
-# working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which
-# was suspended on that night):
-# https://web.archive.org/web/20140104053304/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=60267
-
-# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11):
-# The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between
-# Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two.
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11):
-# Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not
-# wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980.
 
+# Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Denmark	1916	only	-	May	14	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Denmark	1916	only	-	Sep	30	23:00	0	-
@@ -1105,6 +1072,7 @@ Rule	Denmark	1947	only	-	Aug	10	 2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Denmark	1948	only	-	May	 9	 2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Denmark	1948	only	-	Aug	 8	 2:00s	0	-
 #
+
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Copenhagen	 0:50:20 -	LMT	1890
 			 0:50:20 -	CMT	1894 Jan  1 # Copenhagen MT
@@ -1112,6 +1080,7 @@ Zone Europe/Copenhagen	 0:50:20 -	LMT	1890
 			 1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 Apr  2  2:00
 			 1:00	Denmark	CE%sT	1980
 			 1:00	EU	CE%sT
+
 Zone Atlantic/Faroe	-0:27:04 -	LMT	1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn
 			 0:00	-	WET	1981
 			 0:00	EU	WE%sT
@@ -1331,10 +1300,10 @@ Rule	Finland	1942	only	-	Oct	4	1:00	0	-
 Rule	Finland	1981	1982	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Finland	1981	1982	-	Sep	lastSun	3:00	0	-
 
-# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document);
-# round to nearest.
+# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document).
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+		#STDOFF	1:39:49.2
 Zone	Europe/Helsinki	1:39:49 -	LMT	1878 May 31
 			1:39:49	-	HMT	1921 May    # Helsinki Mean Time
 			2:00	Finland	EE%sT	1983
@@ -1525,20 +1494,6 @@ Zone	Europe/Berlin	0:53:28 -	LMT	1893 Apr
 			1:00	Germany	CE%sT	1980
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
-# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12):
-# Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton
-# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE
-# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did.
-# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1,
-# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin.
-#
-# Source for the time in Büsingen 1980:
-# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3
-
-# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03):
-# Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970.
-
-Link	Europe/Zurich	Europe/Busingen
 
 # Georgia
 # Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi.
@@ -1547,7 +1502,7 @@ Link	Europe/Zurich	Europe/Busingen
 
 # Gibraltar
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Gibraltar	-0:21:24 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2  0:00s
+Zone Europe/Gibraltar	-0:21:24 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
 			0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1957 Apr 14  2:00
 			1:00	-	CET	1982
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
@@ -1658,38 +1613,6 @@ Zone	Europe/Budapest	1:16:20 -	LMT	1890 Nov  1
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
 # Iceland
-#
-# From Adam David (1993-11-06):
-# The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT.
-#
-# (1993-12-05):
-# This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of
-# Iceland Almanak.
-#
-# From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour
-# behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts
-# of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavík mean solar time which
-# was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT.
-#
-# "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks
-# of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the
-# time the norsemen first settled Iceland.  The first day of winter is always
-# Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars.
-#
-# (1993-12-10):
-# I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the
-# beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus
-# to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question.
-#	the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day
-#	(old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday.
-# St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style"
-# might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it
-# might mean something else (???).
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22):
-# The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see
-# http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html
-#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Iceland	1917	1919	-	Feb	19	23:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iceland	1917	only	-	Oct	21	 1:00	0	-
@@ -1710,11 +1633,13 @@ Rule	Iceland	1947	1967	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00s	1:00	-
 Rule	Iceland	1949	only	-	Oct	30	 1:00s	0	-
 Rule	Iceland	1950	1966	-	Oct	Sun>=22	 1:00s	0	-
 Rule	Iceland	1967	only	-	Oct	29	 1:00s	0	-
+
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik	-1:28	-	LMT	1908
 			-1:00	Iceland	-01/+00	1968 Apr  7  1:00s
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
+
 # Italy
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
@@ -1829,19 +1754,19 @@ Rule	Italy	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
 Rule	Italy	1979	only	-	Sep	30	 0:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Rome	0:49:56 -	LMT	1866 Dec 12
-			0:49:56	-	RMT	1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean
+			0:49:56	-	RMT	1893 Oct 31 23:00u # Rome Mean
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1943 Sep 10
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Jun  4
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1980
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican
+Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino
+
 
 # Kosovo
 # See Europe/Belgrade.
 
 
-Link	Europe/Rome	Europe/Vatican
-Link	Europe/Rome	Europe/San_Marino
-
 # Latvia
 
 # From Liene Kanepe (1998-09-17):
@@ -1925,15 +1850,6 @@ Zone	Europe/Riga	1:36:34	-	LMT	1880
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 
 # Liechtenstein
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09):
-# Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich.
-
-# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-04):
-# I was able to access the online archive of the Vaduz paper Vaterland ...
-# I could confirm from the paper that Liechtenstein did in fact follow
-# the same DST in 1941 and 1942 as Switzerland did.
-
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Vaduz	0:38:04 -	LMT	1894 Jun
 			1:00	Swiss	CE%sT	1981
@@ -1993,8 +1909,6 @@ Zone	Europe/Vilnius	1:41:16	-	LMT	1880
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 
 # Luxembourg
-# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Lux	1916	only	-	May	14	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lux	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00	0	-
@@ -2019,6 +1933,7 @@ Rule	Lux	1926	only	-	Apr	17	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lux	1927	only	-	Apr	 9	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lux	1928	only	-	Apr	14	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lux	1929	only	-	Apr	20	23:00	1:00	S
+
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Luxembourg	0:24:36 -	LMT	1904 Jun
 			1:00	Lux	CE%sT	1918 Nov 25
@@ -2051,7 +1966,7 @@ Rule	Malta	1975	1979	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Malta	1975	1980	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
 Rule	Malta	1980	only	-	Mar	31	2:00	1:00	S
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Malta	0:58:04 -	LMT	1893 Nov  2  0:00s # Valletta
+Zone	Europe/Malta	0:58:04 -	LMT	1893 Nov  2 # Valletta
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1973 Mar 31
 			1:00	Malta	CE%sT	1981
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
@@ -2133,21 +2048,6 @@ Zone	Europe/Chisinau	1:55:20 -	LMT	1880
 			2:00	Moldova	EE%sT
 
