path: root/share/man/man7/hier.7

.\"	$OpenBSD: hier.7,v 1.12 1999/10/07 18:43:24 aaron Exp $
.\"	$NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.7 1994/11/30 19:07:10 jtc Exp $
.\"
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.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\"	@(#)hier.7	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
.\"
.Dd June 5, 1993
.Dt HIER 7
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm hier
.Nd layout of filesystems
.Sh DESCRIPTION
A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy.
.Bl -tag -width "/stand/"
.It Li /
Root directory.
.It Li /altroot
Alternate (backup) location for the root user's home directory.
.It Li /bin/
User utilities fundamental to both single and multi-user environments.
These programs are statically compiled and therefore do not depend on any
system libraries to run.
.It Li /bsd
Pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory
at boot-time).
.It Li /dev/
Block and character device files.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width MAKEDEV -compact
.It Li MAKEDEV
Script for creating device files (see
.Xr makedev 8 ) .
.It Li fd/
File descriptor files (see
.Xr fd 4 ) .
.El
.It Li /emul/
Base directory for alternate areas searched first when system call
emulation is in effect (see
.Xr compat_bsdos 8 ,
.Xr compat_freebsd 8 ,
.Xr compat_ibcs2 8 ,
.Xr compat_linux 8 ,
.Xr compat_sunos 8 ,
.Xr compat_svr4 8 ,
.Xr compat_ultrix 8 ) .
.It Li /etc/
System configuration files and scripts.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "disklabels/" -compact
.It Li localtime
Local timezone information (see
.Xr ctime 3 ) .
.It Li disklabels/
Backup disklabels (see
.Xr disklabel 8 ) .
.It Li kerberosIV/
Configuration files for the Kerberos version IV system (see
.Xr kerberos 1 ) .
.It Li mtree/
.Xr mtree
configuration files (see
.Xr mtree 8 ) .
.It Li namedb/
.Xr named
configuration files (see
.Xr named 8 ) .
.It Li uucp/
.Xr uucp
configuration files (see
.Xr uucp 1 ) .
.El
.It Li /home/
Default location for user home directories.
.It Li /mnt/
Empty directory commonly used by
system administrators as a temporary mount point.
.It Li /root/
Default home directory for the super-user.
.It Li /sbin/
System programs and administration utilities
fundamental to both single and multi-user environments.
.It Li /stand/
Programs used in a stand-alone environment.
.It Li /tmp/
Temporary files, usually an
.Xr mfs 8
memory-based filesystem (the contents
of
.Pa /tmp
are usually
.Em not
preserved across a system reboot).
.It Li /usr/
Contains the majority of user utilities and applications.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact
.It Li bin/
Common utilities, programming tools, and applications.
.It Li games/
Useful and semi-frivolous programs.
.It Li include/
Standard C include files.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact
.It Li X11/
C include files for X11 window system.
.It Li arpa/
C include files for Internet service protocols.
.It Li kerberosIV/
C include files for Kerberos authentication package (see
.Xr kerberos 1 ) .
.It Li machine/
Machine specific C include files.
.It Li net/
Miscellaneous network C include files.
.It Li netimp/
C include files for IMP protocols (see
.Xr imp 4 ) .
.It Li netinet/
C include files for Internet standard protocols (see
.Xr inet 4 ) .
.It Li netiso/
C include files for ISO standard protocols (see
.Xr iso 4 ) .
.It Li netns/
C include files for XNS standard protocols (see
.Xr ns 4 ) .
.It Li nfs/
C include files for NFS (Network File System).
.It Li pascal/
Include files for
.Xr pc 1 .
.It Li protocols/
C include files for Berkeley service protocols.
.It Li sys/
System C include files (kernel data structures).
.It Li ufs/
C include files for UFS (the U-word File System).
.El
.Pp
.It Li lib/
Archive libraries.
.It Li libdata/
Miscellaneous utility data files.
.It Li libexec/
System daemons and utilities (executed by other programs).
.It Li local/
Local executables, libraries, etc.
.It Li obj/
Architecture specific target tree produced by building the
.Pa /usr/src
tree.
.It Li old/
Programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in future
releases.
.It Li ports/
The OpenBSD ports collection (see
.Xr ports 7 ) .
