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(IF you already have OpenBSD/pc532 installed and you only want to update
your system, see the next section.)
To install OpenBSD/pc532, there are several things you need to know.
First, OpenBSD "autoconfigs" the scsi devices. inst-20.fs has only
support for disks configured into the kernel. Starting the search at
SCSI address 0, lun 0 and increasing, the first disk found will be sd0
regardless of the address, the second will be sd1. KLONDIKE for example
has the following devices installed:
sd0 -> ID 0 LUN 0: Quantum LP52S hard disk drive
sd1 -> ID 1 LUN 0: Micropolis 4110 hard disk drive
sd2 -> ID 2 LUN 0: Teac FC-1, 3.5" floppy disk drive
sd3 -> ID 2 LUN 1: Teac FC-1, 5.25" floppy disk drive
cd0 -> ID 3 LUN 0: Toshiba XM-4101TA CD-ROM drive
st0 -> ID 4 LUN 0: Tandberg TDC3600 QIC tape drive
Only sd0-sd3 are supported by the inst-20.fs kernel.
Next you need to know what the install script wants to do. This install
is script on the ram disk root that can do most of the work of configuring
your disk.
a) The script assumes your are using the first n sectors of your
disk, where you can specify n. It will allow you to create
up to 5 file system partitions, one swap partition and one
boot partition.
b) You should know how many total sectors are on your disk. The
configure will report a head, track, and cylinder count, but
I have found that on my disks, it reports something that makes
a smaller disk than I really had.
c) It is possible to have the install script make a partition
over your save area AND not make a new file system, thus
preserving what is there. Then, later you can make a new
file system after you no longer need the stuff there. You
will need to do only one boot to get things working from
the disk.
The Install Procedure:
a) Adjust your console device settings.
The inst-20.fs kernel will come up with 9600 baud, 7 bits,
even parity and one stop bit. Adjust your terminal to match
these settings. The monitor's baud rate can be changed with
"baud d'9600".
b) Get inst-20.fs and boot the kernel.
From Floppy: (and using the autoboot monitor)
If you have a 1.44 meg SCSI floppy drive, you can put inst-20.fs
onto a 3.5" floppy disk. Insert the disk into your floppy
drive and use the monitor's boot command to boot the default
image from the floppy. The image booted will ask you for a
kernel to load. Answer
sdXa:/bsd
Replace X with your drive number. For KLONDIKE X would be "2".
Tape:
You will need to load a copy of inst-20.fs into RAM.
- load the inst-20.fs at 0x288000
- run at 0x3E8820
The boot program will ask you now for a kernel to load. Answer
rd0a:/bsd
Serial line:
Provided with the distribution is source for program called
download. (download.c) This program when used as
"download file" will read the contents of the file and
output to standard output a byte sequence used by the pc532
ROM monitor to download a binary file into RAM. Using this
program on a computer connected to the pc532, one can
load a copy of inst-20.fs into RAM at 0x288000. The boot
sequence is now the same as with tape.
c) Choose a disk geometry. For me, the reported geometry left
some sectors "unallocated". That is, the autoconfig message
said the disk had 2428 cylinders, 9 heads, and 93 sectors/track.
This gives a total of 2032236 sectors, but I knew that I had
2053880 sectors.
To help in this process, there is a program "factor" that is
on the inst-20.fs. The usage is "factor number" and it lists
the prime factors of number.
For example, with the 2053880 sector disk I got:
---->~/sd1
steelhead[3]$ factor 2053880
2053880: 2 2 2 5 51347
Not many to choose from, so I tried ...
---->~/sd1
steelhead[4]$ factor 2053820
2053820: 2 2 5 103 997
Now I'd like to get about a meg per track:
steelhead[5]$ echo "2 * 997"|bc
1994
Now I need the number of tracks (or cylinders):
steelhead[5]$ echo "2 * 5 * 103"|bc
1030
So I ended up choosing 1030 cylinders, 1 head, 1994 sectors/track.
I "lost" only 60 sectors, but got a "resonable geometry".
d) run "install" -- it will ask you for the disk geometry and other
questions. It will ask you for the geometry and then ask you
how many of those sectors you want to use for OpenBSD. It also
wants to know the size of your boot partition (to be used with
the auto-boot monitor), your root partition, your swap partition,
and then any other partitions you may want. For the "other"
partitions, it will ask for a mount point. The mount point will
be "relative to /" and should not include the leading "/". Also,
IF you do not want the partition to have newfs run on it (that is
it might be the last one and have a copy of inst-20.fs) enter "NO"
to the mount point and it will not run newfs on the partition.
It will enter the partition into the disklabel.
e) look around, if you want ... and then halt OpenBSD.
f) reboot the machine. Using the autoboot monitor, all you should have
to do is give the ROM monitor command "boot". The secondary
UFS boot program eventually times out and auto-loads /bsd.
You can get it to do it faster by hitting "return".
If you are NOT using the autoboot monitor, it's time to warm
up your eprom burner :-)
g) Now it is time to load all the other files of the distribution:
You can do this via --
a) a TCP/IP link (slip, ppp or plip)
you have ifconfig, slattach, route, netstat,
hostname and ftp on the mini-root. You can even
use nfs...
Plip is only an option if you have installed a
centronics port in your pc532.
You do have access to vi to edit your network
files. (/etc/resolv.conf, ...)
b) floppy disk
c) tape
d) cdrom (If you have a CD with OpenBSD/532 ...)
e) Use the ROM compatable "download" program. The program
download is included in the initial installation and
can be used as the receive end of the download by
using it as "download -r file_to_write". If the CRC is
correct, the file is retained. If the CRC is not
correct, the file is deleted.
f) some other method? (Let me know about it.)
h) Load the tar.gz files. Choose a place to put them. I would make
a directory /gz.files and put them there. If you are "short
on space," you might want to load them and extract them one
at a time. A minimum installation is "base" and "etc". It
takes about 32 Megs installed + 15 Megs for the base.tar.gz.
i) Extract the tar files in /. For example, if your *.tar.gz were
in a directory /gz.files, to extract base.tar.gz you would:
- cd /
- tar -xpzf /gz.files/base.tar.gz
Add v to the flags if you want a verbose extract.
j) Extract at least "base" and "etc" for a new installation. For
"update" extracts, don't extract "etc" directly unless you
have saved your current /etc tree. For "full" installations,
extract all files.
k) Edit the information in /etc
- hosts - host name and address information
- myname - your host name
- mygate - hostname of gateway (assuming you have one)
- resolv.conf - which nameserver to use
- hostname.{sl0,ppp0,plip0} - interface hostname
- netstart - configures the network and says if sendmail should
be started
- ttys - make sure the console entry has the correct speed
- gettytab - I find "ap" instead of "ep" in the default entry
works better for me.
- fstab - make sure it includes all partitions you want mounted
- localtime - this is usually a link into /usr/share/zoneinfo
Now you can adjust the kernel's default baud rate to match your
monitor's default baud rate. Do the following:
gdb -w /bsd
set scndefaultrate = YOUR_BAUD_RATE
quit
where YOUR_BAUD_RATE is the actual value, 19200, 38400 or
something slower than 9600.
If you set scndefaultrate to something bogus, you'll probably
not be able to reboot... So be carefull!
l) Reboot the machine and it should come up in multi-user mode *IF*
you got it configured correctly.
m) Enjoy! And help fix bugs and improve OpenBSD/pc532!
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