 # Monaco
-#
-# From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12):
-# In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1892-05-24, online at
-# https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/b1c67c12c5af11b41ea888fb048e4fe8.pdf
-# we read: ...
-#  [In virtue of a Sovereign Ordinance of the May 13 of the current [year],
-#   legal time in the Principality will be set to, from the date of June 1,
-#   1892 onwards, to the meridian of Paris, as in France.]
-# In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1911-03-28, online at
-# https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/de74ffb7db53d4f599059fe8f0ed482a.pdf
-# we read an ordinance of 1911-03-16: ...
-#  [Legal time in the Principality will be set, from the date of promulgation
-#   of the present ordinance, to legal time in France....  Consequently, legal
-#   time will be retarded by 9 minutes and 21 seconds.]
-#
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Monaco	0:29:32 -	LMT	1892 Jun  1
 			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time
@@ -2159,49 +2059,6 @@ Zone	Europe/Monaco	0:29:32 -	LMT	1892 Jun  1
 Link	Europe/Belgrade	Europe/Podgorica
 
 # Netherlands
-
-# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
-# but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time.
-
-# However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01):
-# Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00
-# Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including
-# the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time
-# (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the
-# common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was
-# not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law.
-# On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and
-# was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd").
-#
-# (2001-04-08):
-# 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to
-# observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common
-# practice of following Amsterdam mean time.
-#
-# (2001-04-09):
-# In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the
-# municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe
-# Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was
-# actually followed.
-#
-# From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to
-# observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of
-# Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most
-# places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically
-# adopted Amsterdam mean time.
-#
-# Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety
-# of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it
-# was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe
-# Amsterdam mean time.
-
-# The data entries before 1945 are taken from
-# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2021-05-09):
-# I invented the abbreviations AMT for Amsterdam Mean Time and NST for
-# Netherlands Summer Time, used in the Netherlands from 1835 to 1937.
-
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Neth	1916	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	NST	# Netherlands Summer Time
 Rule	Neth	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	AMT	# Amsterdam Mean Time
@@ -2225,9 +2082,8 @@ Rule	Neth	1937	1939	-	Oct	Sun>=2	2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Neth	1938	1939	-	May	15	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Neth	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Neth	1945	only	-	Sep	16	2:00s	0	-
-#
-# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted
-# below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer.
+		#STDOFF	0:19:32.13
+
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Amsterdam	0:19:32 -	LMT	1835
 			0:19:32	Neth	%s	1937 Jul  1
@@ -2237,8 +2093,6 @@ Zone Europe/Amsterdam	0:19:32 -	LMT	1835
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
 # Norway
-# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks &
-# Pottenger.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Norway	1916	only	-	May	22	1:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Norway	1916	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	-
@@ -2247,6 +2101,7 @@ Rule	Norway	1945	only	-	Oct	 1	2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Norway	1959	1964	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Norway	1959	1965	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Norway	1965	only	-	Apr	25	2:00s	1:00	S
+
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Oslo	0:43:00 -	LMT	1895 Jan  1
 			1:00	Norway	CE%sT	1940 Aug 10 23:00
@@ -2255,6 +2110,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Oslo	0:43:00 -	LMT	1895 Jan  1
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
 # Svalbard & Jan Mayen
+Link	Europe/Oslo	Arctic/Longyearbyen
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01):
 # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and
@@ -2299,9 +2155,9 @@ Zone	Europe/Oslo	0:43:00 -	LMT	1895 Jan  1
 # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named
 # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945.
 #
-# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo
+# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin
 # for these regions.
-Link	Europe/Oslo	Arctic/Longyearbyen
+
 
 # Poland
 
@@ -2355,7 +2211,6 @@ Zone	Europe/Warsaw	1:24:00 -	LMT	1880
 # According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26)
 # https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
 # Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00.
-# Round the old offset to -0:36:45.  This agrees with Willett....
 #
 # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15):
 # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...:
@@ -2442,6 +2297,7 @@ Rule	Port	1981	1982	-	Mar	lastSun	 1:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Port	1983	only	-	Mar	lastSun	 2:00s	1:00	S
 #
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+		#STDOFF	-0:36:44.68
 Zone	Europe/Lisbon	-0:36:45 -	LMT	1884
 			-0:36:45 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1  0:00u # Lisbon MT
 			 0:00	Port	WE%sT	1966 Apr  3  2:00
@@ -2450,9 +2306,13 @@ Zone	Europe/Lisbon	-0:36:45 -	LMT	1884
 			 0:00	W-Eur	WE%sT	1992 Sep 27  1:00s
 			 1:00	EU	CE%sT	1996 Mar 31  1:00u
 			 0:00	EU	WE%sT
-# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
 Zone Atlantic/Azores	-1:42:40 -	LMT	1884        # Ponta Delgada
 			-1:54:32 -	HMT	1912 Jan  1  2:00u # Horta MT
+# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z.
+#			-2:00	Port	%z	1966 Apr  3  2:00
+#			-1:00	Port	%z	1983 Sep 25  1:00s
+#			-1:00	W-Eur	%z	1992 Sep 27  1:00s
+# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk.
 			-2:00	Port	-02/-01	1942 Apr 25 22:00s
 			-2:00	Port	+00	1942 Aug 15 22:00s
 			-2:00	Port	-02/-01	1943 Apr 17 22:00s
@@ -2464,11 +2324,14 @@ Zone Atlantic/Azores	-1:42:40 -	LMT	1884        # Ponta Delgada
 			-2:00	Port	-02/-01	1966 Apr  3  2:00
 			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1983 Sep 25  1:00s
 			-1:00	W-Eur	-01/+00	1992 Sep 27  1:00s
+# End of rearguard section.
 			 0:00	EU	WE%sT	1993 Mar 28  1:00u
 			-1:00	EU	-01/+00
-# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
 Zone Atlantic/Madeira	-1:07:36 -	LMT	1884        # Funchal
 			-1:07:36 -	FMT	1912 Jan  1  1:00u # Funchal MT
+# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z.
+#			-1:00	Port	%z	1966 Apr  3  2:00
+# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk.
 			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1942 Apr 25 22:00s
 			-1:00	Port	+01	1942 Aug 15 22:00s
 			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1943 Apr 17 22:00s
@@ -2478,6 +2341,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Madeira	-1:07:36 -	LMT	1884        # Funchal
 			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1945 Apr 21 22:00s
 			-1:00	Port	+01	1945 Aug 25 22:00s
 			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1966 Apr  3  2:00
+# End of rearguard section.
 			 0:00	Port	WE%sT	1983 Sep 25  1:00s
 			 0:00	EU	WE%sT
 
