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dnl $OpenBSD: install,v 1.53 2020/07/05 22:27:48 tj Exp $
OpenBSDInstallPrelude
There are several ways to install OpenBSD onto a disk. The easiest way
in terms of preliminary setup is to use an OpenBSD installation CD-ROM
or an installation floppy (if your machine can boot from floppy).
If your machine is hooked up to a network, try and find a server to
arrange for a diskless setup. This is a convenient way to install on a
machine whose disk does not currently hold a usable operating system.
This is difficult to get set up correctly the first time, but easy to
use afterwards. (See ``Installing using a diskless setup'' below.)
Booting from the Installation Media:
Prior to attempting an installation, you should make sure that everything
of value on the target system has been backed up. While installing OpenBSD
does not necessarily wipe out all the partitions on the hard disk, errors
during the install process can have unforeseen consequences and you will
probably render the system unbootable if you start, but do not complete
the installation. Having the installation media for the prior installation,
be it a Solaris or OpenBSD CD-ROM or OpenBSD install diskettes, is good
insurance if you want to be able to "go back" for some reason.
After taking care of all that, bring your system down gracefully using
the shutdown(8) and/or halt(8) commands. This will get you to the monitor
prompt.
Booting from Floppy Disk installation media:
ok boot floppy bsd
This will cause the kernel contained in the floppy to be booted.
Not all systems are able to boot from floppy; also, Ultra 1, 1E, and 2
systems might need a firmware update to be able to boot from floppy;
refer to the ``Updating your firmware'' section earlier in
this document for details.
Booting From CD-ROM installation media:
dnl No args! not a typo
ok boot cdrom
If the boot is successful, you will get a loader version message,
executable sizes, and then the kernel copyright and device probe
messages. Boot failure modes are typically a lot of CD-ROM drive
activity, but no messages or complaints about magic numbers,
checksums or formats.
Booting from disk:
Boot the miniroot by typing the appropriate command at the PROM:
ok boot disk:b bsd
If you've loaded the miniroot onto some other disk than the default
drive 0, modify the boot specifier accordingly, keeping in mind the
partition naming a=0, b=1...
ok boot disk1:b bsd # example - scsi target 1 or
# second ide drive
Installing using a diskless setup:
First, you must set up a diskless client configuration on a server. If
you are using an OpenBSD system as the boot-server, have a look at the
diskless(8) manual page for guidelines on how to proceed with this.
If the server runs another operating system, you'll have to consult
documentation that came with it (on SunOS systems, add_client(8) and
the Sun System/Networks administrators guide constitute a good start;
on Solaris systems, share(1M) is a good starting point as well).
Boot your workstation from the server by entering the appropriate `boot'
command at the monitor prompt:
ok boot net bsd.rd
Installing using the Floppy, CD-ROM, miniroot or netboot procedure:
OpenBSDInstallPart2
Boot your machine from the installation media as described above.
It will take a while to load the kernel especially from a floppy
or slow network connection, most likely more than a minute. If
some action doesn't eventually happen, or the spinning cursor has
stopped and nothing further has happened, either your boot media
is bad, your diskless setup isn't correct, or you may have
a hardware or configuration problem.
OpenBSDInstallPart3
OpenBSDInstallPart4
OpenBSDInstallPart5
OpenBSDInstallPart6({:-CD-ROM, -:})
OpenBSDURLInstall
OpenBSDCDROMInstall
OpenBSDDISKInstall({:-"wdN" or -:},{:-only -:})
OpenBSDCommonInstall
OpenBSDInstallWrapup
After completing an installation:
Now try a reboot. (If needed, swap your SCSI IDs first).
The UltraSPARC OpenFirmware will normally load the kernel from the device
and filename as instructed by the ``boot-device'' and ``boot-file''
variables. If the ``boot-file'' variable is empty, the OpenBSD bootloader
will look for a kernel named ``bsd'', unless a different filename has been
specified in the boot command. To reset this variable to its default,
empty, value, type the following:
ok set-default boot-file
OpenBSDCongratulations
Net Boot or Diskless Setup Information:
The setup is similar to the diskless setup, but not identical, because
the Sun setup assumes that the bootblocks load a kernel image, which then
uses NFS to access the exported root partition, while the OpenBSD bootblocks
use internal NFS routines to load the kernel image directly from the
exported root partition.
Please understand that no one gets this right the first try, since
there is a lot of setup and all the host daemons must be running and
configured correctly. If you have problems, extract the diskless(8)
manpage, find someone who's been through it before and use the host
syslog and tcpdump(8) to get visibility of what's happening (or not).
Your UltraSPARC expects to be able to download a second stage bootstrap
program via TFTP after having acquired its IP address through RevARP when
instructed to boot "over the net". It will look for a filename composed of
the machine's IP address. For example, a machine which has been assigned IP
address 130.115.144.11 will make a TFTP request for `8273900B'.
Normally, this file is a symbolic link to an appropriate second-stage
boot program, which should be located in a place where the TFTP daemon
can find it (remember, many TFTP daemons run in a chroot'ed environment).
You can find the boot program in `/usr/mdec/boot' in the OpenBSD/MACHINE
distribution.
After the boot program has been loaded into memory and given control by
the PROM, it starts locating the machine's remote root directory through
the BOOTPARAM protocol. First a BOOTPARAM WHOAMI request is broadcast
on the local net. The answer to this request (if it comes in) contains
the client's name. This name is used in the next step, a BOOTPARAM GETFILE
request -- sent to the server that responded to the WHOAMI request --
requesting the name and address of the machine that will serve the client's
root directory, as well as the path of the client's root on that server.
Finally, this information (if it comes in) is used to issue a REMOTE MOUNT
request to the client's root filesystem server, asking for an NFS file
handle corresponding to the root filesystem. If successful, the boot
program starts reading from the remote root filesystem in search of the
kernel which is then read into memory.
You will want export the miniroot{:--:}OSrev.img filesystem to the client. You
can dd this filesystem image to some spare partition, mount and export
that partition, or use tar to copy the contents to a more convenient spot.
Alternatively you can build a bootable partition from the distribution sets
as follows:
Unpack `base{:--:}OSrev.tgz' on the server in the root directory for your
target machine. If you elect to use a separately NFS-mounted filesystem for
`/usr' with your diskless setup, make sure the "./usr" base files in
base{:--:}OSrev.tgz end up in the correct location. One way to do this is
to temporarily use a loopback mount on the server, re-routing <root>/usr to
your server's exported OpenBSD "/usr" directory. Also put the kernel and
the install/upgrade scripts into the root directory.
A few configuration files need to be edited:
<root>/etc/hosts
Add the IP addresses of both server and client.
<root>/etc/myname
This files contains the client's hostname; use the same
name as in <root>/etc/hosts.
<root>/etc/fstab
Enter the entries for the remotely mounted filesystems.
For example:
server:/export/root/client / nfs rw 0 0
server:/export/exec/MACHINE.OpenBSD /usr nfs rw 0 0
OpenBSDInstNFS
OpenBSDUnattendedInstallation
|