.It Li sbin/
System daemons and utilities (executed by users).
.It Li share/
Architecture independent data files.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact
.It Li calendar/
Variety of pre-fab calendar files (see
.Xr calendar 1 ) .
.It Li dict/
Word lists (see
.Xr look 1 ) .
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li words
Common words.
.It Li web2
Words from Webster's 2nd International.
.It Li papers/
Reference databases (see
.Xr refer 1 ) .
.It Li special/
Custom word lists.
.El
.Pp
.It Li doc/
Miscellaneous documentation;
source for most of the printed
.Bx 4.3
manuals (available
from the
.Tn USENIX
association).
.It Li games/
ASCII text files used by various games.
.It Li man/
Manual pages.
.It Li me/
Macros for use with the me macro package.
.It Li misc/
Miscellaneous system-wide ASCII text files.
.Bl -tag -width Fl
.It Li termcap
Terminal characteristics database (see
.Xr termcap 5 ) .
.El
.Pp
.It Li mk/
Templates for
.Xr make
(see
.Xr make 1 ) .
.It Li ms/
Macros for use with the ms macro package.
.It Li skel/
Example
.Dq \&.
(dot) files for new accounts.
.It Li tabset/
Tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in
the termcap file (see
.Xr termcap 5 ) .
.It Li tmac/
Text processing macros (see
.Xr nroff 1
and
.Xr troff 1 ) .
.It Li zoneinfo/
Timezone configuration information (see
.Xr tzfile 5 ) .
.El
.Pp
.It Li src/
BSD and/or local source files
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact
.It Li bin/
Source for files in
.Pa /bin .
.It Li etc/
Source for files in
.Pa /etc .
.It Li games/
Source for files in
.Pa /usr/games .
.It Li gnu/
Source for files with GPL license.
.It Li include/
Source for files in
.Pa /usr/include .
.It Li kerberosIV/
Source for Kerberos version IV.
.It Li lib/
Source for files in
.Pa /usr/lib .
.It Li libexec/
Source for files in
.Pa /usr/libexec .
.It Li lkm/
Source for files in
.Pa /usr/lkm .
.It Li sbin/
Source for files in
.Pa /sbin .
.It Li share/
Source for files in
.Pa /usr/share .
.It Li sys/
Kernel source files.
.It Li usr.bin/
Source for files in
.Pa /usr/bin .
.It Li usr.sbin/
Source for files in
.Pa /usr/sbin .
.El
.El
.It Li /var/
Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact
.It Li account/
System accounting files.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li acct
Execution accounting file (see
.Xr acct 5 ) .
.El
.Pp
.It Li at/
.Xr timed 8
command scheduling files (see
.Xr at 1 ) .
.It Li backups/
Miscellaneous backup files.
.It Li db/
Miscellaneous automatically generated system-specific database files.
.It Li games/
Miscellaneous game status and log files.
.It Li log/
Miscellaneous system log files.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li wtmp
Login/logout log (see
.Xr wtmp 5 ) .
.El
.Pp
.It Li mail/
User mailbox files.
.It Li preserve/
Temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death
of an editor (see
.Xr ex 1 ) .
.It Li quotas/
Filesystem quota information files.
.It Li run/
System information files describing various info about the
system since it was booted.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li utmp
Database of current users (see
.Xr utmp 5 ) .
.El
.Pp
.It Li rwho/
.Xr rwho
data files (see
.Xr rwhod 8 ,
.Xr rwho 1 ,
and
.Xr ruptime 1 ) .
.It Li spool/
Miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li ftp/
Commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root directory.
.It Li mqueue/
Undelivered mail queue (see
.Xr sendmail 8 ) .
.It Li output/
Line printer spooling directories.
.It Li uucp/
.Xr uucp
spool directory.
.It Li uucppublic/
Commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary directory.
.El
.Pp
.It Li tmp/
Temporary files that are kept between system reboots.
.El
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr apropos 1 ,
.Xr find 1 ,
.Xr finger 1 ,
.Xr grep 1 ,
.Xr ls 1 ,
.Xr whatis 1 ,
.Xr whereis 1 ,
.Xr which 1 ,
.Xr fsck 8
.Sh HISTORY
A
.Nm
manual page appeared in
.At v7 .