@@ -2896,20 +2760,19 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol	 2:16:24 -	LMT	1880
 			 2:00	-	EET	1992 Mar 20
 # Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched
-# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-21):
+# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reported that central Crimea switched
+# from Kyiv to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
 # Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened
 # sometime between the 1994 DST switches.  Shanks & Pottenger simply say
 # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right.  For now, guess it
-# changed in May.
+# changed in May.  This change evidently didn't last long; see below.
 			 2:00	C-Eur	EE%sT	1994 May
-# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev.
-			 3:00	E-Eur	MSK/MSD	1996 Mar 31  0:00s
+# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also said that Kerch is still like Kyiv.
+			 3:00	C-Eur	MSK/MSD	1996 Mar 31  0:00s
 			 3:00	1:00	MSD	1996 Oct 27  3:00s
-# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST.
+# IATA SSIM (1997-09) said Crimea switched to EET/EEST.
 # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks.
-			 3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1997
 			 3:00	-	MSK	1997 Mar lastSun  1:00u
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17):
 # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014
@@ -3078,11 +2941,12 @@ Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk	 3:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  0:00u
 # Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak
 # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai.
 
-# Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest.
+# Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9.
 # Byalokoz 1919 says its provincial time was based on Perm, at 3:45:05.
 # Assume it switched on 1916-07-03, the time of the new standard.
 # The 1919 and 1930 transitions are from Shanks.
 
+		#STDOFF	 4:02:32.9
 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg	 4:02:33 -	LMT	1916 Jul  3
 			 3:45:05 -	PMT	1919 Jul 15  4:00
 			 4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
@@ -3394,8 +3258,8 @@ Zone Asia/Vladivostok	 8:47:31 -	LMT	1922 Nov 15
 # 14-28	****	Tomponsky District
 # 14-30	****	Ust-Maysky District
 
-# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
-# Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time
+# From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21):
+# Tomponsky and Ust-Maysky switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time
 # in 2011.
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25):
@@ -3520,8 +3384,8 @@ Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk	10:14:52 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 # Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic:
 # 14-22	****	Oymyakonsky District
 
-# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
-# Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from
+# From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21):
+# Oymyakonsky and the Kuril Islands switched from
 # Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011.
 #
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02):
@@ -3590,7 +3454,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Belgrade	1:22:00	-	LMT	1884
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
 # Slovakia
-Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava
+Link	Europe/Prague	Europe/Bratislava
 
 # Slovenia
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -3685,7 +3549,7 @@ Rule SpainAfrica 1977	only	-	Sep	28	 0:00	0	-
 Rule SpainAfrica 1978	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule SpainAfrica 1978	only	-	Aug	 4	 0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Madrid	-0:14:44 -	LMT	1900 Dec 31 23:45:16
+Zone	Europe/Madrid	-0:14:44 -	LMT	1901 Jan  1  0:00u
 			 0:00	Spain	WE%sT	1940 Mar 16 23:00
 			 1:00	Spain	CE%sT	1979
 			 1:00	EU	CE%sT
@@ -3707,54 +3571,6 @@ Zone	Atlantic/Canary	-1:01:36 -	LMT	1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
 # Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU.
 
 # Sweden
-
-# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger:
-#
-# The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
-# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all
-# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at
-# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the
-# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm".  The law is dated 1878-05-31.
-#
-# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30"
-# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time.  Less 12 minutes gives the
-# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT....
-#
-# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk
-# författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning
-# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at
-# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English
-# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west
-# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated
-# 1899-06-16.  In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time
-# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT.
-#
-# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states
-# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is
-# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00....
-# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later".
-#
-# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish
-# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are
-# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available
-# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type
-# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click
-# the Sök-button).
-#
-# (2001-05-13):
-#
-# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00
-# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show
-# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time.  The article also reports that some
-# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already
-# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another
-# hour before the event took place.
-#
-# Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left.
-
-# An extra-special abbreviation style is SET for Swedish Time (svensk
-# normaltid) 1879-1899, 3° west of the Stockholm Observatory.
-
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
 			1:00:14	-	SET	1900 Jan  1 # Swedish Time
@@ -3855,6 +3671,19 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
 # 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and
 # legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date.
 
+# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12):
+# Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton
+# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE
+# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did.
+# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1,
+# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin.
+#
+# Source for the time in Büsingen 1980:
+# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03):
+# Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	May	Mon>=1	1:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	Oct	Mon>=1	2:00	0	-
@@ -3863,6 +3692,8 @@ Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1853 Jul 16 # See above comment.
 			0:29:46	-	BMT	1894 Jun    # Bern Mean Time
 			1:00	Swiss	CE%sT	1981
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen
+
 
 # Turkey
 
@@ -4071,7 +3902,7 @@ Link	Europe/Istanbul	Asia/Istanbul	# Istanbul is in both continents.
 
