1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
|
.\" $OpenBSD: acct.5,v 1.26 2022/02/22 17:22:29 deraadt Exp $
.\" $NetBSD: acct.5,v 1.4 1995/10/22 01:40:10 ghudson Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" @(#)acct.5 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: February 22 2022 $
.Dt ACCT 5
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm acct
.Nd execution accounting file
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In sys/acct.h
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The kernel maintains the following
.Fa acct
information structure for all
processes.
If a process terminates or misbehaves in specific ways,
and accounting is enabled, the kernel calls the
.Xr acct 2
function call to prepare and append the record
to the accounting file.
.Bd -literal
/*
* Accounting structures; these use a comp_t type which is a 3 bits base 8
* exponent, 13 bit fraction floating point number. Units are 1/AHZ
* seconds.
*/
typedef u_int16_t comp_t;
struct acct {
char ac_comm[24]; /* command name, incl NUL */
comp_t ac_utime; /* user time */
comp_t ac_stime; /* system time */
comp_t ac_etime; /* elapsed time */
comp_t ac_io; /* count of IO blocks */
time_t ac_btime; /* starting time */
uid_t ac_uid; /* user id */
gid_t ac_gid; /* group id */
u_int32_t ac_mem; /* average memory usage */
dev_t ac_tty; /* controlling tty, or -1 */
pid_t ac_pid; /* process id */
#define AFORK 0x01 /* fork'd but not exec'd */
#define AMAP 0x04 /* system call or stack mapping violation */
#define ACORE 0x08 /* dumped core */
#define AXSIG 0x10 /* killed by a signal */
#define APLEDGE 0x20 /* killed due to pledge violation */
#define ATRAP 0x40 /* memory access violation */
#define AUNVEIL 0x80 /* unveil access violation */
u_int32_t ac_flag; /* accounting flags */
};
/*
* 1/AHZ is the granularity of the data encoded in the comp_t fields.
* This is not necessarily equal to hz.
*/
#define AHZ 64
#ifdef _KERNEL
int acct_process(struct proc *p);
int acct_shutdown(void);
#endif
.Ed
.Pp
If a terminated or misbehaving process was created by an
.Xr execve 2 ,
the name of the executed file (at most ten characters of it)
is saved in the field
.Fa ac_comm
and its status is saved by setting one or more of the following flags in
.Fa ac_flag :
.Bl -tag -width "AUNVEIL"
.It Dv AFORK
A new process was created via
.Xr fork 2
that was not followed by a call to
.Xr execve 2 .
.It Dv AMAP
The process terminated abnormally due to a system call or stack mapping
violation.
.It Dv ACORE
The process terminated abnormally due to a signal and dumped
.Xr core 5 .
.It Dv AXSIG
The process was killed by a
.Xr signal 3 .
.It Dv APLEDGE
The process was killed due to a
.Xr pledge 2
violation.
.It Dv ATRAP
The process was killed due to a memory access violation
detected by a processor trap.
.It Dv AUNVEIL
The process attempted a file access that was prevented by
.Xr unveil 2
restrictions.
Note that this does not cause the process to terminate.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr lastcomm 1 ,
.Xr acct 2 ,
.Xr execve 2 ,
.Xr pledge 2 ,
.Xr unveil 2 ,
.Xr signal 3 ,
.Xr core 5 ,
.Xr accton 8 ,
.Xr sa 8
.Sh HISTORY
An
.Nm
file format first appeared in
.At v7 .
|
