1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>How Directory, Location and Files sections work</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
<BODY
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#000080"
ALINK="#FF0000"
>
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
<IMG SRC="images/sub.gif" ALT="[APACHE DOCUMENTATION]">
<H3>
Apache HTTP Server Version 1.3
</H3>
</DIV>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">How Directory, Location and Files sections work</H1>
The sections <A
HREF="mod/core.html#directory"><CODE><Directory></CODE></A>, <A
HREF="mod/core.html#location"><CODE><Location></CODE></A> and <A
HREF="mod/core.html#files"><CODE><Files></CODE></A> can contain
directives which only apply to specified directories, URLs or files
respectively. Also htaccess files can be used inside a directory to
apply directives to that directory. This document explains how these
different sections differ and how they relate to each other when
Apache decides which directives apply for a particular directory or
request URL.
<H2>Directives allowed in the sections</H2>
Everything that is syntactically allowed in
<CODE><Directory></CODE> is also allowed in
<CODE><Location></CODE> (except a sub-<CODE><Files></CODE>
section). Semantically however some things, and the most
notable are <CODE>AllowOverride</CODE> and the two options
<CODE>FollowSymLinks</CODE> and <CODE>SymLinksIfOwnerMatch</CODE>,
make no sense in <CODE><Location></CODE>. The same for
<CODE><Files></CODE> -- syntactically everything is fine, but
semantically some things are different.
<H2>How the sections are merged</H2>
The order of merging is:
<OL>
<LI>
<CODE><Directory></CODE> (except regular expressions) and
.htaccess done simultaneously (with .htaccess overriding
<CODE><Directory></CODE>)
</LI>
<LI>
<CODE><DirectoryMatch></CODE>, and
<CODE><Directory></CODE> with regular expressions
</LI>
<LI><CODE><Files></CODE> and <CODE><FilesMatch></CODE> done
simultaneously
</LI>
<LI><CODE><Location></CODE> and <CODE><LocationMatch></CODE> done
simultaneously
</LI>
</OL>
Apart from <CODE><Directory></CODE>, each group is processed in
the order that they appear in the configuration
files. <CODE><Directory></CODE> (group 1 above) is processed in
the order shortest directory component to longest. If multiple
<CODE><Directory></CODE> sections apply to the same directory
they they are processed in the configuration file order. The
configuration files are read in the order httpd.conf, srm.conf and
access.conf. Configurations included via the <CODE>Include</CODE>
directive will be treated as if they where inside the including file
at the location of the <CODE>Include</CODE> directive.
<P>
Sections inside <CODE><VirtualHost></CODE> sections are applied
<EM>after</EM> the corresponding sections outside the virtual host
definition. This allows virtual hosts to override the main server
configuration. (Note: this only works correctly from 1.2.2 and 1.3a2
onwards. Before those releases sections inside virtual hosts were
applied <EM>before</EM> the main server).
<H2>Notes about using sections</H2>
The general guidelines are:
<P>
<UL>
<LI>
If you are attempting to match objects at the filesystem level
then you must use <CODE><Directory></CODE> and/or
<CODE><Files></CODE>.
</LI>
<LI>
If you are attempting to match objects at the URL level then you
must use <CODE><Location></CODE>
</LI>
</UL>
But a notable exception is:
<UL>
<LI>
proxy control is done via <CODE><Directory></CODE>. This is
a legacy mistake because the proxy existed prior to
<CODE><Location></CODE>. A future version of the config
language should probably switch this to
<CODE><Location></CODE>.
</LI>
</UL>
<P>
Note about .htaccess parsing:
</P>
<UL>
<LI>
Modifying .htaccess parsing during Location doesn't do
anything because .htaccess parsing has already occurred.
</UL>
<P>
<CODE><Location></CODE> and symbolic links:
</P>
<UL>
<LI>
It is not possible to use "<CODE>Options FollowSymLinks</CODE>"
or "<CODE>Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch</CODE>" inside a
<CODE><Location></CODE>/<CODE><LocationMatch></CODE> section
(the options are simply ignored).
Using the options in question is only possible inside a
<CODE><Directory></CODE> section (or a <CODE>.htaccess</CODE> file).
</UL>
<P>
<CODE><Files></CODE> and <CODE>Options</CODE>:
</P>
<UL>
<LI>
Apache won't check for it, but using an <CODE>Options</CODE>
directive inside a <CODE><Files></CODE> section has no effect.
</UL>
<P>
Another note:
</P>
<UL>
<LI>
There is actually a
<CODE><Location></CODE>/<CODE><LocationMatch></CODE>
sequence performed just before the name translation phase (where
<CODE>Aliases</CODE> and <CODE>DocumentRoots</CODE> are used to
map URLs to filenames). The results of this sequence are
completely thrown away after the translation has completed.
</LI>
</UL>
<HR>
<H3 ALIGN="CENTER">
Apache HTTP Server Version 1.3
</H3>
<A HREF="./"><IMG SRC="images/index.gif" ALT="Index"></A>
</BODY></HTML>
|