 # Ukraine
 #
-# From Alois Triendl (2014-03-01):
+# From Alois Treindl (2014-03-01):
 # REGULATION A N O V A on March 20, 1992 N 139 ...  means that from
 # 1992 on, Ukraine had DST with begin time at 02:00 am, on last Sunday
 # in March, and end time 03:00 am, last Sunday in September....
@@ -4131,7 +3962,7 @@ Link	Europe/Istanbul	Asia/Istanbul	# Istanbul is in both continents.
 # The law documents themselves are at
 # http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb_n/webproc4_1?id=&pf3511=41484
 
-# From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kiev time 1991/2 (2014-02-28):
+# From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kyiv time 1991/2 (2014-02-28):
 # First in Ukraine they changed Time zone from UTC+3 to UTC+2 with DST:
 #       03 25 1990 02:00 -03.00 1       Time Zone 3 with DST
 #       07 01 1990 02:00 -02.00 1       Time Zone 2 with DST
@@ -4159,23 +3990,23 @@ Link	Europe/Istanbul	Asia/Istanbul	# Istanbul is in both continents.
 # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139.
 # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03):
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-04-12):
 # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings.
-# For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in
-# English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a
-# transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ".  This is similar to tzdb's use of
-# Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech
-# "Praha".  ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague"
-# came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something
-# in common.)  Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is
-# controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in
-# English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that
-# means less disruption for our users.
+# In particular, tzdb's name Europe/Kyiv uses the most common spelling in
+# English for Ukraine's capital.  Although tzdb's former name was Europe/Kiev,
+# "Kyiv" is now more common due to widespread reporting of the current conflict.
+# Conversely, tzdb continues to use the names Europe/Uzhgorod and
+# Europe/Zaporozhye; this is similar to tzdb's use of Europe/Prague, which is
+# certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech "Praha".
+# English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is in flux, and
+# some day "Uzhhorod" or "Zaporizhzhia" may become substantially more
+# common in English; in the meantime, do not change these
+# English spellings as that means less disruption for our users.
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-# This represents most of Ukraine.  See above for the spelling of "Kiev".
-Zone Europe/Kiev	2:02:04 -	LMT	1880
-			2:02:04	-	KMT	1924 May  2 # Kiev Mean Time
+# This represents most of Ukraine.  See above for the spelling of "Kyiv".
+Zone Europe/Kyiv	2:02:04 -	LMT	1880
+			2:02:04	-	KMT	1924 May  2 # Kyiv Mean Time
 			2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
 			3:00	-	MSK	1941 Sep 20
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1943 Nov  6
@@ -4198,7 +4029,7 @@ Zone Europe/Uzhgorod	1:29:12 -	LMT	1890 Oct
 			2:00	C-Eur	EE%sT	1996 May 13
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 # Zaporozh'ye and eastern Lugansk oblasts observed DST 1990/1991.
-# "Zaporizhia" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but
+# "Zaporizhzhia" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but
 # "Zaporozh'ye" is more common in English.  Use the common English
 # spelling, except omit the apostrophe as it is not allowed in
 # portable Posix file names.
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/leapseconds b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/leapseconds
index 23f083dd085..518376dabb1 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/leapseconds
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/leapseconds
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: leapseconds,v 1.46 2022/03/17 14:37:27 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: leapseconds,v 1.47 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # Allowance for leap seconds added to each time zone file.
 
 # This file is in the public domain.
@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ Leap	2016	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
 # Any additional leap seconds will come after this.
 # This Expires line is commented out for now,
 # so that pre-2020a zic implementations do not reject this file.
-#Expires 2022	Dec	28	00:00:00
+#Expires 2023	Jun	28	00:00:00
 
 # POSIX timestamps for the data in this file:
 #updated 1467936000 (2016-07-08 00:00:00 UTC)
-#expires 1672185600 (2022-12-28 00:00:00 UTC)
+#expires 1687910400 (2023-06-28 00:00:00 UTC)
 
-#	Updated through IERS Bulletin C63
-#	File expires on:  28 December 2022
+#	Updated through IERS Bulletin C64
+#	File expires on:  28 June 2023
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/northamerica b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/northamerica
index 332f333f521..a412cb28c01 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/northamerica
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/northamerica
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: northamerica,v 1.79 2022/07/25 21:43:58 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: northamerica,v 1.80 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb data for North and Central America and environs
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -345,8 +345,7 @@ Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
-# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.  Round to the
-# nearest second.
+# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
 Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
@@ -355,7 +354,8 @@ Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
+		#STDOFF	-4:56:01.6
+Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 17:00u
 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920
 			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942
 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
@@ -1791,6 +1791,7 @@ Zone America/Atikokan	-6:06:28 -	LMT	1895
 			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
 			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
 			-5:00	-	EST
+#PACKRATLIST zone.tab Link America/Atikokan America/Coral_Harbour
 
 
 # Manitoba
@@ -2847,7 +2848,7 @@ Zone	America/Nassau	-5:09:30 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
 
 # Barbados
 
-# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
+# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2.
 
 # From P Chan (2020-12-09 and 2020-12-11):
 # Standard time of GMT-4 was adopted in 1911.
@@ -2891,6 +2892,7 @@ Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
 Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+		#STDOFF	-3:58:29.2
 Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:29 -	LMT	1911 Aug 28 # Bridgetown
 			-4:00	Barb	A%sT	1944
 			-4:00	Barb	AST/-0330 1945
@@ -2951,10 +2953,10 @@ Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr  1
 
 # Bermuda
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2020-11-24):
+# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-27):
 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I.  This agrees with standard offset given in the
-# Daylight Saving Act, 1917 cited below.  Round that to the nearest second.
+# Daylight Saving Act, 1917 cited below.
 # It is not known when this time became standard for Bermuda; guess 1890.
 # The transition to -04 was specified by:
 # 1930: The Time Zone Act, 1929 (1929: No. 39) [1929-11-08]
@@ -3049,6 +3051,7 @@ Rule	Bermuda	1956	only	-	May	Sun>=22	 2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Bermuda	1956	only	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00	0	S
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+		#STDOFF	-4:19:18.3
 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1890	# Hamilton
 			-4:19:18 Bermuda BMT/BST 1930 Jan 1  2:00
 			-4:00	Bermuda	A%sT	1974 Apr 28  2:00
@@ -3066,7 +3069,7 @@ Zone	America/Cayman	-5:25:32 -	LMT	1890     # Georgetown
 
 # Costa Rica
 
-# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
+# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
@@ -3078,6 +3081,7 @@ Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
 Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+		#STDOFF	-5:36:13.3
 Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890        # San José
 			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
 			-6:00	CR	C%sT
@@ -3512,7 +3516,7 @@ Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
 # Jamaica
 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
-# island".  Go with Milne.  Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
+# island".  Go with Milne.
 #
 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
@@ -3525,6 +3529,7 @@ Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
 #
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+		#STDOFF	-5:07:10.41
 Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:10 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston
 			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
 			-5:00	-	EST	1974
@@ -3716,6 +3721,7 @@ Zone America/St_Vincent	-4:04:56 -	LMT	1890 # Kingstown
 
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
+		#STDOFF	-5:07:10.41
 			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
 			-5:00	-	EST	1979
 			-5:00	US	E%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/southamerica b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/southamerica
index 4d4d136cf62..d51b417bb18 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/southamerica
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/southamerica
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: southamerica,v 1.74 2022/07/25 21:43:58 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: southamerica,v 1.75 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb data for South America and environs
 
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -401,6 +401,7 @@ Rule	Arg	2008	only	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	-
 #
 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -418,6 +419,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
 #   then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
 #
+		#STDOFF	       -4:16:48.25
 Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
@@ -430,6 +432,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquén (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
 Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -442,6 +445,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # Tucumán (TM)
 Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -455,6 +459,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # La Rioja (LR)
 Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -469,6 +474,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # San Juan (SJ)
 Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -483,6 +489,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # Jujuy (JY)
 Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -498,6 +505,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
 Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -512,6 +520,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # Mendoza (MZ)
 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -534,6 +543,7 @@ Rule	SanLuis	2008	2009	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
 Rule	SanLuis	2007	2008	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	-
 
 Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -552,6 +562,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # Santa Cruz (SC)
 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -564,6 +575,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 #
 # Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (TF)
 Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+		#STDOFF	-4:16:48.25
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
 			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
@@ -649,7 +661,7 @@ Zone	America/La_Paz	-4:32:36 -	LMT	1890
 
 # From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
 # It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
-# modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
+# modern Brazilian ... voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
 # with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-20):
@@ -1145,7 +1157,7 @@ Zone America/Rio_Branco	-4:31:12 -	LMT	1914
 # this is known to work for DST transitions starting in 2008 and
 # may well be true for earlier transitions.
 
-# From Tim Parenti (2022-03-15):
+# From Tim Parenti (2022-07-06):
 # For a brief period of roughly six weeks in 1946, DST was only observed on an
 # emergency basis in specific regions of central Chile; namely, "the national
 # territory between the provinces of Coquimbo and Concepción, inclusive".
@@ -1163,7 +1175,14 @@ Zone America/Rio_Branco	-4:31:12 -	LMT	1914
 # Law Number 8,522, promulgated 1946-08-27, reunified Chilean clocks at their
 # new "Summer Time" of -04, reckoned as that of "the meridian of the
 # Astronomical Observatory of Lo Espejo, advanced by 42 minutes and 45
-# seconds".
+# seconds".  Although this law specified the new Summer Time to start on 1
+# September each year, a special "transitional article" started it a few days
+# early, as soon as the law took effect.  As the law was to take force "from
+# the date of its publication in the 'Diario Oficial', which happened the
+# following day, presume the change took place in Santiago and its environs
+# from 24:00 -03 to 23:00 -04 on Wednesday 1946-08-28.  Although this was a
+# no-op for wall clocks in the north and south of the country, put their formal
+# start to DST an hour later when they reached 24:00 -04.
 # https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19460828/#page/1
 # After a brief "Winter Time" stint at -05 beginning 1947-04-01, Law Number
 # 8,777, promulgated 1947-05-17, established year-round -04 "from 23:00 on the
@@ -1283,11 +1302,19 @@ Zone America/Rio_Branco	-4:31:12 -	LMT	1914
 # So we extend the new rules on Saturdays at 24:00 mainland time indefinitely.
 # From Juan Correa (2019-02-04):
 # http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2018/11/23/42212/01/1498738.pdf
-# From Paul Eggert (2019-09-01):
-# The above says the Magallanes exception expires 2022-04-02 at 24:00,
-# so in theory, they will revert to -04/-03 after that.
-# For now, assume that they will not revert,
-# since they have extended the expiration date once already.
+
+# From Juan Correa (2022-04-02):
+# I found there was a decree published last Thursday that will keep
+# Magallanes region to UTC -3 "indefinitely". The decree is available at
+# https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2022/03/31/43217-B/01/2108910.pdf
+
+# From Juan Correa (2022-08-09):
+# the Internal Affairs Ministry (Ministerio del Interior) informed DST
+# for America/Santiago will start on midnight of September 11th;
+# and will end on April 1st, 2023. Magallanes region (America/Punta_Arenas)
+# will keep UTC -3 "indefinitely"...  This is because on September 4th
+# we will have a voting whether to approve a new Constitution....
+# https://www.interior.gob.cl/noticias/2022/08/09/comunicado-el-proximo-sabado-10-de-septiembre-los-relojes-se-deben-adelantar-una-hora/
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Chile	1927	1931	-	Sep	 1	0:00	1:00	-
@@ -1325,7 +1352,9 @@ Rule	Chile	2012	2014	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	2016	2018	-	May	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	2016	2018	-	Aug	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	2019	max	-	Apr	Sun>=2	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	2019	max	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	-
+Rule	Chile	2019	2021	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	-
+Rule	Chile	2022	only	-	Sep	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	-
+Rule	Chile	2023	max	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	-
 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -1338,9 +1367,9 @@ Zone America/Santiago	-4:42:45 -	LMT	1890
 			-5:00	Chile	-05/-04	1932 Sep  1
 			-4:00	-	-04	1942 Jun  1
 			-5:00	-	-05	1942 Aug  1
-			-4:00	-	-04	1946 Jul 15
-			-4:00	1:00	-03	1946 Sep  1 # central Chile
-			-4:00	-	-04	1947 Apr  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1946 Jul 14 24:00
+			-4:00	1:00	-03	1946 Aug 28 24:00 # central CL
+			-5:00	1:00	-04	1947 Mar 31 24:00
 			-5:00	-	-05	1947 May 21 23:00
 			-4:00	Chile	-04/-03
 Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 -	LMT	1890
@@ -1352,7 +1381,8 @@ Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 -	LMT	1890
 			-5:00	Chile	-05/-04	1932 Sep  1
 			-4:00	-	-04	1942 Jun  1
 			-5:00	-	-05	1942 Aug  1
-			-4:00	-	-04	1947 Apr  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1946 Aug 28 24:00
+			-5:00	1:00	-04	1947 Mar 31 24:00
 			-5:00	-	-05	1947 May 21 23:00
 			-4:00	Chile	-04/-03	2016 Dec  4
 			-3:00	-	-03
@@ -1386,13 +1416,14 @@ Zone Antarctica/Palmer	0	-	-00	1965
 
 # Colombia
 
-# Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899; round to nearest.  He writes,
+# Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899.  He writes,
 # "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	CO	1992	only	-	May	 3	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	CO	1993	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+		#STDOFF	-4:56:16.4
 Zone	America/Bogota	-4:56:16 -	LMT	1884 Mar 13
 			-4:56:16 -	BMT	1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
 			-5:00	CO	-05/-04
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/zone.tab b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/zone.tab
index c97161e2c38..13c350bdf5a 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/zone.tab
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/zone.tab
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $OpenBSD: zone.tab,v 1.70 2021/10/22 14:40:49 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: zone.tab,v 1.71 2022/08/12 16:50:57 millert Exp $
 # tzdb timezone descriptions (deprecated version)
 #
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ CA	+690650-1050310	America/Cambridge_Bay	Mountain - NU (west)
 CA	+6227-11421	America/Yellowknife	Mountain - NT (central)
 CA	+682059-1334300	America/Inuvik	Mountain - NT (west)
 CA	+4906-11631	America/Creston	MST - BC (Creston)
-CA	+5946-12014	America/Dawson_Creek	MST - BC (Dawson Cr, Ft St John)
+CA	+5546-12014	America/Dawson_Creek	MST - BC (Dawson Cr, Ft St John)
 CA	+5848-12242	America/Fort_Nelson	MST - BC (Ft Nelson)
 CA	+6043-13503	America/Whitehorse	MST - Yukon (east)
 CA	+6404-13925	America/Dawson	MST - Yukon (west)
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ TT	+1039-06131	America/Port_of_Spain
 TV	-0831+17913	Pacific/Funafuti
 TW	+2503+12130	Asia/Taipei
 TZ	-0648+03917	Africa/Dar_es_Salaam
-UA	+5026+03031	Europe/Kiev	Ukraine (most areas)
+UA	+5026+03031	Europe/Kyiv	Ukraine (most areas)
 UA	+4837+02218	Europe/Uzhgorod	Transcarpathia
 UA	+4750+03510	Europe/Zaporozhye	Zaporozhye and east Lugansk
 UG	+0019+03225	Africa/Kampala
diff --git a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/zone1970.tab b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/zone1970.tab
index c614be81f40..3e1948cbb74 100644
--- a/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/zone1970.tab
+++ b/share/zoneinfo/datfiles/zone1970.tab
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 #country-
 #codes	coordinates	TZ	comments
 AD	+4230+00131	Europe/Andorra
-AE,OM	+2518+05518	Asia/Dubai
+AE,OM,RE,SC,TF	+2518+05518	Asia/Dubai	UAE, Oman, Réunion, Seychelles, Crozet, Scattered Is
 AF	+3431+06912	Asia/Kabul
 AL	+4120+01950	Europe/Tirane
 AM	+4011+04430	Asia/Yerevan
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ AQ	-6736+06253	Antarctica/Mawson	Mawson
 AQ	-6448-06406	Antarctica/Palmer	Palmer
 AQ	-6734-06808	Antarctica/Rothera	Rothera
 AQ	-720041+0023206	Antarctica/Troll	Troll
-AQ	-7824+10654	Antarctica/Vostok	Vostok
 AR	-3436-05827	America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires	Buenos Aires (BA, CF)
 AR	-3124-06411	America/Argentina/Cordoba	Argentina (most areas: CB, CC, CN, ER, FM, MN, SE, SF)
 AR	-2447-06525	America/Argentina/Salta	Salta (SA, LP, NQ, RN)
@@ -74,10 +73,9 @@ AU	-3143+12852	Australia/Eucla	Western Australia (Eucla)
 AZ	+4023+04951	Asia/Baku
 BB	+1306-05937	America/Barbados
 BD	+2343+09025	Asia/Dhaka
-BE	+5050+00420	Europe/Brussels
+BE,LU,NL	+5050+00420	Europe/Brussels
 BG	+4241+02319	Europe/Sofia
 BM	+3217-06446	Atlantic/Bermuda
-BN	+0456+11455	Asia/Brunei
 BO	-1630-06809	America/La_Paz
 BR	-0351-03225	America/Noronha	Atlantic islands
 BR	-0127-04829	America/Belem	Pará (east); Amapá
@@ -118,30 +116,27 @@ CA	+5333-11328	America/Edmonton	Mountain - AB; BC (E); SK (W)
 CA	+690650-1050310	America/Cambridge_Bay	Mountain - NU (west)
 CA	+6227-11421	America/Yellowknife	Mountain - NT (central)
 CA	+682059-1334300	America/Inuvik	Mountain - NT (west)
-CA	+5946-12014	America/Dawson_Creek	MST - BC (Dawson Cr, Ft St John)
+CA	+5546-12014	America/Dawson_Creek	MST - BC (Dawson Cr, Ft St John)
 CA	+5848-12242	America/Fort_Nelson	MST - BC (Ft Nelson)
 CA	+6043-13503	America/Whitehorse	MST - Yukon (east)
 CA	+6404-13925	America/Dawson	MST - Yukon (west)
 CA	+4916-12307	America/Vancouver	Pacific - BC (most areas)
-CC	-1210+09655	Indian/Cocos
 CH,DE,LI	+4723+00832	Europe/Zurich	Swiss time
-CI,BF,GH,GM,GN,ML,MR,SH,SL,SN,TG	+0519-00402	Africa/Abidjan
+CI,BF,GH,GM,GN,IS,ML,MR,SH,SL,SN,TG	+0519-00402	Africa/Abidjan
 CK	-2114-15946	Pacific/Rarotonga
 CL	-3327-07040	America/Santiago	Chile (most areas)
 CL	-5309-07055	America/Punta_Arenas	Region of Magallanes
 CL	-2709-10926	Pacific/Easter	Easter Island
 CN	+3114+12128	Asia/Shanghai	Beijing Time
-CN	+4348+08735	Asia/Urumqi	Xinjiang Time
+CN,AQ	+4348+08735	Asia/Urumqi	Xinjiang Time, Vostok
 CO	+0436-07405	America/Bogota
 CR	+0956-08405	America/Costa_Rica
 CU	+2308-08222	America/Havana
 CV	+1455-02331	Atlantic/Cape_Verde
-CX	-1025+10543	Indian/Christmas
 CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia	Cyprus (most areas)
 CY	+3507+03357	Asia/Famagusta	Northern Cyprus
 CZ,SK	+5005+01426	Europe/Prague
-DE	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	Germany (most areas)
-DK	+5540+01235	Europe/Copenhagen
+DE,DK,NO,SE,SJ	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	Germany (most areas), Scandinavia
 DO	+1828-06954	America/Santo_Domingo
 DZ	+3647+00303	Africa/Algiers
 EC	-0210-07950	America/Guayaquil	Ecuador (mainland)
@@ -155,11 +150,9 @@ ES	+2806-01524	Atlantic/Canary	Canary Islands
 FI,AX	+6010+02458	Europe/Helsinki
 FJ	-1808+17825	Pacific/Fiji
 FK	-5142-05751	Atlantic/Stanley
-FM	+0725+15147	Pacific/Chuuk	Chuuk/Truk, Yap
-FM	+0658+15813	Pacific/Pohnpei	Pohnpei/Ponape
 FM	+0519+16259	Pacific/Kosrae	Kosrae
 FO	+6201-00646	Atlantic/Faroe
-FR	+4852+00220	Europe/Paris
+FR,MC	+4852+00220	Europe/Paris
 GB,GG,IM,JE	+513030-0000731	Europe/London
 GE	+4143+04449	Asia/Tbilisi
 GF	+0456-05220	America/Cayenne
@@ -188,14 +181,13 @@ IN	+2232+08822	Asia/Kolkata
 IO	-0720+07225	Indian/Chagos
 IQ	+3321+04425	Asia/Baghdad
 IR	+3540+05126	Asia/Tehran
-IS	+6409-02151	Atlantic/Reykjavik
 IT,SM,VA	+4154+01229	Europe/Rome
 JM	+175805-0764736	America/Jamaica
 JO	+3157+03556	Asia/Amman
 JP	+353916+1394441	Asia/Tokyo
 KE,DJ,ER,ET,KM,MG,SO,TZ,UG,YT	-0117+03649	Africa/Nairobi
 KG	+4254+07436	Asia/Bishkek
-KI	+0125+17300	Pacific/Tarawa	Gilbert Islands
+KI,MH,TV,UM,WF	+0125+17300	Pacific/Tarawa	Gilberts, Marshalls, Tuvalu, Wallis & Futuna, Wake
 KI	-0247-17143	Pacific/Kanton	Phoenix Islands
 KI	+0152-15720	Pacific/Kiritimati	Line Islands
 KP	+3901+12545	Asia/Pyongyang
@@ -211,15 +203,12 @@ LB	+3353+03530	Asia/Beirut
 LK	+0656+07951	Asia/Colombo
 LR	+0618-01047	Africa/Monrovia
 LT	+5441+02519	Europe/Vilnius
-LU	+4936+00609	Europe/Luxembourg
 LV	+5657+02406	Europe/Riga
 LY	+3254+01311	Africa/Tripoli
 MA	+3339-00735	Africa/Casablanca
-MC	+4342+00723	Europe/Monaco
 MD	+4700+02850	Europe/Chisinau
-MH	+0709+17112	Pacific/Majuro	Marshall Islands (most areas)
 MH	+0905+16720	Pacific/Kwajalein	Kwajalein
-MM	+1647+09610	Asia/Yangon
+MM,CC	+1647+09610	Asia/Yangon
 MN	+4755+10653	Asia/Ulaanbaatar	Mongolia (most areas)
 MN	+4801+09139	Asia/Hovd	Bayan-Ölgii, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan
 MN	+4804+11430	Asia/Choibalsan	Dornod, Sükhbaatar
@@ -227,7 +216,7 @@ MO	+221150+1133230	Asia/Macau
 MQ	+1436-06105	America/Martinique
 MT	+3554+01431	Europe/Malta
 MU	-2010+05730	Indian/Mauritius
-MV	+0410+07330	Indian/Maldives
+MV,TF	+0410+07330	Indian/Maldives	Maldives, Kerguelen, St Paul I, Amsterdam I
 MX	+1924-09909	America/Mexico_City	Central Time
 MX	+2105-08646	America/Cancun	Eastern Standard Time - Quintana Roo
 MX	+2058-08937	America/Merida	Central Time - Campeche, Yucatán
@@ -239,16 +228,13 @@ MX	+2934-10425	America/Ojinaga	Mountain Time US - Chihuahua (US border)
 MX	+2904-11058	America/Hermosillo	Mountain Standard Time - Sonora
 MX	+3232-11701	America/Tijuana	Pacific Time US - Baja California
 MX	+2048-10515	America/Bahia_Banderas	Central Time - Bahía de Banderas
-MY	+0310+10142	Asia/Kuala_Lumpur	Malaysia (peninsula)
-MY	+0133+11020	Asia/Kuching	Sabah, Sarawak
+MY,BN	+0133+11020	Asia/Kuching	Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei
 MZ,BI,BW,CD,MW,RW,ZM,ZW	-2558+03235	Africa/Maputo	Central Africa Time
 NA	-2234+01706	Africa/Windhoek
 NC	-2216+16627	Pacific/Noumea
 NF	-2903+16758	Pacific/Norfolk
 NG,AO,BJ,CD,CF,CG,CM,GA,GQ,NE	+0627+00324	Africa/Lagos	West Africa Time
 NI	+1209-08617	America/Managua
-NL	+5222+00454	Europe/Amsterdam
-NO,SJ	+5955+01045	Europe/Oslo
 NP	+2743+08519	Asia/Kathmandu
 NR	-0031+16655	Pacific/Nauru
 NU	-1901-16955	Pacific/Niue
@@ -259,7 +245,7 @@ PE	-1203-07703	America/Lima
 PF	-1732-14934	Pacific/Tahiti	Society Islands
 PF	-0900-13930	Pacific/Marquesas	Marquesas Islands
 PF	-2308-13457	Pacific/Gambier	Gambier Islands
-PG,AQ	-0930+14710	Pacific/Port_Moresby	Papua New Guinea (most areas), Dumont d'Urville
+PG,AQ,FM	-0930+14710	Pacific/Port_Moresby	Papua New Guinea (most areas), Chuuk, Yap, Dumont d'Urville
 PG	-0613+15534	Pacific/Bougainville	Bougainville
 PH	+1435+12100	Asia/Manila
 PK	+2452+06703	Asia/Karachi
@@ -275,7 +261,6 @@ PT	+3744-02540	Atlantic/Azores	Azores
 PW	+0720+13429	Pacific/Palau
 PY	-2516-05740	America/Asuncion
 QA,BH	+2517+05132	Asia/Qatar
-RE,TF	-2052+05528	Indian/Reunion	Réunion, Crozet, Scattered Islands
 RO	+4426+02606	Europe/Bucharest
 RS,BA,HR,ME,MK,SI	+4450+02030	Europe/Belgrade
 RU	+5443+02030	Europe/Kaliningrad	MSK-01 - Kaliningrad
@@ -307,10 +292,8 @@ RU	+6728+15343	Asia/Srednekolymsk	MSK+08 - Sakha (E); North Kuril Is
 RU	+5301+15839	Asia/Kamchatka	MSK+09 - Kamchatka
 RU	+6445+17729	Asia/Anadyr	MSK+09 - Bering Sea
 SA,AQ,KW,YE	+2438+04643	Asia/Riyadh	Arabia, Syowa
-SB	-0932+16012	Pacific/Guadalcanal
-SC	-0440+05528	Indian/Mahe
+SB,FM	-0932+16012	Pacific/Guadalcanal	Solomons, Pohnpei
 SD	+1536+03232	Africa/Khartoum
-SE	+5920+01803	Europe/Stockholm
 SG,MY	+0117+10351	Asia/Singapore	Singapore, peninsular Malaysia
 SR	+0550-05510	America/Paramaribo
 SS	+0451+03137	Africa/Juba
@@ -319,8 +302,7 @@ SV	+1342-08912	America/El_Salvador
 SY	+3330+03618	Asia/Damascus
 TC	+2128-07108	America/Grand_Turk
 TD	+1207+01503	Africa/Ndjamena
-TF	-492110+0701303	Indian/Kerguelen	Kerguelen, St Paul Island, Amsterdam Island
-TH,KH,LA,VN	+1345+10031	Asia/Bangkok	Indochina (most areas)
+TH,CX,KH,LA,VN	+1345+10031	Asia/Bangkok	Indochina (most areas)
 TJ	+3835+06848	Asia/Dushanbe
 TK	-0922-17114	Pacific/Fakaofo
 TL	-0833+12535	Asia/Dili
@@ -328,12 +310,10 @@ TM	+3757+05823	Asia/Ashgabat
 TN	+3648+01011	Africa/Tunis
 TO	-210800-1751200	Pacific/Tongatapu
 TR	+4101+02858	Europe/Istanbul
-TV	-0831+17913	Pacific/Funafuti
 TW	+2503+12130	Asia/Taipei
-UA	+5026+03031	Europe/Kiev	Ukraine (most areas)
+UA	+5026+03031	Europe/Kyiv	Ukraine (most areas)
 UA	+4837+02218	Europe/Uzhgorod	Transcarpathia
 UA	+4750+03510	Europe/Zaporozhye	Zaporozhye and east Lugansk
-UM	+1917+16637	Pacific/Wake	Wake Island
 US	+404251-0740023	America/New_York	Eastern (most areas)
 US	+421953-0830245	America/Detroit	Eastern - MI (most areas)
 US	+381515-0854534	America/Kentucky/Louisville	Eastern - KY (Louisville area)
@@ -369,6 +349,5 @@ UZ	+4120+06918	Asia/Tashkent	Uzbekistan (east)
 VE	+1030-06656	America/Caracas
 VN	+1045+10640	Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	Vietnam (south)
 VU	-1740+16825	Pacific/Efate
-WF	-1318-17610	Pacific/Wallis
 WS	-1350-17144	Pacific/Apia
 ZA,LS,SZ	-2615+02800	Africa/Johannesburg